Editing County Dublin

{{Short description|County in Ireland}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=July 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | name                     = County Dublin
 | native_name              = {{Native name|ga|Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath|paren=omit}}
 | settlement_type          = [[Counties of Ireland|County]]
 | image_flag               = 
 | image_shield             = Coat of arms of County Dublin.png
 | shield_size              = 100px
 | nickname                 = 
 | motto                    = {{langx|ga|Beart do réir ár mbriathar}}<br />"Action to match our speech"
 | image_map                = Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Dublin.svg
 | map_alt                  = map showing County Dublin as a small area of darker green on the east coast within the lighter green background of the Republic of Ireland, with Northern Ireland in pink
 | map_caption              = County Dublin shown darker on the green of the [[Republic of Ireland]], with [[Northern Ireland]] in pink
 | subdivision_type         = [[Sovereign state|Country]]
 | subdivision_name         = [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
 | subdivision_type2        = [[Provinces of Ireland|Province]]
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Leinster]]
 | subdivision_type3        = [[Regions of Ireland|Region]]
 | subdivision_name3        = [[Eastern and Midland Region|Eastern and Midland]]
 | leader_title2            = [[Dáil constituencies]]
 | leader_name2             = {{Collapsible list
        |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%;
        |title = 11|[[Dublin Bay North (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay North]] | [[Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay South]] | [[Dublin Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Central]] | [[Dublin Fingal (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Fingal]] | [[Dublin Mid-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Mid-West]] | [[Dublin North-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North-West]] | [[Dublin Rathdown (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Rathdown]] | [[Dublin South-Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-Central]] | [[Dublin South-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-West]] | [[Dublin West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin West]]| [[Dún Laoghaire (Dáil constituency)|Dún Laoghaire]]}}
 | leader_title3            = [[European Parliament constituencies in the Republic of Ireland|EP constituency]]
 | leader_name3             = [[Dublin (European Parliament constituency)|Dublin]]
 | seat_type                = [[County town]]
 | seat                     = [[Dublin]]
 | area_total_km2           = 922
 | area_rank                = [[List of Irish counties by area|30th]]
 | population_as_of         = [[2022 census of Ireland|2022]]
 | population_rank          = [[List of Irish counties by population|1st]]
 | population_density_km2   = 1581.5
 | population_demonym       = Dubliner <br /> Dub
 | blank_name_sec1          = [[Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Ireland|Vehicle index<br />mark code]]
 | blank_info_sec1          = D
 | website                  = 
 | population               = 1,458,154
 | timezone                 = [[GMT]]
 | utc_offset               = ±0
 | timezone_DST             = [[Irish Standard Time|IST]]
 | utc_offset_DST           = +1
 | established_title        = Established
 | established_date         = 1190s<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.historyireland.com/early-modern-history-1500-1700/geographical-loyalty-counties-palatinates-boroughs-and-ridings/|title='Geographical loyalty'? Counties, palatinates, boroughs and ridings|date=6 March 2013|access-date=23 June 2019|archive-date=23 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623214300/https://www.historyireland.com/early-modern-history-1500-1700/geographical-loyalty-counties-palatinates-boroughs-and-ridings/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 | area_code_type           = [[Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland|Telephone area codes]]
 | area_code                = 01
 | postal_code_type         = [[Eircode]] routing keys
 | postal_code              = D01–D18, D6W, D20, D22, D24, A41, A42, A45, A94, A96, K34, K45, K67, K78
 | elevation_max_m          = 757
 | elevation_max_point      = [[Kippure]]
 | module                   = {{infobox mapframe|zoom=8}}
 | iso_code                 = IE-D
}}
'''County Dublin''' ({{langx|ga|Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.logainm.ie/100002.aspx|website=logainm.ie|access-date=12 July 2023|title=Baile Átha Cliath/Dublin|archive-date=31 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031081613/http://www.logainm.ie/100002.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> or {{lang|ga|Contae Átha Cliath}}) is a [[Counties of Ireland|county]] in [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], and holds its capital city, [[Dublin]]. It is located on the island's east coast, within the [[Provinces of Ireland|province]] of [[Leinster]]. Until 1994, County Dublin (excluding the city) was a single [[Local government in the Republic of Ireland|local government area]]; in that year, the county council was divided into three new administrative counties: [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]], [[Fingal]] and [[South Dublin]]. The three administrative counties together with Dublin City proper form a NUTS III [[NUTS statistical regions of Ireland|statistical region of Ireland]] (coded IE061).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/revnuts23/|title=Revision to the Irish NUTS2 and NUTS3 regions|publisher=[[Central Statistics Office (Ireland)|Central Statistics Office]]|access-date=30 November 2018|archive-date=13 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113144646/https://www.cso.ie/en/methods/revnuts23/|url-status=live}}</ref> County Dublin remains a single administrative unit for the purposes of the courts (including the Dublin County Sheriff, but excluding the bailiwick of the Dublin City Sheriff) and Dublin County combined with Dublin City forms the Judicial County of Dublin, including Dublin Circuit Court, the Dublin County Registrar and the Dublin Metropolitan District Court. Dublin also sees law enforcement (the Garda Dublin metropolitan division) and fire services ([[Dublin Fire Brigade]]) administered county-wide.

Dublin is Ireland's [[List of Irish counties by population|most populous county]], with a population of 1,458,154 {{as of|lc=y|2022}} – approximately 28% of the Republic of Ireland's total population.<ref>{{cite web |title=FP005 Components of Population Change 2016 to 2022 |url=https://data.cso.ie/ |date=23 June 2022 |access-date=12 March 2023 |archive-date=25 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825074214/https://data.cso.ie/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Dublin city is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland, as well as the largest city on the island of [[Ireland]]. Roughly 9 out of every 10 people in County Dublin lives within Dublin city and its suburbs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=ST2016&Geog_Code=EED4C2E4-43BA-428E-96FC-1C65CC0A4340|title=Settlements – Dublin City and suburbs (2016 Census)|work=CSO|access-date=26 June 2021|archive-date=13 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113075445/http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=ST2016&Geog_Code=EED4C2E4-43BA-428E-96FC-1C65CC0A4340|url-status=live}}</ref> Several sizeable towns that are considered separate from the city, such as [[Rush, County Dublin|Rush]], [[Donabate]] and [[Balbriggan]], are located in the far north of the county. [[Swords, County Dublin|Swords]], while separated from the city by a [[green belt]] around [[Dublin Airport]], is considered a [[Satellite city|suburban commuter town]] and an emerging small city.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aQg4cgAACAAJ |title=Your Swords: An Emerging City : Strategic Vision 2035 |publisher=Fingal County Council |language=en |access-date=6 September 2022 |archive-date=12 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712155951/https://books.google.com/books?id=aQg4cgAACAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[List of Irish counties by area|third smallest]] county by land area, Dublin is bordered by [[County Meath|Meath]] to the west and north, [[County Kildare|Kildare]] to the west, [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]] to the south and the [[Irish Sea]] to the east. The southern part of the county is dominated by the [[Dublin Mountains]], which rise to around {{convert|2500|ft|m|order=flip}} and contain numerous valleys, reservoirs and forests. The county's east coast is punctuated by several bays and inlets, including [[Rogerstown Estuary]], [[Donabate#Broadmeadow Estuary|Broadmeadow Estuary]], [[Baldoyle Bay]] and most prominently, [[Dublin Bay]]. The northern section of the county, today known as [[Fingal]], varies enormously in character, from densely populated suburban towns of the city's [[commuter belt]] to flat, fertile plains, which are some of the country's largest horticultural and agricultural hubs.

Dublin is the oldest county in Ireland, and was the first part of the island to be [[shire]]d following the [[Norman invasion of Ireland|Norman invasion]] in the late 1100s. While it is no longer a local government area, Dublin retains a strong identity, and continues to be referred to as both a region and county interchangeably, including at government body level.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/respiratory/coronavirus/novelcoronavirus/surveillance/covid-1914-dayepidemiologyreports/|title=DCOVID-19 14-day epidemiology reports- June 2021|work=HSE|access-date=26 June 2021|archive-date=30 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630150236/https://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/respiratory/coronavirus/novelcoronavirus/surveillance/covid-1914-dayepidemiologyreports/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublinchamber.ie/media/news/february-2018/dublin-ranks-2nd-lowest-for-government-capital-spe|title=Dublin Ranks 2nd Lowest for Government Capital Spending|work=Dublin Chamber of Commerce|access-date=26 June 2021|archive-date=26 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626131811/https://www.dublinchamber.ie/media/news/february-2018/dublin-ranks-2nd-lowest-for-government-capital-spe|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Etymology==
{{See also|Etymological list of counties of Ireland}}
[[File:Vikings 841 at Dublin.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Viking fleet [[Early Scandinavian Dublin|landing at Dublin]], 841]]
County Dublin is named after the city of Dublin, which is an [[anglicisation]] of its [[Old Norse]] name {{lang|non|Dyflin}}. The city was founded in the 9th century AD by [[Viking]] settlers who established the [[Kingdom of Dublin]]. The Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical site known as {{lang|sga|Duiblinn}}, from which {{lang|non|italic=unset|Dyflin}} took its name. {{lang|sga|italic=unset|Duiblinn}} derives from the [[Middle Irish]] word {{lang|mga|Du(i)blind}} (literally "Blackpool"),<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Baile Átha Cliath/Dublin |url=https://www.logainm.ie/en/1375542/ |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=logainm.ie |language=en}}</ref> from {{lang|mga|dub}} {{IPA|mga|d̪ˠuβˠ|}} "black, dark" and {{lang|mga|lind}} {{IPA|mga|l̠ʲin̠ʲ(dʲ)|}} "pool", referring to a dark tidal pool. This tidal pool was located where the [[River Poddle]] entered the [[River Liffey|Liffey]], to the rear of [[Dublin Castle]].

The [[hinterland]] of Dublin in the Norse period was named {{Langx|non|Dyflinnar skíði|lit=Dublinshire}}.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Church |first=Peter J. |date=2021 |title=Why Are There Very Few Scandinavian Place-names in Ireland? |url=https://www.ssns.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/02_Church_2021_Vol_52_pp_22_37.pdf |journal=[[Scottish Society for Northern Studies|Northern Studies]] |volume=52 |pages=22–37}}</ref>{{Rp|page=24}}

In addition to {{lang|non|italic=unset|Dyflin}}, a Gaelic settlement known as {{lang|ga|italic=unset|Áth Cliath}} ('ford of hurdles')<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Palgrave Handbook of Literature and the City|last=Tambling|first=Jeremy|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2017|isbn=978-1137549105|page=98}}</ref> was located further up the Liffey, near present-day [[Father Mathew Bridge]]. {{lang|ga|Baile Átha Cliath}} means 'town of the hurdled ford', with {{lang|ga|Áth Cliath}} referring to a [[Ford (crossing)|fording point]] along the river. As with {{lang|non|italic=unset|Duiblinn}}, an early Christian monastery was also located at {{lang|sga|italic=unset|Áth Cliath}}, on the site that is currently occupied by the [[Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church]].

Dublin was the first county in Ireland to be shired after the [[Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland|Norman Conquest]] in the late 12th century. The Normans captured the Kingdom of Dublin from its [[Norse-Gael]] rulers and the name was used as the basis for the county's official [[Anglo-Norman language|Anglo-Norman]] (and later [[English language|English]]) name. However, in Modern Irish the region was named after the [[Gaels|Gaelic]] settlement of {{lang|ga|italic=unset|Baile Átha Cliath}} or simply {{lang|ga|italic=unset|Áth Cliath}}. As a result, Dublin is one of four counties in Ireland with a different name origin for both Irish and English – the others being [[County Wexford|Wexford]], [[County Waterford|Waterford]], and [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]], whose English names are also derived from Old Norse.

==History==
{{Main|History of Dublin}}
[[File:Tibradden Chambered Cairn.jpg|thumb|left|Prehistoric [[passage tomb]] at Tibradden]]
The earliest recorded inhabitants of present-day Dublin settled along the mouth of the [[River Liffey]]. The remains of five wooden fish traps were discovered near [[Spencer Dock]] in 2007. These traps were designed to catch incoming fish at high tide and could be retrieved at low tide. Thin-bladed stone axes were used to craft the traps and [[radiocarbon dating]] places them in the Late [[Mesolithic]] period ({{circa|6,100}}–5,700 BCE).<ref>{{cite web |title=Dublin, The Prehistoric City |date=17 May 2011 |publisher=Irish archaeology |url=http://irisharchaeology.ie/2011/05/dublin-the-prehistoric-city/ |access-date=3 August 2021 |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803194412/http://irisharchaeology.ie/2011/05/dublin-the-prehistoric-city/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[Vikings]] invaded the region in the mid-9th century AD and founded what would become the city of Dublin. Over time they mixed with the natives of the area, becoming [[Norse–Gaels]]. The Vikings raided across Ireland, Britain, France and Spain during this period and under their rule Dublin developed into the largest slave market in [[Western Europe]].<ref>''The Historical encyclopedia of world slavery'', Volume 1; Volume 7 By Junius P. Rodriguez ABC-CLIO, 1997</ref> While the Vikings were formidable at sea, the superiority of Irish land forces soon became apparent, and the kingdom's Norse rulers were first exiled from the region as early as 902. Dublin was captured by the [[High King of Ireland]], [[Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill|Máel Sechnaill II]], in 980, who freed the kingdom's Gaelic slaves.<ref>Downham, ''Viking Kings'', pp. 51–52 & 190; Hudson, "Óláf Sihtricson"; Hudson, "Máel Sechnaill"; Hudson, ''Viking Pirates'', page numbers needed.</ref> Dublin was again defeated by Máel Sechnaill in 988 and forced to accept [[Brehon law]] and pay taxes to the High King.<ref>{{cite web |title=On this day – 988 |work=History of Ireland |date=10 July 2017 |publisher=Stair na hEireann |url=https://stairnaheireann.net/2017/07/10/otd-in-988-the-norse-king-gluniairn-recognises-mael-sechnaill-mac-domnaill-high-king-of-ireland-and-agrees-to-pay-taxes-and-accept-brehon-law-the-event-is-considered-to-be-the-founding-o/ |access-date=3 August 2021 |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803194411/https://stairnaheireann.net/2017/07/10/otd-in-988-the-norse-king-gluniairn-recognises-mael-sechnaill-mac-domnaill-high-king-of-ireland-and-agrees-to-pay-taxes-and-accept-brehon-law-the-event-is-considered-to-be-the-founding-o/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Successive defeats at the hands of [[Brian Boru]] in 999 and, most famously, at the [[Battle of Clontarf]] in 1014, relegated Dublin to the status of lesser kingdom.
[[File:Viking Ireland.png|thumb|left|Norse-Gael [[Kingdom of Dublin]] in the 10th Century]]
In 1170, the ousted [[king of Leinster]], [[Diarmait Mac Murchada]], and his Norman allies agreed to capture Dublin at a war council in [[Waterford]]. They evaded the intercepting army of High King [[Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair]] by marching through the [[Wicklow Mountains]], arriving outside the walls of Dublin in late September.<ref>Martin (2008), p. 76.</ref> The king of Dublin, [[Ascall mac Ragnaill]], met with Mac Murchada for negotiations; however, while talks were ongoing, the Normans, led by [[Miles de Cogan|de Cogan]] and [[Raymond FitzGerald|FitzGerald]], stormed Dublin and overwhelmed its defenders, forcing mac Ragnaill to flee to the [[Northern Isles]].<ref>[[#D5|Downham (2013)]] p. 157 n. 1.</ref> Separate attempts to retake Dublin were launched by both Ua Conchobair and mac Ragnaill in 1171, both of which were unsuccessful.

The authority over Ireland established by the Anglo-Norman [[Henry II of England|king Henry II]] was gradually lost during the [[Gaelic Resurgence|Gaelic resurgence]] from the 13th century onwards. English power diminished so significantly that by the early 16th century English laws and customs were restricted to a small area around Dublin known as "[[The Pale]]". The [[Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare|Earl of Kildare]]'s failed rebellion in 1535 reignited [[House of Tudor|Tudor]] interest in Ireland, and [[Henry VIII]] proclaimed the [[Kingdom of Ireland]] in 1542, with Dublin as its capital. Over the next 60 years the [[Tudor conquest of Ireland|Tudor conquest]] spread to every corner of the island, which was fully subdued by [[Nine Years' War (Ireland)|1603]].
[[File:Portrait of Henry Grattan -Martin Archer Shee .PNG|thumb|200px|[[Henry Grattan]]]]
Despite harsh [[Penal Laws against Irish Catholics|penal laws]] and unfavourable trade restrictions imposed upon Ireland, Dublin flourished in the 18th century. The [[Georgian Dublin|Georgian buildings]] which still define much of Dublin's architectural landscape to this day were mostly built over a 50-year period spanning from about 1750 to 1800. Bodies such as the [[Wide Streets Commission]] completely reshaped the city, demolishing most of medieval Dublin in the process.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Dublin Through Space & Time |editor1-first=Joseph |editor1-last=Brady |editor2-first=Anngret |editor2-last=Simms |first=Edel |last=Sheridan |chapter=Designing the Capital City |isbn=978-1-85182-641-4 |publisher=Four Courts Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/dublinthroughspa0000unse/page/112 112] |year=2001 |url=https://archive.org/details/dublinthroughspa0000unse/page/112}}</ref> During the [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]], the penal laws were gradually repealed and members of the [[Protestant Ascendancy]] began to regard themselves as citizens of a distinct Irish nation.<ref>Crosbie, Barry ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=DpvRF0W5KIMC&dq=1770s+of+Henry+Grattan%27s+Patriot+Party.&pg=PA78 Irish Imperial Networks Migration, Social Communication and Exchange in Nineteenth-Century India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803194410/https://books.google.com/books?id=DpvRF0W5KIMC&pg=PA78&lpg=PA78&dq=1770s+of+Henry+Grattan's+Patriot+Party.&source=bl&ots=US5gZDZjdQ&sig=BljPPtWhdJfPkUOkLsJRPU_N7dU&hl=en&sa=X&ei=miZgVJvHPM-tyATTjYCYCQ&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=1770s%20of%20Henry%20Grattan's%20Patriot%20Party.&f=false |date=3 August 2021 }}.'' Cambridge University Press (2012) {{ISBN|0-521-11937-5}}.</ref> The [[Irish Patriot Party]], led by [[Henry Grattan]], agitated for greater autonomy from [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]], which was achieved under the [[Constitution of 1782]]. These freedoms proved short-lived, as the [[Parliament of Ireland|Irish Parliament]] was abolished under the [[Acts of Union 1800]] and Ireland was incorporated into the [[United Kingdom]]. Dublin lost its political status as a capital and went into a marked decline throughout the 19th century, leading to widespread demands to [[Repeal Association|repeal the union]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Loyal National Repeal Association |work=A.M. Sullivan |publisher=Library Ireland |url=https://www.libraryireland.com/Atlas/LXXXIV-Loyal-National-Repeal-Association.php |access-date=3 August 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727065328/https://libraryireland.com/Atlas/LXXXIV-Loyal-National-Repeal-Association.php |url-status=live }}</ref>

