Editing Democratic globalization

{{Short description|Social movement towards global democracy}}
'''Democratic globalization''' is a [[social movement]] towards an institutional system of global [[democracy]].<ref name="Rosow George 2014 p. 2">{{cite book | last1=Rosow | first1=S.J. | last2=George | first2=J. | title=Globalization and Democracy | publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers | year=2014 | isbn=978-1-4422-1810-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iA0WBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA2 | access-date=2023-04-23 | page=2}}</ref> One of its proponents is the British political thinker [[David Held]]. In the last decade, Held published a dozen books regarding the spread of democracy from territorially defined nation states to a system of [[global governance]] that encompasses the entire world. For some, '''democratic mundialisation''' (from the French term mondialisation) is a variant of democratic globalisation that emphasizes the need for citizens worldwide to directly elect world leaders and members of global institutions; for others, it is just democratic globalization by another name.<ref name="Fisher 2016 pp. 209–234">{{cite book | last=Fisher | first=Stephen | title=Globalization and Domestic Politics | chapter=Democratic Support and Globalization | publisher=Oxford University Press | date=2016-01-01 | doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198757986.003.0011 | pages=209–234| isbn=978-0-19-875798-6 }}</ref>

These proponents state that democratic globalisation's purpose is to:
* Expand [[globalisation]] and make people closer and more united. This expansion should differ from economic globalization and "make people closer, more united and protected" because of a variety of opinions and proposals it is still unclear what this would mean in practice and how it could be realized.
* Have it reach all fields of activity and knowledge, including governmental and economic, since the economic one is crucial to develop the well-being of world citizens.
* Give [[world citizen]]s democratic access and a say in those global activities. For example, presidential voting for [[United Nations Secretary-General]] by citizens and [[direct election]] of members of a [[United Nations Parliamentary Assembly]].

Democratic globalization supporters state that the choice of political orientations should be left to the world citizens via their participation in world democratic institutions. Some proponents in the [[anti-globalization]] movement do not necessarily disagree with this position. For example, [[George Monbiot]], normally associated with the anti-globalization movement (who prefers the term [[global justice movement]]), has proposed in his work ''Age of Consent'' similar democratic reforms of most major global institutions, suggesting direct democratic elections of such bodies and a form of [[world government]].

== Background ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}
Democratic globalization supports the extension of political democratization to economic and [[Global financial system|financial globalization]]. It is based upon an idea that free international transactions benefit the global society as a whole. They believe in financially
open economies, where the government and [[central bank]] must be transparent in order to retain the confidence of the markets, since transparency spells doom for [[autocratic regime]]s. They promote democracy that makes leaders more accountable to the citizenry through the removal of restrictions on such transactions.

== Social movements ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}
The democratic globalization movement started to get public attention when New York Times reported its demonstration to contest a [[World Trade Organization]] (WTO) in Seattle, Washington, November 1999. This gathering was to criticize unfair trade and undemocratic globalization of the WTO, [[World Bank]], [[World Economic Forum]] (WEF), the [[International Monetary Fund]]. Its primary tactics were public rallies, street theater and [[civil disobedience]].

Democratic globalization, proponents claim, would be reached by creating democratic global institutions and changing [[international organization]]s (which are currently [[Intergovernmental organization|intergovernmental]] institutions controlled by the nation-states), into global ones controlled by world citizens.  The movement suggests to do it gradually by building a limited number of democratic global institutions in charge of a few crucial fields of common interest. Its long-term goal is that these institutions federate later into a full-fledged democratic world government.

===Global democracy===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}
Thus, it supports the [[International Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly]], that would allow for participation of member nations' legislators and, eventually, direct election of United Nations (UN) parliament members by citizens worldwide.

==Differences with anti-globalization==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}
Democratic globalization supporters state that the choice of political orientations should be left to the [[global citizenship#World citizen|world citizens]], via their participation in world democratic institutions and direct vote for world presidents (see [[presidentialism]]).

