Editing Cuneo

{{about|the town in Italy|persons named Cuneo|Cuneo (surname)|the infantry division|6 Infantry Division Cuneo}}
{{expand Italian|topic=geo|date=November 2011|Cuneo}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox Italian comune
| name                = Cuneo
| native_name         = {{native name|pms|Coni}}
| official_name       = Comune di Cuneo
| image_skyline       = Via Roma pedonale.jpg
| imagesize           = 
| image_alt           = 
| image_caption       = Via Roma
| image_flag          = Flag_of_Cuneo.svg
| image_shield        = Coat_of_arms_of_Cuneo.svg
| coordinates         = {{coord|44|23|22|N|7|32|52|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piedmont]]
| province            = [[Province of Cuneo|Cuneo]] (CN)
| frazioni            = Borgo Gesso, Borgo San Giuseppe, Confreria, Madonna Dell'Olmo, Madonna Delle Grazie, Passatore, Roata Rossi, Ronchi, San Benigno, San Pietro Del Gallo, San Rocco Castagnaretta, Spinetta, Bombonina Soprana, Cascina Barca, Cascina Belvedere, Cascina Bombonina Sottana, Cascina Bonada, Cascina Cartignano, Cascina Combe, Cascina Cordero, Cascina Filatura, Cascina Forfice, Cascina Grangia, Cascina La Provvidenza, Cascina Malaspina, Cascina Mombasiglia, Cascina Rivagnola, Cascina Roero, Cascina Sciolla, Cascina Tortagrassa, Cascina Tre Tetti, Cascina Zumaglia, Cascinali Della Trinità, Cascinali Di Torre Roa, Colombaro Ferraris, Filatoio Quaranta, La Battistina, Ruata Gauteri, Segheria Torrette, Tetti Brignone, Tetti Milano, Tetti Pesio, Tetti Ravot, Tetto Buon Riposo, Tetto Coniglio, Tetto Cordonotto, Tetto Corvo, Tetto Delle Figlie, Tetto Farina, Tetto Menone, Tetto Patta, Tetto Plonasso, Tetto Ratti, Tetto Rubatti Soprano, Tetto Rubatti Sottano, Tetto San Giacomo, Torre Acceglio Inferiore, Torre Bianca, Torre Di Bava, Torre Di Brizio, Trucchi
| mayor_party         = [[Democratic Party (Italy)|PD]]
| mayor               = [[Patrizia Manassero]]
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 119.67
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total    = 55990
| population_as_of    = 18 July 2024
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = {{langx|it|cuneese}} (pl. {{lang|it|-i}})
| elevation_m = 534
| elevation_max_m = 615
| elevation_min_m = 431
|istat=004078| saint               = [[Saint Michael]]
| day                 = 29 September
| postal_code         = 12100
| area_code           = 0171
| website             = {{official website|http://www.comune.cuneo.it}}
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Cuneo''' ({{IPA|it|ˈkuːneo|lang|It-Cuneo.ogg}}; {{langx|pms|Coni}} {{IPA|pms|ˈkʊni|}}; {{langx|oc|Coni}} {{IPA|oc|ˈkuni|}}; {{langx|fr|Coni}} {{IPA|fr|kɔni|}}) is a city and {{lang|it|[[comune]]}} in [[Piedmont]], [[Italy]], the capital of the [[province of Cuneo]], the fourth largest of [[Italy]]’s provinces by area.

It is located at 550 metres (1,804&nbsp;ft) in the south-west of [[Piedmont]], at the confluence of the rivers [[Stura di Demonte|Stura]] and [[Gesso (river)|Gesso]].

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of [[Beinette]], [[Borgo San Dalmazzo]], [[Boves, Piedmont|Boves]], [[Busca, Piedmont|Busca]], [[Caraglio]], [[Castelletto Stura]], [[Centallo]], [[Cervasca]], [[Morozzo]], [[Peveragno]], [[Tarantasca]] and [[Vignolo]].<ref name="inhabitants Cuneo">{{cite web |url=http://www.comuniverso.it/index.cfm?Comuni%20confinanti%20con%20Cuneo&map=004078 |title=inhabitants Cuneo and bordering municipalities |access-date=24 June 2013 |publisher=Comuniverso.it}}</ref>