Although at one time the [[Second city of the United Kingdom|second city of the British Empire]],<ref>Sidney Edwards Morse and Jedidiah Morse, ''A New System of Geography, Ancient and Modern'', p.177, 1824</ref> by the late 1800s Dublin was one of the poorest cities in Europe. The city had the worst housing conditions of anywhere in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]], and overcrowding, disease and malnourishment were rife within central Dublin. In 1901, ''[[The Irish Times]]'' reported that the disease and mortality rates in [[Calcutta]] during the 1897 [[Third plague pandemic#Global distribution|bubonic plague outbreak]] compared "favourably with those of Dublin at the present moment".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://doras.dcu.ie/21554/1/95_SCAN.pdf|title=Suburban and urban housing in the twentieth century|website=Dublin City University|access-date=3 August 2021|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112012409/http://doras.dcu.ie/21554/1/95_SCAN.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Most of the upper and middle class residents of Dublin had moved to wealthier suburbs, and the grand Georgian homes of the 1700s were converted en masse into tenement [[slum]]s. In 1911, over 20,000 families in Dublin were living in one-room tenements which they rented from wealthy landlords.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/tv-radio-web/back-to-the-slums-of-old-dublin-and-not-a-whiff-of-celtic-mist-1.591416 |title=Back to the slums of old Dublin – and not a whiff of Celtic mist |newspaper=The Irish Times |access-date=3 August 2021 |archive-date=4 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404224547/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/tv-radio-web/back-to-the-slums-of-old-dublin-and-not-a-whiff-of-celtic-mist-1.591416 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Henrietta Street, Dublin|Henrietta Street]] was particularly infamous for the density of its tenements, with 845 people living on the street in 1911, including 19 families – totalling 109 people – living in just one house.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dublin – Poverty and Health |work=Ireland in the early 20th century |publisher=National Archives |url=http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/exhibition/dublin/poverty_health.html |access-date=24 March 2017 |archive-date=11 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170311185519/http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/exhibition/dublin/poverty_health.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Ruins of Balbriggan Sept 1920.jpg|thumb|Burnt out buildings following the [[Sack of Balbriggan]], September 1920]]
After decades of political unrest, Ireland appeared to be on the brink of civil war as a result of the [[Home Rule Crisis]]. Despite being the centre of [[Unionism in Ireland|Irish unionism]] outside of [[Ulster]], Dublin was overwhelmingly in favour of Home Rule. Unionist parties had performed poorly in the county since the 1870s, leading contemporary historian [[W. E. H. Lecky]] to conclude that "Ulster unionism is the only form of Irish unionism that is likely to count as a serious political force".<ref>{{cite journal |title=The Failure of Unionism in Dublin, 1900 |journal=Irish Historical Studies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |jstor=30008694 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30008694 |access-date=3 August 2021 |last1=Jackson |first1=Alvin |year=1989 |volume=26 |issue=104 |pages=377–395 |doi=10.1017/S0021121400010129 |s2cid=153472872 |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803153556/https://www.jstor.org/stable/30008694 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Unlike their counterparts in the north, "southern unionists" were a clear minority in the rest of Ireland, and as such were much more willing to co-operate with the [[Irish Parliamentary Party]] (IPP) to avoid [[Partition of Ireland|partition]]. Following the [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]], Belfast unionist [[Dawson Bates]] decried the "effusive professions of loyalty and confidence in the Provisional Government" that was displayed by former unionists in the new [[Irish Free State]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The dog that didn't bark: Southern unionism in pre- and post-revolutionary Ireland |work=20th-century / Contemporary History, Features, Issue 4 (July/August 2015), Volume 23 |date=2 July 2015 |publisher=History Ireland |url=https://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/the-dog-that-didnt-bark-southern-unionism-in-pre-and-post-revolutionary-ireland/ |access-date=3 August 2021 |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803153559/https://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/the-dog-that-didnt-bark-southern-unionism-in-pre-and-post-revolutionary-ireland/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The question of Home Rule was put on hold due to the outbreak of the [[First World War]] but was never to be revisited as a series of missteps by the British government, such as executing the leaders of the [[1916 Easter Rising]] and the [[Conscription Crisis of 1918]], fuelled the [[Irish revolutionary period]]. The IPP were nearly wiped out by [[Sinn Féin]] in the [[1918 Irish general election|1918 general election]] and, following a brief [[Irish War of Independence|war of independence]], 26 of Ireland's 32 counties seceded from the United Kingdom in December 1922, with Dublin becoming the capital of the [[Irish Free State]], and later the Republic of Ireland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/h1918.htm |title=The Irish Election of 1918 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060824020254/http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/h1918.htm |archive-date=24 August 2006 |website=[[Northern Ireland Social and Political Archive|ARK]] |access-date=30 December 2013}}</ref>

From the 1960s onwards, Dublin city greatly expanded due to urban renewal works and the construction of large suburbs such as [[Tallaght]], [[Coolock]] and [[Ballymun]], which resettled both the rural and urban poor of County Dublin in newer state-built accommodation.<ref>{{cite web |title=An Irishman's Diary on Tallaght's journey from village to city |work=Hugh Oram |publisher=[[The Irish Times]] |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishman-s-diary-on-tallaght-s-journey-from-village-to-city-1.2309189 |access-date=3 August 2021 |archive-date=27 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227033631/http://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishman-s-diary-on-tallaght-s-journey-from-village-to-city-1.2309189 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dublin was the driving force behind Ireland's [[Celtic Tiger]] period, an era of rapid economic growth that started in the early 1990s. In stark contrast to the turn of the 20th century, Dublin entered the 21st century as one of Europe's richest cities, attracting immigrants and investment from all over the world.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Ireland's "Celtic Tiger" Economy |journal=Science, Technology, & Human Values |publisher=Sage Publications |jstor=1558024 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1558024 |access-date=3 August 2021 |last1=Battel |first1=Róisín Ní Mháille |year=2003 |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=93–111 |doi=10.1177/0162243902238497 |s2cid=154660919 |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803153557/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1558024 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==Geography and subdivisions==
{{See also|List of mountains and hills of County Dublin|List of rivers of County Dublin}}
{{multiple image
 | align     = right
 | direction = vertical
 | image1    = Dolphin at Dalkey Island (cropped).jpg
 | width1    = 225
 | caption1  =
 | alt1      =
 | image2    = Deer in Phoenix Park, Dublin.jpg
 | width2    = 225
 | caption2  = A [[Common bottlenose dolphin|bottlenose dolphin]] ({{lang|la|tursiops truncatus}}) at [[Dalkey Island]] and a [[European fallow deer|fallow deer]] ({{lang|la|dama dama}}) in [[Phoenix Park]]
 | alt2      =
}}

[[File:Skerries Sunset.jpg|thumb|Sunset over [[Skerries, County Dublin|Skerries]]]]
Dublin is the [[List of Irish counties by area|third smallest]] of Ireland's 32 counties by area, and the largest in terms of population. It is the third-smallest of Leinster's 12 counties in size and the largest by population. Dublin shares a border with three counties – [[County Meath|Meath]] to the north and west, [[County Kildare|Kildare]] to the west and [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]] to the south. To the east, Dublin has an [[List of Irish counties by coastline|Irish Sea coastline]] which stretches for {{convert|155|km|mi}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fingal.ie/council/service/coastal-walks-0|title=Coastal Walks|work=Fingal County Council|access-date=8 November 2020|archive-date=5 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105022604/https://www.fingal.ie/council/service/coastal-walks-0|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dlrcoco.citizenspace.com/masterplanning/sandycove-and-bullock-harbour-masterplan-consultat/supporting_documents/Bullock%20and%20Sandycove%20Harbours%20Draft%20Masterplan%202019.pdf|title=Bullock and Sandycove Harbours Draft Masterplan|work=DLRCoCo|access-date=8 November 2020|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111120337/https://dlrcoco.citizenspace.com/masterplanning/sandycove-and-bullock-harbour-masterplan-consultat/supporting_documents/Bullock%20and%20Sandycove%20Harbours%20Draft%20Masterplan%202019.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dublin is a topographically varied region. The city centre is generally very low-lying, and many areas of coastal Dublin are at or near sea-level. In the south of the county, the topography rises steeply from sea-level at the coast to over {{convert|500|m|ft}} in just a few kilometres. This natural barrier has resulted in densely populated coastal settlements in [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]] and westward urban sprawl in [[South Dublin]]. In contrast, [[Fingal]] is generally rural in nature and much less densely populated than the rest of the county. Consequently, Fingal is significantly larger than the other three local authorities and covers about 49.5% of County Dublin's land area. Fingal is also perhaps the flattest region in Ireland, with the low-lying [[Naul Hills]] rising to a maximum height of just {{convert|176|m|ft}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fingalcoco.ie/minutes/meeting_doc.aspx?id=20716|title=Fingal County Council, 2002|access-date=27 November 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722161412/http://www.fingalcoco.ie/minutes/meeting_doc.aspx?id=20716|archive-date=22 July 2011}}</ref>

Dublin is bounded to the south by the [[Wicklow Mountains]]. Where the mountains extend into County Dublin, they are known locally as the Dublin Mountains (''Sléibhte Bhaile Átha Cliath''). [[Kippure]], on the Dublin–Wicklow border, is the county's highest mountain, at {{convert|757|m|ft}} above sea level. Crossed by the [[Dublin Mountains Way]], they are a popular amenity area, with [[Two Rock]], [[Three Rock]], [[Tibradden]], [[Ticknock]], [[Montpelier Hill]], and [[Glenasmole]] being among the most heavily foot-falled hiking destinations in Ireland. Forest cover extends to over {{convert|6,000|ha|acre}} within the county, nearly all of which is located in the Dublin Mountains. With just 6.5% of Dublin under forest, it is the 6th least forested county in Ireland.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.agriculture.gov.ie/media/migration/forestry/forestservicegeneralinformation/MainFindings301018.pdf|title=National Forestry Inventory, Third Cycle 2017|work=DAFM|access-date=8 November 2020|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127111823/https://www.agriculture.gov.ie/media/migration/forestry/forestservicegeneralinformation/MainFindings301018.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

Much of the county is drained by its three major rivers – the [[River Liffey]], the [[River Tolka]] in north Dublin, and the [[River Dodder]] in south Dublin. The Liffey, at {{convert|132|km|mi}} in length, is the 8th longest river in Ireland, and rises near [[Tonduff]] in County Wicklow, reaching the Irish Sea at the [[Dublin Docklands]]. The Liffey cuts through the centre of Dublin city, and the resultant [[Northside, Dublin|Northside]]–[[Southside, Dublin|Southside]] divide is an often used social, economic and linguistic distinction. Notable inlets include the central [[Dublin Bay]], [[Rogerstown Estuary]], the estuary of the Broadmeadow and Killiney Bay, under [[Killiney Hill]]. Headlands include [[Howth Head]], [[Drumanagh]] and the Portraine Shore.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gsi.geodata.gov.ie/downloads/Geoheritage/Reports/DF001_Portraine_Shore.pdf|title=Portraine Shore – Fingal County Geological Site Report|work=Fingal County Council|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref> In terms of [[biodiversity]], these estuarine and coastal regions are home to a wealth ecologically important areas. County Dublin contains 11 [[European Union|EU]]-designated [[Special Area of Conservation|Special Areas of Conservation]] (SACs) and 11 [[Special Protection Area]]s (SPAs).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npws.ie/protected-sites|title=Protected Sites in Ireland|work=NPWS|access-date=8 November 2020|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108042254/https://www.npws.ie/protected-sites|url-status=live}}</ref>

The bedrock geology of Dublin consists primarily of [[Lower Carboniferous]] limestone, which underlies about two thirds of the entire county, stretching from Skerries to [[Booterstown]]. During the Lower Carboniferous (ca. 340 Mya), the area was part of a warm tropical sea inhabited by an abundance of [[corals]], [[crinoids]] and [[brachiopods]]. The oldest rocks in Dublin are the [[Cambrian]] shales located on Howth Head, which were laid down ca. 500 Mya. Disruption following the closure of the [[Iapetus Ocean]] approximately 400 [[Geologic time scale|Mya]] resulted in the formation of [[granite]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gsi.ie/documents/Geoschol_Dublin_Geology.pdf|title=Geology of County Dublin|work=geoschol|access-date=8 November 2020|archive-date=15 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115060015/https://www.gsi.ie/documents/Geoschol_Dublin_Geology.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> This is now exposed at the surface from the Dublin Mountains to the coastal areas of Dún Laoghaire. 19th-century [[Lead]] extraction and smelting at the [[Ballycorus Leadmines]] caused widespread [[lead poisoning]], and the area was once nicknamed "Death Valley".<ref>Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council, p. 10.</ref>

===Climate===
[[File:IMG Kippure0232w.jpg|thumb|left|At an elevation of {{convert|757|m|ft|abbr=off}}, [[Kippure]] is the highest point in the county]]
[[File:Sandycove, Summer 2013.jpg|thumb|right|Summertime bathers at [[Sandycove]]]]
[[File:Snow in Killiney, Dublin (2010).jpg|thumb|right|December snow at [[Killiney]]]]
Dublin is in a maritime [[temperate]] [[oceanic climate|oceanic]] region according to [[Köppen climate classification]]. Its climate is characterised by cool winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. [[Met Éireann]] have a number of weather stations in the county, with its two primary stations at [[Dublin Airport]] and [[Casement Aerodrome]].

Annual temperatures typically fall within a narrow range. In [[Merrion Square]], the coldest month is February, with an average minimum temperature of {{convert|4.1|C|F|abbr=on}}, and the warmest month is July, with an average maximum temperature of {{convert|20.1|C|F|abbr=on}}. Due to the [[urban heat island]] effect, Dublin city has the warmest summertime nights in Ireland. The average minimum temperature at Merrion Square in July is {{convert|13.5|C|F|abbr=on}}, similar to [[London]] and [[Berlin]], and the lowest July temperature ever recorded at the station was {{convert|7.8|C|F|abbr=on}} on 3 July 1974.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.met.ie/climate/available-data/historical-data|title=Historical Data: DUBLIN (MERRION SQUARE) – Station No. 3923|publisher=Met Éireann|access-date=9 June 2022|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195529/https://www.met.ie/climate/available-data/historical-data|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/mapserver/climatology.php#bottom|title=Climatological Information for Merrion Square, Ireland|publisher=European Climate Assessment & Dataset|access-date=8 November 2020|archive-date=30 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830134927/http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/mapserver/climatology.php#bottom|url-status=live}}</ref> At Dublin Airport, the driest month is February with {{convert|48.8|mm|0|abbr=on}} of rainfall, and the wettest month is November, with {{convert|79.0|mm|0|abbr=on}} of rain on average.

As the prevailing wind direction in Ireland is from the south and west, the Wicklow Mountains create a [[rain shadow]] over much of the county. Dublin's sheltered location makes it the driest place in Ireland, receiving only about half the rainfall of the west coast. [[Ringsend]] in the south of Dublin city records the lowest rainfall in the country, with an average annual precipitation of {{convert|683|mm|0|abbr=on}}. The wettest area of the county is the [[Glenasmole|Glenasmole Valley]], which receives {{convert|1,159|mm|0|abbr=on}} of rainfall per year. As a temperate coastal county, snow is relatively uncommon in lowland areas; however, Dublin is particularly vulnerable to heavy snowfall on rare occasions where cold, dry easterly winds dominate during the winter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp |title=Temperature – Climate |publisher=Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online |date=2 January 1979 |access-date=20 August 2010 |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107003129/https://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp%20 |url-status=live }}</ref>

During the late summer and early autumn, Dublin can experience Atlantic storms, which bring strong winds and torrential rain to Ireland. Dublin was the county worst-affected by [[Hurricane Charley (1986)|Hurricane Charley]] in 1986. It caused severe flooding, especially along the River Dodder, and is reputed to be the worst flood event in Dublin's history. Rainfall records were shattered across the county. Kippure recorded {{convert|280|mm|0|abbr=on}} of rain over a 24-hour period, the greatest daily rainfall total ever recorded in Ireland. The government allocated [[Irish pound|IR£]]6,449,000 (equivalent to US$20.5 million in 2020) to repair the damage wrought by Charley.<ref>{{cite web|date=8 March 1990 |title=Storm and Flood Damage: Motion – Seanad Éireann |publisher=Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas |access-date=26 October 2008 |url=http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/S/0124/S.0124.199003080005.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607120811/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/S/0124/S.0124.199003080005.html |archive-date=7 June 2011 }}</ref> The two reservoirs at Bohernabreena in the Dublin Mountains were upgraded in 2006 after a study into the impact of Hurricane Charley concluded that a slightly larger storm would have caused the reservoir dams to burst, which would have resulted in catastrophic damage and significant loss of life.

===Offshore islands===
In contrast with the [[Wild Atlantic Way|Atlantic Coast]], the east coast of Ireland has relatively few islands. County Dublin has one of the highest concentrations of islands on the Irish east coast. Colt Island, St. Patrick's Island, Shenick Island and numerous smaller [[islets]] are clustered off the coast of Skerries, and are collectively known as the "Skerries Islands Natural Heritage Area". Further out lies [[Rockabill]], which is Dublin's most isolated island, at about {{convert|6|km|mi}} offshore. [[Lambay Island]], at {{convert|250|ha|acre}}, is the largest island off Ireland's east coast and the easternmost point of County Dublin. Lambay supports one of the largest seabird colonies in Ireland and, curiously, also supports a population of non-native [[Red-necked wallaby|Red-necked wallabies]].<ref>{{cite web |title=East coast – Knockbane (Hill), Lambay Island |url=https://mountainviews.ie/summit/1370/ |website=MountainViews.ie |access-date=3 June 2020 |quote=Height: 126m OS 1:50k Mapsheet: 43 Grid Reference: O31600 51000 |archive-date=3 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603091908/https://mountainviews.ie/summit/1370/ |url-status=live }}</ref> To the south of Lambay lies a smaller island known as [[Ireland's Eye]] – the result of a mistranslation of the island's Irish name by invading [[Vikings]].

[[Bull Island]] is a man-made island lying roughly parallel to the shoreline which began to form following the construction of the [[Bull Wall]] in 1825. The island is still growing and is currently {{convert|5|km|mi}} long and {{convert|0.8|km|mi}} wide. In 1981, North Bull Island (''Oileán an Tairbh Thuaidh'') was designated as a [[UNESCO]] biosphere.<ref>{{Cite web|title=North Bull Island|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/406|access-date=25 April 2018|archive-date=24 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524082454/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/406|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{Gallery
| title        = 
| align        = center
| footer       =
| style        =
| state        =
| height       =
| width        = 145
| captionstyle =
| File:IMGDollymountStrand 3649w.JPG
 | alt1=
 |{{center|[[Bull Island]]}}
|File:Beach on Ireland's Eye (42046045192).jpg
 | alt2=
 |{{center|[[Ireland's Eye]]}}
| File:Lambay Island - Reachrainn - geograph.org.uk - 1350641.jpg
 | alt3=
 |{{center|[[Lambay Island]]}}
| File:Skerries Lighthouse.jpg
 | alt4=
 | {{center|[[Rockabill|Rockabill Island]]}}
| File:Skerries Islands Dublin.jpg
 | alt5=
 | {{center|[[Skerries, County Dublin|Skerries Islands]]}}
}}

===Subdivisions===
[[File:EircodeDublin.svg|thumb|Dublin's postal subdivisions after the implementation of [[Eircode]]s. They include the city's historic postal districts and the newer A and K Dublin codes. ]]
[[File:IrelandBaronies1899Map (Dublin cropped).png|thumb|upright|The baronies of County Dublin]]
{{Main|List of subdivisions of County Dublin}}
{{See also|List of Dublin postal districts}}

For statistical purposes at European level, the county as a whole forms the Dublin Region – a [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS III]] entity – which is in turn part of the [[Eastern and Midland Region]], a NUTS II entity. Each of the local authorities have representatives on the Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly.

