Editing David Beasley

{{Short description|American politician}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2011}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name                = David Beasley
|image               = File:Fernandez Programa Mundial Alimentos2.jpg
|office              = Executive Director of the [[World Food Programme]]
|1blankname          = {{nowrap|Secretary General}}
|1namedata           = [[António Guterres]]
|term_start          = April 4, 2017
|term_end            = April 5, 2023
|predecessor         = [[Ertharin Cousin]]
|successor           = [[Cindy McCain]] 
|order1              = 113th [[Governor of South Carolina]]
|lieutenant1         = [[Bob Peeler]]
|term_start1         = January 11, 1995
|term_end1           = January 13, 1999
|predecessor1        = [[Carroll A. Campbell Jr.|Carroll Campbell]]
|successor1          = [[Jim Hodges]]
|state_house2        = South Carolina
|district2           = 56th
|term_start2         = January 9, 1981
|term_end2           = January 1993
|predecessor2        = Gary Byrd
|successor2          = Denny Neilson
|birth_name          = David Muldrow Beasley
|birth_date          = {{nowrap|{{birth date and age|1957|2|26}}}}
|birth_place         = [[Lamar, South Carolina]], U.S.
|death_date          = 
|death_place         = 
|party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (Before 1991)<br>[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1991–present)
|spouse              = Mary Wood Payne
|education           = [[Clemson University]]<br>[[University of South Carolina]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Juris Doctor|JD]])
}}
'''David Muldrow Beasley''' (born February 26, 1957) is an American politician and the former executive director of the [[United Nations]] [[World Food Programme]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www1.wfp.org/executive-director |title=Executive Director |access-date=April 12, 2017 |archive-date=May 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501201958/http://www1.wfp.org/executive-director |url-status=dead }}</ref> A member of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]], he served one term as the [[List of governors of South Carolina|113th Governor of South Carolina]] from 1995 until 1999 before losing reelection to [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Jim Hodges]]. He also served as a [[South Carolina House of Representatives|state representative]] from 1981 until 1995.

==Early life==
Beasley was born in [[Lamar, South Carolina]]. He is the son of Richard Lee Beasley and Jacqueline (Blackwell) Beasley. He graduated from Lamar High School in 1975, then attended the Capitol Page School in Washington, DC while serving as a [[Page of the United States House of Representatives|page in the U.S. Congress]].<ref name="family">{{cite web|title=David Muldrow Beasley, 83rd Governor of the State of South Carolina 1995 to 1999 |url=https://www.carolana.com/SC/Governors/dmbeasley.html |author= J.D. Lewis|publisher=carolana.com |access-date=6 October 2023}}</ref>

==Early political career==
Elected to the [[South Carolina House of Representatives]] at age 20, Beasley transferred from Clemson University to the University of South Carolina where he received a BA in Interdisciplinary Studies in 1979 and a J.D. from the School of Law in 1983.<ref name="A Nobel career path">{{cite web|url=https://sc.edu/study/colleges_schools/law/about/news/2021/a_nobel_career_path.php|title=A Nobel career path|date=February 10, 2021|access-date=February 12, 2021}}</ref> Beasley was a member of the South Carolina House representing the [[Society Hill, South Carolina|Society Hill]] area from 1979 until 1995, serving as majority whip from 1985 to 1986 and the majority leader from 1987 to 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Brown|first=Tonya|date=2021-01-28|title=Town of Society Hill salutes former S.C. Gov. David Beasley|url=https://wpde.com/news/local/town-of-society-hill-former-south-carolina-governor-david-beasley|access-date=2021-08-12|website=WPDE}}</ref> He served as the youngest Speaker ''pro tempore'' and majority leader in the nation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciway.net/hist/governors/beasley.html|title=South Carolina – David Muldrow Beasley – 1995–1999|website=www.sciway.net|access-date=August 19, 2007|archive-date=August 19, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819172609/http://www.sciway.net/hist/governors/beasley.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

