Editing Daniel Bell

{{Short description|American sociologist, writer, editor, and professor (1919–2011)}}
{{Other people}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Daniel Bell
| image             = Professor Daniel Bell.jpg
| birth_date        = {{birth date|1919|5|10}}
| birth_place       = [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S.
| death_date        = {{death date and age|2011|1|25|1919|5|10}}
| death_place       = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.
| field             = [[Sociology]]
| work_institutions = [[University of Chicago]]<br />[[Columbia University]]<br />[[Harvard University]]
| alma_mater        = [[City College of New York]] [[Columbia University]]
| doctoral_advisor  = 
| doctoral_students = [[Mustafa Emirbayer]]
| known_for         = [[Post-industrialism]]
| signature         = File:Daniel bell signature.png
}}
{{Conservatism US|intellectuals}}
'''Daniel Bell''' (May 10, 1919 – January 25, 2011)<ref>[http://chronicle.com/blogs/ticker/daniel-bell-harvard-u-sociologist-is-dead-at-91/30019 Daniel Bell, Harvard U. Sociologist, Is Dead at 91], ''The Chronicle of Higher Education]'', January 26, 2011</ref> was an American [[sociologist]], writer, editor, and professor at [[Harvard University]], best known for his contributions to the study of [[Post-industrial society|post-industrialism]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nieli |first1=Russell |title=Bell, Daniel (1919–2011) |journal=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology |date=2017 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0906 |isbn=9781405165518}}</ref> He has been described as "one of the leading American intellectuals of the postwar era".<ref name="bio2"/> His three best known works are ''[[The End of Ideology]]'' (1960), ''The Coming of Post-Industrial Society'' (1973), and ''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'' (1976).<ref>''[http://www.economist.com/node/18061086?story_id=18061086 Ahead of the curve]'', Schumpeter, [[The Economist]], February 3, 2011</ref>

==Biography==

===Early life===
Daniel Bell was born in 1919 in the [[Lower East Side]] of [[Manhattan]] in [[New York City]]. His parents, Benjamin and Anna Bolotsky, were [[Jewish]]<ref name=GuarObit>{{cite web|author=Paul Buhle|title=Daniel Bell obituary|date= 26 January 2011|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2011/jan/26/daniel-bell-obituary|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=19 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Joseph Dorman|title=Daniel Bell, 91, a Leading American Intellectual Who Eschewed Simplistic Labels|date=February 11, 2011|url=http://forward.com/articles/135142/daniel-bell--a-leading-american-intellectual-who/|work=[[The Jewish Daily Forward]]|access-date=19 September 2013}}</ref> immigrants, originally from Eastern Europe. They worked in the garment industry.<ref name="death1"/> &nbsp;His father died when he was eight months old, and he grew up poor,<ref>{{cite news |title=Ahead of the curve |url=http://www.economist.com/node/18061086?story_id=18061086 |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=3 February 2011 |access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref> living with relatives along with his mother and his older brother Leo.<ref name="bio3">Waters, Malcolm. [https://books.google.com/books?id=7GMOXh3QB9gC&pg=PA13 ''Key Sociologists: Daniel Bell''], pp. 13–16 (Routledge 1996) ({{ISBN|978-0415105774}})</ref> &nbsp;When he was 13 years old, the family's name was changed from Bolotsky to Bell.<ref name="death1"/>