====Baronies====
{{See also|List of baronies of Ireland}}
There are ten historic [[Barony (Ireland)|baronies]] in the county.<ref>[https://www.logainm.ie/en/s?txt=in:100002&cat=BAR Placenames Database of Ireland] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121202131/https://www.logainm.ie/en/s?txt=in:100002&cat=BAR |date=21 January 2021 }} – Baronies.</ref> While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they ceased to have any administrative function following the [[Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898|Local Government Act 1898]], and any changes to county boundaries after the mid-19th century are not reflected in their extent. The last boundary change of a barony in Dublin was in 1842, when the barony of Balrothery was divided into Balrothery East and Balrothery West. The largest recorded barony in Dublin in 1872 was Uppercross, at {{convert|39,032|acre|km2}}, and the smallest barony was Dublin, at {{convert|1,693|acre|km2}}.
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible nowrap" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: right; display:inline-table"
|+ '''Historic baronies of County Dublin'''
|-
! Barony !! Irish name !! Area<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.townlands.ie/dublin/|title=Townlands in Co. Dublin|work=townlands.ie|access-date=29 June 2021|archive-date=29 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629075701/https://www.townlands.ie/dublin/|url-status=live}}</ref><br /><small>(acres)</small><br />
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Balrothery East]] || ''Baile an Ridire Thoir'' || 30,229
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Balrothery West]] || ''Baile an Ridire Thiar'' || 24,818
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Castleknock (barony)|Castleknock]] || ''Caisleán Cnucha'' || 22,911
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |[[Coolock (barony)|Coolock]] || ''An Chúlóg'' || 29,664
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dublin (barony)|Dublin]] || ''Baile Átha Cliath'' || 1,693
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Dublin|Dublin City]] || ''Cathair Baile Átha Cliath'' || 3,736
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Nethercross]] || ''An Chrois Íochtarach'' || 22,616
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Newcastle (County Dublin barony)|Newcastle]] || ''An Caisleán Nua'' || 21,238
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rathdown (County Dublin barony)|Rathdown]] || ''Ráth an Dúin'' || 29,974
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Uppercross]]|| ''An Chrois Uachtarach'' || 39,032
|}

====Townlands====
[[File:Three Rock Mountain Southern Tor.jpg|thumb|Summit of [[Three Rock Mountain|Three Rock]] in the [[Dublin Mountains Way|Dublin Mountains]], within the townland of [[Ticknock]]]]
{{main|List of townlands of County Dublin}}
Townlands are the smallest officially defined geographical divisions in Ireland. There are 1,090 townlands in Dublin, of which 88 are historic town boundaries. These town boundaries are registered as their own townlands and are much larger than rural townlands. The smallest rural townlands in Dublin are just 1 acre in size, most of which are offshore islands (''Clare Rock Island, Lamb Island, Maiden Rock, Muglins, Thulla Island''). The largest rural townland in Dublin is 2,797 acres (''Caastlekelly''). The average size of a townland in the county (excluding towns) is 205 acres.

====Towns and suburbs====
{{main|List of towns and villages in County Dublin}}

====Urban and rural districts====
Under the [[Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898]], County Dublin was divided into [[urban and rural districts (Ireland)|urban districts]] of [[Blackrock, Dublin|Blackrock]], [[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], [[Dalkey]], [[Drumcondra, Clonliffe and Glasnevin]], [[Killiney and Ballybrack]], [[Dún Laoghaire|Kingstown]], [[New Kilmainham]], [[Pembroke, Dublin|Pembroke]], and [[Rathmines and Rathgar]], and the [[rural district (Ireland)|rural districts]] of [[Balrothery]], Celbridge No. 2, North Dublin, [[Rathdown (County Dublin barony)|Rathdown]], and South Dublin.<ref>{{cite book |last=Clancy |first=John Joseph|author-link=J. J. Clancy (North Dublin MP)|title=A handbook of local government in Ireland: containing an explanatory introduction to the Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1898: together with the text of the act, the orders in Council, and the rules made thereunder relating to county council, rural district council, and guardian's elections: with an index|url=https://archive.org/details/handbookoflocalg00clan/page/427/mode/2up |page=427 |year=1899|publisher=Sealy, Bryers and Walker|location=Dublin }}</ref>

Howth, formerly within the rural district of Dublin North, became an urban district in 1919.<ref>{{cite web |title=1926 Census: Table 9: Population, Area and Valuation of urban and rural districts and of all towns with a population of 1,500 inhabitants or over, showing particulars of town and village population and of the number of persons per 100 acres |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/census/census1926results/volume1/C_1926_V1_T9.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427074421/http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/census/census1926results/volume1/C_1926_V1_T9.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-27 |url-status=live |publisher=Central Statistics Office |pages=20–21 |access-date=28 September 2022}}</ref> Kingstown was renamed Dún Laoghaire in 1920.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-07|title=What's in a name? Dun Leary – Kingstown – Dún Laoghaire|url=https://www.dlrcoco.ie/en/news/general-news/what%E2%80%99s-name-dun-leary-%E2%80%93-kingstown-%E2%80%93-d%C3%BAn-laoghaire|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127034536/https://www.dlrcoco.ie/en/news/general-news/what%E2%80%99s-name-dun-leary-%E2%80%93-kingstown-%E2%80%93-d%C3%BAn-laoghaire|archive-date=2021-01-27|access-date=2021-05-29|website=Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council|language=en}}</ref> The rural districts were abolished in 1930.<ref>{{cite ISB|title=[[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930]]|section=82|stitle=Abolition of rural district councils in the County|year=1930|num=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}</ref>

[[Balbriggan]], in the rural district of Balrothery, had [[town commissioners]] under the Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act 1854. This became a town council in 2002.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2001|num=37|title=[[Local Government Act 2001]]|schedno=6|stitle=Local Government Areas (Towns)|date=21 July 2001|access-date=3 August 2022}}</ref> In common with all town councils, it was abolished in 2014.

The urban districts were gradually absorbed by the city of Dublin, except for four coastal districts of Blackrock, Dalkey, Dún Laoghaire, and Killiney and Ballybrack, which formed the [[borough of Dún Laoghaire]] in 1930.<ref>{{cite ISB|title=Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930|section=3|stitle= Formation of the Borough of Dun Laoghaire|year=1930|num=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}</ref>

====County boundaries====
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Changes to county boundaries
|-
! Year !! Changes
|-
| 1900 || Abolition of the urban districts of [[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], [[Drumcondra, Clonliffe and Glasnevin]] and [[New Kilmainham]] and transfer with the surrounding areas to the city<ref>[[Dublin Corporation Act 1900]] ([[63 & 64 Vict.]] c. cclxiv)</ref>
|-
| 1930 || Abolition of the urban districts of [[Pembroke, Dublin|Pembroke]] and [[Rathmines and Rathgar]], and transfer to the city<ref>{{cite ISB|title=[[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930]]|section=2|stitle=Inclusion of certain urban districts in the city|year=1930|num=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}</ref>
|-
| 1931 || Transfer of Drumcondra, Glasnevin, Donnybrook and Terenure to the city<ref>{{cite ISB|title=Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930|section=17|stitle=Inclusion of certain rural areas in the City|year=1930|num=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}; {{cite ISB|title=Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930|schedno=1|stitle=Added rural area|year=1930|num=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}</ref>
|-
| 1941 || Transfer of Crumlin to the city<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1941|type=prv|num=1|title=Local Government and Public Health Provisional Order Confirmation Act 1941|date=17 July 1941}}</ref>
|-
| 1942 || Abolition of the urban district of [[Howth]], and transfer to the city<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1940|number=21|name=Local Government (Dublin) (Amendment) Act 1940|section=4|stitle=Inclusion of Howth urban district in Dublin city|date=10 July 1940}}; {{cite ISB|year=1942|type=si|number=372|name=Local Government (Dublin) (Amendment) Act 1940 (Appointed Day) Order 1942|date=20 August 1942}}</ref>
|-
| 1953 || Transfer of Finglas, Coolock and Ballyfermot to the city<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1953|type=prv|num=1|title=Local Government Provisional Order Confirmation Act 1953|date=28 March 1953|schedule=y |access-date=13 September 2013 |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107002751/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1953/en/act/prv/0001/print.html%20 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 1985 || Transfer of Santry and Phoenix Park to the city<br />transfer of Howth, Sutton and parts of Kilbarrack including Bayside from the city<ref>{{cite ISB|section=10|year=1985|num=7|stitle=Alteration of boundaries of Dublin City and County|title=Local Government (Reorganisation) Act 1985|date=3 April 1985|access-date=17 August 2021}}; {{cite ISB|type=si|year=1985|num=129|title=Local Government (Reorganisation) Act (Commencement) (No. 2) Order 1985|date=8 May 1985|access-date=17 August 2021}}</ref>
|-
| 1994 || Abolition of County Dublin and the borough of Dún Laoghaire on the establishment of new counties
|}

====Counties and the city====
[[File:Co-Dublin-COA.jpg|thumb|right|Remnant of the county's historic [[Armorial of Ireland#Counties|coat of arms]] on [[Parnell Square]]]]
[[File:Map of the Dublin Region2.PNG|thumb|right|The Dublin Region: 1. [[Dublin|Dublin City]]; 2. [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]]; 3. [[Fingal]]; 4. [[South Dublin]].]]
The city of [[Dublin]] had been administered separately since the 13th century. Under the [[Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898]], the two areas were defined as the administrative county of Dublin and the county borough of Dublin, with the latter in the city area.

In 1985, County Dublin was divided into three electoral counties: Dublin–Belgard to the southwest (South Dublin from 1991), Dublin–Fingal to the north (Fingal from 1991), and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown to the southeast.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1985|num=7|section=12|stitle=Establishment of Dublin Electoral Counties|title=Local Government (Reorganisation) Act 1985|date=3 April 1985|access-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605130709/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1985/en/act/pub/0007/sec0012.html |archive-date=5 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite ISB|type=si|year=1985|num=133|title=Dublin Electoral Counties Order 1985|date=10 May 1985|access-date=13 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111023846/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1985/en/si/0133.html |archive-date=11 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite ISB|year=1991|num=11|section=26|stitle=Amendment of Local Government (Reorganisation) Act 1985|title=Local Government Act 1991 |date=18 May 1991|access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref>

On 1 January 1994, under the [[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993]], the County Dublin ceased to exist as a local government area, and was succeeded by the counties of [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]], [[Fingal]] and [[South Dublin]], each coterminous (with minor boundary adjustments) with the area of the corresponding electoral county.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1993|num=31|title=[[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993]]|section=9}}</ref><ref>{{cite ISB|year=1993|num=31|section=2|title=[[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605192657/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1993/en/act/pub/0031/print.html |archive-date=5 June 2011|quote='the county', in relation to any time before the establishment day, means the administrative county of Dublin.}}</ref> In discussing the legislation, [[Avril Doyle]] [[Teachta Dála|TD]] said, "The Bill before us today effectively abolishes County Dublin, and as one born and bred in these parts of Ireland I find it rather strange that we in this House are abolishing County Dublin. I am not sure whether Dubliners realise that that is what we are about today, but in effect that is the case."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1993-11-03/speech/62/|title=Local Government (Dublin) Bill, 1993: Second Stage|date=3 November 1993|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050319103229/http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0435/D.0435.199311030007.html |archive-date=19 March 2005 }}</ref>

Although the [[Electoral Commission (Ireland)|Electoral Commission]] should, as far as practicable, avoid breaching county boundaries when recommending [[Dáil constituencies]], this does not include the boundaries of a city or the boundary between the three counties in Dublin.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2022|num=30|section=57|stitle=Constituency review reports|title=[[Electoral Reform Act 2022]]|date=25 July 2022|access-date=4 September 2023}}</ref> There is also still a [[sheriff#Republic of Ireland|sheriff]] appointed for County Dublin.<ref>{{cite press release |last1=Nick |first1=Callan |title=Government makes appointments to Sheriff posts |url=https://merrionstreet.ie/en/News-Room/Releases/Government_makes_appointments_to_Sheriff_posts.html |website=merrionstreet.ie |access-date=11 July 2019 |language=en |date=30 November 2018 |archive-date=11 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711165847/https://merrionstreet.ie/en/News-Room/Releases/Government_makes_appointments_to_Sheriff_posts.html |url-status=live }};
{{cite web |last1=Hyland |first1=Paul |title=Explainer: Who and what are Ireland's sheriffs? |url=https://www.thejournal.ie/explainer-irelands-sheriffs-541570-Aug2012/ |website=TheJournal.ie |access-date=11 July 2019 |language=en |date=5 August 2012 |archive-date=11 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711155747/https://www.thejournal.ie/explainer-irelands-sheriffs-541570-Aug2012/ |url-status=live }};
{{cite web |title=Role of County Registrar |url=http://www.courts.ie/offices.nsf/0/8980B57008F0A15E802573D0006849DF?OpenDocument |publisher=Courts Service of Ireland |access-date=11 July 2019 |archive-date=1 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701153012/http://www.courts.ie/offices.nsf/0/8980B57008F0A15E802573D0006849DF?OpenDocument |url-status=live }};
{{cite news |last1=Sheehan |first1=Maeve |title=Good, bad and ugly side of being the city's sheriff |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/good-bad-and-ugly-side-of-being-the-citys-sheriff-29859088.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=Sunday Independent |date=22 December 2013 |language=en |archive-date=11 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711165843/https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/good-bad-and-ugly-side-of-being-the-citys-sheriff-29859088.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The term "County Dublin" is still in common usage. Many organisations and sporting teams continue to organise on a County Dublin basis. The Placenames Branch of the [[Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media]] maintains a [[Placenames Database of Ireland|Placenames Database]] that records all placenames, past and present.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.logainm.ie/en/inf/coiste|website=Logainm.ie|title=The Placenames Committee|access-date=14 January 2022|archive-date=15 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115062637/https://www.logainm.ie/en/inf/coiste|url-status=live}}</ref> County Dublin is listed in the database along with the subdivisions of that county.<ref>{{cite web |title=Baile Átha Cliath/Dublin |url=https://www.logainm.ie/en/100002 |website=Logainm |publisher=[[Government of Ireland]] |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114120638/https://www.logainm.ie/en/100002 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite ISB|title=Placenames (Provinces and Counties) Order 2003 |year=2003|date=30 October 2003|type=si|num=519|lang=Irish |access-date=21 December 2019 |archive-date=18 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118214710/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/si/519/made/ga/print |url-status=live }}</ref> It is also used as an address for areas within Dublin outside of the [[List of Dublin postal districts|Dublin postal district system]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Contact Us |url=https://www.fingal.ie/contact-us |website=Fingal County Council |access-date=23 January 2022 |archive-date=23 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123141329/https://www.fingal.ie/contact-us |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Contact Us |url=https://www.dlrcoco.ie/en/contact-us |website=Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council |access-date=23 January 2022 |archive-date=23 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123141338/https://www.dlrcoco.ie/en/contact-us |url-status=live }}</ref>

For a period in 2020 during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland|COVID-19 pandemic]], to reduce person-to-person contact, government regulations restricted activity to "within the county in which the relevant residence is situated". Within the regulations, the local government areas of "Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal, South Dublin and Dublin City" were deemed to be a single county (as were the city and the county of Cork, and the city and the county of Galway).<ref>{{cite ISB|title=Health Act 1947 (Section 31A – Temporary Restrictions) (Covid-19) (No. 2) Regulations 2020|year=2020|type=si|num=206|date=8 June 2020|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref>

The latest [[Ordnance Survey Ireland]] "Discovery Series" (Third Edition 2005) 1:50,000 map of the Dublin Region, Sheet 50, shows the boundaries of the city and three surrounding counties of the region. Extremities of the Dublin Region, in the north and south of the region, appear in other sheets of the series, 43 and 56 respectively.

==Local government==
{{further|Local government in Dublin}}
[[File:County Hall, Dun Laoghaire - 2018.jpg|thumb|right|[[County Hall, Dún Laoghaire|County Hall]], [[Dún Laoghaire]], one of the four local assembly buildings of County Dublin]]
There are four [[Local government|local authorities]] whose remit collectively encompasses the geographic area of the county and city of Dublin. These are [[Dublin City Council]], [[South Dublin County Council]], [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council]] and [[Fingal County Council]].

Until 1 January 1994, the administrative county of Dublin was administered by [[Dublin County Council]]. From that date, its functions were succeeded by Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council, Fingal County Council and South Dublin County Council, each with its [[county town|county seat]], respectively administering the new counties established on that date.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1993|num=31|title=[[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993]]|section=11|stitle=Establishment of councils of administrative counties|quote=(1) On the establishment day a council shall stand established in each of the administrative counties established by section 9 and each such council shall consist of a cathaoirleach and councillors|date=21 December 1993|access-date=8 January 2022 }}</ref>

The city was previously designated a county borough and administered by [[Dublin Corporation]]. Under the [[Local Government Act 2001]], the country was divided into local government areas of cities and counties, with the county borough of Dublin being designated a city for all purposes, now administered by [[Dublin City Council]]. Each [[Local government in the Republic of Ireland|local authority]] is responsible for certain local [[Public services|services]] such as sanitation, planning and development, libraries, the collection of motor taxation, local roads and [[social housing]].

Dublin, comprising the four local government areas in the county, is a strategic planning area within the [[Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly]] (EMRA).<ref>{{cite web |title=The Regional Assemblies and the Eastern and Midland Region |url=https://emra.ie/regional-spatial-and-economic-strategies-2/ |website=Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly |access-date=22 January 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124113758/https://emra.ie/regional-spatial-and-economic-strategies-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite ISB|year=2014|type=si|num=573|title=Local Government Act 1991 (Regional Assemblies) (Establishment) Order 2014|date=16 December 2014|access-date=18 March 2022}}</ref> It is a [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS]] Level III [[NUTS statistical regions of Ireland|region of Ireland]]. The region is one of eight regions of Ireland for [[Eurostat]] statistics at NUTS 3 level.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ireo.eu/|title=Home Page|website=Irish Regions European Office|access-date=23 June 2019|archive-date=24 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524221622/https://www.ireo.eu/|url-status=live}}</ref> Its NUTS code is IE061.