During the 1991–92 legislative session Beasley switched to the Republican Party.<ref name="David Muldrow Beasley">{{cite web |title=David Muldrow Beasley |url=https://www.carolana.com/SC/Governors/dmbeasley.html |website=carolana.com |access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref> 

==Governor Of South Carolina (1995-1999)==
In the [[1994 South Carolina gubernatorial election|1994 election for governor]], both Beasley and his Democratic opponent [[Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina|Lieutenant Governor]] [[Nick Theodore]] faced tough [[Partisan primary|primary]] opposition within their respective parties. Beasley defeated his toughest competitor, former congressman and state senator [[Arthur Ravenel Jr.]], in both the primary and run-off, and went on to win the general election by a narrow margin of 50% to 48%.<ref name="David Muldrow Beasley"/>
[[File:Confederate flag in Columbia, SC IMG 4773 (cropped).JPG|thumb|right|150px|Beasley supported moving the Confederate flag from the Statehouse dome to a pole on the lawn (as seen in the image).]]
South Carolina had a strong economy while Beasley was governor, with unemployment at a record-low 3.5% in 1998. <ref name="South Carolina Unemployment Rate">{{cite web|url=https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SCUR|publisher=FRED Economic Research|access-date=2020-05-19|title=South Carolina Unemployment Rate|date=January 1976 |archive-date=July 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713071209/https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SCUR|url-status=live}}</ref> Beasley often made known his Christ-centered beliefs and conservatism in a state known for its strong ties to Christianity and conservative politics.<ref name="Key Races of 1998">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/keyraces98/stories/sc093098.htm|newspaper=Washington Post|title=S. Carolina Incumbent in Unexpected Tussle|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=August 16, 2000|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816092638/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/keyraces98/stories/sc093098.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Beasley strongly opposed gambling, which was legal in South Carolina until 2002.<ref name="Gambling in SC">{{cite web|url=https://www.myrtlebeachonline.com/news/local/article233062547.html|publisher=Myrtle Beach Online|title=Is legal gambling possible in SC?|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=July 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727172745/https://www.myrtlebeachonline.com/news/local/article233062547.html|url-status=live}}</ref> At the time, many gas stations, convenience stores, and poker "casinos" were established across the state, and as Beasley supported legislation that would outlaw gambling, the video poker industry generated "Ban Beasley" billboards and radio ads.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/381e63a1a51410ee169c115471b27e67|title=Louisiana Shuts Down Video Poker|website=[[Associated Press]] |date=July 1, 1999|access-date=June 8, 2018|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140718/https://apnews.com/381e63a1a51410ee169c115471b27e67|url-status=live}}</ref>

Until 2000, the [[Confederate flag]] flew atop the [[South Carolina State House]]. It had been raised over the Capitol dome in celebration of the Civil War centennial. This celebration started in 1961 with the raising of the Army of Tennessee Battle Flag over the State House Dome. The Army of Tennessee Battle Flags were also displayed in the inner chambers of the SC Senate and SC House of Representatives.

Beasley initially supported the flag's presence but announced on statewide television in 1996 that he had reversed his decision and believed the flag should be relocated to a monument elsewhere on the grounds. Beasley's position on the Confederate flag cost him many Republican votes in the next election. The flag was removed from the capitol dome in 2000 after Beasley left office. It was displayed on a pole in front of the statehouse until it was removed from the grounds in 2015 after the [[Emanuel Nine]] shooting.<ref name="Palmetto Politics">{{Cite web|url=https://www.postandcourier.com/politics/20-years-on-ex-sc-gov-beasley-s-prayer-on-flag-answered-confederate-battle-flag/article_4b1d3ee5-1362-5e02-9cef-30a891030b31.html|title=20 years on, ex-SC gov Beasley's prayer on flag answered Confederate battle flag finds a new home among artifacts|first=Meg|last=Kinnard|website=Post and Courier|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=July 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725003418/https://www.postandcourier.com/politics/20-years-on-ex-sc-gov-beasley-s-prayer-on-flag-answered-confederate-battle-flag/article_4b1d3ee5-1362-5e02-9cef-30a891030b31.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Beasley also faced allegations of having an affair with his former press secretary, Ginny Wolfe. Beasley refuted the claims, saying, "I can tell you right up front [my wife] Mary Wood and I love each other dearly. We both have been faithful to one another 100 percent."{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}

