Editing Demographics of Israel

{{Short description|none}}
{{Pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox place demographics
| place                    = Israel (including Israelis in West Bank)
| image                    = Israel 2023 Population Pyramid.svg
| caption                  = [[Population pyramid]] of Israel, 2023 (numbers by age group)
| size_of_population       = 9,842,000 (ca. [[List of countries by population|95th]])
| population_estimate_year = December 2023
| population_figure_source = [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics|Israeli CBS]]<ref name="cbs-2023-12-28">{{cite web |title=Population of Israel on the Eve of 2024 |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/DocLib/2023/424/11_23_424b.pdf |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel |access-date=31 December 2023 |language=he |date=28 December 2023}}</ref>
| density                  = 431/km{{sup|2}} ([[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by population density|6th]])
| growth                   = 1.9%
| birth                    = 21.5 births/1,000 ([[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by birth rate|101st]])
| death                    = 5.2 deaths/1,000 population ([[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by death rate|174th]])
| life                     = 82.7 years ([[List of countries by life expectancy|8th]])
| life_male                = 80.7 years
| life_female              = 84.6 years
| fertility                = 3.01 children born/woman ([[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate|59th]])
| infant_mortality         = 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births ([[List of countries by infant mortality rate|25th]])

<!-- age structure -->
| age_0-14_years     = 28%
| age_15-64_years    = 60%
| age_65_years       = 12%

<!-- sex ratio -->
| total_mf_ratio     = 1.01 males/female
| sr_at_birth        = 1.05 males/female
| sr_under_15        = 1.05 males/female
| sr_15-64_years     = 1.03 males/female
| sr_65_years_over   = 0.78 males/female

<!-- nationality -->
| nation             = [[Israelis]]
| major_ethnic       = [[Israeli Jews|Jews]] (7,208,000, 73.2%)<ref name="cbs-2023-12-28"/>
| minor_ethnic       = [[Arab citizens of Israel|Arabs]] (2,080,000, 21.1%)<br> Other (non-Jewish, non-Arab) 554,000 (5.7%)<ref name="cbs-2023-12-28" />

<!-- language -->
| official           = [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]
| spoken             = [[Palestinian Arabic|Arabic]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]]
}}

The '''demographics of Israel''', monitored by the [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]], encompass various attributes that define the nation's populace. Since [[Israeli Declaration of Independence|its establishment in 1948]], Israel has witnessed significant changes in its demographics. Formed as a [[homeland for the Jewish people]], Israel has attracted [[Aliyah|Jewish immigrants]] from Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

The [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] defines the population of Israel as including Jews living in all of the [[West Bank]] and Palestinians in [[East Jerusalem]] but excluding Palestinians anywhere in the rest of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and foreign workers anywhere in Israel. As of December 2023, this calculation stands at approximately 9,842,000 of whom: 
*73.2% (about 7,208,000 people) are [[Israeli Jews|Jews]], including about 503,000 living outside the self-defined borders of the State of Israel in the [[West Bank]]
*21.1% (around 2,080,000 people) are Israeli citizens classified as [[Arab citizens of Israel|Arab]], some identifying as [[Palestinian citizens of Israel|Palestinian]], and including [[Druze in Israel|Druze]], [[Circassians in Israel|Circassians]], all other Muslims, [[Christianity in Israel|Christian Arabs]], [[Armenians in Israel and Palestine|Armenians]] (which Israel considers "Arab")<ref name="cbs-pop-groups">{{cite web |title=Demographic characteristics - definitions and explanations (translation from Hebrerw into English) |url=https://www-cbs-gov-il.translate.goog/he/subjects/Pages/תכונות-דמוגרפיות-הגדרות%20והסברים.aspx?_x_tr_sl=iw&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=6 January 2024}}</ref>
*An additional 5.7% (roughly 554,000 people) are classified as "others". This diverse group comprises those with Jewish ancestry but not recognized as Jewish by religious law, non-Jewish family members of Jewish immigrants, Christians other than Arabs and Armenians, and residents without a distinct ethnic or religious categorization.<ref name="cbs-pop-groups"/><ref name="cbs-2023-12-28"/>

Israel's annual population growth rate stood at 2.0% in 2015, more than three times faster than the [[OECD]] average of around 0.6%.<ref name="OECD_Statistics">{{cite web |url=http://stats.oecd.org/|title=Population growth, OECD |year=2012 |publisher=OECD |access-date=17 February 2014}}</ref> With an average of three children per woman, Israel also has the highest [[fertility rate]] in the OECD by a considerable margin and much higher than the OECD average of 1.7.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oecd.org/israel/OECD-SocietyAtaGlance2014-Highlights-Israel.pdf|title=Society at a Glance 2014 Highlights: ISRAEL, OECD |year=2014 |publisher=OECD |access-date=19 April 2014}}</ref>

== Definitions ==
The definition of what constitutes the population of Israel varies depending on which territories are counted and which population groups are counted in each territory.

The [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS) definition of the '''Area of the State of Israel''':<ref name=area-of-state-of-israel-definition>{{cite web |title="Area of the State of Israel", All Terms |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/Pages/All-Terms.aspx?k=Area+of+the+State+of+Israel |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel |access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref>
*includes [[East Jerusalem]] since 1967, which Israel unilaterally annexed
*includes the [[Golan Heights]] since 1982, which Israel unilaterally annexed
*excludes the West Bank other than East Jerusalem

The CBS' definition of the '''Population of Israel''', however:<ref name=population-of-israel-definition>{{cite web |title="Population of Israel", All Terms |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/Pages/All-Terms.aspx?k=Population+of+Israel |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel |access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref>
*includes non-Israeli Palestinians (as well as Israeli Arabs/Palestinians) in East Jerusalem who have permission to live there
*includes [[Israeli settlers]] and others with Israeli residency permits living in the [[West Bank Areas in the Oslo II Accord|Area C of West Bank]]
*excludes Palestinian/Arab/other residents of Area C and East Jerusalem who do not have Israeli citizenship or residence
*excludes persons who are not registered (from 2008 on) and/or entered illegally, and foreign workers.