This area formerly came under the remit of the Dublin Regional Authority.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1993|type=si|num=394|title=Local Government Act 1991 (Regional Authorities) (Establishment) Order 1993|date=20 December 1993|access-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211080238/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/ZZSI394Y1993.html|archive-date=11 February 2007}}</ref> This Authority was dissolved in 2014.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2014|type=si|num=228|title=Local Government Act 1991 (Regional Authorities) (Amendment) Order 2014|date=29 May 2014|access-date=19 January 2022}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable style="margin:auto; border-collapse:collapse;"
|-
!
! [[Dublin|Dublin City]]
! [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]]
! [[Fingal]]
! [[South Dublin]]
|-
! Coat of arms
| style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Coat of Arms of Dublin, Ireland.png|85px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown COA.svg|60px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Fingal Coat of Arms.png|67px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[File:South Dublin Coat of Arms.png|62px]]
|-
! Motto
| style="text-align: center;" | {{langx|la|Obedientia Civium Urbis Felicitas}}<br />"An Obedient Citizenry <br /> Produces a Happy City"
| style="text-align: center;" | {{langx|ga|Ó Chuan go Sliabh}}<br />"From Harbour to Mountain"
| style="text-align: center;" | {{langx|ga|Flúirse Talaimh is Mara}}<br />"Abundance of Land and Sea"
| style="text-align: center;" | {{langx|ga|Ag Seo Ár gCúram}}<br />"This We Hold in Trust"
|-
! County town
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dublin]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dún Laoghaire]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Swords, County Dublin|Swords]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Tallaght]]
|-
! Dáil constituencies
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dublin Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Central]]<br />[[Dublin Bay North (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay North]]<br />[[Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay South]]<br />[[Dublin North-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North-West]]<br />[[Dublin South-Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-Central]]<br />[[Dublin West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin West]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dún Laoghaire (Dáil constituency)|Dún Laoghaire]] <br /> [[Dublin Rathdown (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Rathdown]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dublin Bay North (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay North]] <br /> [[Dublin Fingal (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Fingal]] <br /> [[Dublin North-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North-West]] <br /> [[Dublin West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin West]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dublin Mid-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Mid-West]]<br />[[Dublin South-Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-Central]]<br />[[Dublin South-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-West]]
|-
! Local authority
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dublin City Council]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council|Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown <br /> County Council]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Fingal County Council]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[South Dublin County Council]]
|-
! Council Seats
| style="text-align: center;" | 63
| style="text-align: center;" | 40
| style="text-align: center;" | 40
| style="text-align: center;" | 40
|-
! Chairperson
| style="text-align: center;" | [[James Geoghegan (Fine Gael politician)|James Geoghegan]] <br /> (''[[Lord Mayor of Dublin|Lord Mayor]]'')
| style="text-align: center;" | Jim O'Leary <br /> (''[[Cathaoirleach (local government)|Cathaoirleach]]'')
| style="text-align: center;" | Brian McDonagh <br /> (''[[Mayor]]'')
| style="text-align: center;" | Baby Pereppadan <br /> (''Mayor'')
|-
! EMRA Seats
| style="text-align: center;" | 7
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
|-
! Population (2022)
| style="text-align: center;" | 592,713
| style="text-align: center;" | 233,860
| style="text-align: center;" | 330,506
| style="text-align: center;" | 301,705	
|-
! Increase since 2016
| style="text-align: center;" | {{increase}} 6.1%
| style="text-align: center;" | {{increase}} 7.1%
| style="text-align: center;" | {{increase}} 11.2%
| style="text-align: center;" | {{increase}} 7.5%
|-
! Area
| style="text-align: center;" | {{convert|118|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Dublin City Profile |website=Maynooth University |publisher=Dublin City Development Board |date=1 January 2002 |url=https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/sites/default/files/assets/document/WPS15JW%2CJBandCMannion_0_1.pdf |access-date=6 November 2020 |archive-date=4 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104025722/https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/sites/default/files/assets/document/WPS15JW%2CJBandCMannion_0_1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
| style="text-align: center;" | {{convert|126|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/sites/default/files/assets/document/WPS16JW%2CJB%2CCM%2CDLRCProfile_0.pdf|title=Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Progile|work=Maynooth University|access-date=6 November 2020|archive-date=4 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104025711/https://www.maynoothuniversity.ie/sites/default/files/assets/document/WPS16JW%2CJB%2CCM%2CDLRCProfile_0.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align: center;" | {{convert|456|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dublinclimatechange.codema.ie/f/50477/x/56970caeee/2019_fcc-climate-change-action-plan-adaptation-baseline.pdf|title=Fingal Climate Change Adaptation Plan|work=Fingal County Council|access-date=6 November 2020|archive-date=17 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117212227/https://dublinclimatechange.codema.ie/f/50477/x/56970caeee/2019_fcc-climate-change-action-plan-adaptation-baseline.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align: center;" | {{convert|223|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sdcc.ie/en/services/our-council/about-us/|title=About Us – SDCC|work=South Dublin County Council|access-date=6 November 2020|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111030755/https://www.sdcc.ie/en/services/our-council/about-us/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
! Density
| style="text-align: center;" | 5,032/km<sup>2</sup>
| style="text-align: center;" | 1,859/km<sup>2</sup>
| style="text-align: center;" | 725/km<sup>2</sup>
| style="text-align: center;" | 1,355/km<sup>2</sup>
|-
! Highest elevation
| style="text-align: center;" | N/A
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Two Rock]] <br /> {{convert|536|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Naul Hills|Knockbrack]] <br /> {{convert|176|m|ft|abbr=on}} 
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Kippure]] <br /> {{convert|757|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
! Website
| style="text-align: center;" | {{URL|dublincity.ie}}
| style="text-align: center;" | {{URL|dlrcoco.ie}}
| style="text-align: center;" | {{URL|fingal.ie}}
| style="text-align: center;" | {{URL|sdcc.ie}}
|}

==Demographics==

===Population===
{{Historical populations
|state=collapsed
|1500|14755
|1510|23471
|1550|21678
|1580|20345
|1585|20224
|1600|24556
|1610|12567
|1653|18847
|1659|21827
|1672|55678
|1680|101414
|1690|145219
|1700|161234
|1710|173690
|1720|205111
|1725|212670
|1735|209785
|1745|217666
|1755|235799
|1765|244103
|1771|255297
|1775|271475
|1781|285799
|1788|291433
|1790|297644
|1801|300345
|1811|305766
|1813|311798
|1816|318760
|1821|335892
|1831|380167
|1841|372773
|1851|405147
|1861|410252
|1871|405262
|1881|418910
|1891|419216
|1901|448206
|1911|477196
|1926|505654
|1936|586925
|1946|636193
|1951|693022
|1956|705781
|1961|718332
|1966|795047
|1971|852219
|1979|983683
|1981|1003164
|1986|1021449
|1991|1025304
|1996|1058264
|2002|1122821
|2006|1187176
|2011|1270603
|2016|1345402
|2022|1458154
||footnote=<ref>For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy 14 March 1865.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cso.ie/census |title=Census for post 1821 figures |access-date=20 February 2005 |archive-date=20 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920090814/http://cso.ie/census |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.histpop.org |title=Histpop – The Online Historical Population Reports Website homepage |access-date=4 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507023856/http://www.histpop.org/ |archive-date=7 May 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |title=Northern Ireland Census of Population |publisher=NISRA |access-date=4 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217095720/http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |archive-date=17 February 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Lee |first=J. J. |author-link=J. J. Lee (historian) |editor-last=Goldstrom |editor-first=J. M. |editor2-last=Clarkson |editor2-first=L. A. |title=Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell |year=1981 |publisher=Clarendon Press |location=Oxford, England |chapter=On the accuracy of the [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Pre-famine]] Irish censuses}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mokyr |first1=Joel |last2=Ó Gráda |first2=Cormac |title=New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850 |journal=The Economic History Review |date=November 1984 |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=473–488 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x |url=https://researchrepository.ucd.ie/bitstream/10197/1406/1/wp83_17.pdf |hdl=10197/1406 |hdl-access=free |access-date=24 September 2019 |archive-date=24 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924160733/https://researchrepository.ucd.ie/bitstream/10197/1406/1/wp83_17.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

[[File:Cityscape At Sunset Dublin Ireland Cityscape Photography (179394129).jpeg|left|thumb|[[Dublin]] is the largest city in Ireland]]
[[File:County Dublin Population Density Map.png|thumb|left|Population density map of County Dublin]]
As of the [[2022 census of Ireland|2022 census]], the population of Dublin was 1,458,154, an 8.4% increase since the [[2016 census of Ireland|2016 Census]]. The county's population first surpassed 1&nbsp;million in 1981, and is projected to reach 1.8&nbsp;million by 2036.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublinchamber.ie/About-Us/Economic-Profile-of-Dublin|title=Economic Profile of Dublin – Demographics|work=Dublin Chamber of Commerce|access-date=27 July 2023|archive-date=|archive-url=}}</ref>

Dublin is Ireland's [[List of Irish counties by population|most populous county]], a position it has held since the 1926 Census, when it overtook [[County Antrim]]. As of 2022, County Dublin has over twice the population of County Antrim and two and a half times the population of [[County Cork]]. Approximately 21% of Ireland's population lives within County Dublin (28% if only the [[Republic of Ireland]] is counted). Additionally, Dublin has more people than the combined populations of Ireland's 16 smallest counties.

With an area of just {{convert|922|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}, Dublin is by far the most densely populated county in Ireland. The population density of the county is 1,582 people per square kilometre – over 7 times higher than Ireland's second most densely populated county, [[County Down]] in Northern Ireland.

During the [[Celtic Tiger]] period, a large number of Dublin natives (Dubliners) moved to the rapidly expanding commuter towns in the adjoining counties. As of 2022, approximately 27.2% (345,446) of Dubliners were living outside of County Dublin. People born within Dublin account for 28% of the population of [[County Meath|Meath]], 32% of [[County Kildare|Kildare]], and 37% of [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]]. There are 922,744 Dublin natives living within the county, accounting for 63.3% of the population. People born in other Irish counties living within Dublin account for roughly 11% of the population.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/|title=Census 2022 Profile 1 – Population Distribution and Movement F1034 – Population Usually Resident and Present in the State|work=CSO|access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref>

Between 2016 and 2022, international migration produced a net increase of 88,300 people. Dublin has the highest proportion of international residents of any county in Ireland, with around 25% of the county's population being born outside of the [[Republic of Ireland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie|title=Census 2022 Profile 1 – Population Distribution and Movement F1052 – Birthplace of Population Usually Resident and Present in the State|work=CSO|access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref>

As of the 2022 census, 5.6 percent of the county's population was reported as younger than 5 years old, 25.7 percent were between 5 and 25, 55.3 percent were between 25 and 65, and 13.4 percent of the population was older than 65. Of this latter group, 48,865 people (3.4 percent) were over the age of 80, more than doubling since 2016. Across all age groups, there were slightly more females (51.06 percent) than males (48.94 percent).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/table/F1020|title=F1020 – Population|work=CSO|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref>

In 2021, there were 16,596 births within the county, and the average age of a first time mother was 31.9.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://statbank.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=VSA16&PLanguage=0|title=Births by County, Year and Statistic|work=CSO|access-date=3 November 2020|archive-date=14 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114182001/https://statbank.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=VSA16&PLanguage=0|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Migration===
[[File:Polish shop dublin.jpg|thumb|A Polish shop in Dublin]]
Over a quarter (25.2 percent) of County Dublin's population was born outside of the Republic of Ireland. In 2022, Dublin City had the highest percentage of non-nationals in the county (27.3 percent), and South Dublin had the lowest (20.9 percent).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/table/F10521|title=F1052 – Birthplace of Population Usually Resident and Present in the State|work=CSO|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref> Historically, the immigrant population of Dublin was mainly from the [[United Kingdom]] and other [[European Union]] member states. However, results from the 2022 census revealed that immigrants from non-EU/UK countries were the largest source of foreign-born residents for the first time, accounting for 12.9 percent of the county's population. Those from other [[European Union]] member states accounted for 8.3 percent of Dublin's population, and those from the [[United Kingdom]] a further 4.1 percent.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/table/SAP2022T2T1CTY|title=Usually Resident Population by Birthplace or Citizenship|work=CSO|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref>

Prior to the 2000s, the UK was consistently the largest single source of non-nationals living in Dublin. After declining in the previous two census periods, the number of UK-born residents living in Dublin increased by 5.8 percent between 2016 and 2022. There was a large difference between the number of people living in Dublin who were born in the UK (58,586) and those who held sole-UK citizenship in the 2022 census (22,936). This discrepancy can arise for a variety of factors, such as people born in Northern Ireland claiming [[Irish nationality law|Irish citizenship]] rather than UK citizenship, Irish people born in the UK who now live in Dublin, British people who have become [[Naturalization|natural]] citizens, and foreign residents of Dublin who were born in the UK but are not UK citizens. Depending on an individual's responses in the census, all of these examples could result in the country of birth being registered by the CSO as the United Kingdom, but nationality being registered as Irish or a third country.

Following its [[2004 enlargement of the European Union|accession to the EU]], the Polish quickly became the fastest growing immigrant community in Dublin. Just 188 Poles applied for Irish work permits in 1999. By 2006 this number had grown to 93,787.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcd.ie/sociology/assets/pdf/Polonia%20in%20Dublin%20Report%20I%5B1%5D.pdf|title=Polonia in Dublin|work=Trinity College Dublin|access-date=3 November 2020|archive-date=8 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108114555/https://www.tcd.ie/sociology/assets/pdf/Polonia%20in%20Dublin%20Report%20I%5B1%5D.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> After the [[Post-2008 Irish economic downturn|2008 Irish economic downturn]], as many as 3,000 Poles left Ireland each month. Despite this, Poles remain one of Dublin's largest foreign-born groups. In contrast to more recent arrivals, a large percentage of Dublin's Polish citizens (30.9 percent) also hold Irish citizenship.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Foreign citizenship by country, 2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/table/F5001|title=F5001 – Population Usually Resident and Present in the State|work=CSO|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
! Country
! {{flag|Romania}}
! {{flag|United Kingdom}}
! {{flag|Poland}} 
! {{flag|India}}
! {{flag|Brazil}}
! {{flag|United States}}
! {{flag|Italy}} 
! {{flag|Spain}}
! {{flag|France}}
! {{flag|China}}<small>{{refn|group=note|Includes [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]].}}</small>
|-
| Citizenship <br> <small>(country only)</small>
| 24,755
| 22,936
| 17,062
| 23,730
| 15,631
| 5,912
| 10,947
| 10,016
| 7,245
| 8,196
|-
| Citizenship <br> <small>(dual Irish–other country)</small>
| 3,485
| 4,803
| 7,627
| 210
| 810
| 7,926
| 962
| 945
| 1,216
| 234
|-
| Combined population (2022)
| 28,240
| 27,739
| 24,689
| 23,940
| 16,441
| 13,838
| 11,909
| 10,961
| 8,461
| 8,430
|}

Outside of Europe, [[Indian people|Indians]] and [[Brazilians]] are the predominant foreign-national groups. As of 2022, Indians were the fastest growing major immigrant group in Dublin, and they are now the county's second largest foreign-born group after the UK. Dublin's Indian community grew by 155.2 percent between 2016 and 2022. There were 29,582 Indian-born residents within Dublin as of 2022, up from 9,884 in the [[2011 census of Ireland|2011 census]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/define.asp?MainTable=E7050&ProductID=DB_E7&PLanguage=0&Tabstrip=&PXSId=0&SessID=7827795&FF=1&tfrequency=1 |title=Population Usually Resident and Present in the State 2011 to 2016 by Sex, Aggregate Town or Rural Area, Birthplace, County of Usual Residence and CensusYear – StatBank – data and statistics |website=CSO |access-date=2 May 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310010253/http://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/define.asp?MainTable=E7050&ProductID=DB_E7&PLanguage=0&Tabstrip=&PXSId=0&SessID=7827795&FF=1&tfrequency=1 |archive-date=10 March 2018 }}</ref> The influx of Indians is driven in part by multinational tech companies such as [[Microsoft]], [[Google]] and [[Meta Platforms|Meta]] who have located their European headquarters within the county, in areas such as the [[Silicon Docks]] and [[Sandyford]]. In August 2020, the first dedicated Hindu temple in Ireland was built in [[Walkinstown]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/hindu-temple-dublin-walkinstown-first-opens-5181995-Aug2020/|title=Ireland's first ever Hindu Temple opens today in Dublin|work=journal.ie|date=22 August 2020 |access-date=3 November 2020|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127150629/https://www.thejournal.ie/hindu-temple-dublin-walkinstown-first-opens-5181995-Aug2020/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The number of Brazilian citizens living in Dublin more than tripled between 2011 and 2022, from 4,641 to 16,441. This increase is mainly a result of Ireland's participation in the Brazilian government's ''[[Ciência sem Fronteiras]]'' programme, which sees thousands of Brazilian students come to study in Ireland each year, many of whom remain in the country afterwards.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/brazil-ireland-migration-tgip-5556258-Sep2021/|title=Brazilian migration into Ireland: 'There's a mutual compatibility with the Irish'|work=thejournal.ie|date=25 September 2021|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref>

Although not fully captured during the census period, Dublin also houses a significant number of [[Ukrainian refugee crisis (2022–present)|Ukrainian refugees]] under the [[Temporary Protection Directive]]. As of October 2023, the number of Ukrainians living in emergency accommodation within the county is estimated to be around 14,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.limerickleader.ie/news/national-news/1330675/revealed-number-of-ukrainian-refugees-living-in-ireland-approaches-100-000.html|title=REVEALED: Number of Ukrainian refugees living in Ireland approaches 100,000|work=limerickleader.ie|date=24 October 2023|access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref>

===Ethnicity===
According to the Central Statistics Office, in 2022 the population of County Dublin self-identified as:
* 80.4% White (68.0% White Irish, 12.0% Other White Background, 0.4% Irish Traveller)
* 5.8% [[Asian people|Asian]]
* 3.0% Mixed background
* 2.2% Black
* 8.5% Not stated

In terms of total numbers, Dublin has the largest non-white population in Ireland, with an estimated 158,653 residents, accounting for 11.1% of the county's population. Over two-fifths (42.2 percent) of Ireland's black residents live within the county. In terms of percentage of population, Fingal has the highest percentage of both black (3.6 percent) and non-white (12.4 percent) residents of any local authority in Ireland. Conversely, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown in the south of the county has one of Ireland's lowest percentages of black residents, with only 0.77% of the population identifying as black in 2022. Additionally, 43.3% of Ireland's [[Multiracial people|multiracial]] population lives within County Dublin. Those who did not state their ethnicity more than doubled between 2016 and 2022, from 4.1% to 8.5%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/table/SAP2022T2T2CTY |title=SAP2022T2T2CTY – Usually Resident Population by Ethnic or Cultural Background|work=CSO|access-date=25 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interactive Data Visualisations {{!}} CSO Ireland |url=https://visual.cso.ie/?body=entity/ima/cop/2022&boundary=C04160V04929&guid=52be0df1-c0d3-4a30-98c1-df9ada232158&theme=1 |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=visual.cso.ie}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{See also|List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland#County Dublin|l1=List of abbeys and priories in County Dublin}}
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Dublin (2022)
|titlebar=#ddd |left1=Religion |right1=Percent |float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Roman Catholicism]]|purple|57.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Irreligion|No religion]]|black|20.1}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Other Christian]]|dodgerblue|8.1}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|2.6}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|red|1.4}}
{{bar percent|Other stated religions|yellow|1.3}}
{{bar percent|Not stated|grey|9.1}}
}}

[[File:St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin (40282975540).jpg|thumb|left|[[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin|St Patrick's Cathedral]], founded in 1191]]
The largest [[religious denomination]] by both number of adherents and as a percentage of Dublin's population in 2022 was the Roman Catholic Church, at 57.4 percent. All other Christian denominations including [[Church of Ireland]], [[Eastern Orthodox]], [[Presbyterian]] and [[Methodist]] accounted for 8.1 percent of Dublin's population. Together, all denominations of Christianity accounted for 65.5 percent of the county's population. According to the 2022 census, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown is the least religious local authority in Ireland, with 23.9 percent of the population declaring themselves non-religious, followed closely by Dublin city (22.6 percent). In the county as a whole, those unaffiliated with any religion represented 20.1 percent of the population, which is the largest percentage of non-religious people of any county in Ireland. A further 9.1 percent of the population did not state their religion, up from just 4.1 percent in 2016.

Of the non-Christian religions, [[Islam]] is the largest in terms of number of adherents, with Muslims accounting for 2.6% of the population. After Islam, the largest non-Christian religions in 2022 were [[Hinduism]] (1.4 percent) and [[Buddhism]] (0.27 percent). While relatively small in absolute terms, County Dublin contains over half of Ireland's Hindu (58.7 percent) residents, and just under half of its Eastern Orthodox (45.3 percent), Islamic (45.0 percent) and Buddhist (41.7 percent) residents.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpsr/censusofpopulation2022-summaryresults/migrationanddiversity/|title=Census of Population 2022 – Summary Results: Migration and Diversity|work=CSO|date=30 May 2023 |access-date=27 July 2023|archive-date=|archive-url=}}</ref>

Dublin and its hinterland has been a Christian [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin|diocese]] since 1028. For centuries, the [[Primacy of Ireland]] was disputed between Dublin, the social and political capital of Ireland, and [[Armagh]], site of [[Saint Patrick]]'s main church, which was founded in 445 AD. In 1353 the dispute was settled by [[Pope Innocent VI]], who proclaimed that the [[archbishop of Dublin]] was ''Primate of Ireland'', while the [[archbishop of Armagh]] was titled ''Primate of All Ireland''. These two distinct titles were replicated in the Church of Ireland following the [[Reformation]]. Historically, County Dublin was the epicentre of [[Protestantism in Ireland]] outside of [[Ulster]]. Records from the [[1891 United Kingdom census|1891 census]] show that the county was 21.4 percent Protestant towards the end of the 19th century. By the 1911 census this had gradually declined to around 20% due to poor economic conditions, as Dublin Protestants moved to industrial [[Belfast]]. Following the [[Irish War of Independence|War of Independence]] (1919–1921), Dublin's Protestant community went into a steady decline, falling to 8.5 percent of the population by 1936.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://statbank.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=EY037&PLanguage=0|title=Population 1891 to 2016 by County, Religion, CensusYear and Statistic|work=CSO|access-date=3 November 2020|archive-date=17 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717043646/https://statbank.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=EY037&PLanguage=0|url-status=live}}</ref>

Between 2016 and 2022, the fastest-growing religions in Dublin were Hinduism (148.9 percent), Eastern Orthodox (51.6 percent), and Islam (27.9 percent), while the most rapidly declining religions were [[Evangelicalism]] (−10.4 percent), Catholicism (−8.7 percent), [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] (−5.9 percent) and Buddhism (−5.4 percent).