It is located near six mountain passes:
*[[Colle della Maddalena]] at {{convert|1996|m|ft}}
*[[Colle di Tenda]] at {{convert|1871|m|ft}} – [[Traforo stradale del Colle di Tenda|Tunnel of Tenda]] at {{convert|1300|m|ft}}, {{convert|3|km|mi}} long
*[[Colle del Melogno]] at {{convert|1027|m|ft}} 
*[[Colle San Bernardo]] at {{convert|957|m|ft}} 
*[[Colle di Nava]] at {{convert|934|m|ft}}
*[[Bocchetta di Altare|Colle di Cadibona]] at {{convert|459|m|ft}}.

==History==
{{moresources|section|date=July 2022}}
[[File:Cuneo – Via Nizza (xilografia).jpg|thumb|left|19th-century image of Cuneo]]
Cuneo was founded in 1198 by the local population, who declared it an independent commune, freeing themselves from the authority of the bishops of [[Asti]] and the [[marquisate of Monferrat|marquisses of Montferrat]] and [[marquisate of Saluzzo|Saluzzo]]. In 1210, the latter occupied it, and in 1231 the ''Cuneesi'' rebelled. In 1238, they were recognized as a free commune by [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Frederick II]].

In 1259, the independence of Cuneo ceased forever, as it gave itself, also to take protection against its more powerful neighbours, to [[Charles I of Anjou]], who was then the [[Count of Provence]]. Together with [[Alba, Italy|Alba]], it was the main Angevine possession in Northern Italy; Angevine rule interrupted by periods under the control of Saluzzo, Savoy, and the [[Visconti of Milan]] was ended in 1382 when Cuneo was acquired by the [[Duchy of Savoy]].

Cuneo became an important stronghold of the expanding Savoy state. The city was thus besieged several times by France: first in 1515 by Swiss troops of [[Francis I of France]], then again in 1542, 1557, 1639, 1641, 1691 and, during the [[War of the Austrian Succession]], in 1741. Cuneo resisted each siege successfully. The city was taken by [[First French Empire|France]] only during the [[Napoleonic Wars]] and was made the capital of the [[Stura]] department. After the restoration of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia]], and the [[unification of Italy]], Cuneo became the capital of its namesake province in 1859. In 1862, Cuneo was the location of a Polish Military School moved from [[Genoa]], which trained Polish officers in exile, the overwhelming majority of whom then fought in the Polish [[January Uprising]] in the [[Russian Partition]] of Poland in 1863–1864 (see also ''[[Italy–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web |url=https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Polska-Szkola-Wojskowa;3959783.html |title=Polska Szkoła Wojskowa |website=Encyklopedia PWN |access-date=11 January 2024 |language=pl}}</ref>

During [[World War II]], from 1943 to 1945, it was one of the main centres of [[Italian resistance movement|partisan resistance]] against the German occupation of Italy.{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}
In 1943, Cuneo's Jewish citizens were briefly arrested and imprisoned at the nearby [[Borgo San Dalmazzo concentration camp]] by the order of Minister of the Interior [[Guido Buffarini Guidi]]. They were freed before the Minister's orders came into effect and most community members fled Cuneo into hiding. 

However, on 9 December 1944, the Cuneo Police Department reopened the camp and imprisoned the remaining Jewish residents of Cuneo most of whom were then deported to [[Auschwitz]]. Few survived according to reports. Italian partisans liberated Cuneo from the German and Italian fascist occupation on 25 April 1945. The retreating fascist forces murdered the remaining six Jewish prisoners being held at Cuneo's local prison.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/cuneo |title=Cuneo |website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}</ref><ref>P. Bianchi-Andrea Merlotti, Cuneo in età moderna (2003), 103–13, 301–14</ref><ref>A. Cavaglion, "Nella notte straniera. Gli ebrei di St Martin Vésubie e il campo di concentramento di Borgo S. Dalmazzo," in: Cuneo: L'Arciere (1981, 2004)</ref><ref>A. Muncinelli, Gli ebrei nella provincia di Cuneo (1994)</ref>