== Population ==
[[File:Population of Israel since 1949.svg|thumb|Israeli population growth since 1949]]
{{Historical populations
|source=<ref name="CBSPopulation2015">{{cite press release |date=31 December 2017 |title=Population of Israel on the Eve of 2018 – 8.8 Million |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/pages/default.aspx |access-date=2 January 2018 |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics}}</ref><ref name=CBS_02_01>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_01&CYear=2012 |title=Population, by Population Group |date=11 September 2012 |work=Statistical Abstract of Israel |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref><ref name="cbsmonth">{{cite web |url=http://www1.cbs.gov.il/webpub/pub/text_page_eng.html?publ=93 |title=Monthly Bulletin of Statistics for Population |date=7 August 2013 |publisher=[[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> (2019 data)<ref name="cbs_main">{{cite web |url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/cw_usr_view_Folder?ID=141 |title=Home page |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=20 February 2017}}</ref>
| percentages = pagr
|1950 |1370100
|1960 |2150400
|1970 |3022100
|1980 |3921700
|1990 |4821700
|2000 |6369300
|2010 |7695100
|2019 |9098700
|refnote=2019 estimate<ref name="cbs_main"/>
|2023|9727000}}

=== Total population ===
{{data Israel|poptoday|formatnum}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=אוכלוסייה |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/subjects/Pages/אוכלוסייה.aspx |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel}}</ref> (most current update from the Israeli Central Bureau for Statistics, via live feed)

''Note:'' includes over 200,000 Israelis and 250,000 Arabs in [[East Jerusalem]], about 421,400 Jewish settlers on the West Bank, and about 42,000 in the [[Golan Heights]] (July 2007 estimate). Does not include Arab populations in the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza Strip]]. Does not include 222,000 foreigners living in the country.<ref>[http://cbs.gov.il/reader/newhodaot/hodaa_template.html?hodaa=200914192 הודעות לעיתונות] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003072127/http://cbs.gov.il/reader/newhodaot/hodaa_template.html?hodaa=200914192 |date=3 October 2011 }}. Cbs.gov.il. Retrieved 8 September 2011.</ref>

{{sort under}}
<!--

AREA C-SPECIFIC STATS 

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OTHER AREAS THAT ISRAELI GOVERNMENT INCLUDES ON OFFICIAL MAPS

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{| class="wikitable sortable sort-under"
|+ Demographics of Israel and its Occupied Territories
|-
! rowspan="3" | Region &<br />Status
! colspan="6" | By nationality
! rowspan="3" | Total<br />Population
! rowspan="3" style="color:gray;" | <small>Year<br />Source</small>
! colspan="3" | By ethnoreligious group
! rowspan="3" | Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
! colspan="2" | Israeli citizen
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Total Israelis
! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="color:gray;" | <small>Year<br />Source</small>
! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="max-width:55px;" | Palestinian non-Israeli-<br />citizens
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Year
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Jewish
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Arab
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Other
|-
! scope="col" | Jews and<br />''Other''
! scope="col" | [[Arab citizens of Israel]]

|-
<!--

ONLY ISRAEL COUNTS AREAS BELOW, PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY DOES NOT TRACK THEM

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<!--

GREEN LINE ISRAEL WITHIN 1967 BORDERS

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| style="vertical-align:top;line-height:100%;background:aliceblue;" | [[Green Line (Israel)|Green Line]]
<p style="vertical-align:top;font-size:0.85em;line-height:100%;">De facto [[1949 Armistice Agreements|1949]]–1967 borders<ref name="Otherfigures">Figure calculated from other sourced figures in table</ref></p>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:aliceblue;" | ''6,976,761''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:aliceblue;" | ''1,689,018''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | ''8,665,779''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:aliceblue;" | <small>''2019/<br />-21/-3''<br /><ref>Derived from total CBS Population of Israel 31-Dec-2023 minus estimates for East Jerusalem Israelis and non-Israeli Palestinians, minus Golan Heights, minus 1/1/24 estimate of settlers in Area C</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | 0
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;background:aliceblue;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | ''8,660,209''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:aliceblue;" | <small>''2019/<br />-21/-3''<br /><ref name="Otherfigures" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | ''6,422,761''<br /><small>''74%''</small><!-- 7,208,000 Jews in "Population of Israel" as defined by Israeli CBS, minus 517,407 Jewish settlers in West Bank Area C including Seam Zone, minus 240,832 Jewish residents in East Jerusalem, minus 27,000 Jews in Golan Heights-->
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | ''1,689,018''<br /><small>''20%''</small><!-- CBS figure 1,734,000 "Israeli Arabs" in "Population of Israel" minus 18,982 Israeli Arabs in East Jerusalem. Do not count East Jerusalem Palestians. Minus 26,000 Israeli Arabs in Golan, almost none counted in West Bank Area C or Seam Zone except the few who live in settlements and there are no statistics for that -->
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | ''554,000''<br /><small>''6%''</small><!-- assumption that all live in Green Zone as there is no split out for those who live in East Jerusalem, West Bank Area C or Seam Zone, and there are zero reported in Golan -->
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:aliceblue;" | ''20,582''<br /><ref name="Otherfigures" />
|-
<!--