===Metropolitan area===

====Dublin city====
The boundaries of [[Dublin City Council]] form the urban core of the city, often referred to as "Dublin city centre", an area of 117.8 square kilometres. This encompasses the central suburbs of the city, extending as far south as [[Terenure]] and [[Donnybrook, Dublin|Donnybrook]]; as far north as [[Ballymun]] and [[Donaghmede]]; and as far west as [[Ballyfermot]]. As of 2022, there were 592,713 people living within Dublin city centre. However, as the continuous [[built-up area]] extends beyond the city boundaries, the term "Dublin city and suburbs" is commonly employed when referring to the actual extent of Dublin.

====Dublin city and suburbs====
[[File:Dublin City Boundaries 2020.png|thumb|Map of Greater Dublin's defined boundaries]]
Dublin city and suburbs is a CSO-designated urban area which includes the densely populated contiguous built-up area which surrounds Dublin city centre. As of the 2022 census, Dublin city and suburbs encompassed 345&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>, expanding in size by 8.7 percent (or 27.5&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) since the 2016 census. The population of Dublin city and suburbs grew from 1,173,179 in 2016 to 1,263,219 in 2022, an increase of 7.7 percent.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/|title=2022 Census – F1015 – Population|work=CSO|access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref>

Following the 2022 census, Dublin city and suburbs was designated a cross-county settlement for the first time, as the CSO included the Kribensis Manor housing development within the contiguous built-up area of the city. The houses are located in County Meath, along the [[R149 road (Ireland)|R149 road]] between Hilltown and the village of [[Clonee]].

Approximately 87% of County Dublin's population lives within Dublin city and suburbs as of the 2022 census. The remainder of the county covers roughly two thirds of Dublin's land area, but is home to just 196,140 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.cso.ie/table/F1013|title=2022 Census Profile 1 – Population Distribution and Movement – F1013 – Population Density and Area Size |work=CSO |access-date=16 July 2024}}</ref>

====Dublin metropolitan area====
As the [[city proper]] does not extend beyond [[Dublin Airport]], nearby towns such as Swords, Donabate, Portmarnock and Malahide are not considered part of the city, and are recorded by the CSO as separate settlements. However, under Ireland's National Planning Framework, these towns are considered part of the Dublin Metropolitan Area Strategic Plan (MASP).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sdcc.ie/en/devplan2022/adopted-plan/chapter-2-core-strategy-and-settlement-strategy/chapter-2-core-strategy-and-settlement-strategy.pdf|title=Core Strategy for the Plan|work=South Dublin County Council|access-date=16 July 2024 }}</ref> The MASP also includes towns outside of the county, such as [[Naas]], [[Leixlip]] and [[Maynooth]] in County Kildare, [[Dunboyne]] in County Meath, and [[Bray, County Wicklow|Bray]], [[Kilmacanogue]] and [[Greystones]] in County Wicklow, but does not include Balbriggan, Lusk, Rush or Skerries, which are located in the far north of County Dublin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://emra.ie/dubh/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Greater-Dublin-Area-Regional-Planning-Guidelines-2010-2022-Volume-I.pdf|title=Regional Planning Guidelines For The Greater Dublin Area 2010–2022|work=The Regional Planning Guidelines Office|access-date=3 November 2020|archive-date=14 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114070422/http://emra.ie/dubh/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Greater-Dublin-Area-Regional-Planning-Guidelines-2010-2022-Volume-I.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Greater Dublin Area====
The [[Greater Dublin Area]] (GDA) is a commonly used planning jurisdiction which extends to the wider network of commuter towns that are economically connected to Dublin city. The GDA consists of County Dublin and its three neighboring counties, [[County Kildare|Kildare]], [[County Meath|Meath]] and [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]].<ref>{{cite ISB|title=Dublin Transport Authority Act 2008|section=3|stitle=Greater Dublin Area|year=2008|num=15|date=16 July 2008|access-date=14 January 2022}}</ref>

With a population of 2.1 million and an area of 6,986 square kilometres, it contains 40% of the population of the State, and covers 9.9% of its land area.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none"
|+ Metropolitan area statistics
|-
!Statistical area
!Population (2022)
!Area (km2)
!Density (per km2)
!Local authorities
|-
| Dublin City
| 592,713
| 117.8
| 5,032
| [[Dublin]]
|-
| Dublin City and suburbs
| 1,263,219
| 345
| 3,662
| [[Dublin]], [[Fingal]], [[South Dublin]], [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]], [[County Meath|Meath]]
|-
| County Dublin
| 1,458,154
| 922
| 1,582
| [[Dublin]], [[Fingal]], [[South Dublin]], [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]]
|-
| Dublin Metropolitan Area
| 1,512,543
| 882
| 1,715
| [[Dublin]], [[Fingal]], [[South Dublin]], [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]], [[County Meath|Meath]], [[County Kildare|Kildare]], [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]]
|-
| Greater Dublin Area
| 2,082,605
| 6,986
| 298
| [[Dublin]], [[Fingal]], [[South Dublin]], [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]], [[County Meath|Meath]], [[County Kildare|Kildare]], [[County Wicklow|Wicklow]]
|}

===Urban areas===
Under [[Central Statistics Office (Ireland)|CSO]] classification, an "urban area" is a town with a population greater than 1,500. Dublin is the most urbanised county in Ireland, with 98% of its residents residing in urban areas as of 2022. Of Dublin's three non-city local authorities, Fingal has the highest proportion of people living in rural areas (7.9%), while Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown has the lowest (1.19%). The western suburbs of Dublin city such as [[Tallaght]] and [[Blanchardstown]] have experienced rapid growth in recent decades, and both areas have a population roughly equivalent to [[Galway city]].

{{Largest cities
|country=County Dublin
| stat_ref     = Source:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.cso.ie/ |title=Census 2022 Profile 1 – Population Distribution and Movement F1051 – Towns |publisher=Central Statistics Office |access-date=19 April 2025}}</ref>
|list_by_pop=
 |div_name=
 |div_link=Local government in the Republic of Ireland{{!}}Local authority
 |city_1=Dublin{{!}}'''Dublin city and its suburbs'''
 |div_1=Dublin{{!}}Dublin City
 |pop_1=1,263,219
 |img_1=Sunset In Grand Canal Dublin Ireland (66307731).jpeg
 |city_2=Swords, County Dublin{{!}}'''Swords'''
 |div_2=Fingal
 |pop_2=40,776
 |img_2=SwordsDublinhigherres.jpg
 |city_3=Balbriggan
 |div_3=Fingal
 |pop_3=24,322
 |img_3=BalbrigganDublin.jpg
 |city_4=Malahide
 |div_4=Fingal
 |pop_4=18,608
 |img_4=MalahideDublin.jpg
 |city_5=Rush, County Dublin{{!}}Rush
 |div_5=Fingal
 |pop_5=10,875
 |img_5=
 |city_6=Portmarnock
 |div_6=Fingal
 |pop_6=10,750
 |img_6=
 |city_7=Skerries, County Dublin{{!}}Skerries
 |div_7=Fingal
 |pop_7=10,743
 |img_7=
 |city_8=Donabate
 |div_8=Fingal
 |pop_8=9,669
 |img_8=
 |city_9=Lusk, County Dublin{{!}}Lusk
 |div_9=Fingal
 |pop_9=8,806
 |img_9=
 |city_10=Kinsealy–Drinan
 |div_10=Fingal
 |pop_10=7,526
 |img_10=
}}

==Transportation==
{{Main|Transport in Dublin}}
[[File:M50 motorway (Ireland).png|thumb|Map of Dublin's major roads]]
[[File:Photographed At Malahide on the way to Balbriggan-flickr537559248.jpg|thumb|left|[[Commuter (Iarnród Éireann)|Commuter]] train arriving at [[Malahide]]]]
County Dublin has the oldest and most extensive transportation infrastructure in Ireland. The [[Dublin and Kingstown Railway]], opened in December 1834, was Ireland's first railway line. The line, which ran from [[Dublin Pearse railway station|Westland Row]] to [[Dún Laoghaire]], was originally intended to be used for cargo. However, it proved far more popular with passengers and became the world's first commuter railway line.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishman-s-diary-on-the-dublin-to-kingstown-rail-line-1.2463456|title=An Irishman's Diary on the Dublin to Kingstown rail line|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630150136/http://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishman-s-diary-on-the-dublin-to-kingstown-rail-line-1.2463456|url-status=live}}</ref> The line has been upgraded multiple times throughout its history and is still in use to this day, making it the oldest commuter railway route in the world.

[[File:T2Dublin Airport-doyler79.jpg|thumb|left|[[Dublin Airport]] was Europe's [[List of the busiest airports in Europe|13th-busiest]] airport in 2023]]
Public transport in Dublin was managed by the Dublin Transportation Office until 2009, when it was replaced by the [[National Transport Authority (Ireland)|National Transport Authority]] (NTA). The three pillars currently underpinning the public transport network of the [[Greater Dublin Area]] (GDA) are [[Dublin Suburban Rail]], the [[Luas]] and the bus system. There are six [[Commuter (Iarnród Éireann)|commuter]] lines in Dublin, which are managed by [[Iarnród Éireann]]. Five of these lines serve as routes between Dublin and towns across the GDA and beyond. The sixth route, known as [[Dublin Area Rapid Transit]] (DART), is electrified and serves only Dublin and northern Wicklow. The newest addition to Dublin's public transport network is a [[tram]] system called the Luas. The service began with two disconnected lines in 2004,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/archives/2014/0630/627453-luas-is-launched-2004|title=Trams for Dublin 2004|publisher=[[RTÉ Libraries and Archives|RTÉ Archives]]|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=29 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629192606/https://www.rte.ie/archives/2014/0630/627453-luas-is-launched-2004/|url-status=live}}</ref> with three extensions opened in 2009,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/new-luas-extension-through-docklands-opens-1.786542|title=New Luas extension through Docklands opens|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|first=Tim|last=O'Brien|date=9 December 2009|url-access=subscription|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=18 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218204035/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/new-luas-extension-through-docklands-opens-1.786542|url-status=live}}</ref> 2010<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/luas-opens-to-cherrywood/35387.article|title=Luas opens to Cherrywood|work=[[Railway Gazette International]]|date=19 October 2010|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200436/https://www.railwaygazette.com/luas-opens-to-cherrywood/35387.article|url-status=live}}</ref> and 2011<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/minister-opens-luas-red-line-branch-to-citywest-and-saggart-1.589220|title=Minister opens Luas Red Line branch to Citywest and Saggart|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|first=Olivia|last=Kelly|date=2 July 2011|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924143158/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/minister-opens-luas-red-line-branch-to-citywest-and-saggart-1.589220|url-status=live}}</ref> before a cross-city link between the lines and further extension opened in 2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.tii.ie/news/press-releases/Luas%20Green%20Line%20extension/|title=Luas Green extension a major boost for Dublin|publisher=[[Transport Infrastructure Ireland]]|date=9 December 2017|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200605/https://www.tii.ie/news/press-releases/Luas%20Green%20Line%20extension/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Historically, Dublin had an extensive [[Dublin tramways|tram system]] which commenced in 1871 and at its peak had over {{convert|97|km|mi|abbr=on}} of active line. It was operated by the [[Dublin United Transport Company]] (DUTC) and was very advanced for its day, with near-full electrification from 1901. From the 1920s onwards, the DUTC began to acquire private bus operators and gradually closed some of its lines. Further declines in passenger numbers were driven in part by a belief at the time that trams were outdated and archaic. All tram lines terminated in 1949, except for the tram to [[Howth]], which ran until 1959.

[[File:Irish Vehicle Registration Plate.svg|thumb|Example of a Dublin number plate]]
[[Dublin Bus]] is the county's largest bus operator, carrying 138 million passengers in 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nationaltransport.ie/news/massive-jump-in-passenger-journey-number-as-commuters-flock-to-public-transport/|title=Massive Jump in Passenger Journey Numbers as Commuters Flock to Public Transport|publisher=[[National Transport Authority (Ireland)|National Transport Authority]]|date=8 January 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=16 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116091114/https://www.nationaltransport.ie/news/massive-jump-in-passenger-journey-number-as-commuters-flock-to-public-transport/|url-status=live}}</ref> For much of the city, particularly west Dublin, the bus is the only public transport option available, and there are numerous smaller private bus companies in operation across County Dublin. National bus operator [[Bus Éireann]] provides long-distance routes to towns and villages located outside of Dublin city and its immediate hinterland.

In November 2005, the government announced a €34 billion initiative called [[Transport 21]] which included a substantial expansion to Dublin's transport network. The project was cancelled in May 2011 in the aftermath of the [[Post-2008 Irish economic downturn|2008 recession]]. Consequently, by 2017 Hugh Creegan, deputy chief of the NTA, stated that there had been a "''chronic underinvestment in public transport for more than a decade''".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://councilmeetings.dublincity.ie/documents/s12181/%20286%201%20Final%20Dublin%20City%20Infrastructure%20Summit%20Outcomes%20Report.pdf|title=Outcomes Report: 2017 Dublin City Infrastructure Summit|work=Dublin City Council|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201128/https://councilmeetings.dublincity.ie/documents/s12181/%20286%201%20Final%20Dublin%20City%20Infrastructure%20Summit%20Outcomes%20Report.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> By 2019, Dublin was reportedly the 17th most congested city in the world, and had the 5th highest average commute time in the European Union.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/dublin-traffic-congestion-4985027-Jan2020/|title=Dublin is the 6th most congested city in Europe|work=journal.ie|date=29 January 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201502/https://www.thejournal.ie/dublin-traffic-congestion-4985027-Jan2020/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-30981501.html|title=Survey puts Dublin fifth in Europe for time spent on daily commute|work=Irish Examiner|date=13 February 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201836/https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-30981501.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The Luas and rail network regularly experience significant overcrowding and delays during peak hours, and in 2019 Iarnród Éireann was widely ridiculed for asking commuters to "''stagger morning journeys''" to alleviate the problem.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/irish-rail-overcrowding-3-4950861-Jan2020/|title='Absolutely shambolic': Commuters slam Irish Rail call for Dart users to stagger morning journeys|work=journal.ie|date=2 January 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=20 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620065756/https://www.thejournal.ie/irish-rail-overcrowding-3-4950861-Jan2020/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[M50 motorway (Ireland)|M50]] is a {{convert|45.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} orbital motorway around Dublin city, and is the busiest motorway in the country. It serves as the centre of both Dublin and Ireland's motorway network, and most of the [[national primary road]]s to other cities begin at the M50 and radiate outwards. The current route was built in various sections over the course of 27 years, from 1983 to 2010. All major roads in Ireland are managed by [[Transport Infrastructure Ireland]] (TII), which is headquartered in Parkgate Street, Dublin 8. As of 2019, there were over 550,000 cars registered in County Dublin, accounting for 25.3% of all cars registered in the State.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-tranom/transportomnibus2019/vehiclelicensingandregistrations/|title=Transport Omnibus 2019|work=CSO|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202716/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-tranom/transportomnibus2019/vehiclelicensingandregistrations/|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to the county's small area and high degree of urbanisation, there is a preference for "D" registered [[used cars]] throughout Ireland, as they are considered to have undergone less wear and tear.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/business/personal-finance/you-too-can-play-at-the-car-depreciation-game-31300584.html|title=You too can play at the car depreciation game|work=The Irish Independent|date=14 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203632/https://www.independent.ie/business/personal-finance/you-too-can-play-at-the-car-depreciation-game-31300584.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

For international travel, around 1.7 million passengers travel by ferry through [[Dublin Port]] each year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublinport.ie/tofrom/tourist-information/|title=Tourist Information|work=Dublin Port Company|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202054/https://www.dublinport.ie/tofrom/tourist-information/|url-status=live}}</ref> A Dún Laoghaire to [[Holyhead]] ferry was formerly operated by [[Stena Line]], but the route was closed in 2015. [[Dublin Airport]] is Ireland's largest airport, and 32.9 million passengers passed through it in 2019, making it Europe's 12th-busiest airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2020/0129/1111751-dublin-airports-record-figures/|title=Dublin Airport passengers numbers up 4% to record high of 32.9 million|work=RTE|date=29 January 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202305/https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2020/0129/1111751-dublin-airports-record-figures/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Economy==
{{See also|Economy of Dublin}}
[[File:Share of Irish GDP by Region (2018).png|thumb|Dublin accounts for over two-fifths of Ireland's GDP]]
The Dublin Region, which is conterminous with County Dublin, has the largest and most highly developed economy in Ireland, accounting for over two-fifths of national [[Gross Domestic Product]] (GDP). The [[Central Statistics Office (Ireland)|Central Statistics Office]] estimates that the GDP of the Dublin Region in 2020 was €157.2&nbsp;billion ($187&nbsp;billion / £141&nbsp;billion at 2020 exchange rates).<ref>[https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/cirgdp/countyincomesandregionalgdp2019/ ''County Incomes and Regional GDP''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413215308/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/cirgdp/countyincomesandregionalgdp2019/ |date=13 April 2022 }}, Central Statistics Office, 27 February 2020. Accessed 12 November 2020.</ref> In [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|nominal]] terms, Dublin's economy is larger than roughly 140 [[sovereign states]]. The county's [[GDP per capita]] is €107,808 ($117,688 / £92,620), one of the highest [[List of NUTS-3 regions in EU with GDP per capita over 100,000 EUR|regional GDPs per capita]] in the EU. As of 2019, Dublin also had the [[List of Irish regions by Human Development Index|highest Human Development Index in Ireland]] at 0.965, placing it among the most developed places in the world in terms of [[life expectancy]], [[education]] and [[per capita income]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=13 September 2018|archive-date=23 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Affluence===
[[File:Deprivation Index Map of Dublin.png|thumb|left|Map showing [[Relative deprivation|relative poverty]] by [[Small Area Population Statistics|Small Area]] in Dublin]]
In 2020, average disposable income per person in Dublin was €27,686, or 118% of the national average (€23,400), the highest of any county in Ireland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cirgdp/countyincomesandregionalgdp2020/|title=County Incomes and Regional GDP 2020|website=cso.ie|date=16 February 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023|url-status=live|archive-date=2 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702095939/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cirgdp/countyincomesandregionalgdp2020/}}</ref> As Ireland's most populous county, Dublin has the highest total household income in the country, at an estimated €46.8 billion in 2017 – higher than the [[Border Region|Border]], [[Midland Region, Ireland|Midlands]], [[West Region, Ireland|West]] and [[South-East Region, Ireland|South-East]] regions combined. Dublin residents were the highest per capita tax contributors in the State, returning a total of €15.1 billion in taxes in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/cirgdp/countyincomesandregionalgdp2016/|title=County Incomes and Regional GDP|work=CSO|date=3 April 2019 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201127/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/cirgdp/countyincomesandregionalgdp2016/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Many of Ireland's most prominent political, educational, cultural and media centres are concentrated south of the [[River Liffey]] in Dublin city. Further south, areas like [[Dún Laoghaire]], [[Dalkey]] and [[Killiney]] have long been some of Dublin's most affluent areas, and [[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown]] consistently has the highest average house prices in Ireland. This has resulted in a perceived socio-economic divide in Dublin, between the generally less affluent [[Northside, Dublin|Northside]] and the wealthier [[Southside, Dublin|Southside]]. In Dublin (both city and county), residents will commonly refer to themselves as a "Northsider" or a "Southsider", and the division is often caricatured in Irish comedy, media and literature, for example [[Ross O'Carroll-Kelly]] and [[Damo and Ivor]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/life/home-garden/dublins-cool-northside-moves-ahead-of-stuffy-southside-to-hold-the-housing-hotspots-39014486.html|title=Dublin's cool Northside moves ahead of stuffy southside to hold the housing hotspots|work=The Irish Independent|date=6 March 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202711/https://www.independent.ie/life/home-garden/dublins-cool-northside-moves-ahead-of-stuffy-southside-to-hold-the-housing-hotspots-39014486.html|url-status=live}}</ref> References to the divide have also become [[colloquialism]]s in their own right, such as "D4" (referring to the [[Dublin 4]] postal district), which is a pejorative term for an upper middle class Irish person.<ref>[http://www.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/how--dublin-4--turned-into-dublin-forlorn-1854864.html How Dublin 4 turned into Dublin forlorn] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924143225/https://www.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/how-dublin-4-turned-into-dublin-forlorn-26556988.html |date=24 September 2021 }}, By Kim Bielenberg, [[Sunday Independent (Ireland)|Sunday Independent]], 8 August 2009, retrieved 17 December 2009</ref>

While the northside-southside divide remains prevalent in popular culture, [[Index (economics)|economic indices]] such as the [[Pobal#Pobal HP Deprivation Index|Pobal HP deprivation index]] have shown that the distinction does not reflect economic reality. Many of Dublin's most affluent areas ([[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], [[Raheny]], [[Howth]], [[Portmarnock]], [[Malahide]]) are located in the north of the county, and many of its most deprived areas ([[Jobstown]], [[Ballyogan]], [[Ballybrack]], [[Dolphin's Barn]], [[Clondalkin]]) are located in the south of the county.