===Education===
Bell graduated from [[Stuyvesant High School]]. He received a bachelor's degree from the [[City College of New York]] in 1938, and completed graduate work at [[Columbia University]] during the 1938–1939 academic year.<ref name="bio2">Durham Peters, John, and Simonson, Peter (eds.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=34kSkJuYCIYC&pg=PA364 ''Mass communication and American social thought: key texts, 1919–1968''], pp. 364–65 (2004) ({{ISBN|978-0742528390}})</ref><ref name="bio3"/><ref>Allitt, Patrick, ''The Conservative Tradition''. Part 3 of 3. p. 40 (The Teaching Company 2009) ({{ISBN|1598035509}})</ref> He received a [[PhD]] in [[sociology]] from Columbia in 1961 after he was permitted to submit ''The End of Ideology: On the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in the Fifties'' (a 1960 essay collection), instead of a conventional [[doctoral dissertation]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=In Memoriam {{!}} Columbia College Today|url=https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct/archive/mar_apr11/around_the_quads8|access-date=2022-01-23|website=www.college.columbia.edu|archive-date=2022-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123225659/https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct/archive/mar_apr11/around_the_quads8|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Career===
Bell began his professional life as a journalist, being managing editor of ''[[The New Leader]]'' magazine (1941–1945), labor editor of ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'' (1948–1958), and later, co-editor (with his college friend [[Irving Kristol]]) of ''[[The Public Interest]]'' magazine (1965–1973). In the late 1940s, Bell was an instructor in the Social Sciences in the college of the [[University of Chicago]]. During the 1950s, it was close to the [[Congress for Cultural Freedom]].<ref name=GuarObit /> Subsequently, he taught sociology, first at Columbia (1959–1969) and then at [[Harvard University|Harvard]] until his retirement in 1990.<ref name="bio1">Jumonville, Neil, ed. [https://books.google.com/books?id=FXT1LZBamAgC&pg=PT209 The New York intellectuals reader], Ch. 17 (2007) ({{ISBN|978-0415952651}})</ref> He was elected a Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1964<ref name=AAAS>{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|access-date=May 30, 2011}}</ref> and a member of the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Daniel+Bell&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2022-07-13 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref>

Bell also was the visiting [[Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions]] at [[Cambridge University]] in 1987. He served as a member of the President's Commission on Technology in 1964–1965 and as a member of the President's Commission on a National Agenda for the 1980s in 1979.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l92JAgAAQBAJ&q=Daniel+Bell+member+of+the+President%27s+Commission+on+Technology+in+1964%E2%80%931965+and+as+a+member+of+the+President%27s+Commission+on+a+National+Agenda+for+the+1980s+in+1979.&pg=PA149|title=Daniel Bell|last=Waters|first=Malcolm|year=2002|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1134845569|pages=149|language=en}}</ref>

Bell served on the board of advisors for the ''[[Antioch Review]]'', and published some of his most acclaimed essays in the magazine: "Crime as an American Way of Life" (1953), "Socialism: The Dream and the Reality" (1952), "Japanese Notebook" (1958), "Ethics and Evil: Frameworks for Twenty-First Century Culture" (2005), and "The Reconstruction of Liberal Education: A Foundational Syllabus" (2011).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.antiochcollege.edu/news/archive/daniel-bell-noted-sociologist-and-advisor-antioch-review-dies|title=Daniel Bell, Noted Sociologist and Advisor to the Antioch Review, Dies &#124; Antioch College|website=www.antiochcollege.edu|date=9 August 2021|access-date=6 September 2017|archive-date=6 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906181757/http://www.antiochcollege.edu/news/archive/daniel-bell-noted-sociologist-and-advisor-antioch-review-dies|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Bell received honorary degrees from Harvard, the [[University of Chicago]], and fourteen other universities in the United States, as well as from [[Edinburgh Napier University]] and [[Keio University]] in [[Japan]]. He also received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the [[American Sociological Association]] in 1992, and the [[Talcott Parsons]] Prize for the Social Sciences from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1993. He was given the Tocqueville Award by the French government in 1995.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHW2SbFze5IC&q=Daniel+Bell+Tocqueville+Award+by+the+French+government+in+1995&pg=PA54|title=Encyclopedia of Media and Communication|last=Danesi|first=Marcel|year=2013|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-1442611696|pages=54|language=en}}</ref>

Bell was a director of Suntory Foundation<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UB8xDwAAQBAJ&q=Daniel+Bell++Suntory+Foundation&pg=PA321|title=The Reforming of General Education: The Columbia Experience in Its National Setting|last=Barnett|first=S. A.|date=2017-07-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1351475358|pages=321|language=en}}</ref> and a scholar in residence of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.<ref name="GuarObit" />