GOLAN HEIGHTS, CLAIMED ONLY BY ISRAEL, U.N. RECOGNIZES AS PART OF SYRIA

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| style="vertical-align:top;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | [[Golan Heights]]
<small>Per Israel: annexed<br />Per UN: Occupied Syrian territory<ref name="bbc_golan_profile" /><ref name="un_scr_1981" /><ref name="UN Security Council Resolution 497" /><ref>{{cite web | last=Aji | first=Albert | title=Trump acceptance of Israeli control of Golan sparks protests | publisher=Associated Press | date=26 March 2019 | url=https://apnews.com/ba302addc3e24e32b76168c5e0488b4c | access-date=29 March 2019}}</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''27,000''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''26,000''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 53,000<br /><small>''Jews 27,000<br />Druze 24,000<br />Alawite&nbsp;2,000''</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2021<br /><ref name="golan-2021">{{cite news |title='This is our moment': Israel okays major plan to boost Golan, double its population |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/this-is-our-moment-israel-okays-major-plan-to-boost-golan-double-its-population/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |work=The Times of Israel |date=26 December 2021}}</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | 0
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2021<br /><ref name="golan-2021" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | 53,000
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2021<br /><ref name="golan-2021" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | ''27,000''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | ''26,000''<!-- Israel considers Druze and Alawite "Israeli Arabs" -->
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | 1,154
|-
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EAST JERUSALEM - PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY COUNTS ALL, ISRAEL COUNTS ALL (PALESTINIANS ARE MOSTLY JORDANIAN CITIZENS WITH EAST JERUSALEM RESIDENCE)

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| style="vertical-align:top;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | [[East Jerusalem]]
<small>Per Israel: Annexed<br />Per UN: Occupied Palestinian territory<br /><ref name="bbc_golan_profile">BBC News. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/country_profiles/3393813.stm Regions and territories: The Golan Heights].</ref><ref name="un_scr_1981">United Nations. [https://www.un.org/Docs/scres/1981/scres81.htm Security Council Resolutions], 1981.</ref><ref name="UN Security Council Resolution 497">[[Council on Foreign Relations]]. [http://www.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/SC497.pdf UN Security Council Resolution 497].</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''240,832''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''~18,982''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 259,814
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2021<br /><ref name="arab-east-jerusalem-2021" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 351,570
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2021<br /><ref name="arab-east-jerusalem-2021">"Total" and "Jewish/Other" figures from {{cite web |title=III/5 Population of Jerusalem by Population Group, Religious Identification, Quarter and Sub-Quarter, 2021 in Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook |url=https://jerusaleminstitute.org.il/en/yearbook/#/4235/27506 |publisher=Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research |access-date=31 December 2023 |date=2021}}. From this number subtract 18,982 Arabs who have Israeli citizenship, viz. {{cite news |title=Just 5 Percent of E. Jerusalem Palestinians Have Received Israeli Citizenship Since 1967 |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2022-05-29/ty-article/why-so-few-palestinians-from-jerusalem-have-israeli-citizenship/00000181-0c46-d090-abe1-ed7fefc20000# |access-date=31 December 2023 |work=Haaretz |language=en}} East Jerusalem consists of Areas 2111–2911, all of Quarters 1, 4, and 16; in Quarter 5 Giv'at Shapira (French Hill), Ramat Eshkol, Giv'at Hamivtar and Ma'alot Dafna (but not Shmuel Hanavi), and in Quarter 13 East Talpiot.</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 611,384
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2021<br /><ref name="arab-east-jerusalem-2021" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''240,832''<!-- = Israeli Jews -->
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''370,552''<br /><small>''of which<br />[[Arab citizens of Israel]] ~18,982''</small><!-- = 18,982 Israeli Arabs + 351,570 Palestinian non-Israeli-citizens -->
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 336<br /><ref name="OCHA Barrier">{{cite web |url=http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_barrier_report_july_2009_english_low_res.pdf |title=Barrier Report July 2009. Calculation based on East Jerusalem area of 346km2 being 97% west of the barrier, and 9.5% of the West bank including East Jerusalem being in the Seam Zone |author=Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091013032616/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_barrier_report_july_2009_english_low_res.pdf |archive-date=13 October 2009 |author-link=Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="13" style="background:white;line-height:1%;" |
|-
| colspan="12" style="vertical-align:top;line-height:100%;" | '''''Area of the State of Israel''''' <small>as per CBS definition</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;" | '''22,072'''<!-- Green Line + Golan + E Jerusalem. CBS does not count any part of the Seam Zone or the rest of Area C as part of the Area of Israel, even though it counts Israeli Jews living there as part of the population of Israel -->
|-
| colspan="13" style="background:black;line-height:1%;" |
|-
<!--

AREA C INCLUDING SEAM ZONE (THE PART WEST OF SEPARATION BARRIER) - PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY COUNTS ALL, ISRAEL COUNTS ONLY ISRAELI SETTLERS

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| style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" | [[Area C (West Bank)|West Bank Area C]] <small>(Full Israeli control)</small> Israelis
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%; background:#eee8f6;" | 517,407
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%; background:#eee8f6;" | 0

| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 517,407
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>1/2024<br /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Katz |first1=Yaakov |title=WEST BANK Jewish Population Stats (not including eastern Jerusalem) UPDATED TO: JANUARY 1, 2024 |url=https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/om8oatf5lqncwyv9ivx62/west_bank_stats_2024.pdf?rlkey=qcvm3rcfs9t9asf0u4mm6xe86&dl=0 |website=WestBankJewishPopulationStats.com |access-date=12 February 2024 |language=en |date=1 January 2024}}</ref><ref name="settlers-area-c-latimes">{{cite news |author=Tia Goldenberg |agency=Associated Press |title=Jewish settler population in the West Bank surpasses half a million |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-02-02/israeli-settler-population-west-bank-surpasses-500000 |access-date=31 December 2023 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=2 February 2023}}</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;max-width:55px;" | <small>''not counted in population of Israel''</small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2019<br /><ref name="oxfam">{{cite web |last1=Biard |first1=Michel |title=Addressing the Needs of Palestinian Households in Area C of the West Bank - Findings of the First Comprehensive Household Survey (January 2019) - occupied Palestinian territory |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/addressing-needs-palestinian-households-area-c-west-bank |website=ReliefWeb |publisher=Oxfam |access-date=31 December 2023 |language=en |date=26 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="un-area-c-2014-pal-est">{{cite web |title=Occupied Palestinian Territory Area C of the West Bank |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/sites/default/files/ocha_opt_area_c_factsheet_August_2014_english.pdf |publisher=UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |access-date=31 December 2023 |date=August 2014}}</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | ''517,407''<!-- sum of 517,407 settlers 1/1/2024 + est. 300K Palestinians -->
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>''2019/<br />1/1/24''<br /><ref>Sum of Israeli and Palestinian estimates</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''517,407''
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;max-width:55px;" | <small>''not counted in<br />population of Israel''</small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 200<br /><ref name="OCHA Barrier" />
|-
| colspan="13" style="background:white;line-height:1%;" |
|-
<!--