Utilising CSO data from the past three censuses, Pobal HP revealed that there was a much higher concentration of below average, disadvantaged and very disadvantaged areas in west Dublin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://trutzhaase.eu/deprivation-index/the-2016-pobal-hp-deprivation-index-for-small-areas/|title=The 2016 Pobal HP Deprivation Index (SA)|work=Trutz Haase|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=6 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106171932/http://trutzhaase.eu/deprivation-index/the-2016-pobal-hp-deprivation-index-for-small-areas/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, [[Irish Times]] columnist [[Fintan O'Toole]] posited that the real economic divide in Dublin was not north–south, but east–west – between the older coastal areas of eastern Dublin and the newer sprawling suburbs of western Dublin – and that the perpetuation of the northside–southside "myth" was a convenient way to gloss over [[Class stratification|class division]] within the county. O'Toole argued that framing the city's wealth divide as a light-hearted north–south stereotype was easier than having to address the socio-economic impacts of deliberate government policy to [[History of Dublin#Tackling the tenements|remove working-class people from the city centre]] and settle them on the margins.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/time-to-move-beyond-the-northside-southside-myth-1.551483|title=Time to move beyond the northside-southside myth|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=7 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207005218/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/time-to-move-beyond-the-northside-southside-myth-1.551483|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Finance===
[[File:IFSC IN DUBLIN DOCKLANDS Ref -293.jpg|thumb|right|The [[International Financial Services Centre, Dublin|IFSC]]]]
Dublin is both a European and Global financial hub, and around 200 of the world's leading financial services firms have operations within the county. In 2017 and 2018 respectively, Dublin was ranked 5th in Europe and 31st globally in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]] (GFCI).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.ie/business/commercial-property/dublin-is-ranked-fifth-in-eu-for-financial-services-35576496.html |publisher=Independent.ie |title=Dublin is ranked fifth in EU for financial services |newspaper=Independent |date=30 March 2017 |access-date=28 October 2018 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201719/https://www.independent.ie/business/commercial-property/dublin-is-ranked-fifth-in-eu-for-financial-services-35576496.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/dublin-slips-to-31st-in-global-financial-centre-rankings-1.3440541 |publisher=Irish Times |title=Dublin slips to 31st in global financial centre rankings |date=26 March 2018 |access-date= 28 October 2018 |archive-date=28 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028033850/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/dublin-slips-to-31st-in-global-financial-centre-rankings-1.3440541 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the mid-1980s, parts of central Dublin had fallen into a state of dereliction and the Irish government pursued an urban regeneration programme. An 11-hectare [[special economic zone]] (SEZ) was set up in 1987, known as the [[International Financial Services Centre, Dublin|International Financial Services Centre]] (IFSC). At the time of its establishment, the SEZ had the lowest corporate tax rate in the EU. The IFSC has since expanded into a 37.8-hectare site centred around the [[Dublin Docklands]]. As of 2020, over €1.8 trillion of funds are administered from Ireland.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.enterprise-ireland.com/en/Start-a-Business-in-Ireland/Startups-from-Outside-Ireland/Key-Sectors-and-Companies-in-Ireland/Financial-Services-sector-profile.html|title=Financial Services sector profile|work=Enterprise Ireland|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203846/https://www.enterprise-ireland.com/en/Start-a-Business-in-Ireland/Startups-from-Outside-Ireland/Key-Sectors-and-Companies-in-Ireland/Financial-Services-sector-profile.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

There was renewed interest in Dublin's financial services sector in the wake of the UK's vote to [[Brexit|withdraw from the European Union]] in 2016. Many firms, including [[Barclays]] and [[Bank of America]], pre-emptively moved some of their operations from [[London]] to Dublin in anticipation of restricted EU market access.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://usandco.com/why-financial-services-are-moving-to-dublin-post-brexit/|title=5 Reasons Why Financial Services Are Moving To Dublin In The Lead-Up To Brexit|work=Us & Co|date=3 January 2019|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204410/https://usandco.com/why-financial-services-are-moving-to-dublin-post-brexit/|url-status=live}}</ref> A survey conducted by [[Ernst & Young]] in 2021 found that Dublin was the most popular destination for firms in the UK considering relocating to the EU, ahead of [[Luxembourg]] and [[Frankfurt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eyfinancialservicesthoughtgallery.ie/dublin-remains-top-brexit-relocation/|title=Dublin remains top Brexit (re)location|work=EY|date=15 October 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204039/https://eyfinancialservicesthoughtgallery.ie/dublin-remains-top-brexit-relocation/|url-status=live}}</ref> It is estimated that Dublin's financial sector will grow by about 25% as a direct result of Brexit, and as many as 13,000 jobs could move from the UK to County Dublin in the years immediately after its withdrawal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ardlinn.com/dublins-finance-sector-to-grow-by-25-percent-brexit/|title=Dublin's Finance Sector to Grow By 25% Due to UK Financial Passporting Uncertainty|work=ardlinn.com|date=8 March 2019|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202959/https://ardlinn.com/dublins-finance-sector-to-grow-by-25-percent-brexit/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Industry and energy===
[[File:Central Park, Sandyford-1.jpg|thumb|[[Sandyford|Sandyford Business District]]]]
[[File:Ryanair Boeing 737-800 in SXF.jpg|thumb|left|[[Swords, County Dublin|Swords]]-based [[Ryanair]] is Europe's largest airline]]
[[File:Dublin Port, Co. Dublin (507221) (32979900775).jpg|thumb|left|[[Dublin Port]] handles over 50% of Ireland's international trade]]

The economy of Dublin benefits from substantial amounts of both indigenous and foreign investment. In 2018, the [[Financial Times]] ranked Dublin the most attractive large city in the world for [[Foreign Direct Investment]], and the city has been consistently ranked by [[Forbes]] as one of the world's most business-friendly.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://irishtechnews.ie/dublin-ranked-number-one-large-city-in-the-world-for-foreign-direct-investment-in-new-report/|title=Dublin Ranked Number One Large City in the World for FDI in New Report|work=irishtechnews.ie|date=10 December 2018 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204036/https://irishtechnews.ie/dublin-ranked-number-one-large-city-in-the-world-for-foreign-direct-investment-in-new-report/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://magazine.startus.cc/dublin-is-the-place-to-do-business/|title=The Full Startup City Guide For Dublin|work=StartUs Magazine|date=2 December 2016|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201814/https://magazine.startus.cc/dublin-is-the-place-to-do-business/|url-status=live}}</ref> The economy is centered on [[financial industry|financial services]], the [[pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceuticals]] and [[biotechnology]] industries, [[information technology]], logistics and storage, professional services, agriculture and tourism. [[IDA Ireland]], the state agency responsible for attracting foreign direct investment, was founded in Dublin in 1949.

Dublin has four power plants, all of which are concentrated in the docklands area of Dublin city. Three are natural-gas plants operated by the [[ESB Group|ESB]], and the [[Poolbeg Incinerator]] is operated by [[Covanta Energy]]. The four plants have a combined capacity of 1.039 GW, roughly 12.5% of the island of Ireland's generation capacity as of 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://esb.ie/our-businesses/generation-energy-trading-new/generation-asset-map|title=Generation Asset Map|work=ESB|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510160901/https://esb.ie/our-businesses/generation-energy-trading-new/generation-asset-map|url-status=live}}</ref> The disused [[Poolbeg Generating Station|Poolbeg chimneys]] are the tallest structures in the county, and were granted protection by Dublin city council in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-30636244.html|title=Dublin City Council to put forward motion to save Poolbeg|work=Irish Examiner|date=14 July 2014|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202752/https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-30636244.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

As a result of Dublin city's location within a sheltered bay at the mouth of a navigable river, shipping has been a key industry in the county since medieval times. By the 18th-century, Dublin was a bustling maritime city and large-scale engineering projects were undertaken to enhance the port's capacity, such as the [[Great South Wall]], which was the largest [[sea wall]] in the world at the time of its construction in 1715.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://afloat.ie/port-news/dublin-port/item/28504-the-great-south-wall-300-years-since-idea-first-hatched|title=The Great South Wall: 300 Years Since Idea First Hatched|work=afloat.ie|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203235/https://afloat.ie/port-news/dublin-port/item/28504-the-great-south-wall-300-years-since-idea-first-hatched|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Dublin Port]] was originally located along the Liffey, but gradually moved towards the coast over the centuries as vessel size increased. It is today the largest and busiest port in Ireland. It handles 50% of the Republic of Ireland's trade, and receives 60% of all vessel arrivals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/spt/statisticsofporttrafficquarter4year2020/|title=Statistics of Port Traffic Q4 2020|work=CSO|date=25 May 2021 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201926/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/spt/statisticsofporttrafficquarter4year2020/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dublin Port occupies an area of {{convert|259|ha|acre|abbr=off}} in one of the most expensive places in the country, with an estimated price per acre of around €10 million. Since the 2000s, there have been calls to relocate Dublin Port out of the city and free up its land for residential and commercial development. This was first proposed by the [[Progressive Democrats]] at the height of the Celtic Tiger in 2006, who valued the land at between €25 and €30 billion, although nothing became of this proposal. During the housing crisis of the late 2010s the idea again began to attract supporters, among them economist [[David McWilliams (economist)|David McWilliams]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.davidmcwilliams.ie/dublin-port-is-a-waste-of-space-move-it/|title=Dublin Port is a waste of space. Move it.|work=David McWilliams|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201239/http://www.davidmcwilliams.ie/dublin-port-is-a-waste-of-space-move-it/|url-status=live}}</ref> Currently, there are no official plans to move the port elsewhere, and the [[Dublin Port Company]] strongly opposes relocation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublinport.ie/david-mcwilliams-idea-moving-dublin-port-makes-no-sense-says-eamonn-oreilly-dublin-port/|title=David McWilliams' idea of moving Dublin Port Makes No Sense Says Eamonn O'Reilly of Dublin Port|work=Dublin Port Company|date=12 February 2018|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201930/https://www.dublinport.ie/david-mcwilliams-idea-moving-dublin-port-makes-no-sense-says-eamonn-oreilly-dublin-port/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dublin hosts the headquarters of some of Ireland's largest multinational corporations, including 14 of the 20 companies which make up the [[ISEQ 20]] index – those with the highest trading volume and [[market capitalisation]] of all [[Euronext Dublin|Irish Stock Exchange]] listed companies. These are: [[Allied Irish Banks|AIB]], [[Applegreen]], [[Bank of Ireland]], [[Cairn Homes]], [[Irish Continental Group|Continental Group]], [[CRH plc|CRH]], [[Dalata Hotel Group]], [[Flutter Entertainment]], [[Greencoat Renewables]], [[Hibernia REIT]], [[Irish Residential Properties REIT|IRES]], [[Origin Enterprises]], [[Ryanair]] and [[Smurfit Kappa]].

===Tourism===
[[File:Dublin - Guinness Storehouse - 20160507154437.jpg|thumb|The [[Guinness Storehouse]], Ireland's most visited tourist attraction]]
County Dublin receives by far the most overseas tourists of any county in Ireland. This is primarily due to Dublin city's status as Ireland's largest city and its transportation hub. Dublin is also Ireland's most popular destination for domestic tourists. According to [[Fáilte Ireland]], in 2017 Dublin received nearly 6 million overseas tourists, and just under 1.5 million domestic tourists. Most of Ireland's international flights transit through [[Dublin Airport]], and the vast majority of passenger ferry arrivals dock at Dublin Port. In 2019, the port also facilitated 158 cruise ship arrivals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublinport.ie/tofrom/cruise-liners/|title=Cruise Liners|work=Dublin Port Company|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519142706/https://www.dublinport.ie/tofrom/cruise-liners/|url-status=live}}</ref> The tourism industry in the county is worth approximately €2.3 billion per year.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.ie/life/travel/travel-news/revealed-the-irish-counties-most-and-least-visited-by-tourists-37236244.html|title=Revealed: The Irish counties most (and least) visited by tourists|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201555/https://www.independent.ie/life/travel/travel-news/revealed-the-irish-counties-most-and-least-visited-by-tourists-37236244.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

As of 2019, 4 of the top 10 fee-paying tourist attractions in Ireland are located within County Dublin, as well as 5 of the top 10 free attractions. The [[Guinness Storehouse]] at [[St. James's Gate]] is Ireland's most visited tourist attraction, receiving 1.7 million visitors in 2019, and over 20 million total visits since 2000. Additionally, Dublin also contains Ireland's 3rd ([[Dublin Zoo]]), 4th ([[Library of Trinity College Dublin|Book of Kells]]) and 6th ([[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin|St Patrick's Cathedral]]) most visited fee-paying attractions. The top free attractions in Dublin are the [[National Gallery of Ireland]], the [[National Botanic Gardens (Ireland)|National Botanic Gardens]], the [[National Museum of Ireland]] and the [[Irish Museum of Modern Art]], all of which receive over half a million visitors per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.failteireland.ie/Utility/News-Library/Ireland%E2%80%99s-Top-Visitor-Attractions-Revealed-(1).aspx|title=Ireland's Top Visitor Attractions Revealed|work=Fáilte Ireland|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201308/https://www.failteireland.ie/Utility/News-Library/Ireland%E2%80%99s-Top-Visitor-Attractions-Revealed-(1).aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Agriculture===
[[File:Clonshaugh Rd, Swords (506156).jpg|thumb|left|Fingal is Dublin's agricultural heartland]]
[[File:Tibradden Mountain.jpg|thumb|Commercial forestry plantation in the Dublin Mountains]]
Despite having the smallest farmed area of any county, Dublin is one of Ireland's major agricultural producers. Dublin is the largest producer of fruit and vegetables in Ireland, the third largest producer of oilseed rape and has the fifth largest [[fishing industry]]. Fingal alone produces 55% of Ireland's fresh produce, including soft fruits and berries, apples, lettuces, peppers, asparagus, potatoes, onions, and carrots. As of 2020, the [[Irish Farmers' Association]] estimates that the total value of Dublin's agricultural produce is €205 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ifa.ie/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Dublin.pdf|title=Importance of Farming and the Agri-food Industry – Dublin|work=The Irish Farmers' Association|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204346/https://www.ifa.ie/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Dublin.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the CSO, fish landings in the county are worth a further €20 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/fl/fishlandings2019/ |title=Fish Landings 2019 |work=CSO |date=24 July 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203923/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/fl/fishlandings2019/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Approximately 41% of the county's land area (38,576 ha) is farmed. Of this, {{convert|12578|ha|0|abbr=on}} is under [[tillage]], the 9th highest in the country, and {{convert|6500|ha|0|abbr=on}} is dedicated to fruit & horticulture, the 4th highest. Rural County Dublin is considered a peri-urban region, where an urban environment transitions into a rural one. Due to the growth of Dublin city and its commuter towns in the north of the county, the region is considered to be under significant pressure from [[urban sprawl]]. Between 1991 and 2010, the amount of agricultural land within the county decreased by 22.9%. In 2015, the local authorities of Fingal, South Dublin and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown developed a joint Dublin Rural Local Development Strategy aimed at enhancing the region's agricultural output, while also managing and minimising the impact of urbanisation on biodiversity and the identity and culture of rural Dublin.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://assets.gov.ie/2803/151118103209-0ebf8fdc042846a7bc1cbc066566d1b7.pdf |title=Dublin Rural LEADER LDS Strategy |work=gov.ie |access-date=20 June 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201854/https://assets.gov.ie/2803/151118103209-0ebf8fdc042846a7bc1cbc066566d1b7.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>

The county has a small forestry industry that is based almost entirely in the upland areas of south County Dublin. According to the 2017 National Forestry Inventory, {{convert|6011|ha|0|abbr=on}} of the county was under forest, of which {{convert|1912|ha|0|abbr=on}} was private forestry.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.ie/en/publication/65294-irelands-national-forest-inventory/|title=Second National Forestry Inventory|work=DAFM|date=17 November 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=20 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620124029/https://www.gov.ie/en/publication/65294-irelands-national-forest-inventory/|url-status=live}}</ref> The majority of Dublin's forests are owned by the national forestry company, [[Coillte]]. In the absence of increased private planting, the county's commercial timber capacity is expected to decrease in the coming decades, as Coillte intends to convert much of their holdings in the [[Dublin Mountains]] into non-commercial mixed forests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/question/2020-09-24/285/|title=Coillte Teoranta: Dáil Éireann Debate, Thursday – 24 September 2020|work=oireachtas.ie|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203605/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/question/2020-09-24/285/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dublin has 810 individual farms with an average size of {{convert|47.6|ha|0|abbr=on}}, the largest average farm size of any county in Ireland. Roughly 9,400 people within the county are directly employed in either agriculture or the food and drink processing industry. Numerous Irish and multinational food and drink companies are either based in Dublin or have facilities within the county, including [[Mondelez International|Mondelez]], [[The Coca-Cola Company|Coca-Cola]], [[Mars, Incorporated|Mars]], [[Diageo]], [[Kellogg's]], [[Danone]], [[Ornua]], [[Pernod Ricard]] and [[Glanbia]]. In 1954, [[Tayto (Republic of Ireland)|Tayto Crisps]] were established in [[Coolock]] and developed into cultural phenomenon throughout much of the Republic of Ireland.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/weekend/2009/0620/1224249169681.html |date=6 June 2009 |first=Brian |last=O'Connell |title=Two packets of Tayto and a bottle of TK ... |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |access-date=20 June 2021 |archive-date=20 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020202308/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/weekend/2009/0620/1224249169681.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Its operations and headquarters have since moved to neighbouring [[County Meath]]. Another popular crisp brand, Keogh's, are based in [[Oldtown, County Dublin|Oldtown]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.keoghs.ie/ |title=Keogh's – About us |work=keoghs.ie |access-date=20 June 2021 |archive-date=6 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506050937/https://www.keoghs.ie/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Education==
{{See also|Dublin#Education|l1=Education in Dublin|List of schools in County Dublin}}
{{multiple image
| align = right
| perrow = 2
| total_width = 360
| width1 = 500 |width2=500 |width3=500 |width4=500
| height1=330 |height2=330 |height3=330 |height4=330
| image1 = ImeldaCasey TrinityatNight.jpg
| image2 = Ucdsportscentre.jpg
| image3 = Albert college front2.JPG
| image4 = TUD Campus Grangegorman.jpg
| footer = Clockwise from top left: [[Trinity College Dublin]], [[University College Dublin]], [[Technological University Dublin]], and [[Dublin City University]]
}}
In Ireland, spending on education is controlled by the government and the allocation of funds is decided each year in the annual budget. Local authorities retain limited responsibilities such as funding for school meals, service supports costs and the upkeep of libraries.