Some supporters of the "[[anti-globalization movement]]" do not necessarily disagree with this position. For example, [[George Monbiot]], normally associated with the anti-globalization movement (who prefers the term [[Global Justice Movement]]) in his work ''Age of Consent'' has proposed similar democratic reforms of most major global institutions, suggesting direct democratic elections of such bodies by citizens, and suggests a form of "[[federal world government]]".

==Procedure==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}
Democratic globalization, proponents claim, would be reached by creating democratic [[global institution]]s and changing international organizations (which are currently intergovernmental institutions controlled by the nation-states), into global ones controlled by voting by the citizens.  The movement suggests to do it gradually by building a limited number of democratic global institutions in charge of a few crucial fields of common interest. Its long-term goal is that these institutions federate later into a full-fledged [[democratic world government]].

They propose the creation of world services for citizens, like world [[civil protection]] and [[hazard prevention|prevention]] (from [[natural hazard]]s) services.

==Proponents==
The concept of democratic globalization has supporters from all fields. Many of the campaigns and initiatives for global democracy, such as the UNPA campaign, list quotes by and names of their supporters on their websites.<ref>
UNPA Campaign "[http://en.unpacampaign.org/quotes/index.php Quotes]" and "[http://en.unpacampaign.org/appeal/support/ini_all_0.php list of featured supporters] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903154706/http://en.unpacampaign.org/appeal/support/ini_all_0.php |date=2010-09-03 }}".</ref>

===Academics===
Some of the most prolific proponents are the [[United Kingdom|British]] political thinker [[David Held]] and the Italian political theorist [[Daniele Archibugi]].  In the last decade they published several books regarding the spread of democracy from territorially defined nation states to a system of [[global governance]] that encapsulates the entire planet. [[Richard Falk]] has developed the idea from an [[international law]] perspective, [[Ulrich Beck]] from a sociological approach and [[Jürgen Habermas]] has elaborate the normative principles.

===Politicians===
* In 2003, Bob Brown, the leader of the Australian Green Party, has tabled a move for global democracy in the Australian Senate: "I move: That the Senate supports global democracy based on the principle of 'one person, one vote, one value'; and supports the vision of a global parliament which empowers all the world's people equally to decide on matters of international significance."<ref>
The Senate of Australia "[http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22chamber%2Fhansards%2F2003-06-16%2F0073%22 GLOBAL DEMOCRACY AND GLOBAL PARLIAMENT]".</ref>
* [[Graham Watson]] (Former member of the European Parliament and former leader of the [[Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe]]) and [[Jo Leinen]] (Member of the European Parliament) are strong supporter of global democracy. They were among those presenting the "Brussels Declaration on Global Democracy" on February 23, 2010, at an event inside the European Parliament.<ref>
KDUN "[http://www.kdun.org/782/brussels-declaration-on-global-democracy/ Brussels Declaration on Global Democracy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606082234/http://www.kdun.org/782/brussels-declaration-on-global-democracy/ |date=2010-06-06 }}".</ref>
*The appeals of the campaign for a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly has already been endorsed by more than 700 parliamentarians from more than 90 countries.<ref>
UNPA Campaign "[http://en.unpacampaign.org/support/index.php Overview support]".</ref>

===List of prominent figures===
* [[Garry Davis]] (peace activist who created the first World Passport)
* [[Albert Einstein]] ("The moral authority of the UN would be considerable enhanced if the delegates were elected directly by the people")
* [[George Monbiot]] ("A world parliament allows the poor to speak for themselves")<ref>George Monbiot "[http://www.monbiot.com/2007/04/24/no-more-ventriloquists/ No More Ventriloquists]"</ref>
* [[Desmond Tutu]] ("We must strive for a global democracy, in which not only the rich and the powerful have a say, but which treats everyone, everywhere with dignity and respect")<ref>
GiveYourVote "[http://giveyourvote.org/supporters Supporter Statements] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318054459/http://giveyourvote.org/supporters |date=2010-03-18 }}"</ref>
* [[Peter Ustinov]] (President of the World Federalist Movement from 1991 to 2004)
* [[Abhay Kumar|Abhay K]] ("The mass availability of internet-connected mobile phones paves the way for planetary consciousness and global democracy")<ref>Abhay K "[https://archive.today/20120707042630/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-01-21/edit-page/28367706_1_printing-press-number-of-mobile-phones-gutenberg/2 Birth Of Global Democracy]", [[The Times of India]], Jan 21, 2011</ref>