Bell once described himself as a "socialist in economics, a liberal in politics, and a conservative in culture."<ref name="quote">Gardner, Martin. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-gUUJ-IXf3UC&q=%22socialist+in+economics%22+bell&pg=PA4273 The Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener], p. 427 (1999 paperback ed.)</ref>

==Scholarship==
Bell is best known for his contributions to [[post-industrialism]]. His most influential books are, ''[[The End of Ideology]]'' (1960), ''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'' (1976),<ref name="contratimesreview">Williams, Raymond. [https://www.nytimes.com/1976/02/01/archives/how-can-we-sell-the-protestant-ethic-at-a-psychedelic-bazaar-the.html How can we sell the Protestant ethic at a psychedelic bazaar?: The Cultural Contradictions Of Capitalism (book review], ''[[The New York Times]]'', February 1, 1976</ref> and ''The Coming of Post-Industrial Society'' (1973).<ref>{{citation | last = Waters | first = Malcolm | contribution = Daniel Bell | editor-last = Ritzer | editor-first = George | editor-link = George Ritzer | title = The Blackwell companion to major contemporary social theorists | publisher = Blackwell | location = Malden, Massachusetts Oxford | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-1405105958 | quote = Waters identifies these as the "three works that made Bell famous" | postscript = .| title-link = The Blackwell Companion to Major Contemporary Social Theorists }} Also available as: {{Cite book | last = Waters | first = Malcolm | title = Chapter 6. Daniel Bell | pages = 154–177 | publisher = Wiley | date = 2003 | doi = 10.1002/9780470999912.ch7 | chapter = Daniel Bell | isbn = 978-0470999912 }} [http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405105958_chunk_g97814051059589 Extract.]</ref> Two of his books, the ''End of Ideology'' and the ''Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'', were listed by the ''[[Times Literary Supplement]]'' as among the 100 most important books in the second half of the twentieth century. Besides Bell, only [[Isaiah Berlin]], [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]], [[Albert Camus]], [[George Orwell]], and [[Hannah Arendt]] had two books so listed.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100619010636/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article5418361.ece The hundred most influential books since the war], ''[[Times Literary Supplement]]'', December 30, 2008</ref>

===''The End of Ideology''===
In ''[[The End of Ideology]]'' (1960), Bell suggests that the older grand humanistic ideologies, derived from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, are exhausted and that new more parochial ideologies will soon arise. With the rise of affluent welfare states and institutionalized bargaining between different groups, Bell maintains, revolutionary movements that aim to overthrow liberal democracy will no longer be able to attract the working classes.<ref>Strand, Daniel. [http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A974844&dswid=-7623 No Alternatives: The End of Ideology in the 1950s and the Post-political World of the 1990s], pp. 140–145 (Stockholm University 2016) ({{ISBN|978-9176494837}})</ref>

===''The Coming of Post-Industrial Society''===
In ''The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting'' (1973), Bell outlined a new kind of society, the [[post-industrial society]]. He argued that post-industrialism would be [[information]]-led and [[Service (economics)|service]]-oriented. Bell also argued that the post-industrial society would replace the industrial society as the dominant system.

There are three components to a post-industrial society, according to Bell:
* a shift from manufacturing to services,
* the centrality of the new science-based industries,
* the rise of new technical elites and the advent of a new principle of stratification.

Bell also conceptually differentiates between three aspects of the post-industrial society: data, or information describing the empirical world; information, or the organization of that data into meaningful systems and patterns such as statistical analysis; and knowledge, which Bell conceptualizes as the use of information to make judgments. Bell discussed the manuscript of ''The Coming of Post-Industrial Society'' with [[Talcott Parsons]] before its publication.

===''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism''===
In ''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'' (1976), Bell contends that the developments of twentieth-century capitalism have led to a contradiction between the cultural sphere of [[consumerism|consumerist]] instant self-gratification and the demand, in the economic sphere, for hard-working, productive individuals.<ref name="cult1">[[Eric Liu|Liu, Eric]]. [https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2010/09/how-boomers-left-us-with-an-ethical-deficit/63478/ How Boomers Left Us With an Ethical Deficit], ''[[The Atlantic]]'', September 24, 2010 ("When Daniel Bell wrote of the cultural contradictions of capitalism – that a self-denying work ethic leads to the affluence that gives rise to self-gratifying play ethic that ends up corroding the affluence – he could also have described the life cycle of the Boomers.")</ref> Bell articulates this through his "three realms" methodology, which divides modern society into the cultural, economic, and political spheres.