CBS "POPULATION OF ISRAEL" = GREEN LINE + GOLAN HEIGHTS + ALL PEOPLE IN EAST JERUSALEM (Palestinians are mostly Jordanian citizens) + ISRAELIS/JEWS/SETTLERS ONLY IN WEST BANK AREA C

-->
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;line-height:100%;" | '''''Population of Israel''''' <small>as per CBS definition</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | 7,762,000
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | 1,734,000
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | <!--Israeli cit.-->'''9,496,000'''
|
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" |'''~351,570'''<br /><span style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;line-height:100%;"><small>''East Jerusalem<br />Palestinians''</small></span>
|
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" |<!--Total "Population of Israel" as per CBS def.-->'''9,842,000'''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;" | <small>2023<br /><ref name="cbs-2023-12-28" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''7,208,000'''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''2,080,000'''<br /><small>''[[Palestinian citizens of Israel|PCI]]*&nbsp;1,734,000<br />Non-PCI ~346,000''</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''554,000'''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" |'''25,650'''
|-
| colspan="13" style="background:black;line-height:1%;" |
|-
<!--

AREA C INCLUDING SEAM ZONE (THE PART WEST OF SEPARATION BARRIER) - PALESTINIANS ONLY, NOT COUNTED IN POPULATION OF ISRAEL

-->
| style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" | Area C Palestinians
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>''counted in row above''</small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 0
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>''counted in row above''</small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | 300,000
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;;background:#eee8f6;" | <small>2019<br /><ref name="oxfam">{{cite web |last1=Biard |first1=Michel |title=Addressing the Needs of Palestinian Households in Area C of the West Bank - Findings of the First Comprehensive Household Survey (January 2019) - occupied Palestinian territory |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/addressing-needs-palestinian-households-area-c-west-bank |website=ReliefWeb |publisher=Oxfam |access-date=31 December 2023 |language=en |date=26 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="un-area-c-2014-pal-est">{{cite web |title=Occupied Palestinian Territory Area C of the West Bank |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/sites/default/files/ocha_opt_area_c_factsheet_August_2014_english.pdf |publisher=UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |access-date=31 December 2023 |date=August 2014}}</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;background:#eee8f6;" | ''300,000''
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''300,000''
| style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#eee8f6;" |
|-
<!--

WEST BANK AREAS A AND B - ONLY PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY COUNTS - NO ISRAELI RESIDENTS

-->
| style="vertical-align:top;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | [[Palestinian enclaves|West Bank Areas A & B]]
<small>(Under Palestinian civil administration)</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#feeaec;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#feeaec;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#feeaec;" | 0
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;background:#feeaec;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | 2,464,566
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" |  <small>2023<br /><ref name="pcbs-est">Gaza Strip and West Bank (except Jerusalem) estimate for mid-2023 as per {{cite web |title=Estimated Population in the Palestine Mid-Year by Governorate,1997-2026 |url=https://pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&table_id=676 |publisher=Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Palestine |access-date=1 January 2024}} Subtract a further est. 300,000 from the West Bank number which is the est. no. of Palestinians living in Area C under full Israeli control.</ref></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | 2,464,566
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | <small>2023<br /><ref name="pcbs-est" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | ''2,464,566''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | 2,808<br /><ref name="OCHA">{{cite web |author=Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |title=Area C Humanitarian Response Plan Fact Sheet September 2010. |url=http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_area_c_humanitarian_response_plan_fact_sheet_2010_09_03_english.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011101232/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_area_c_humanitarian_response_plan_fact_sheet_2010_09_03_english.pdf |archive-date=11 October 2010 |access-date=5 October 2010}}</ref>
|-
<!--

GAZA STRIP - ONLY PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY COUNTS  - NO ISRAELI RESIDENTS AS OF FEB. 2024

-->
| style="vertical-align:top;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | [[Gaza Strip]]
<small>(Under partial Palestinian administration)</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#feeaec;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#feeaec;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;background:#feeaec;" | 0
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;background:#feeaec;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | 2,226,544
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" |  <small>mid-<br />2023<br /><ref name="pcbs-est" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | 2,226,544
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | <small>mid-<br />2023<br /><ref name="pcbs-est" /></small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | ''2,226,544''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | ''0''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;background:#feeaec;" | 365
|-
| colspan="13" style="background:white;line-height:1%;" |
|-
| colspan="5" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;line-height:100%;" | '''Israel and [[Israeli-occupied territories]]'''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;" |
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''14,833,110'''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;color:gray;line-height:100%;" | <small>Sum</small>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''7,208,000<br />48.6%'''
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''7,071,000<br />47.7%'''<br /><span style="line-height:100%;"><small>''[[Arab citizens of Israel]]:<br />1,734,00011.7%,<br />Palestinian non-citizen:<br />5,337,110 36.0%''</small></span>
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;line-height:100%;" | '''554,000<br />3.7%'''
| style="vertical-align:top;align:right;" | '''28,823'''<!-- total area-->
|-
| colspan="13" style="background:black;line-height:1%;" |
|}

=== Density ===
[[File:Israel population density 2018.png|thumb|upright|Population density per square kilometer, by [[Districts of Israel|district]], sub-district and geographical area]]
Geographic deployment, as of 2018:
* [[Central District (Israel)|Central District]]: 24.5% (2,196,100)
* [[Tel Aviv District]]: 15.9% (1,427,200)
* [[Northern District (Israel)|Northern District]]: 16.2% (1,448,100)
* [[Southern District (Israel)|Southern District]]: 14.5% (1,302,000)
* [[Haifa District]]: 11.5% (1,032,800)
* [[Jerusalem District]]: 12.6% (1,133,700)
* [[Judea and Samaria Area]] (West Bank) (Israelis only): 4.8% (427,800)