==See also==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[[Alter-globalization]]
*[[Cosmopolitanism]]
*[[Cosmopolitan democracy]]
*[[Democratic peace theory]]
*[[Discrimination based on nationality]]
*[[Federalism]]
*[[One Big Union (concept)]]
*[[Federal World Government]]
*[[Global Citizens Movement]]
*[[Global governance]]
*[[Global justice]]
*[[Global Justice Movement]]
*[[Internationalism (politics)]]
*[[Multilateralism]]
*[[Mundialization]]
*[[National sovereignty]]
*[[New world order (Baháʼí)]]
*[[Presidentialism]]
*[[Supranationalism]]
*[[Toni Negri]] (1933-2023) Italian marxist political philosopher author of ''[[Empire (Negri and Hardt book)|Empire]]''
*[[Transnational progressivism]]
*[[United Nations]]
*[[United Nations Parliamentary Assembly]]
*[[World political party|World political parties]]
*[[World citizen]]
*[[World Constitution and Parliament Association]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
<references/>
* Eichengreen, Barry  et al.. "Democracy and Globalization" Working Paper 12450 (2006). National Bureau of Economic Research. Web. 20 Sept. 2013
* {{Cite book | year= 2014 | last1= James | first1= Paul | author-link= Paul James (academic) | last2= van Seeters | first2= Paul | title= Globalization and Politics, Vol. 2: Global Social Movements and Global Civil Society | url= https://www.academia.edu/7305007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}}
* Mwesige, Peter  et al. ". From Seattle 1999 To New York 2004: A Longitudinal Analysis Of Journalistic Framing Of The Movement For Democratic Globalization" Social Movement Studies 6.2 (2007): 131-145. Academic Search Complete. Web. 25 Sept. 2013.

==External links==
* {{cite web |author=Tony Smith |url=http://www.public.iastate.edu/~tonys/Held.html |title=Philosopher Tony Smith critique of Held |publisher=[[Iowa State University]] |work=public.iasate.edu |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050211041404/http://www.public.iastate.edu/~tonys/Held.html |archive-date=2005-02-11 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.civilocracy.org |title=Civilocracy &mdash; Equality and diversity in global democracy |work=civilocracy.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107214324/http://www.civilocracy.org/ |archive-date=January 7, 2016 }} 
* {{cite web |date=June 26, 2012 |url=http://www.uno-komitee.de/ |title=Committee for a Democratic UN &mdash; Making the UN system more effective and democratic |work=uno-komitee.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051020103106/http://www.uno-komitee.de/ |archive-date=2005-10-20 }}
* {{cite web|last=Held|first=David|title=Globalisation: fears and hopes|url=http://www.peopleandtheplanet.com/index.html@lid=27832&section=51&topic=27.html|publisher=People and the planet}}
* {{cite web|last=Stiglitz|first=Joseph|title=On the Wrong Side of Globalization|url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/03/15/on-the-wrong-side-of-globalization/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0|work=The New York Times|date=15 March 2014 }}
* [http://www.kdun.org/ Committee for a Democratic UN] - Making the UN system more effective and democratic
* [http://www.voteworldparliament.org/ Vote World Parliament] - Democratic World Parliament through a global referendum
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100714033512/http://www.globaldemo.org/en/organisations GlobalDemo.org] - List of Global Democracy Initiatives
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080511180149/http://www.unelections.org/ UNelections.org] - Campaign for transparency, accountability and inclusiveness in elections and appointments to positions of great international importance
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050211041404/http://www.public.iastate.edu/~tonys/Held.html Philosopher Tony Smith critique of David Held]

{{World government}}
[[Category:Global politics]]
[[Category:Democracy movements]]
[[Category:Cosmopolitanism]]
[[Category:Globalization]]
[[Category:World government]]
[[Category:World democracy]]