==Government==
{{See also|List of mayors of Cuneo}}

==Main sights==
{{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|44.39235|7.55016}} | zoom=15 | float =left | width =550 | height =500 | title =Main sights of Cuneo | 
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mark2 =Pink pog.svg | mark-coord2 = {{coord|44.39471|7.55073}} | label2 =Complesso monumentale di San Francesco | 
mark3 =Pink pog.svg | mark-coord3 = {{coord|44.39231|7.553}} | label3 =Chiesa di San Sebastiano | label-pos3 =right |
mark4 =Pink pog.svg | mark-coord4 = {{coord|44.39384|7.5532}} | label4 =Chiesa di Sant'Ambrogio | label-pos4 = right| 
mark5 =Black pog.svg | mark-coord5 = {{coord|44.38935|7.54765}} | label5 =Piazza Tancredi Galimberti | label-color5 =dark grey | label-pos5 =bottom | 
mark6 =Pink pog.svg | mark-coord6 = {{coord|44.38515|7.54396}} | label6 =Chiesa del Sacro Cuore di Gesù | label-color6 =dark red | label-pos6 =right | 
mark7 =Black pog.svg | mark-coord7 = {{coord|44.39326|7.55135}} | label7 =Palazzo del Municipio | label-color7 =dark grey | label-pos7 = left| 
mark8 = | mark-size8 =0 | mark-coord8 = {{coord|44.3992|7.5467}} | label8 =Stura di Demonte | label-size8 =15 | label-color8 =dark blue | label-angle8 =320 | label-pos8 =right |
mark9 = | mark-size9 =0 | mark-coord9 = {{coord|44.3873|7.5561}} | label9 =Torrente Gesso | label-size9 =15 | label-color9 =dark blue | label-angle9 =280 | label-pos9 =right | 
}} 
*Villa [[Oldofredi Tadini]], built in the 14th and 15th centuries as a watchtower. It is now a museum housing collections of the owners, the Mocchia and Oldofredi Tadini families.
*Villa Tornaforte, surrounded by an English-style park.
*Civic Museum
*Railway Museum
*Churches of Santa Croce, San Giovanni Decollato and Santissima Annunziata, housing paintings by [[Giovan Francesco Gaggini]].
*Panoramic funicular that connects plateau to Gesso river.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.comune.cuneo.it/ |title=Comune di Cuneo – Portale Istituzionale – Home Page |website=www.comune.cuneo.it}}</ref>
*Monument of Stura and Gesso in Torino Square
*The median way of the plateau (Rome Avenue, Galimberti Square and Nice Avenue): the commercial heart of Cuneo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.comune.cuneo.it/la-citta/foto-gallery.html |title=Comune di Cuneo – Portale Istituzionale – Foto Gallery |website=www.comune.cuneo.it}}</ref>
*New Bridge (Ponte Nuovo) between the center of the city and Madonna dell' Olmo 
*Monument at Peano's curve
*Palazzo Uffici Finanziari (PUF), highest edifice in the city at about {{convert|50|m|ft}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lastampa.it/rw/Pub/p3/2012/10/29/Cuneo/Foto/MMED-31290-2panorama_55cdb630.JPG?1367847383 |title=La Stampa.it Panorama Cuneo<!-- Bot generated title -->}}</ref>
*Parri’s Park, a big green park under construction in the suburbs of the city.

{{clear|left}}
[[File:Cuneo Piazza Galimberti.jpeg|thumb|center|upright=3.2|''Piazza Galimberti'', the city's main square]]
{{-}}

==Subdivisions==
Most important and populated: Centro storico, Cuneo centro, Cuneo nuova, San Paolo, Donatello, Gramsci, San Rocco, Cerialdo, Confreria and Borgo San Giuseppe.<ref name="Quartieri">{{cite web |url=http://www.comune.cuneo.gov.it/programmazione-del-territorio/urbanistica/piano-regolatore-generale/elaborati-del-prg-vigente/p5-assetto-urbanistico-scala-12000.html |title=Quartieri di Cuneo |access-date=24 June 2013 |publisher=Comune di Cuneo |language=it |archive-date=24 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624085051/http://www.comune.cuneo.gov.it/programmazione-del-territorio/urbanistica/piano-regolatore-generale/elaborati-del-prg-vigente/p5-assetto-urbanistico-scala-12000.html |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Climate==
Cuneo has a temperate sub-continental climate, with cold winters and hot, dry summers. However, it is situated more than {{convert|500|m|0|abbr=off}} [[above mean sea level|above sea level]], which helps to make summers more bearable: the hottest month, July, has an average temperature of {{convert|21.6|°C|1|abbr=on}}. The coldest, January, averages {{convert| 1.7|°C|1|abbr=on}}. Annual precipitation is about {{convert|962|mm|1|abbr=on}}, distributed over 81 days. The rainfall pattern is similar to that of Turin, with two maxima—one primary and one secondary (spring and autumn) and two minima (summer and winter). The driest month is July, {{convert|44|mm|in}}. Snowfalls are frequent owing to high elevation and wind patterns.

