Editing Daniel (rocket)

{{Infobox rocket

<!----Image and logos (optional)---->
|logo         =  <!--logo filename (omit "Image:" prefix), required-->
|logo_upright =  <!--logo filesize, e.g. "1" = normal width, "2" = double width, "0.5" = half width, optional-->
|image        = File:Daniel (rocket).gif <!--image filename (omit "Image:" prefix), required-->
|upright      = yes <!--reduce width of portrait image to reduce overall infobox length, input "yes" to activate, optional-->
|caption      =  <!--caption, optional-->

<!----Core parameters (required)---->
|name           = Daniel <!--Name(s) of the rocket, optional, defaults to page title-->
|function       = Experimental rocket <!--Purpose of the rocket, required-->
|manufacturer   = [[ONERA]] <!--Manufacturer, required-->
|country-origin = France <!--country of origin, optional-->

<!----Costs (optional)---->
|pcost    =  <!--project cost, optional-->
|cpl      =  <!--cost per launch, optional-->
|alt-cpl  =  <!--cost in alternative currency, optional-->
|cpl-year =  <!--year of stated cost per launch-->

<!----Dimensions (required)---->
|height       =  {{cvt|8.4|m}}
|diameter     = {{cvt|0.4|m}}
|width        =  <!--width if not axisymmetric, use {{cvt|WIDTH|m}}, optional-->
|mass         =  {{cvt|1000|kg}}<!--mass of rocket in kilograms, use {{cvt|MASS|kg}}, required-->
|dry mass     = 
|stages       =  3<!--number of stages, not including boosters-->

<!----Payloads (optional)---->
|capacities =  <!--insert one of the following templates for each payload:-->
 

<!----Associated rockets (optional)---->
|family      =  <!--rocket family, optional-->
|derived_from =  <!--rocket from which this rocket is derived, optional-->
|derivatives =  [[Jericho (missile)]]<!--derived rockets, optional-->
|comparable  =  <!--similar, unrelated rockets, optional-->

<!----Launch history (required)---->
|status   = Retired <!--current status (e.g. Active, Retired, etc), required-->
|sites    = CERES - Ile de Levant <!--launch centres and pads, required-->
|launches =  3<!--total launches to date, optional-->
|success  =  3<!--total successful launches, optional-->
|fail     =  <!--total failed launches, optional-->
|partial  =  <!--total number of launches resulting in partial failure (e.g. incorrect orbit but still usable), optional-->
|destroyedbefore = <!--total number of rockets destroyed before/in preparation for launch-->
|other_outcome =  <!--number of launches with unknown outcomes (or in progress), optional-->
|landings =  <!--total number of landings, optional-->
|first    =  <!--date of first flight, optional-->
|last     =  <!--date of latest or final flight, optional-->
|only     =  <!--launch date if only one was launched, optional-->
|payloads =  <!--notable payloads, optional-->

<!--Stages/boosters (optional)-->
|stagedata    =  <!--insert one of the following templates for each stage:-->