=== Population growth rate ===
* 2.0% (2016)

During the 1990s, the Jewish [[population growth rate]] was about 3% per year, as a result of massive immigration to Israel, primarily from the republics of the [[former Soviet Union]]. There is also a very high population growth rate among certain Jewish groups, especially adherents of [[Orthodox Judaism]]. The growth rate of the [[Arab citizens of Israel|Arab]] population in Israel is 2.2%, while the growth rate of the Jewish population in Israel is 1.8%. The growth rate of the Arab population has slowed from 3.8% in 1999 to 2.2% in 2013, and for the Jewish population, the growth rate declined from 2.7% to its lowest rate of 1.4% in 2005. Due to a rise in fertility of the Jewish population since 1995 and immigration, the growth rate has since risen to 1.8%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Jewish-Arab demographic about-face |date=10 November 2017 |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/Articles/Article.aspx/21243}}</ref>

=== Fertility ===
The [[total fertility rate]] (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that an average woman would have, in her lifetime.

* 3.01 children born/woman (2019)
Jewish [[total fertility rate]] increased by 10.2% during 1998–2009, and was recorded at 2.90 during 2009. During the same time period, Arab TFR decreased by 20.5%. Muslim TFR was measured at 3.73 for 2009, and 2.9 for 2022.<ref name=taub/>

In 2000, the Jewish and Arab TFRs in Jerusalem were 3.79 and 4.43 respectively. By 2009, the Jewish TFR in Jerusalem was measured higher than the Arab TFR (2010: 4.26 vs 3.85, 2009: 4.16 vs 3.87). As of 2021, the Jewish and Arab TFRs in Jerusalem were 4.4 and 3.1 respectively.<ref>[https://www.israelhayom.co.il/judaism/judaism-news/article/14078479 ירושלים של מיליון: רק שני שלישים מתושבי הבירה לוקחים חלק בכוח העבודה]</ref> TFR for Arab residents in the West Bank was measured at 2.91 in 2013,<ref>{{cite web |year=2013 |title=Total Fertility Rate |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2127.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811191145/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2127.html |archive-date=11 August 2013 |access-date=5 April 2013 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> while that for the Jewish residents was reported at 5.10 children per woman.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2012 |title=Fertility Rates, Average Age of Mother and Sex Ratio at Birth, by Selected Characteristics of the Mother |url=http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st03_14x&CYear=2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113201116/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st03_14x&CYear=2012 |archive-date=13 November 2012 |access-date=20 October 2012 |work=Statistical Abstract of Israel |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>

The ethnic group with highest recorded TFR is the Bedouin of Negev. Their TFR was reported at 10.06 in 1998, and 5.73 in 2009. TFR is also very high among Haredi Jews. For [[Ashkenazim|Ashkenazi]] Haredim, the TFR rose from 6.91 in 1980 to 8.51 in 1996. The figure for 2008 is estimated to be even higher. TFR for [[Sephardim|Sephardi]]/[[Mizrachim|Mizrahi]] Haredim rose from 4.57 in 1980 to 6.57 in 1996.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Fertility Dynamic of Israel's Ultra-Orthodox Jews and Pronatalist Governmental Policy |url=http://www.focusanthro.org/archive/2005-2006/katz0506.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327083941/http://www.focusanthro.org/archive/2005-2006/katz0506.pdf |archive-date=27 March 2009 |access-date=18 November 2007}}</ref> In 2020 the overall Jewish TFR in Israel (3.00) was for the first time measured higher than Arab Muslim TFR (2.99).

As of 2022, the fertility rates in Israeli cities dominated by specific demographic groups were: Haredi 6.1, Bedouin 4.4, Jewish non-Haredi 2.4, Arab 2.2, Druze 1.8.<ref name=taub>[https://www.taubcenter.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Demography-HEB-2023.pdf הדמוגרפיה של ישראל 2023: ירידות בפריון, בהגירה ובתמותה]</ref>

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:right;"
! Year !! Jews !! Muslims !! Christians !! Druze !! Others !! Total
|-
| 2000 || 2.66 || 4.74 || 2.55 || 3.07 || || 2.95
|-
| 2001 || 2.59 || 4.71 || 2.46 || 3.02 || || 2.89
|-
| 2002 || 2.64 || 4.58 || 2.29 || 2.77 || || 2.89
|-
| 2003 || 2.73 || 4.50 || 2.31 || 2.85 || || 2.95
|-
| 2004 || 2.71 || 4.36 || 2.13 || 2.66 || 1.47 || 2.90
|-
| 2005 || 2.69 || 4.03 || 2.15 || 2.59 || 1.49 || 2.84
|-
| 2006 || 2.75 || 3.97 || 2.14 || 2.64 || 1.55 || 2.88
|-
| 2007 || 2.80 || 3.90 || 2.13 || 2.49 || 1.49 || 2.90
|-
| 2008 || 2.88 || 3.84 || 2.11 || 2.49 || 1.57 || 2.96
|-
| 2009 || 2.90 || 3.73 || 2.15 || 2.49 || 1.56 || 2.96
|-
| 2010 || 2.97 || 3.75 || 2.14 || 2.48 || 1.64 || 3.03
|-
| 2011 || 2.98 || 3.51 || 2.19 || 2.33 || 1.75 || 3.00
|-
| 2012 || 3.04 || 3.54 || 2.17 || 2.26 || 1.68 || 3.05
|-
| 2013 || 3.05 || 3.35 || 2.13 || 2.21 || 1.68 || 3.03
|-
| 2014 || 3.11 || 3.35 || 2.27 || 2.20 || 1.72 || 3.08
|-
| 2015 || 3.13 || 3.32 || 2.12 || 2.19 || 1.72 || 3.09
|-
| 2016 || 3.16 || 3.29 || 2.05 || 2.21 || 1.64 || 3.11
|-
| 2017 || 3.16 || 3.37 || 1.93 || 2.10 || 1.58 || 3.11
|-
| 2018 || 3.17 || 3.20 || 2.06 || 2.16 || 1.54 || 3.09
|-
| 2019 || 3.09 || 3.16 || 1.80 || 2.02 || 1.45 || 3.01
|-
| 2020 || 3.00 || 2.99 || 1.85 || 1.94 || 1.35 || 2.90
|-
| 2021 || 3.13 || 3.01 || 1.77 || 2.00 || 1.39 || 3.00
|-
| 2022 || 3.03 || 2.91 || 1.68 || 1.85 || 1.26 || 2.89
|-
| 2023 || 3.01 || 2.85 || 1.65 || 1.80 || 1.20 || 2.85
|-
| 2024 || 3.00 || 2.80 || 1.63 || 1.75 || 1.15 || 2.83
|-
! Year !! Jews !! Muslims !! Christians !! Druze !! Others !! Total
|}
==== Birth rate ====
[[File:TFR rate of Israel to 2016.svg|thumb|300px|TFR of Israel to 2016]]
2021 :