Bell's concern is that, with the growth of the welfare state throughout the post-war years, more and more of the population demand that the state fulfil the hedonistic desires which the cultural sphere encourages. That dovetails with the ongoing requirement for the state to maintain the kind of strong economic environment conducive to continual growth. For Bell, the competing, contradictory demands place excessive strain on the state that was manifest in the economic turbulence, fiscal pressure, and political upheaval characteristic of the 1970s.<ref name=gilbert_culture-crunch>{{cite journal|last=Gilbert|first=Andrew|title=The culture crunch: Daniel Bell's The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism|journal=[[Thesis Eleven]]|date=October 2013|volume=118|pages=83–95|doi=10.1177/0725513613500383|s2cid=143463159|url=http://the.sagepub.com/content/118/1/83.abstract|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Written at a time of significant shifts in U.S. politics, ''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'' offers reasons for the crisis of post-war liberalism.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Galbo|first=Joseph|title=From ''The Lonely Crowd'' to ''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'' and beyond: the shifting ground of liberal narratives|journal=[[Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences]]|date=Winter 2004|volume=40|issue=1 |pages=47–76|doi=10.1002/jhbs.10182|url=https://www.academia.edu/12779167}}</ref>

==Personal life==
His first two marriages, to Nora Potashnick and Elaine Graham, ended in divorce.<ref name=GuarObit /> In 1960,<ref name=GuarObit /> Bell married Pearl Kazin, a scholar of literary criticism, and sister of [[Alfred Kazin]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Schudel |first=Matt |title= Sociologist Foresaw Internet's Rise |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=January 27, 2011 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/sociologist-foresaw-internets-rise/2011/01/26/ABQy3LE_story.html }}</ref> She was also [[American Jews|Jewish]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GS_nCwAAQBAJ&q=Pearl+Kazin+Bell&pg=PA385|first=Alexander |last=Bloom|title=Prodigal Sons: The New York Intellectuals & Their World|page=385 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=1987|isbn=978-0195051773}}</ref> Bell's son, [[David Bell (historian)|David Bell]],<ref name="son1">[https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/24/style/weddings-donna-farber-david-a-bell.html Weddings; Donna Farber, David A. Bell], ''[[The New York Times]]'', May 24, 1993</ref> is a professor of French history at [[Princeton University]], and his daughter, Jordy Bell, was an academic administrator and teacher of, among other things, U.S. Women's history at [[Marymount College, Tarrytown]], New York, before her retirement in 2005.<ref name="jordy1">[https://books.google.com/books?id=gBztAAAAMAAJ&q=%22jordy+bell%22+marymount Alumni], ''[[The University of Chicago Magazine]]'', Vol. 93, p. 41 (2000) (noting that Jordy Bell is associate academic dean at Marymount)</ref>

He died at home in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] on January 25, 2011.<ref name="death1">[[Michael T. Kaufman|Kaufman, Michael T.]] (26 January 2011). [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/26/arts/26bell.html Daniel Bell, Ardent Appraiser of Politics, Economics and Culture, Dies at 91], ''[[The New York Times]]''</ref><ref name="death-AP">(26 January 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110131181405/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gKoNTgpnUhpQrH_ZIR6XryQ6wFgA?docId=b0f58ba74cca4671b568054c8387079d Daniel Bell, influential sociologist, dies at 91], ''[[Associated Press]]''</ref>