There are hundreds of primary and secondary schools within County Dublin, most of which are English-language schools. Several international schools are based in Dublin, such as [[St Kilian's German School]] and [[Lycée Français d'Irlande]], which teach in foreign languages. There is also a large minority of students attending [[gaelscoil]]eanna (Irish-language primary schools). There are 34 gaelscoileanna and 10 [[Gaelcholáiste|gaelcholáistí]] (Irish-language secondary schools) in the county, with a total of 12,950 students as of 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaelscoileanna.ie/files/Education-through-Irish.pdf |title=Education through the Medium of Irish 2015/2016 |year=2016 |publisher=gaelscoileanna.ie |access-date=1 January 2018 |archive-date=1 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101135552/http://www.gaelscoileanna.ie/files/Education-through-Irish.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> In terms of college acceptance rates, gaelcholáistí are consistently the best performing schools in Dublin, and among the best performing in Ireland.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/education/fee-paying-and-gaelscoil-students-most-likely-to-go-to-university-1.1384339 |title=Fee-paying and Gaelscoil students most likely to go to university |newspaper=The Irish Times |access-date=20 June 2021 |archive-date=5 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005044305/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/education/fee-paying-and-gaelscoil-students-most-likely-to-go-to-university-1.1384339 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Although the government pays for a large majority of school costs, including teachers' salaries, the Roman Catholic Church is the largest owner of schools in Dublin, and preference is given to Catholic students over non-Catholic students in oversubscribed areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.education.ie/en/Parents/Information/School-Enrolment/submissions-from-education-partners/cpsma.pdf|title=The role of denominational religion in the school admissions process and possible approaches for making changes|work=Catholic Primary Schools Management Association|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202508/https://www.education.ie/en/Parents/Information/School-Enrolment/submissions-from-education-partners/cpsma.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> This has resulted in a growing movement towards non-denominational and [[Mixed-sex education|co-educational]] schools in the county.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/10/ireland-secularise-schools-catholic-dublin-divestment|title=Ireland's attempts to secularise its schools have turned to farce|work=The Guardian|date=10 April 2019 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203212/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/10/ireland-secularise-schools-catholic-dublin-divestment|url-status=live}}</ref>

The majority of [[Independent school#Ireland|private secondary schools]] in Dublin are still single sex, and continue to have religious patronages with either congregations of the Catholic Church ([[Congregation of the Holy Spirit|Spiritans]], [[Sisters of Loreto]], [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]]) or Protestant denominations ([[Church of Ireland]], [[Presbyterian]]). Newer private schools which cater for the [[Leaving Certificate (Ireland)|Leaving Cert]] cycle such as the [[Institute of Education (Dublin)|Institute of Education]] and [[Ashfield College]] are generally non-denominational and co-educational. In 2018, [[Nord Anglia International School Dublin]] opened in [[Leopardstown]], becoming the most expensive private school in Ireland.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/education/inside-nord-anglia-ireland-s-most-expensive-school-1.3637169?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Feducation%2Finside-nord-anglia-ireland-s-most-expensive-school-1.3637169|title=Inside Nord Anglia: Ireland's most expensive school|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=30 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630022622/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/education/inside-nord-anglia-ireland-s-most-expensive-school-1.3637169?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Feducation%2Finside-nord-anglia-ireland-s-most-expensive-school-1.3637169|url-status=live}}</ref>

As of 2023–24, four of Dublin's third level institutions are listed in the Top 500 of either the [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings|Times Higher Education]] Rankings or the [[QS World University Rankings|QS World Rankings]], placing them amongst the top 5% of all third level institutions in the world. TCD (81), UCD (171) and DCU (436) are within the Top 500 of the QS rankings; and TCD (161), RCSI (201–250), UCD (201–250) and DCU (451–500) and are within the Top 500 of the Times rankings. Newly amalgamated TUD also placed within the world's Top 1,000 universities in the QS rankings, and within the Top 500 for Engineering and Electronics.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2024?&countries=ie|title=QS World University Rankings 2024|work=Quacquarelli Symonds|access-date=2 July 2023|archive-date=2 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702100955/https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2024?&countries=ie|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2023/world-ranking#!/length/25/locations/IRL/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats|title=Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2023|work=Times Higher Education|date=4 October 2022 |access-date=2 July 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225204846/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2023/world-ranking#!/length/25/locations/IRL/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats|url-status=live}}</ref>

County Dublin has four public universities, as well as numerous other colleges, institutes of technology and institutes of further education. Several of Dublin's largest third level institutions and their associated abbreviations are listed below:

[[File:DUBLIN(1837) p049 THE COLLEGE OF SURGEONS.jpg|thumb|"[[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland|The College of Surgeons]], Dublin". 1837.<ref>''Dublin delineated in twenty-six views, etc''. Dublin: G. Tyrrell, 1937. p. 49.</ref>]]
*[[Dublin Business School]] (DBS)
*[[Dublin City University]] (DCU)
*[[Dún Laoghaire Institute of Art, Design and Technology]] (IADT)
*[[Griffith College Dublin]] (GCD)
*[[National College of Ireland]] (NCI)
*[[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland]] (RCSI)
*[[Technological University Dublin]] (TUD)
*[[Trinity College Dublin]] (TCD)
*[[University College Dublin]] (UCD)

==Politics==

===Elections===
[[File:Dublin Dail Eireann Constituencies (2020).png|thumb|[[Dáil constituencies]] of County Dublin]]
For elections to [[Dáil Éireann]], the area of the county is currently divided into eleven [[Dáil constituencies|constituencies]]: [[Dublin Bay North (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay North]], [[Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Bay South]], [[Dublin Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Central]], [[Dublin Fingal (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Fingal]], [[Dublin Mid-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Mid-West]], [[Dublin North-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North-West]], [[Dublin Rathdown (Dáil constituency)|Dublin Rathdown]], [[Dublin South-Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-Central]], [[Dublin South-West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-West]], [[Dublin West (Dáil constituency)|Dublin West]], and [[Dún Laoghaire (Dáil constituency)|Dún Laoghaire]]. Together they return 45 deputies ([[Teachta Dála|TDs]]) to the Dáil.

The first [[Parliament of Ireland|Irish Parliament]] convened in the small village of [[Castledermot]], [[County Kildare]] on 18 June 1264. Representatives from seven constituencies were present, one of which was the constituency of [[Dublin City (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Dublin City]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/visit-and-learn/history-and-buildings/history-of-parliament-in-ireland/|title=History of Parliament in Ireland|work=oireachtas.ie|date=23 June 2021|access-date=25 June 2021|archive-date=29 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329185418/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/visit-and-learn/history-and-buildings/history-of-parliament-in-ireland/|url-status=live}}</ref> Dublin was historically represented in the [[Irish House of Commons]] through the constituencies of [[Dublin City (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Dublin City]] and [[County Dublin (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|County Dublin]]. Three smaller constituencies had been created by the 17th century: [[Swords (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Swords]]; which was created sometime between 1560 and 1585, with Walter Fitzsimons and Thomas Taylor being its first recorded [[Irish House of Commons|MPs]]; [[Newcastle (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Newcastle]] in the west of the county, created in 1613; and [[Dublin University (constituency)|Dublin University]], which was a [[university constituency]] covering Trinity College, also created in 1613.<ref>{{Cite thesis|url=http://www.tara.tcd.ie/handle/2262/77206|hdl=2262/77206|title=A biographical dictionary of the membership of the Irish House of Commons 1640–1641|year=1998|publisher=Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of History|type=thesis|last1=McGrath|first1=Brid|access-date=25 June 2021|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309155453/http://www.tara.tcd.ie/handle/2262/77206|url-status=live}}</ref> While proceedings of the Irish Parliament were well-documented, many of the records from this time were lost during the [[Battle of Dublin#Assault on the Four Courts|shelling of the Four Courts]] in July 1922.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.courts.ie/four-courts |title=The Four Courts |publisher=Courts Service of Ireland |access-date=16 September 2020 |archive-date=25 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925093130/https://www.courts.ie/four-courts |url-status=live }}</ref>

Following the [[Acts of Union 1800]], Dublin was represented in [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|Westminster]] through three constituencies from 1801 to 1885: [[Dublin City (UK Parliament constituency)|Dublin City]], [[County Dublin (UK Parliament constituency)|County Dublin]] and the [[Dublin University (constituency)|Dublin University]]. A series of local government and electoral reforms in the late 19th century radically alerted the county's political map, and by 1918 there were twelve constituencies within County Dublin.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gailey |first1=Andrew |date=May 1984 |title=Unionist Rhetoric and Irish Local Government Reform, 1895-9 |journal=Irish Historic Studies |volume=24 |issue=93 |pages=52–68 |jstor=30008026 |doi= 10.1017/S0021121400034027|s2cid=159923053 }}</ref>

Throughout the twentieth century the representation in Dublin expanded as the population grew. In the [[Electoral Act 1923]], the first division of constituencies arranged by Irish legislation, geographical constituencies in Dublin were 23 of the 147 TDs in geographical constituencies;<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1923|num=12|title=[[Electoral Act 1923]]|date=17 April 1923|access-date=10 October 2021|parl=ifs|schedno=8|stitle=Constituencies}}</ref> this contrasts with 45 of 160 at the most recent division.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2017|num=39|schedule=y|title=[[Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017]]|date=23 December 2017|access-date=8 August 2021}}</ref>

Twenty-three [[Dáil Éireann]] constituencies have been created and abolished within the county since independence, the most recent being the constituencies of [[Dublin South (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South]], [[Dublin North (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North]], [[Dublin North-Central (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North-Central]], [[Dublin North-East (Dáil constituency)|Dublin North-East]] and [[Dublin South-East (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South-East]], which were abolished in 2016.

Of the fifteen people to have held the office of [[Taoiseach]] since 1922, more than half were either born or raised within County Dublin: [[W. T. Cosgrave]], [[John A. Costello]], [[Seán Lemass]], [[Liam Cosgrave]], [[Charles Haughey]] (born in [[County Mayo]] but raised in Dublin), [[Garret FitzGerald]], [[Bertie Ahern]] and [[Leo Varadkar]] (Cosgrave held the office of [[President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State|President of the Executive Council]]; by convention, Taoisigh are numbered to include this position). Conversely, just one of Ireland's nine [[President of Ireland|presidents]] have hailed from the county, namely [[Seán T. O'Kelly]], who served as president from 1945 to 1959.

====European elections====
The four local government areas in County Dublin form the 4-seat constituency of [[Dublin (European Parliament constituency)|Dublin]] in [[European Parliament elections]].<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2019|num=7|section=7|stitle=Substitution of Third Schedule to Principal Act |title=European Parliament Elections (Amendment) Act 2019|date=12 March 2019|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref>

===National government===
[[File:Dublin-Dept-Of-Taoiseach-2012.JPG|thumb|left|[[Department of the Taoiseach]]]]
[[File:Áras an Uachtaráin-2011.jpg|thumb|[[Áras an Uachtaráin]], residence of the [[president of Ireland]]]]
[[File:Barack Obama and Enda Kenny at Farmleigh.jpg|right|thumb|[[Farmleigh]], the official Irish State guesthouse]]
As the capital city, Dublin is the seat of the national parliament of Ireland, the [[Oireachtas]]. It is composed of the [[president of Ireland]], [[Dáil Éireann]] as a house of representatives, and [[Seanad Éireann]] as an upper house. Both houses of the Oireachtas meet in [[Leinster House]], a former ducal palace on [[Kildare Street]]. It has been the home of the Irish government since the creation of the [[Irish Free State]]. The [[First Dáil]] of the revolutionary [[Irish Republic]] met in the Round Room of the [[Mansion House, Dublin|Mansion House]], the present-day residence of the [[Lord Mayor of Dublin|lord mayor of Dublin]], in January 1919. The former [[Parliament of Ireland|Irish Parliament]], which was abolished in 1801, was located at [[College Green, Dublin|College Green]]; [[Parliament House, Dublin|Parliament House]] now holds a branch of [[Bank of Ireland]]. [[Government Buildings]], located on [[Merrion Street]], houses the [[Department of the Taoiseach]], the Council Chamber, the [[Department of Finance (Ireland)|Department of Finance]], and the [[Attorney General of Ireland|Office of the Attorney General]].<ref>{{cite book|publisher=Department of the Taoiseach |title=Guide to Government Buildings |year=2005}}</ref>

The president resides in [[Áras an Uachtaráin]] in [[Phoenix Park]], a stately ranger's lodge built in 1757. The house was bought by [[the Crown]] in 1780 to be used as the summer residence of the [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland|lord lieutenant of Ireland]], the British [[viceroy]] in the [[Kingdom of Ireland]]. Following independence, the lodge was earmarked as the potential home of the [[Governor-General of the Irish Free State|governor-general]], but this was highly controversial as it symbolised continued British rule over Ireland, so it was left empty for many years. President [[Douglas Hyde]] "temporarily" occupied the building in 1938, as Taoiseach [[Éamon de Valera]] intended to demolish it and build a more modest presidential bungalow on the site. Those plans were scrapped during [[The Emergency (Ireland)|The Emergency]] and the lodge became the president's permanent residence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/the-aras-accidentally-home-to-the-president-1.163019|title=The Aras: accidentally home to the President|publisher=The Irish Times|access-date=25 June 2021|date=13 June 1998|archive-date=24 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924143159/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/the-aras-accidentally-home-to-the-president-1.163019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Much like Áras an Uachtaráin, many of the grand estate homes of the former aristocracy were re-purposed for State use in the 20th century. The [[Deerfield Residence]], also in Phoenix Park, is the official residence of the [[United States Ambassador to Ireland|United States ambassador to Ireland]], while [[Glencairn House]] in south Dublin is used as the [[List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Ireland|British ambassador]]'s residence. [[Farmleigh|Farmleigh House]], one of the [[Guinness family]] residences, was acquired by the government in 1999 for use as the official [[Republic of Ireland|Irish]] [[state guest house]].

Many other prominent judicial and political organs are located within Dublin, including the [[Four Courts]], which is the principal seat of the [[Supreme Court of Ireland|Supreme Court]], the [[Court of Appeal (Ireland)|Court of Appeal]], the [[High Court (Ireland)|High Court]] and the [[Circuit Court (Ireland)|Dublin Circuit Court]]; and the [[The Custom House|Custom House]], which houses the [[Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage]]. Once the centuries-long seat of the [[Dublin Castle administration|British government's administration in Ireland]], [[Dublin Castle]] is now only used for ceremonial purposes, such as policy launches, hosting of State visits, and the [[Irish presidential inauguration|inauguration of the president]].<ref>{{cite book|last= Costello|first= Peter|year= 1999|title= Dublin Castle, in the life of the Irish nation|publisher= Wolfhound Press|location= Dublin|isbn= 0-86327-610-5|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/dublincastleinli00cost}}</ref>

===Social issues and ideology===
Dublin is among the most socially liberal places in Ireland, and popular sentiment on issues such as [[LGBT rights in the Republic of Ireland|LGBT rights]], [[abortion]] and divorce has often foreran the rest of the island. Referendums held on these issues have consistently received much stronger support within Dublin, particularly the south of the county, than the majority of the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/most-liberal-constituency-turns-out-in-style-and-gets-it-right-again-26031698.html|title=Most liberal constituency turns out in style and gets it right again|publisher=The Irish Independent|access-date=25 June 2021|date=21 October 2002|archive-date=25 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625161203/https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/most-liberal-constituency-turns-out-in-style-and-gets-it-right-again-26031698.html|url-status=live}}</ref> While over 66% of voters nationally voted in favour of the [[Eighth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland|Eighth Amendment]] in 1983, 58% of voters in [[Dún Laoghaire (Dáil constituency)|Dún Laoghaire]] and 55% in [[Dublin South (Dáil constituency)|Dublin South]] voted against it. In 2018, over 75.5% of voters in County Dublin voted to [[Thirty-sixth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland|repeal]] the amendment, compared with 66.4% nationally.

In 1987, Dublin Senator [[David Norris (politician)|David Norris]] took the Irish government to the [[European Court of Human Rights]] (see ''[[Norris v. Ireland]]'') over the criminalisation of homosexual acts. In 1988, the court ruled that the law criminalising same sex activities was contrary to the [[European Convention on Human Rights]], in particular Article 8 which protects the right to respect for private life. The law was held to infringe on the right of adults to engage in acts of their own choice.<ref>Norris v. Ireland – 10581/83 (European Court of Human Rights)</ref> This led directly to the repeal of the law in 1993. Numerous LGBT events and venues are now located within the county. [[Dublin Pride]] is an annual [[pride parade]] held on the last Saturday of June and is Ireland's largest public LGBT event. In 2018, an estimated 60,000 people attended.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/record-numbers-attend-dublin-pride-parade-1.3549866|title=Record numbers attend Dublin Pride Parade|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=30 June 2018|last=Gallagher|first=Conor|access-date=25 June 2021|archive-date=11 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411125905/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/record-numbers-attend-dublin-pride-parade-1.3549866|url-status=live}}</ref> During the [[Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland|2015 vote]] to allow same-sex marriage, 71% of County Dublin voted in favour, compared with 62% nationally.

In general, the south-eastern coastal regions of the county such as Dún Laoghaire and Dublin Bay South are a stronghold for the [[Liberal conservatism|liberal-conservative]] [[Fine Gael]] party.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cora.ucc.ie/bitstream/handle/10468/9999/Full%20Text%20E-thesis.pdf?sequence=3|title=Keeping it local: an investigation of the phenomenon of 'friends and neighbours' voting at the Irish general elections of 2011 and 2016|publisher=UCC|access-date=25 June 2021|date=4 October 2019|archive-date=25 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625161215/https://cora.ucc.ie/bitstream/handle/10468/9999/Full%20Text%20E-thesis.pdf?sequence=3|url-status=live}}</ref> Since the late-2000s the [[Green Party (Ireland)|Green Party]] has also developed a strong support base in these areas. The [[Democratic socialism|democratic socialist]] [[Sinn Féin]] party generally performs well in south-central and west Dublin, in areas like Tallaght and [[Crumlin, Dublin|Crumlin]]. In recent elections Sinn Féin have increasingly taken votes in traditional [[Labour Party (Ireland)|Labour Party]] areas, whose support has been on the decline since [[2016 Irish general election|2016]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/irelands-left-wing-nationalists-surge-in-historic-but-inconclusive-election/2020/02/09/6df56f36-4926-11ea-8a1f-de1597be6cbc_story.html|title=Ireland's left-wing nationalist Sinn Fein party surges in historic but inconclusive election|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=25 June 2021|date=4 February 2020|archive-date=15 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615225840/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/irelands-left-wing-nationalists-surge-in-historic-but-inconclusive-election/2020/02/09/6df56f36-4926-11ea-8a1f-de1597be6cbc_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result of the economic crisis, [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]] [[Fianna Fáil]] failed to gain a single seat in Dublin in the [[2011 Irish general election|2011 general election]]. This was a first for the long-time dominant party of Irish politics.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/fianna-fail-election-2016-performance-analysis-ge16-2634557-Mar2016/|title=Fianna Fáil are back, and they're no longer 'male, stale and outside the Pale'|publisher=joe.ie|access-date=25 June 2021|date=4 March 2016|archive-date=25 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625161203/https://www.thejournal.ie/fianna-fail-election-2016-performance-analysis-ge16-2634557-Mar2016/|url-status=live}}</ref> The party regained a footing in 7 of the 11 Dublin constituencies in 2020, and were also the largest party in Dublin City, Fingal and South Dublin in the [[2019 Irish local elections|2019 local elections]].

