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Data link
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{{Short description|Means of connecting one location to another in order to transmit information between them}} {{about|links for digital data transmission|other uses (including the network layer)}} {{No footnotes|date=October 2008}} A '''data link''' is a means of [[telecommunications link|connecting one location to another]] for the purpose of transmitting and receiving digital information ([[data communication]]). It can also refer to a set of electronics assemblies, consisting of a transmitter and a receiver (two pieces of [[data terminal equipment]]) and the interconnecting data [[telecommunication circuit]]. These are governed by a [[link protocol]] enabling digital data to be transferred from a data source to a [[data sink]]. ==Types== There are at least three types of basic data-link configurations that can be conceived of and used: * [[Simplex communication]]s, most commonly meaning all communications in one direction only. * [[Half-duplex]] communications, meaning communications in both directions, but not both ways simultaneously. * [[Duplex (telecommunications)|Duplex communications]], communications in both directions simultaneously. ==Aviation== In civil [[aviation]], a data-link system (known as [[Controller Pilot Data Link Communications]]) is used to send information between aircraft and [[air traffic control]]lers for example when an aircraft is too far from the ATC to make voice radio communication and [[radar]] observations possible. Such systems are used for aircraft crossing the [[Atlantic]], [[Pacific]] and [[Indian Ocean|Indian]] oceans. One such system, used by [[Nav Canada]] and [[NATS Holdings|NATS]] over the North Atlantic, uses a five-digit data link sequence number confirmed between air traffic control and the pilots of the aircraft before the aircraft proceeds to cross the ocean. This system uses the aircraft's [[flight management computer]] to send location, speed and altitude information about the aircraft to the ATC. ATC can then send messages to the aircraft regarding any necessary change of course. In [[unmanned aircraft]], land vehicles, boats, and spacecraft, a two-way ([[full-duplex]] or [[half-duplex]]) data-link is used to send [[control system|control signals]], and to receive [[telemetry]]. ==See also== * [[ACARS]] * [[NASA Deep Space Network]] * [[Space probe]] * [[Tactical data link]] * [[Terminal (telecommunication)]] * [[Timex Datalink]] * [[Unmanned aerial vehicle]] ==Sources== *{{FS1037C MS188}} *{{DODDIC}} {{Telecommunications}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Data transmission]]
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