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Coryphaena
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{{Short description|Genus of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Coryphaenahippurus.JPG | image_caption = [[Coryphaena hippurus|Mahi-mahi (''C. hippurus'')]] | parent_authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1810 | taxon = Coryphaena | authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]] | type_species = ''[[Coryphaena hippurus|Scomber pelagicus]]'' | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = [[Coryphaena#Species|See text.]] }} '''''Coryphaena''''' is a [[genus]] of marine [[ray-finned fish|ray-finned]] [[fish]]es known as the '''dolphinfishes''', and is currently the only known genus in the [[family (biology)|family]] '''Coryphaenidae'''. The generic name is from [[Greek language|Greek]] κορυφή (''koryphē'', "crown, top") and -αινα (-''aina'', feminine suffix).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://etyfish.org/carangiformes1/|title=Order CARANGIFORMES (part 1): Families LATIDAE, CENTROPOMIDAE, LACTARIIDAE, SPHYRAENIDAE, LEPTOBRAMIDAE, TOXOTIDAE, NEMATISTIIDAE, MENIDAE, XIPHIIDAE, ISTIOPHORIDAE, CORYPHAENIDAE, RACHYCENTRIDAE, ECHENEIDAE and CARANGIDAE|date=July 8, 2020}}</ref> Species in this genus have compressed heads and single [[dorsal fin]]s that run the entire length of the fishes' bodies. Dolphinfish are aggressive [[predatory fish]] that actively prey upon oceanic [[forage fish]]es, while in turn serving as a primary food source for many larger [[pelagic]] predators. The dolphinfish can reach up to about {{convert|88|lb|kg|order=flip}}, and are some of the fastest-growing species in the ocean. Despite the name, dolphinfishes are unrelated to and look unlike [[dolphin]]s (which are [[marine mammal]]s with pointed snouts), and commercially their meat is often labeled with its Hawaiian name [[mahi-mahi]] to reduce possible public confusion. The origin of the name "dolphinfish" is recent, to avoid confusion with dolphins, as the traditional name of the fish was also "dolphin". Why the mammal and the fish were both called "dolphin" is uncertain, but theories include that dolphinfish communicate using high-pitched sounds similar to a dolphin, and they are about the size of a small dolphin,<ref>{{cite web |title=Dolphinfish Facts |website=whalefacts.org |url=http://www.whalefacts.org/dolphinfish/ |date=2016 |access-date=2016-09-10}}</ref> or due to ''dorado'' (Spanish for "golden") having been purportedly used historically in Spanish for both dolphins (normally ''delfín'') and dolphinfish.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mahi-Mahi / Dolphins vs. real Dolphins - Straight Dope Message Board |url=http://boards.straightdope.com/sdmb/showthread.php?t=151615 |date=2002-12-19 |access-date=2016-09-10}}</ref> ==Species== The currently recognized species in this genus are:<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Coryphaena| month = April | year = 2013}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Image !! Scientific name !! Common name !! Distribution |- |[[File:Coryphaena equiselis.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Coryphaena equiselis]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]</small>|| pompano dolphinfish || South America |- |[[File:Coryphaenahippurus.JPG|120px]] || ''[[Coryphaena hippurus]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]</small> || mahi-mahi, common dolphinfish, or dorado || Gulf of Mexico, Costa Rica, Hawaii and Indian Ocean. |- |} ===Local names=== This are the common names of ''[[Coryphaena hippurus]]'' and ''[[Coryphaena equiselis]]'' across the world.<ref>Palko, B.J., G.L. Beardsley and W.J. Richards. 1982. Synopsis of the biological data on dolfin-fishes, ''Coryphaena hippurus'' Linnaeus and ''Coryphaena equiselis'' Linnaeus. ''NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular'' 443, (FAO Fisheries Synopisis No. 130) </ref> {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- ! Country ! Common dolphinfish <br />''[[Coryphaena hippurus]]'' ! Pompano dolphinfish <br />''[[Coryphaena equiselis]]'' |- | [[Algeria]] | Lámberg | |- | [[Croatia]] | Pučinka | |- | [[Cuba]] | Dorado | |- | [[Cyprus]] | Dakaunomoutas | |- | [[France]] | dorade coryphène | petite dorade coryphène |- | [[French Polynesia]] | Mahimahi | |- | [[Germany]] | Goldmakrele | |- | [[Greece]] | Kynigòs | |- | [[Israel]] | Raaman | |- | [[Italy]] | Lampuga | |- | [[Japan]] | Toohyaku | Ebisu-shiira |- | [[Korea]] | Man-sae-gi | Jul-man-sae-gi |- | [[Lebanon]] | Lämbukeh | |- | [[Libya]] | Lambuka | |- | [[Malaysia]] | Belitung, Banang | |- | [[Malta]] | Lampuka | |- | [[Monaco]] | Lampuga | |- | [[Morocco]] | Msi'a amerikano | |- | [[Peru]] | Perico | |- | [[Philippines]] | Dorado | |- | [[Spain]] | Llampuga | |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | Rad hava | Diya vannava |- | [[Sweden]] | Guldmakrill | |- | [[Syria]] | Bakhti bakhti | |- | [[Tahiti]] | Mahi mahi | |- | [[Taiwan]] | Fei Niau Fu | |- | [[Tunisia]] | Lambouqa | |- | [[Turkey]] | Natasha | |- | [[United States]] | Dolphin, dolphinfish | Pompano, blue dolphin |- | [[Hawaii|Hawai'i]] and [[Pacific Ocean|eastern Pacific]] | Mahi mahi | "The other mahi mahi" |- | [[Northern Vietnam|North Vietnam]] | Cá nục heo [cờ] | |- | [[Southern Vietnam|South Vietnam]] | Cá dũa | |} ==See also== * [[List of fish families]] ==References== {{Commons category|Coryphaena}} {{Reflist}} * {{FishBase family | family = Coryphaenidae | month = April| year = 2013}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q849721}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Coryphaenidae]] [[Category:Carangiformes]] [[Category:Marine fish genera]] [[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
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