Editing Cuando Cubango Province

{{Short description|Province of Angola}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name                     = Cuando Cubango
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| image_map                = Cuando Cubango in Angola.svg
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| map_caption              = Cuando Cubango, former province of Angola
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| subdivision_name         = [[Angola]]
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| seat_type                = [[Capital (political)|Capital]]
| seat                     = [[Menongue]]
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| area_total_km2           = 199049
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| population_footnotes     = <ref name =Censo2014>{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |title=Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação - 2014 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola |df=dmy |archive-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214215245/https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_total         = 534002
| population_as_of         = 2014 census
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| blank_name_sec1          = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2018)
| blank_info_sec1          = 0.498<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2020-02-27}}</ref><br/>{{color|#900|low}} · [[List of provinces of Angola by Human Development Index|16th]]
| iso_code                 = AO-CCU
| website                  = {{URL|www.kuandokubango.gov.ao}}
| footnotes                = 
}}
[[File:Província do Cuando-Cubango.jpg|300px|thumb|Cuando Cubango Province]]
'''Cuando Cubango''' ([[Umbundu]]: Kwando Kubango Volupale) was a former [[Provinces of Angola|province]] of [[Angola]]. It was divided into the provinces of [[Cuando Province|Cuando]] and [[Cubango Province|Cubango]] in 2024.<ref name=gazette>{{cite news |url=https://mpla.ao/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Lei14.24de5deSetembro.pdf |title=Lei n.° 14/24 de 5 de Setembro |date=5 September 2024 |issue=171 |pages=9800–10505 |newspaper=Diário da República |publisher=[[Government of Angola]] |accessdate=29 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Manuel |first=Victor |url=https://angop.ao/noticias/grandes-reportagens/angola-novo-ano-novo-mapa/ |title=Angola: Novo ano novo mapa |date=25 December 2024 |publisher=[[ANGOP]] |accessdate=29 December 2024}}</ref>

Cuando Cubango had an area of 199,049km<sup>2</sup> and a population of 534,002 in 2014.<ref name =Censo2014>{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |title=Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação - 2014 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola |df=dmy |archive-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214215245/https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Menongue]] was the capital of the province.

The name of the province derives from that of the [[Cuando River|Cuando]] and [[Cubango River|Cubango]] rivers, which flow through the eastern and western edges of the province, respectively.

== History ==

Throughout much of the 1980s and 1990s, Cuando Cubango served as the location for the primary base camp of Angola's [[UNITA]] rebel movement, led by [[Jonas Savimbi]]. The rebel movement received support from the United States as part of the [[Cold War]] conflict against Angola's Marxist government, which was supported by the [[Soviet Union]], [[Cuba]] and other communist states.

Savimbi and UNITA maintained a large and clandestine base camp in the Cubando Cubango town of [[Jamba, Cuando Cubango|Jamba]]. The camp was protected by anti-aircraft weapons and included an air strip, which was used for the delivery of military and other supplies, which typically arrived from neighboring [[Zaire]]. The [[Angolan Civil War]] ultimately became one of the most prominent conflicts of the Cold War, with both the United States and the Soviet Union depicting its outcome as important to the global balance of power.

==Geography==
Cuando Cubango was traversed by the northwesterly line of equal latitude and longitude. It was located in the extreme south-east of Angola. To the north and north-east it bordered [[Moxico Province]], and in the west - the provinces of [[Huíla Province|Huila]] and [[Cunene Province|Cunene]]. In the south of Cuando Cubango it bordered [[Namibia]], and to the east - [[Zambia]].

==Municipalities==
The province of Cuando Cubango contained nine [[municipalities of Angola|municipalities]] ({{langx|pt|municípios}}):

* [[Calai]]
* [[Cuangar]]
* [[Cuchi]]
* [[Cuito Cuanavale]]
* [[Dirico]]
* [[Mavinga, Cuando Cubango|Mavinga]]
* [[Menongue]]
* [[Nancova]]
* [[Rivungo]]

==Communes==
The province of Cuando Cubango contained the following [[communes of Angola|communes]] ({{langx|pt|comunas}}); sorted by their respective municipalities:

* Calai Municipality – [[Calai]], [[Maué, Angola|Maué]], [[Mavengue]]
* Cuangar Municipality – [[Bondo, Angola|Caila]] (Bondo), [[Cuangar]], [[Savate, Angola|Savate]]
* Cuchi Municipality – [[Chinguanja]], [[Cuchi]], [[Cutato, Cuando Cubango|Cutato]] (Kutato), [[Vissati]]
* Cuito Cuanavale Municipality – [[Baixo Longa]], [[Cuito Cuanavale]], [[Longa, Angola|Longa]], [[Lupire]] (Lupiri)
* Dirico Municipality – [[Dirico]], [[Mucusso]], [[Xamavera]]
* Mavinga Municipality – [[Cunjamba Dima|Cunjamba]] Dima, [[Cutuile]] (Kutuile), [[Luengue]], [[Mavinga, Cuando Cubango|Mavinga]]
* Menongue Municipality – [[Caiundo]] (Kaiundo), [[Cueio]]-Betre, [[Menongue]], [[Missombo]]
* Nancova Municipality – [[Nancova]], [[Rito, Angola|Rito]]
* Rivungo Municipality – [[Chipundo]], [[Jamba, Cuando Cubango|Jamba-Cueio]], [[Luiana]], [[Neriquinha|Mainha Neriquinha]], [[Rivungo]]

== Natural history ==
Considerable natural habitat previously existed within the province, although much of these areas has been destroyed during the period 1965 to 1991 during the foreign intervention years of the [[Angolan Civil War]].<ref>John Frederick Walker. 2004</ref>{{page needed|date=July 2015}}<ref>Edward George. 2005</ref>{{page needed|date=July 2015}} In particular, the area was previously suitable habitat for the endangered [[painted hunting dog]], ''Lycaon pictus'', which is now deemed [[Local extinction|extirpated]] in the local area.<ref>C. Michael Hogan. 2009</ref>{{page needed|date=July 2015}}

==List of governors of Cuando Cubango==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cuandocubango.gov.ao/Institucionais/Historico.aspx |title=Histórico dos Governadores |publisher=cuandocubango.gov.ao |access-date=3 Mar 2019 |language=pt}}</ref> !! Years in office
|-
| Mariano Garcia Puku||1976–1979
|-
| Zacarias Pinto||1979–1982
|-
| Manuel Francisco Tuta ''Batalha de Angola''||1982–1990
|-
| Domingos Hungo ''SKS''||1990–1995
|-
| Manuel Dala ||1995–1998
|-
| José Kativa ||1998–1999
|-
| Jorge Fernando Biwango ||1999–2002
|-
| João Baptista Chindandi ||2003–2008
|-
| Eusébio de Brito Teixeira ||2008–2012
|-
| [[Higino Carneiro|Francisco Higino Lopes Carneiro]]<ref>Governo do Cuando Cubango</ref> ||2012–2016
|-
| [[Pedro Mutindi]] ||2017–2019
|-
|Júlio Marcelino Vieira Bessa
|2019–2021
|-
|José Martins<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 November 2021|title=President Joao Lourenço sacks Cuando Cubango governor|url=https://www.angop.ao/en/noticias/politica/pr-exonera-governador-do-cuando-cubango/|url-status=live|access-date=7 December 2021|website=[[ANGOP]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125232600/https://www.angop.ao/en/noticias/politica/pr-exonera-governador-do-cuando-cubango/ |archive-date=2021-11-25 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=1 December 2021|title=President João Lourenço swears in governor of Cuando Cubango|url=https://www.angop.ao/en/noticias/politica/pr-confere-posse-ao-novo-governador-do-cuando-cubango/|access-date=7 December 2021|website=[[ANGOP]]}}</ref>
|2021–2024
|}

{{small|Up to 1991, the official name was Provincial Commissioner}}

== References ==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite book| author = Edward George| title = The cuban intervention in Angola, 1965-1991| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=u_0yE0vcBQoC| year = 2005| publisher = Routledge| isbn = 978-0-415-35015-0 }}, 9780415350150 354 pages
* C. Michael Hogan. 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101209234758/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=35993 ''Painted Hunting Dog: Lycaon pictus'', GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg]
* {{cite book| author = John Frederick Walker| title = A Certain Curve of Horn| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=bT1pn2HUjhcC| date = 2004-01-07| publisher = Grove Press| isbn = 978-0-8021-4068-5 }}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141203002626/http://www.kuandokubango.gov.ao/ Official website of province governor]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120122122507/http://www.mat.gv.ao/portalmat/default.aspx?s=58 Information on this province at the Angolan ministry for territorial administration]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161031130608/http://info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=12&Itemid=1260 Information on this province at ''Info Angola'']
* [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/angola/ao_appen.html United States government population statistics from 1988]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080430050655/http://www.angola.org.uk/prov_c_cubango.htm angola.org.uk]

{{Provinces of Angola}}
{{Municipalities of Angola}}
{{Cuando Cubango Province}}

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[[Category:Cuando Cubango Province| ]]
[[Category:Former provinces of Angola]]
[[Category:2024 disestablishments in Angola]]