==Sport==

===GAA===
Dublin is a [[dual county]] in [[Gaelic games]], and it competes at a similar level in both [[hurling]]/[[camogie]] and [[Gaelic football]]. The [[Dublin GAA|Dublin county board]] is the governing body for Gaelic games within the county. The county's current GAA crest, adopted in 2004, represents Dublin's four constituent areas. The castle represents Dublin city, the [[Crow (heraldry)|raven]] represents Fingal, the Viking longboat represents Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and the [[Máel Ruain|book of Saint Tamhlacht]] in the centre represents South Dublin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublingaa.ie/history/history-of-crest|title=History of the Crest|publisher=Dublin GAA|date=23 July 2017|access-date=9 August 2021|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309232816/https://www.dublingaa.ie/history/history-of-crest|url-status=live}}</ref>

In Gaelic football, the [[Dublin county football team|Dublin county team]] competes annually in Division 1 of the [[National Football League (Ireland)|National Football League]] and the provincial [[Leinster Senior Football Championship]]. Dublin is the dominant force of [[Leinster GAA|Leinster]] football, with [[Leinster Senior Football Championship#Roll of honour|62]] Leinster Senior Championship wins. Nationally, the county is second only to [[Kerry GAA|Kerry]] for [[All-Ireland Senior Football Championship]] titles. The two counties are [[Dublin–Kerry Gaelic football rivalry|fierce rivals]], and a meeting between them is considered the biggest game in Gaelic football.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/sport/kerry-pioneers-the-kings-of-the-urban-rural-frontier-1.602387|title=Kerry pioneers the kings of the urban-rural frontier|publisher=Irish Times|date=17 September 2011|access-date=20 March 2016|first=Seán|last=Moran|archive-date=1 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401110119/http://www.irishtimes.com/sport/kerry-pioneers-the-kings-of-the-urban-rural-frontier-1.602387|url-status=live}}</ref> Dublin has won the All-Ireland on [[All-Ireland Senior Football Championship records and statistics|31]] occasions, including a record 6 in a row from 2015 to 2020.

In hurling, the [[Dublin county hurling team|Dublin hurling team]] currently compete in Division 1B of the [[National Hurling League]] and in the [[Leinster Senior Hurling Championship]]. Dublin is the second most successful hurling county in Leinster after [[Kilkenny GAA|Kilkenny]], albeit a distant second, with [[Leinster Senior Hurling Championship records and statistics|24]] Leinster hurling titles. The county has seen less success in the [[All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship]], ranking joint-fifth alongside [[Wexford GAA|Wexford]]. Dublin has been in 21 All-Ireland hurling finals, winning just [[All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship records and statistics|6]], the most recent of which was in 1938.

Within the county, Gaelic football and hurling clubs compete in the [[Dublin Senior Football Championship]] and the [[Dublin Senior Hurling Championship]], which were both established in 1887. [[St Vincents GAA|St Vincents]] based in [[Marino, Dublin|Marino]] and [[Faughs GAA Club|Faughs]] based in [[Templeogue]] are by far the most successful clubs in Dublin their respective sports. Four Dublin football teams have won the [[All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship]]; St Vincents, [[Kilmacud Crokes GAA|Kilmacud Crokes]], [[UCD GAA|UCD]] and [[Ballyboden St Enda's GAA|Ballyboden St Enda's]]. Despite their historic dominance in Dublin, Faughs have never won an [[All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship]]. Since the early 2010s, Dalkey's [[Cuala G.A.A.|Cuala]] have been the county's main hurling force, and the club won back-to-back All-Ireland's in 2017 and 2018.

===Soccer===
[[File:Tallaght Stadium (2014).jpg|thumb|[[Tallaght Stadium]]]]
[[File:Avia Stadion Dublin Irland (126472271).jpeg|thumb|Both the [[Republic of Ireland national football team|national football team]] and [[Ireland national rugby union team|national rugby team]] of Ireland are based in the [[Aviva Stadium]]]]
Association football (soccer) is one of the most popular sports within the county. While Gaelic games are the most watched sport in Dublin, association football is the most widely played, and there are over 200 amateur football clubs in County Dublin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Soccer in Dublin |url=https://dublin.ie/live/sports/soccer/ |url-status=live |work=dublin.ie |access-date=23 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506025037/https://dublin.ie/live/sports/soccer/ |archive-date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> [[Dalymount Park]] in [[Phibsborough]] is known as the "home of Irish football", as it is both the country's oldest stadium and the former home ground for the national team from 1904 until 1990.<ref>{{cite book |title=Dalymount Park: The Home of Irish Football |first=Colin |last=White |publisher=[[Columba Press]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1782188490}}</ref> The [[Republic of Ireland national football team]] is currently based in the 52,000 seater [[Aviva Stadium]], which was built on the site of the old [[Lansdowne Road]] stadium in 2010. The Aviva Stadium has hosted the final of the [[UEFA Europa League]] twice, in [[2011 UEFA Europa League Final|2011]] and [[2024 UEFA Europa League final|2024]]. Five [[League of Ireland]] football clubs are based within County Dublin; [[Bohemians F.C.]], [[Shamrock Rovers F.C.|Shamrock Rovers]], [[St Patrick's Athletic F.C.|St Patrick's Athletic]], [[University College Dublin A.F.C.|University College Dublin]] and [[Shelbourne F.C.|Shelbourne]].

Shamrock Rovers, formerly of [[Milltown, Dublin|Milltown]] but now based in [[Tallaght]], are the most successful club in the country, with 21 League of Ireland titles. They were also the first Irish side to reach the group stages of a European competition when they qualified for the [[2011–12 UEFA Europa League group stage]]. The [[Dublin University Football Club]], founded in 1854, are technically the world's [[oldest football club|oldest extant football club]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mmFGCgAAQBAJ&dq=dublin+university+fc+oldest&pg=PT45 ''Rugby: A New Zealand History''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204940/https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=mmFGCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT45&lpg=PT45&dq=dublin+university+fc+oldest&source=bl&ots=v_x4Ik78eB&sig=ACfU3U0wVaPcothgTtG0wpvwGhfJNQJZUQ&hl=es-419&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBnqmzh8jnAhUZILkGHffoDPYQ6AEwG3oECAsQAQ#v=onepage&q=dublin%20university%20fc%20oldest&f=false |date=24 June 2021 }} by Ron Palenski, Auckland University Press (2015) – {{ISBN|978-1869408367}}</ref> However, the club currently only plays [[rugby union]]. Bohemians are Ireland's third oldest club currently playing football, after Belfast's [[Cliftonville F.C.]] and [[Athlone Town A.F.C.]] The [[Bohemians–Shamrock Rovers rivalry]] not only involves Dublin's two biggest clubs, but it is also a Northside-Southside rivalry, making it the most intense derby match in the county.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rivals set for new chapter in old capital affair |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/sport/2009/0318/1224243007339.html |newspaper=The Irish Times |date=18 March 2009 |access-date=25 March 2009 |archive-date=18 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018133105/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/sport/2009/0318/1224243007339.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Club !! League !! Stadium (capacity) !! Established !! Titles
|-
| '''[[Bohemian F.C.|Bohemians]]''' || rowspan="4" | [[League of Ireland Premier Division|LOI Premier Division]] || [[Dalymount Park]] (3,400) || 1890 || 11
|-
| '''[[St Patrick's Athletic F.C.|St Patrick's Athletic]]''' || [[Richmond Park (football ground)|Richmond Park]] (5,340) || 1929 || 8
|-
| '''[[Shamrock Rovers F.C.|Shamrock Rovers]]''' || [[Tallaght Stadium]] (8,000) || 1899 || 21
|-
| '''[[Shelbourne F.C.|Shelbourne]]''' || [[Tolka Park]] (4,400) || 1895 || 13
|-
| '''[[University College Dublin A.F.C.|University College Dublin]]''' || rowspan="1" | [[League of Ireland First Division|LOI First Division]] || [[UCD Bowl]] (3,000) || 1895 || 0
|-
|}

===Other sports===
[[File:County Dublin - Golf Links Hotel (Portmarnock) - 20190511195853.jpg|thumb|Clubhouse at [[Portmarnock Golf Club]]]]
[[Rugby Union]] is the county's third most popular sport, after Gaelic games and football. [[Leinster Rugby]] play their competitive home games in the [[RDS Arena]] & the [[Aviva Stadium]]. [[Donnybrook Stadium]] hosts Leinster's friendlies and A games, as well as the Ireland A and Women's teams, Leinster Schools and Youths and the home club games of [[AIB League|All Ireland League]] sides [[Old Wesley]] and [[Bective Rangers]]. County Dublin is home to 13 of the senior rugby union clubs in Ireland, including 5 of the 10 sides in the top division 1A.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.irishrugby.ie/ulsterbankleague/tables.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130804012925/http://www.irishrugby.ie/ulsterbankleague/tables.php|url-status=dead|title=Irish Rugby : Club & Community : Ulster Bank League : Ulster Bank League Tables|archive-date=4 August 2013}}</ref>

Other popular sports in the county include: cricket, hockey, golf, tennis, athletics and equestrian activities. Dublin has two [[List of One Day International cricket grounds|ODI cricket grounds]] in [[Castle Avenue, Dublin|Castle Avenue]] and [[Malahide Cricket Club Ground]], and the [[Phoenix Cricket Club]], founded in 1830, is the oldest in Ireland. As with many other sporting organisations in the county, the [[Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club]] is one of the world's oldest.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fitzwilliam tennis club elects first woman president in 140 years |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/other-sports/fitzwilliam-tennis-club-elects-first-woman-president-in-140-years-1.2898763?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fsport%2Fother-sports%2Ffitzwilliam-tennis-club-elects-first-woman-president-in-140-years-1.2898763 |website=irishtimes.com |access-date=26 June 2020 |archive-date=30 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630012621/https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/other-sports/fitzwilliam-tennis-club-elects-first-woman-president-in-140-years-1.2898763?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fsport%2Fother-sports%2Ffitzwilliam-tennis-club-elects-first-woman-president-in-140-years-1.2898763 |url-status=live }}</ref> It hosted the now-discontinued [[Irish Open (tennis)|Irish Open]] from 1879 until 1983. Field hockey, particularly women's field hockey, is becoming increasingly popular within the county.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/joint_committee_on_transport_tourism_and_sport/2019-12-11/3/|title=Joint Committee on Transport, Tourism and Sport debate – Wednesday, 11 Dec 2019|publisher=oireachtas.ie|access-date=23 June 2021|date=11 December 2019|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203153/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/joint_committee_on_transport_tourism_and_sport/2019-12-11/3/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Ireland women's national field hockey team]] made it to the [[2018 Women's Hockey World Cup|2018 World Cup]] final, and many of the players on that team were from Dublin clubs, such as [[UCD Ladies' Hockey Club|UCD]], [[Old Alex Hockey Club|Old Alex]], [[Loreto Hockey Club|Loreto]], [[Monkstown Hockey Club|Monkstown]], Muckross and [[Railway Union Sports Club|Railway Union]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.joe.ie/sport/penalty-win-sends-ireland-hockey-world-cup-final-635634|title=Ireland have reached the World Cup final after beating Spain on penalties|publisher=joe.ie|access-date=15 September 2018|date=4 August 2018|archive-date=18 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918231736/https://www.joe.ie/sport/penalty-win-sends-ireland-hockey-world-cup-final-635634|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Dublin Horse Show takes place at the [[Royal Dublin Society|RDS]], which hosted the [[Show Jumping World Championships]] in 1982, and the county has a [[horse racing]] track at [[Leopardstown Racecourse|Leopardstown]] which hosts the [[Irish Champion Stakes]] every September. Dublin houses the national stadium for both boxing ([[National Stadium (Ireland)|National Stadium]]) and basketball ([[National Basketball Arena]]), and the city hosted the [[2003 Special Olympics World Summer Games|2003 Special Olympics]]. Although a small county in size, Dublin contains one third of Leinster's 168 golf courses,<ref>{{cite news |title=Top 100 Golf Courses – Dublin |url=https://www.top100golfcourses.com/golf-courses/britain-ireland/ireland/dublin |url-status=live |work=top100golfcourses.com |access-date=23 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824123607/https://www.top100golfcourses.com/golf-courses/britain-ireland/ireland/dublin |archive-date=24 August 2021 }}</ref> and three-time [[Men's major golf championships|major]] winner [[Pádraig Harrington]] is from [[Rathfarnham]].

==Media==
Local radio stations include [[Dublin's 98FM|98FM]], [[FM104]], [[Dublin City FM]], [[Dublin's Q102|Q102]], [[SPIN 1038]], [[Sunshine 106.8]], [[Raidió Na Life]] and [[Radio Nova 100FM (Ireland)|Radio Nova]].

Local newspapers include ''[[The Echo (Dublin newspaper)|The Echo]]'', and the ''[[Liffey Champion]]''.

Most of the area can receive the five main UK television channels as well as the main Irish channels, along with Sky TV and [[Virgin Media Ireland]] cable television.

==Places of interest==
{{see also|List of National Monuments in County Dublin}}
[[File:Longitude2019.jpg|thumb|Festival at [[Marlay Park]]]]
[[File:KILLINEY-147 (1424762996).jpg|right|thumbnail|Killiney Bay]]
[[File:MalahideCastle.jpg|right|thumbnail|[[Malahide Castle]]]]
[[File:Howth Harbour, Co. Fingal (506148) (25730106934).jpg|right|thumbnail|[[Howth]]]]
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[3Arena (Dublin)|3Arena]]
* [[Abbey Theatre]]
* [[Aviva Stadium]]
* [[Blanchardstown Centre]]
* [[Bord Gáis Energy Theatre]]
* [[Broadmeadow River#Broadmeadow Estuary|Broadmeadow Estuary]]
* [[Bull Island]]
* [[Chester Beatty Library]]
* [[Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin|Christ Church Cathedral]]
* [[Clondalkin Round Tower]]
* [[College Green, Dublin|College Green]]
* [[Convention Centre Dublin]]
* [[Croke Park|Croke Park (stadium)]]
* [[The Custom House]]
* [[Dalkey Island]]
* [[Douglas Hyde Gallery]]
* [[Drimnagh Castle]]
* [[Drumanagh|Drumanagh Head]]
* [[Dublin Castle]]
* [[Dublin Zoo]]
* [[Dundrum Town Centre]]
* [[EPIC The Irish Emigration Museum|EPIC – The Irish Emigration Museum]]
* [[Forty Foot|The Forty Foot]]
* [[Four Courts]] 
* [[Gaiety Theatre, Dublin|Gaiety Theatre]]
* [[Gate Theatre]]
* [[General Post Office, Dublin|The General Post Office (GPO)]]
* [[George's Street Arcade]]
* [[Glasnevin Cemetery]] 
* [[Glenasmole|Glenasmole Valley]]
* [[Grafton Street]]
* [[Grand Canal Dock]]
* [[Guinness Storehouse]]
* [[Henry Street, Dublin|Henry Street]]
* [[Howth Castle]]
* [[Howth Head]]
* [[Hugh Lane Gallery]]
* [[Irish Museum of Modern Art]]
* [[Irish National War Memorial Gardens]]
* [[James Joyce Centre]]
* [[Jameson Distillery Bow St.|Jameson Distillery]]
* [[Killiney Hill]] 
* [[Kilmainham Gaol]] 
* [[Kilmashogue|Kilmashogue Wedge Tomb]]
* [[Kippure]]
* [[Lambay Island]]
* [[Leinster House]]
* [[Leopardstown Racecourse]] 
* [[Liberty Hall]]
* [[The Little Museum of Dublin]]
* [[Malahide Castle]]
* [[Marlay Park]]
* [[Martello towers in the Greater Dublin Area|Martello Towers]]
* [[Merrion Square]]
* [[Montpelier Hill]]
* [[Mount Jerome Cemetery]]
* [[Museum of Literature Ireland]]
* [[National Botanic Gardens (Ireland)|National Botanic Gardens]]
* [[National Concert Hall]]
* [[National Gallery of Ireland]]
* [[National Library of Ireland]]
* [[National Museum of Ireland]]
* [[National Wax Museum Plus|National Wax Museum]]
* [[National Museum of Ireland – Natural History|Natural History Museum]] 
* [[Olympia Theatre, Dublin|Olympia Theatre]]
* [[Phoenix Park]]
* [[Poolbeg Lighthouse]]
* [[Portrane|Portrane Beach]]
* [[Rathfarnham Castle]]
* [[Richmond Barracks]]
* [[Royal Hibernian Academy]]
* [[Rush, County Dublin|Rush Beach (North & South)]]
* [[Seapoint]]
* [[Skerries, County Dublin|Skerries Natural Heritage Area]]
* [[Spire of Dublin]]
* [[Lusk, County Dublin|St Macuilin's Church, Lusk]]
* [[St Anne's Park]]
* [[Saint Enda's Park]] and the [[Pearse Museum]]
* [[St Mary's Pro-Cathedral]]
* [[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin|St Patrick's Cathedral]]
* [[St Stephen's Green]]
* [[St. Michan's Church, Dublin|St Michan's Church]]
* [[Temple Bar, Dublin|Temple Bar]]
* [[Three Rock]] 
* [[Tibradden]] 
* [[Ticknock|Ticknock Forest]]
* [[Trinity College Dublin]], including the [[Library of Trinity College Dublin|Old Library]]
* [[Two Rock]]
* [[Portmarnock|Velvet Strand]]
{{div col end}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Ireland}}
* [[List of regions of the Republic of Ireland|List of regions of Ireland]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
*{{cite book |last=Dun Laoghaire Rathdown County Council |author-link=Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown |title=Did You Know...? Forgotten Aspects of our Local Heritage |year=2009 |publisher=Dun Laoghaire Rathdown County Council |location=Dublin |isbn=978-0-9557829-2-3 }}
*{{cite book |last=Downham |first=C |year=2013 |chapter=Living on the Edge: Scandinavian Dublin in the Twelfth Century |title=No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age |series=Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies |publisher=Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, [[University of Aberdeen]] |location=Aberdeen |pages=157–178 |issn=2051-6509 |isbn=978-0-9557720-1-6 |ref=D5 }}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{wikivoyage}}
{{Wikinews category}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040719074422/http://www.dra.ie/ Dublin Regional Authority]
* [https://www.dublinhistoricmaps.ie/boundaries/dublin-city-limits/index.html Dublin Historic Maps, Boundaries & an OSM Miscellany]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040618040951/http://www.irish-architecture.com/buildings_ireland/dublin/ Architecture of County Dublin]
* [http://www.irishtimes.com/ancestor/fuses/civilparish/index.cfm?fuseaction=GetMap&CityCounty=Dublin Civil parishes of County Dublin, from Ireland.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528124817/http://www.irishtimes.com/ancestor/fuses/civilparish/index.cfm?fuseaction=GetMap&CityCounty=Dublin |date=28 May 2015 }}
* [http://www.likeplace.ie/places/index_state.php?state=Dublin Score for 'Quality of Life' in County Dublin]
* [http://www.gaelscoileanna.ie/assets/Staitisticí-2010-2011_Gaeilge.pdf Gaelscoil stats]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

{{Adjacent communities
|North = [[County Meath]] [[File:Meath coa.svg|32px]]
|South = [[County Wicklow]]
|East = [[Irish Sea]]
|West = [[County Meath]] [[File:Meath coa.svg|32px]]<br />[[County Kildare]]
|Centre = County Dublin
}}

{{Areas of Dublin}}
{{Rivers of County Dublin}}
{{Mountains and hills of County Dublin}}
{{Regions of RoI}}
{{Counties of Ireland}}
{{Authority control}}
 <!-- see [[WP:SUBCAT#Topic_article_rule]] -->
{{coord|53|25|N|6|15|W|region:IE_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:County Dublin| ]]
[[Category:Leinster|Dublin]]
[[Category:Counties of the Republic of Ireland|Dublin]]
[[Category:NUTS statistical regions of the Republic of Ireland]]