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location =  Cuneo (2002–2020)
|Jan high C = 8.4
|Feb high C = 9.5
|Mar high C = 13.6
|Apr high C = 17.4
|May high C = 21.7
|Jun high C = 26.6
|Jul high C = 28.9
|Aug high C = 27.9
|Sep high C = 23.5
|Oct high C = 17.4
|Nov high C = 11.8
|Dec high C = 8.8
| year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 3.3
|Feb mean C = 4.3
|Mar mean C = 8.3
|Apr mean C = 12.3
|May mean C = 16.3
|Jun mean C = 21.0
|Jul mean C = 23.1
|Aug mean C = 22.4
|Sep mean C = 18.4
|Oct mean C = 12.9
|Nov mean C = 7.5
|Dec mean C = 4.0
| year mean C = 
|Jan low C = -1.9
|Feb low C = -0.8
|Mar low C = 3.0
|Apr low C = 7.1
|May low C = 10.9
|Jun low C = 15.4
|Jul low C = 17.4
|Aug low C = 16.9
|Sep low C = 13.2
|Oct low C = 8.4
|Nov low C = 3.2
|Dec low C = -0.8
| year low C = 
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 62
|Feb precipitation mm = 70
|Mar precipitation mm = 99
|Apr precipitation mm = 105
|May precipitation mm = 116
|Jun precipitation mm = 98
|Jul precipitation mm = 56
|Aug precipitation mm = 71
|Sep precipitation mm = 82
|Oct precipitation mm = 119
|Nov precipitation mm = 111
|Dec precipitation mm = 76
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 4
| Feb precipitation days = 5
| Mar precipitation days = 7
| Apr precipitation days = 9
| May precipitation days = 10
| Jun precipitation days = 7
| Jul precipitation days = 6
| Aug precipitation days = 6
| Sep precipitation days = 6
| Oct precipitation days = 7
| Nov precipitation days = 9
| Dec precipitation days = 6
| year precipitation days =
| source 1 = Climi e viaggi (precipitation days)<ref name=Clim>{{cite web
| url = https://www.climieviaggi.it/clima/italia/cuneo
| title = Climate - Cuneo (Piedmont)
| publisher= Climi e viaggi
| access-date = 29 June 2024}}</ref>
| source 2 = Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (precipitation 1951–1980)<ref name=ISPRA>{{cite web
| url = https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/files/pubblicazioni/SA_55_14_Valori_climatici_normali.pdf
| title = Valori climatici normali di temperatura e precipitazione in Italia
| publisher= Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale
| access-date = 28 June 2024}}</ref>
}}

==Cuisine and food==
Cuneo's specialty is ''[[Cuneesi al rhum]]'', small meringues with dark chocolate coating and a rum-based chocolate filling. They are a creation of Andrea Arione (1923), who also registered the name, and sold them in the bar still located in the central square, Piazza Galimberti; another claim makes them a creation of pastry chef Pietro Galletti from Dronero. Another specialty is "raviolini al plin", a small ravioli pasta made with meat and vegetables.

==Sport==

===Volleyball===
There is an important volleyball club, [[Piemonte Volley]] who won 1 [[Italian Volleyball League]], 3 [[CEV Cup]], 2 CEV SuperCup, 4 Italian Volleyball Cup and 3 Italian Volleyball SuperCup.

===Football===
Associazione Calcio Cuneo 1905 ([[A.C. Cuneo 1905]]) who plays in the 3rd level of Italian football.

===Rugby===
Cuneo has also a Rugby Team called "Cuneo Pedona Rugby", currently playing in the National "Serie C" League. The team is playing in the Municipal Field of Madonna dell'Olmo.