* Total: 19.7 births/1,000 population
* Jews and others: 19.1 births/1,000 population
* Muslims: 23.4 births/1,000 population
* Christians: 13.3 births/1,000 population
* Druze: 15.8 births/1,000 population

'''Births, in absolute numbers, by mother's religion'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/subjects/Pages/Population.aspx}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:right;"
|+Birth rates of various Israeli peoples<ref>[https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2023/yarhon0523/c1.pdf Live Births, by Population Group and Religion of Mother (by year)]</ref>
|-
!rowspan=2| Year
!colspan=2| Jewish
!colspan=2| Muslim
!colspan=2| Christian
!colspan=2| Druze
!colspan=2| others
!rowspan=2| Total
|-
! # !! %
! # !! %
! # !! %
! # !! %
! # !! %
|-
| 1996
| 83,710 || {{percentage bar|width=50|69.0}}
| 30,802 || {{percentage bar|width=50|25.4}}
| 2,678 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.2}}
| 2,682 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.2}}
| 1,461 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.2}}
| 121,333
|-
| 2000
| 91,936 || {{percentage bar|width=50|67.4}}
| 35,740 || {{percentage bar|width=50|26.2}}
| 2,789 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.0}}
| 2,708 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.0}}
| 3,217 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.4}}
| 136,390
|-
| 2005
| 100,657 || {{percentage bar|width=50|69.9}}
| 34,217 || {{percentage bar|width=50|23.8}}
| 2,487 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.7}}
| 2,533 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.8}}
| 4,019 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.8}}
| 143,913
|-
| 2006
| 104,513 || {{percentage bar|width=50|70.5}}
| 34,337 || {{percentage bar|width=50|23.2}}
| 2,500 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.7}}
| 2,601 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.8}}
| 4,219 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.9}}
| 148,170
|-
| 2007
| 107,986 || {{percentage bar|width=50|71.2}}
| 34,572 || {{percentage bar|width=50|22.8}}
| 2,521 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.7}}
| 2,510 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.7}}
| 4,090 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.7}}
| 151,679
|-
| 2008
| 112,803 || {{percentage bar|width=50|71.9}}
| 34,860 || {{percentage bar|width=50|22.2}}
| 2,511 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.6}}
| 2,534 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.6}}
| 4,215 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.7}}
| 156,923
|-
| 2009
| 116,599 || {{percentage bar|width=50|72.4}}
| 35,253 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.9}}
| 2,514 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.6}}
| 2,517 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.6}}
| 4,159 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.6}}
| 161,042
|-
| 2010
| 120,673 || {{percentage bar|width=50|72.58}}
| 36,221 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.79}}
| 2,511 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.51}}
| 2,535 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.52}}
| 4,306 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.59}}
| 166,255
|-
| 2011
| 121,520 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.07}}
| 35,247 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.19}}
| 2,596 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.56}}
| 2,469 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.48}}
| 4,457 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.68}}
| 166,296
|-
| 2012
| 125,409 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.36}}
| 36,041 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.08}}
| 2,610 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.53}}
| 2,371 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.39}}
| 4,492 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.63}}
| 170,940
|-
| 2013
| 126,999 || {{percentage bar|width=50|74.07}}
| 34,927 || {{percentage bar|width=50|20.37}}
| 2,602 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.52}}
| 2,350 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.37}}
| 4,561 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.66}}
| 171,444
|-
| 2014
| 130,576 || {{percentage bar|width=50|74.01}}
| 35,965 || {{percentage bar|width=50|20.38}}
| 2,814 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.59}}
| 2,366 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.34}}
| 4,697 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.66}}
| 176,427
|-
| 2015
| 132,220 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.98}}
| 36,659 || {{percentage bar|width=50|20.51}}
| 2,669 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.49}}
| 2,376 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.33}}
| 4,792 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.68}}
| 178,723
|-
| 2016
| 134,100 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.92}}
| 37,592 || {{percentage bar|width=50|20.72}}
| 2,613 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.44}}
| 2,446 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.35}}
| 4,652 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.56}}
| 181,405
|-
| 2017
| 134,630 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.31}}
| 39,550 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.53}}
| 2,504 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.36}}
| 2,350 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.28}}
| 4,609 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.51}}
| 183,648
|-
| 2018
| 135,809 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.66}}
| 38,757 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.02}}
| 2,721 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.47}}
| 2,434 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.32}}
| 4,639 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.52}}
| 184,370
|-
| 2019
| 133,243 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.20}}
| 39,525 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.71}}
| 2,409 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.32}}
| 2,298 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.26}}
| 4,532 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.49}}
| 182,016
|-
| 2020
| 129,884 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.25}}
| 38,388 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.65}}
| 2,497 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.41}}
| 2,239 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.26}}
| 4,290 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.42}}
| 177,307
|-
| 2021
| 136,120 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.56}}
| 39,703 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.46}}
| 2,434 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.32}}
| 2,339 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.26}}
| 4,432 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.39}}
| 185,040
|-
| 2022
| 132,753 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.27}}
| 39,685 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.90}}
| 2,343 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.29}}
| 2,186 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.21}}
| 4,219 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.33}}
| 181,193
|-
| 2023
| 131,143 || {{percentage bar|width=50|73.38}}
| 39,303 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.99}}
| 2,193 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.23}}
| 2,088 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.17}}
| 3,997 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.24}}
| 178,724
|-
| 2024
| 134,408 || {{percentage bar|width=50|74.01}}
| 39,372 || {{percentage bar|width=50|21.68}}
| 2,116 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.17}}
| 1,994 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.10}}
| 3,719 || {{percentage bar|width=50|2.05}}
| 181,609
|}