==Works==
'''Articles'''
* [https://archive.org/download/danielbellpoliticsmarch1944/Daniel%20Bell%20%28Politics%2C%20March%201944%29.pdf "The Coming Tragedy of American Labor."] ''[[Politics (1940s magazine)|Politics]]'', March 1944.
* [https://archive.org/download/the-world-of-moloch-by-daniel-bell-politics-may-1944-pp.-111-113/The%20World%20of%20Moloch%2C%20by%20Daniel%20Bell%20%28Politics%2C%20May%201944%29%20pp.%20111-113.pdf "The World of Moloch."] ''[[Politics (1940s magazine)|Politics]]'', May 1944, pp.&nbsp;111–113. [http://www.bibliotecaginobianco.it/flip/POL/01/POL01-0400/ Full Issue available].
* [https://archive.org/download/thesubversionofcollectivebargainingbydanielbell/The%20Subversion%20of%20Collective%20Bargaining%2C%20by%20Daniel%20Bell.pdf "The Subversion of Collective Bargaining."] ''[[Commentary (magazine)|Commentary]]'', March 1960, pp.&nbsp;697–713.
* "The Revolution of Rising Entitlement." ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'', 1975.

'''Books (authored)'''
* [https://archive.org/details/workitsdisconten0000bell ''Work and Its Discontents: The Cult of Efficiency in America'']. Boston: [[Beacon Press]], 1956.
* ''[[The End of Ideology|The End of Ideology: On the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in the Fifties]]''. New York: [[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]], 1960.
* [https://archive.org/details/reformingofgener00bell ''The Reforming of General Education'']. Garden City, NY: [[Doubleday Anchor]], 1966.
* [https://archive.org/details/comingofpostindu00bell_0 ''The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting'']. New York: [[Basic Books]], 1973.
* [https://archive.org/details/culturalcontradi00bell ''The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism'']. New York: [[Basic Books]], 1976.
** [https://archive.org/download/belldaniel.lascontradiccionesculturalesdelcapitalismo1994/Bell%2C%20Daniel.%20-%20Las%20contradicciones%20culturales%20del%20Capitalismo%20%5B1994%5D.pdf ''Las Contradicciones Culturales Del Capitalismo'']. Translated by Néster A Míguez. Mexico: Editorial Patria, 1994.
* [https://archive.org/details/windingpassagees0000bell/ ''The Winding Passage: Essays and Sociological Journeys, 1960–1980'']. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Abt Books, 1980.
* [https://archive.org/details/socialsciencessi0000bell ''The Social Sciences Since the Second World War'']. Piscataway, NJ: [[Transaction Books]], 1982.

'''Books (edited)'''
* [https://archive.org/download/newamericanright000051mbp/newamericanright000051mbp.pdf ''The New American Right'']. New York: Criterion Books, 1955.
* [https://archive.org/download/theradicalrightbydanielbelldoubleday1964/The%20Radical%20Right%2C%20by%20Daniel%20Bell%20%28Doubleday%2C%201964%29.pdf ''The Radical Right: The New American Right Expanded and Updated'']. New York: [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]], 1964.
* [https://archive.org/details/confrontationstu00bell/ ''Confrontation: The Student Rebellion and the Universities'']. Edited with [[Irving Kristol]]. [[National Affairs|National Affairs, Inc.]], 1968.
* [https://archive.org/details/capitalismtoday00bell ''Capitalism Today'']. Edited with [[Irving Kristol]]. New York: [[New American Library]], 1971.
* [https://archive.org/details/crisisineconomic00bell ''The Crisis in Economic Theory'']. Edited with [[Irving Kristol]]. New York: [[Basic Books]], 1981.