  {{Infobox rocket/stage
  |type       =  stage<!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
  |diff       =  <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
  |stageno    =  First<!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (e.g. First, Second, etc), required if type = stage-->
  |name       =  SPRAN-50<!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
  |number     =  <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
  |length     =  {{cvt|2.5|m}}
  |diameter   =  {{cvt|0.4|m}}
  |width      =  <!--width of a single booster/stage if not axisymmetric, use {{cvt|WIDTH|m}}, optional-->
  |empty      =  <!--empty mass of a single booster/stage in kilograms, use {{cvt|EMPTYMASS|kg}}, optional-->
  |gross      =  {{cvt|400|kg}}
  |propmass   =  <!--propellant mass carried by a single booster/stage in kilograms, use {{cvt|PROPMASS|kg}}, optional--> 
  |engines    =  <!--number and type of engines used on each individual booster/stage, required-->
  |solid      =  yes<!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
  |thrust     =  <!--thrust provided by a single booster/stage in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, required-->
  |total      =  <!--total thrust for all boosters in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, optional-->
  |SI         =  <!--specific impulse of an individual booster/stage, in seconds, use {{convert|ISP_IN_SECONDS|isp}}, optional-->
  |burntime   =  5.6 s<!--burn time, required-->
  |fuel       =  <!--propellant (include fuel and oxidizer) used in stage/boosters, required-->
  }}
  {{Infobox rocket/stage
  |type       =  stage<!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
  |diff       =  <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
  |stageno    =  Second<!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (e.g. First, Second, etc), required if type = stage-->
  |name       =  Jericho<!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
  |number     =  <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
  |length     =  <!--length of a single booster/stage in metres, use {{cvt|LENGTH|m}}, optional-->
  |diameter   =  <!--diameter of a single booster/stage in metres, use {{cvt|DIAMETER|m}}, optional-->
  |width      =  <!--width of a single booster/stage if not axisymmetric, use {{cvt|WIDTH|m}}, optional-->
  |empty      =  <!--empty mass of a single booster/stage in kilograms, use {{cvt|EMPTYMASS|kg}}, optional-->
  |gross      =  <!--gross (fuelled) mass of a single booster/stage, use {{cvt|GROSSMASS|kg}}, optional--> 
  |propmass   =  <!--propellant mass carried by a single booster/stage in kilograms, use {{cvt|PROPMASS|kg}}, optional--> 
  |engines    =  <!--number and type of engines used on each individual booster/stage, required-->
  |solid      =  <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
  |thrust     =  <!--thrust provided by a single booster/stage in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, required-->
  |total      =  <!--total thrust for all boosters in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, optional-->
  |SI         =  <!--specific impulse of an individual booster/stage, in seconds, use {{convert|ISP_IN_SECONDS|isp}}, optional-->
  |burntime   =  <!--burn time, required-->
  |fuel       =  <!--propellant (include fuel and oxidizer) used in stage/boosters, required-->
  }}
  {{Infobox rocket/stage
  |type       =  stage<!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
  |diff       =  <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
  |stageno    =  Third<!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (e.g. First, Second, etc), required if type = stage-->
  |name       =  Melanie<!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
  |number     =  <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
  |length     =  {{cvt|1.60|m}}
  |diameter   =  {{cvt|0.16|m}}
  |width      =  <!--width of a single booster/stage if not axisymmetric, use {{cvt|WIDTH|m}}, optional-->
  |empty      =  {{cvt|10|kg}}
  |gross      =  {{cvt|32|kg}}
  |propmass   = {{cvt|22|kg}} 
  |engines    =  <!--number and type of engines used on each individual booster/stage, required-->
  |solid      =  yes<!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
  |thrust     =   {{cvt|11.10|kN}}
  |total      =  <!--total thrust for all boosters in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, optional-->
  |SI         =  {{convert|227|isp}}
  |burntime   =  4.4 s<!--burn time, required-->
  |fuel       =  Solid<!--propellant (include fuel and oxidizer) used in stage/boosters, required-->
  }}

}}
'''Daniel''' (OPD-220-ADX) is the designation for a [[France|French]] experimental [[rocket]], a precursor to the Israeli [[Jericho (missile)|Jericho ballistic missile]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |last=Wade |first=Mark |date=2019 |title=Daniel |url=http://www.astronautix.com/d/daniel.html |website=Encyclopedia Astronautica |access-date=2023-11-11 |archive-date=2022-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516044056/http://astronautix.com/d/daniel.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Serra |first=Jean-Jacques |date=2007-01-13 |title=ONERA rockets |url=http://fuseurop.univ-perp.fr/onera_e.htm |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Rockets in Europe|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070113212303/http://fuseurop.univ-perp.fr/onera_e.htm |archive-date=2007-01-13 }}</ref> 

== Description ==
It consisted of 3 stages: a [[SPRAN-50]] first stage, a [[Jericho (missile)#Jericho I|Jericho]] second stage and a [[Mélanie (rocket)|Mélanie]] third stage.<ref name="Rothmund2010">{{cite book|author=Christophe Rothmund|title=History of Rocketry and Astronautics: Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth History Symposium of the International Academy of Astronautics : Toulouse, France, 2001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ODxSAQAAIAAJ|year=2010|publisher=American Astronautical Society|isbn=978-0-87703-555-8}}</ref> Daniel was capable of reaching a maximum altitude of 130 km and had a takeoff weight of 1000 kg, a diameter of 0.40 m and a length of 8.40 m<ref name=":0" />

== Launches ==
Daniel was launched three times between 1959 and 1961 by [[ONERA]] from [[CERES Ile du Levant|Centre d'Essais et de Recherches d'Engins Speciaux - Ile de Levant]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter D. |date=2023 |title=Daniel (OPD-220-ADX) |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/daniel.htm |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Gunter's Space Page |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+'''Daniel''' launches<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
!Date
!Mission
!Apogee
|-
|1959 January 27
|Atmosphere radioactivity
|127 km (78 mi)
|-
|1961 October 5
|Test / aeronomy mission
|130 km (80 mi)
|-
|1961 October 9
|Test / aeronomy mission
|130 km (80 mi)
|}

== See also ==

* [[ONERA]]
* [[Bérénice (rocket)|Bérénice]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Rockets and missiles]]
[[Category:Onera sounding rockets]]
{{rocket-stub}}