{| {{table}}
|+ Births by mother's religion in January{{endash}}February
!rowspan=2|
!colspan=2| Jewish
!colspan=2| Muslim
!colspan=2| Christian
!colspan=2| Druze
!colspan=2| others
!rowspan=2| total
|-
! # !! %
! # !! %
! # !! %
! # !! %
! # !! %
|-
! 2024
| 22,587 || {{percentage bar|width=50|75.57}}
| 6,073 || {{percentage bar|width=50|20.32}}
| 347 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.16}}
| 286 || {{percentage bar|width=50|0.96}}
| 596 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.99}}
| 29,889 
|-
! 2025
| 22,164 || {{percentage bar|width=50|76.20}}
| 5,756 || {{percentage bar|width=50|19.79}}
| 307 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.06}}
| 321 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.10}}
| 540 || {{percentage bar|width=50|1.86}}
| 29,088
|}

Between the mid-1980s and 2000, the [[fertility rate]] in the Muslim sector was stable at 4.6–4.7 children per woman; after 2001, a gradual decline became evident, reaching 3.51 children per woman in 2011. By point of comparison, in 2011, there was a rising fertility rate of 2.98 children among the Jewish population.

=== Life expectancy ===
[[File:Life expectancy development in Israel.svg|thumb|300px|Life expectancy in Israel since 1950]]
[[File:Life expectancy by WBG -Israel -diff.png|thumb|300px|Life expectancy in Israel since 1961 by gender]]
As of 2019:
* Total population: 82.8 years
* Male: 81 years
* Female: 84.7 years<ref>{{Cite web |title=Life expectancy at birth, total (years) {{!}} Data |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?locations=IL&year_high_desc=true |access-date=26 August 2018 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Average [[life expectancy]] at age 0 of the total population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations |url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919061238/https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ |archive-date=19 September 2016 |access-date=26 August 2018 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref>
!Period
!Life expectancy
!Period
!Life expectancy
|-
|1950–1955
|68.9
|1985–1990
|75.9
|-
|1955–1960
|70.0
|1990–1995
|77.2
|-
|1960–1965
|71.0
|1995–2000
|78.3
|-
|1965–1970
|71.8
|2000–2005
|79.6
|-
|1970–1975
|72.6
|2005–2010
|80.9
|-
|1975–1980
|73.5
|2010–2015
|81.9
|-
|1980–1985
|74.6
|
|
|}

==== Infant mortality rate ====
* Total: 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births
* Male: 4.20 deaths/1,000 live births
* Female: 3.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

=== Age structure ===

The table shows population estimates by sex and age group, as of July 1, 2019. It includes data for East Jerusalem and Israeli residents in certain other territories under occupation by Israeli military forces since June 1967. Data refer to Israeli citizens and permanent residents who are listed in the Population Register.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/ | title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| Total
| 4,494,051
| 4,559,975 
| 9,054,026
| {{percentage bar|100}}
|-
| 0–4
| 469 807
| 444 266
| 914 073
| {{percentage bar|10.10}}
|-
| 5–9
| 441 977 
| 419 861
| 861 838
| {{percentage bar|9.52}}
|-
| 10–14
| 396 165
| 376 914
| 773 079
| {{percentage bar|8.54}}
|-
| 15–19
| 365 754
| 349 118
| 714 872
| {{percentage bar|7.90}}
|-
| 20–24
| 331 474
| 319 040
| 650 514
| {{percentage bar|7.18}}
|-
| 25–29
| 312 165
| 304 844
| 617 009
| {{percentage bar|6.81}}
|-
| 30–34
| 299 747
| 298 768
| 598 515
| {{percentage bar|6.61}}
|-
| 35–39
| 289 123
| 292 026
| 581 149
| {{percentage bar|6.42}}
|-
| 40–44
| 277 424
| 282 277
| 559 701
| {{percentage bar|6.18}}
|-
| 45–49
| 251 526
| 257 539 
| 509 065
| {{percentage bar|5.62 }}
|-
| 50–54
| 210 803
| 217 399
| 428 202
| {{percentage bar|4.73}}
|-
| 55–59
| 191 364
| 204 826
| 396 191
| {{percentage bar|4.38}}
|-
| 60–64
| 178 062 
| 196 878
| 374 940
| {{percentage bar|4.14}}
|-
| 65–69
| 166 374
| 188 225
| 354 598
| {{percentage bar|3.92}}
|-
| 70–74
| 131 622
| 154 117
| 285 739
| {{percentage bar|3.16}}
|-
| 75–79
| 73 046
| 91 752
| 164 798
| {{percentage bar|1.82}}
|-
| 80–84
| 58 830
| 81 606
| 140 436
| {{percentage bar|1.55}}
|-
| 85–89
| 31 038
| 48 194
| 79 233
| {{percentage bar|0.88}}
|-
| 90–94
| 12 882
| 23 779
| 36 661
| {{percentage bar|0.40}}
|-
| 95–99
| 3 434
| 6 783
| 10 216
| {{percentage bar|0.11}}
|-
| 100+
| 1 432
| 1 765
| 3 197
| {{percentage bar|0.04}}
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| 0–14
| 1,307,949
| 1,241,041
| 2,548,990
| {{percentage bar|28.15}}
|-
| 15–64
| 2,707,444
| 2,722,713
| 5,430,157
| {{percentage bar|59.98}}
|-
| 65+
| 478 658
| 596 221
| 1,074,879
| {{percentage bar|11.87}}
|}