'''Books contributions'''
* [https://archive.org/details/marxiansocialism00bellrich/ "Marxian Socialism in the United States"] (Chapter 6). ''Socialism and American Life'', edited by [[Donald Drew Egbert]] & Stow Persons. Princeton, New Jersey: [[Princeton University Press]], 1952.
* [https://archive.org/download/interpretationsofamericanpoliticschapter1bydanielbellthenewamericanright/Interpretations%20of%20American%20Politics%20%28Chapter%201%29%20by%20Daniel%20Bell%20%28The%20New%20American%20Right%29.pdf "Interpretations of American Politics"] (Chapter 1). [https://archive.org/download/newamericanright000051mbp/newamericanright000051mbp.pdf ''The New American Right''], edited by Daniel Bell. New York: Criterion Books, 1955, pp.&nbsp;3–32.
* [https://archive.org/download/thedispossessedtheradicalrightbydanielbelldoubleday1964/The%20Dispossessed%20-%20The%20Radical%20Right%2C%20by%20Daniel%20Bell%20%28Doubleday%2C%201964%29.pdf "The Dispossessed"] (Chapter{{nbsp}}1). [https://archive.org/download/theradicalrightbydanielbelldoubleday1964/The%20Radical%20Right%2C%20by%20Daniel%20Bell%20%28Doubleday%2C%201964%29.pdf ''The Radical Right: The New American Right Expanded and Updated''], edited by Daniel Bell. New York: [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]], 1964, pp.&nbsp;1–38.
* "Work, Alienation and Social Control". ''The Radical Papers'', edited by [[Irving Howe]]. New York: [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]], 1966, pp.&nbsp;86–98.
* [https://archive.org/download/modelsandrealityineconomicdiscourse/Models%20and%20Reality%20in%20Economic%20Discourse.pdf "Models and Reality in Economic Discourse"] (Chapter 4). [https://archive.org/details/crisisineconomic00bell ''The Crisis in Economic Theory''], edited by Daniel Bell & [[Irving Kristol]]. New York: [[Basic Books]], 1981.

'''Published lectures'''
* [https://archive.org/details/deficitshowbigho0000bell/ ''The Deficits: How Big? How Long? How Dangerous?''] The Joseph I. Living Memorial Lecture Series, No. 2. [[New York University Press]], 1986.

==See also==
* [[Late capitalism]]
* [[Neoconservatism]]
* [[The New York Intellectuals]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite magazine |last=Bell |first=David A. |title=Daniel Bell at 100 | magazine=Dissent Magazine | date=9 May 2019 | url=https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online_articles/daniel-bell-at-100}}
* {{cite book | last = Brick | first = Howard | title = Daniel Bell and the decline of intellectual radicalism : social theory and political reconciliation in the 1940s | publisher = University of Wisconsin Press | location = Madison, Wis | year = 1986 | isbn = 978-0299105501 }}
* {{cite book | last = Liebowitz | first = Nathan | title = Daniel Bell and the agony of modern liberalism | publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Westport, Conn | year = 1985 | isbn = 978-0313242793 }}
* Starr, Paul, and Julian Zelizer, eds. ''Defining the Age: Daniel Bell, His Time and Ours'' (Columbia University Press, 2021). [https://www.princeton.edu/~starr/articles/articles21/Starr-Zelizer_Introduction_Defining-the-Age.pdf "Introduction" pp 1-27]

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.english.upenn.edu/~afilreis/50s/bell-chap13.html Bell's ''The End of Ideology'' chapter 13]
* {{C-SPAN|83301}}
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/13/books/review/Tanenhaus-t.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1&sq=danielbell&st=cse&scp=1 Daniel Bell, Master Builder. SAM TANENHAUS. NYTimes. February 3, 2011.]
* [https://www.pbs.org/arguing/ Arguing the World], 1998 [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] documentary film featuring [[Nathan Glazer]], [[Irving Howe]], [[Irving Kristol]], and Bell
* [http://purl.lib.ua.edu/82833 Speech by Daniel Bell on March 22, 1968, discussing the new character of American life.] Audio from [http://purl.lib.ua.edu/18388 The University of Alabama's Emphasis Symposium on Contemporary Issues]
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28Daniel%20Bell%29 Works by Daniel Bell] at [[Internet Archive]]
* [https://www.jstor.org/action/doAdvancedSearch?q0=Daniel+bell&f0=au&c1=AND&q1=&f1=all&c2=AND&q2=&f2=all&c3=AND&q3=&f3=all&c4=AND&q4=&f4=all&c5=AND&q5=&f5=all&c6=AND&q6=&f6=all&acc=on&la=&sd=&ed=&pt=&isbn=&group=none Works by Daniel Bell] at [[JSTOR]]

{{New York Intellectuals}}
{{Authority control}}

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