In the [[1998 South Carolina gubernatorial election]], Beasley lost re-election to Democratic former state representative [[Jim Hodges]] by a large margin of 53% to 45%. Hodges took advantage of controversy and missteps made by Beasley, namely Beasley's indecisiveness on allowing the Confederate flag to fly at the state capitol and call to eliminate video poker while also blaming Beasley for the poor SAT scores and the low achievement levels by the students of the state. Donations from video gambling interests helped Hodges narrow a near million-dollar fundraising gap with Beasley. <ref name="Key Races of 1998"/>

==Later career==
===Post-governor===
[[File:David_Beaslay_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_02.jpg|thumb|right|Beasley at the [[Global Citizen Festival]] in [[Hamburg, Germany]].]]
In 2000, after leaving office as governor, Beasley supported George W. Bush in the South Carolina Republican presidential primary.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Michelle R. |title=Republican run pits old guard, upstarts |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/106820902/beasley-endorses-bush/ |access-date=2 August 2022 |publisher=The Sun News |date=6 February 2000 |page=8A}}</ref> He introduced Bush during a campaign speech at Bob Jones University, which drew controversy because of the fundamentalist school's anti-Catholic teaching and strict policy against interracial dating. Referring to Bush's anti-abortion stance, Beasley said Bush "shares our values."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hoover |first1=Dan |title=State is new GOP front line |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/194901507/ |access-date=2 August 2022 |publisher=The Greenville News |date=3 February 2000 |page=1A}}</ref>

After his term as governor, Beasley was a fellow at [[Harvard Kennedy School]]. In 2003, he received the [[John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award]] from [[U.S. senator]] [[Ted Kennedy]] for his controversial request to the South Carolina legislature to remove the Confederate flag from the South Carolina statehouse dome.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/events-and-awards/profile-in-courage-award/award-recipients/david-beasley-2003|title=David Beasley &#124; JFK Library|website=www.jfklibrary.org|access-date=October 9, 2020|archive-date=July 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729135339/https://www.jfklibrary.org/events-and-awards/profile-in-courage-award/award-recipients/david-beasley-2003|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2004, Beasley [[United States Senate election in South Carolina, 2004|unsuccessfully ran]] for the [[United States Senate]] to replace retiring Democrat [[Fritz Hollings]]. He lost the Republican nomination to [[Congressman]] [[Jim DeMint]] of [[Greenville, South Carolina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5271850|title=DeMint defeats Beasley in S. Carolina runoff|website=[[NBC News]] |date=June 23, 2004|access-date=March 28, 2017|archive-date=March 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329142358/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5271850/ns/politics/#.WNrtBo61tBw|url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2005, Beasley, along with his administration's former chief legal counsel, Henry Deneen, incorporated the Center for Global Strategies, Ltd (CGS). CGS focuses on developmental initiatives in the non-integrated world. Beasley is chairman of the board.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.centerforglobalstrategies.org/cgs-board|title=Our Board|website=Center for Global Strategies|access-date=October 9, 2020|archive-date=May 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517103749/http://www.centerforglobalstrategies.org/cgs-board/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2007, Beasley endorsed [[Mike Huckabee]] in the [[Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008|2008 Republican presidential primaries]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Sheinin |first=Aaron |url=http://www.mikehuckabeepresident2016.com/2007/05/huckabee-picks-up-key-endoresement.html |title=Huckabee Picks Up Key Endorsement |work=[[The State (newspaper)|The State]] |date=May 19, 2007 |access-date=April 22, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150422194601/http://www.mikehuckabeepresident2016.com/2007/05/huckabee-picks-up-key-endoresement.html |archive-date=April 22, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In 2010, he endorsed [[Henry McMaster]] in the South Carolina Republican gubernatorial primaries.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}