===Cycling===
Many times stage of [[Giro d'Italia]]. In 2016, for the first time in the Giro history, the race arrived in Sant'Anna di Vinadio sanctuary, the highest sanctuary in Europe, 2035 m, and the day after, on 29 May, the race started from Cuneo. 

Since 1987 Cuneo has been the start and arrival point of the amateur international race "La Fausto Coppi".

==See also==
* [[Venchi]]
* [[Ferrero SpA]]
* [[commons:Category:Cimitero comunale urbano di Cuneo (Italia)|Cemetery]]

==Notable people==
{{see also|Category:People from Cuneo}}
*[[Annibale Santorre di Rossi de Pomarolo, Count of Santarosa]] (1783–1825), early [[Risorgimento]] leader.
*[[Franco Andrea Bonelli]] (1784–1830), ornithologist, entomologist and collector.
*[[Giuseppe Peano]] (1858–1932), mathematician.
*[[Giovanni Battista Ceirano]] (1860) – automobile pioneer, joint founder of [[Ceirano GB & C|Ceirano]], Well-Eyes bicycles, Well-Eyes cars – the first [[F.I.A.T.]], [[SCAT (automobile)|SCAT]] (Società Ceirano Automobili Torino)
*[[Matteo Ceirano]] 1870 – automobile pioneer, joint founder of ''[[Itala (company)|Itala]] Fabrica Automobile'' and [[S.P.A. (automobile)|S.P.A. (Società Piemontese Automobili)]] 
*[[Ernesto Ceirano]] 1875 – Winner of 1911 and 1914 [[Targa Florio]] in [[SCAT (automobile)|SCAT]] automobiles.
*[[Giorgio Federico Ghedini]] (1892–1965), composer.
*[[Bartolomeo Vanzetti]] (1888-1927), anarchist. 
*[[Duccio Galimberti|Tancredi "Duccio" Galimberti]] (1906–1944), anti-fascist lawyer
*[[Nuto Revelli]] (1919–2004), partisan and writer.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nutorevelli.org/ |title=Fondazione Nuto Revelli onlus |website=www.nutorevelli.org}}</ref>
*[[Cesare Damiano]] (born 1948), politician.
*[[Carlo Petrini]] (born 22 June 1949), born in the province of Cuneo in the commune of [[Bra, Piedmont|Bra]] in Italy, is the founder of the International [[Slow Food Movement]]. In 2004, he founded the [[University of Gastronomic Sciences]], a school intended to bridge the gap between agriculture and gastronomy.
*[[Piergiorgio Odifreddi]] (born 1950), mathematician, logician and aficionado of the history of science.
*[[Alviero Martini]] (born 1950), fashion designer.
*[[Celestino Migliore]] (born 1952), Papal diplomat.
*[[Livia Turco]] (born 1955), politician.
*[[Michele Ferrero]] (1925–2015), patriarch of Italian chocolate dynasty Ferrero Group. He inherited the company from his father Pietro in the 1950s and turned it into one of the world's largest confectionery makers, whose brands include [[Ferrero Rocher]] hazelnut chocolates, [[Nutella]] and [[Tic Tac]].
*[[Elisa_Balsamo (cyclist)|Elisa Balsamo]] (born 1998), professional road cyclist and winner in 2021 of the [[2021 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race|UCI Elite Women's Road World Championship]].

==Twin towns – sister cities==
Cuneo is twinned with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Gemellaggi |url=http://www.comune.cuneo.it/la-citta/storia/gemellaggi.html |website=comune.cuneo.it |publisher=Cuneo |language=it |access-date=13 December 2019}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|ARG}} [[Santa Fe, Argentina|Santa Fe]], Argentina
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Nice]], France
*{{flagicon|SEN}} [[Richard Toll]], Senegal
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Fürstenberg/Havel]], Germany

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Cuneo}}
* [http://www.comune.cuneo.it/ Cuneo homepage], comune.cuneo.it {{in lang|it}}
* [http://www.parcofluvialegessostura.it Parco Fluviale Gesso e Stura], www.parcofluvialegessostura.it {{in lang|it}}

{{Province of Cuneo}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cuneo| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Piedmont]]