===World Food Programme===
[[File:World Food Programme Courtesy Call 12.jpg|thumb|Beasley with [[Barbados]] prime minister [[Mia Mottley]].]]
In February 2017, United States Ambassador to the [[United Nations]] [[Nikki Haley]] (also a former South Carolina governor) nominated Beasley to be the next executive director of the [[World Food Programme]] (WFP).{{efn|[[President Donald Trump]] approved the nomination}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.postandcourier.com/politics/nikki-haley-nominates-former-south-carolina-gov-david-beasley-for/article_dedc81ee-fdd4-11e6-a80b-2f0ab73f2f31.html|title=Nikki Haley nominates former South Carolina Gov. David Beasley for U.N. food post|work=The Post and Courier|date=28 February 2017|access-date=March 28, 2017|archive-date=March 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170311195830/http://www.postandcourier.com/politics/nikki-haley-nominates-former-south-carolina-gov-david-beasley-for/article_dedc81ee-fdd4-11e6-a80b-2f0ab73f2f31.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[United Nations]] Secretary-General [[António Guterres]] and U.N. [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] [[José Graziano da Silva]] officially appointed Beasley to the post in March 2017, saying he brought "extensive experience with key governmental and business leaders and stakeholders around the world, with very strong resource mobilisation skills."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=56459#.WQCG6WmGN1M|title=David Beasley of United States appointed as head of UN emergency food agency|publisher=UN News Centre|date=29 March 2017|access-date=June 28, 2017|archive-date=May 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503214111/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=56459#.WQCG6WmGN1M|url-status=live}}</ref> Guterres also said Beasley had been among 23 applications/nominations for the position.<ref>Michelle Nichols (March 28, 2017), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-un/u-n-picks-former-u-s-state-governor-to-run-world-food-programme-idUSKBN16Z2O8 U.N. picks former U.S. state governor to run World Food Programme] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117233504/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-un/u-n-picks-former-u-s-state-governor-to-run-world-food-programme-idUSKBN16Z2O8 |date=November 17, 2018 }} ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref>

In his capacity as executive director of WFP, Beasley served at the level of [[Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations]] and was a member of the organization's Senior Management Group (SMG) under Guterres.<ref>[https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/senior-management-group Senior Management Group] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117193125/https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/senior-management-group |date=November 17, 2018 }} [[United Nations]].</ref> Since 2019, he has been a member of the [[World Economic Forum]] High-Level Group on Humanitarian Investing, co-chaired by [[Børge Brende]], [[Kristalina Georgieva]] and [[Peter Maurer]].<ref>[https://www.weforum.org/press/2019/01/world-economic-forum-2019-annual-meeting-launching-a-new-humanitarian-investing-initiative/ World Economic Forum 2019 Annual Meeting launching a new Humanitarian Investing Initiative] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212011237/https://www.weforum.org/press/2019/01/world-economic-forum-2019-annual-meeting-launching-a-new-humanitarian-investing-initiative/ |date=February 12, 2019 }} [[World Economic Forum]], press release of January 18, 2019.</ref>

In December 2020, Beasley accepted the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] on behalf of the WFP for its efforts to combat world hunger.<ref name="A Nobel career path"/>

As the term of the director of the [[World Food Programme]] is five years, Beasley's term was originally set to expire in April 2022. However, United Nations Secretary-General [[António Guterres]] extended Beasley's term, citing the current food crisis of the [[Russo-Ukrainian War]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lynch |first1=Colum |title=U.N. to Keep Beasley at WFP as Food Crises Roil the World |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/03/17/un-wfp-david-beasley-food-crisis/ |website=Foreign Policy Magazine |access-date=18 March 2022}}</ref> and the [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="Stepping down">{{cite web |last1=Buchanan |first1=Christopher |title=Former SC Governor David Beasley to leave top role with global humanitarian organization |url=https://www.wltx.com/article/news/local/david-beasley-leave-role-global-humanitarian-organization/101-865c1e11-7096-40c1-b90b-baa78a0c0a30 |website=WLTX |access-date=18 December 2022}}</ref> President [[Biden]] initially opposed extending Beasley's term, but bipartisan support in Congress encouraged Biden to support the extension.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Swan |first1=Johnathan |title=Senators derailed Biden from dumping World Food Program head |url=https://www.axios.com/2022/06/12/world-food-program-david-beasley |website=AXIOS |date=June 12, 2022 |access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref> Beasley's term as executive director expired in April 2023.<ref name="Stepping down"/>

In 2023, he was made a Grand officer of the [[Order of the Two Niles]] by the Sudanese [[Head of state of Sudan|head of state]] General [[Abdel Fattah al-Burhan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=UN Beasley Takes Award from Coup Official in Sudan as UN Maintains Secret List of People Banned by Guterres |url=https://www.innercitypress.com/ungate1sudanwfpguttedicp021523.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222113623/https://www.innercitypress.com/ungate1sudanwfpguttedicp021523.html |archive-date=22 February 2023 |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=www.innercitypress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sovereignty Council President Awards Two Niles Order to WFP Executive Director |url=https://suna-sd.net/read?id=762560 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204858/https://suna-sd.net/read?id=762560 |archive-date=13 March 2023 |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=suna-news.net |language=ar}}</ref>

==Other activities==
* SDG2 Advocacy Hub, co-chair of the steering committee (since 2017)<ref>[http://www.sdg2advocacyhub.org/aboutus The SDG 2 Hub: Who we are] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117193145/http://www.sdg2advocacyhub.org/aboutus |date=November 17, 2018 }} SDG2 Advocacy Hub.</ref>
* Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN), member of the Lead Group (since 2017)<ref>[https://scalingupnutrition.org/sun-supporters/sun-movement-lead-group/SUN Movement Lead Group]{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN)</ref>
* Peace Research Endowment (PRE), member of the board of directors (since 2011)<ref name="auto">[http://www.peace-research-endowment.org/Board/ Board of Directors] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907121609/http://www.peace-research-endowment.org/Board/ |date=September 7, 2018 }} Peace Research Endowment (PRE).</ref>
* 2003 – [[Profile in Courage Award|John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award]]<ref name="auto"/>
* 2020 – [[Nobel Peace Prize]] awarded to the World Food Programme

==Personal life==
Beasley is married to Mary Wood Beasley.

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
*[http://www.sciway.net/hist/governors/beasley.html SCIway Biography of David Muldrow Beasley]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927185655/http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=24e6ae3effb81010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD NGA Biography of David Muldrow Beasley]
* {{C-SPAN|37917}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ab779qghkI 1995 David Muldrow Beasley Swearing in Ceremony] on [[South Carolina Educational Television]]
* 2020 [[Nobel Prize]] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WV5zYKHuYso lecture: World Food Programme, Nobel Peace Prize 2020]
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{{Governors of South Carolina}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beasley, David}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:American officials of the United Nations]]
[[Category:Clemson University alumni]]
[[Category:Executive Directors of the World Food Programme]]
[[Category:Governors of South Carolina]]
[[Category:Harvard Kennedy School people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Members of the South Carolina House of Representatives]]
[[Category:People from Darlington, South Carolina]]
[[Category:People from Lamar, South Carolina]]
[[Category:People from Society Hill, South Carolina]]
[[Category:Republican Party governors of South Carolina]]
[[Category:South Carolina Democrats]]
[[Category:South Carolina Republicans]]
[[Category:University of South Carolina alumni]]
[[Category:Recipients of orders, decorations, and medals of Sudan]]
[[Category:Diplomats from South Carolina]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the South Carolina General Assembly]]