{| {{table}}
|+Population by Age Group (2010 est.)
|-
! Group
! 0–14 years
! 15–64 years
! 65+ years
|-
| Total
| {{percentage bar|28.0}}
| {{percentage bar|62.1}}
| {{percentage bar|9.9}}
|-
| Jews
| {{percentage bar|25.5}}
| {{percentage bar|63.1}}
| {{percentage bar|11.4}}
|-
| [[Arab citizens of Israel|Arabs]]
| {{percentage bar|37.5}}
| {{percentage bar|58.6}}
| {{percentage bar|3.9}}
|}

==== Median age ====
{| class=wikitable
! style="text-align:center;" | Overall
! style="text-align:center;" | Jewish
! style="text-align:center;" | Arabs
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 29.7 
| style="text-align:center;" | 31.6
| style="text-align:center;" | 21.1 
|}

The Jewish median age in Jerusalem district and the West Bank are 24.9 and 19.7, respectively, and both account for 16% of the Jewish population, but 24% of 0- to 4-year-olds. The lowest median age in Israel, and one of the lowest in the world, is found in two of the West Bank's biggest Jewish cities: [[Modi'in Illit]] (11), [[Beitar Illit]] (11)<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2011 |script-title=he:גילו גיל גיל גיל |url=http://jiis-jerusalem.blogspot.com/2011/05/blog-post.html |access-date=5 April 2013 |publisher=Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies |language=he}}</ref> followed by Bedouin towns in the Negev (15.2).<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2012 |title=Population, by Population Group, Religion, Age and Sex, District and Sub-District |url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_10x&CYear=2012 |access-date=5 April 2013 |work=Statistical Abstract of Israel |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>

=== Cities ===
{{Main|List of cities in Israel}}
Within [[Local government in Israel|Israel's system of local government]], an urban municipality can be granted a [[City council (Israel)|city council]] by the [[Israeli Ministry of Interior|Israeli Interior Ministry]] when its population exceeds 20,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Branches%20of%20Government/Executive/Israeli%20Democracy%20-%20How%20does%20it%20work#local |title=Structure of Local Government |access-date=11 April 2008 |publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref> The term "city" does not generally refer to [[Local council (Israel)|local councils]] or [[urban agglomeration]]s, even though a defined city often contains only a small portion of an urban area or [[metropolitan area]]'s population.
{{Largest cities of Israel}}

== Ethnic and religious groups ==
{{Further|Israelis|Religion in Israel}}
{{see also|Doms in Israel}}

=== Statistics ===
[[File:Demographic map of Palestine - Israel - with Legend.png|right|250px|thumb|Ethnic map of Israel and Palestine, with the Golan Heights]]
[[File:Population pyramid of Israel by ethnic group in 2021.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of Israel by ethnic group in 2021]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+Population demography (2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=ישראל במספרים ערב ראש השנה תשפ |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/Pages/2023/%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91-%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9-%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94-%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%93-%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D-2023.aspx |access-date=2023-09-24 |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel |language=he-IL}}</ref>
! style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan = 2 | Group
! style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan = 2 | Population
! style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan = 2 | Proportion of total
! style="vertical-align:top;" colspan = 5 | Areas included
|-
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Green<br/>Line<br/>Israel
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Golan<br/>Heights
! style="vertical-align:top;" | East<br/>Jerusalem
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Rest of<br/>West<br/>Bank
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Gaza<br/>Strip
|-
| [[Israeli Jews|Jews]] 
| 7,181,000
| {{percentage bar|width=100%|73}}
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | n/a
|-
| [[Israeli Arabs|Arabs]] 
| 2,065,000
| {{percentage bar|width=100%|21}}
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | no
| style="text-align:center;" | no
|-
| [[Israelis#Other citizens|Other]]
| 549,000
| {{percentage bar|width=100%|6}}
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | yes
| style="text-align:center;" | n/a
| style="text-align:center;" | n/a
|-
| '''Total'''
| '''9,795,000'''
| {{percentage bar|width=100%|100}}
| style="text-align:center;" | '''all'''
| style="text-align:center;" | '''all'''
| style="text-align:center;" | '''all'''
| style="text-align:center;" | '''Jews only'''
| style="text-align:center;" | '''no'''
|}

{{static row numbers}}
{| class="static-row-numbers sortable wikitable"
|+ Population of Arabs and Jews and Others, by natural region (2018)<br>including Jews only in the occupied West Bank<ref>{{Cite web |title=State of Israel – 70 Years of Statistics, Historical Statistical Atlas 1948–2018 |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/publications/Pages/2021/atlas-2018-e.aspx |access-date=2 November 2022 |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel |language=en-US}}, About the Atlas, Atlas Data, Chapter 3: Israel in the 70th Year of Independence (2018), Figures 3.13 and 3.14</ref>
! rowspan=2| Natural region
! data-sort-type=number rowspan=2 | Total population
! data-sort-type=number colspan=2 | Jews and Others
! data-sort-type=number colspan=2 | Arabs
|-
! # !! %
! # !! %
|-
| [[Judean Mountains (natural region)|Judean Mountains]]
| 991,503
| 629,659 || {{percentage bar|63.5}}
| 361,844 || {{percentage bar|36.5}}
|-
| [[Judean Foothills]]
| 142,152
| 141,704 || {{percentage bar|99.7}}
| 448 || {{percentage bar|0.3}}
|-
| [[Hula Valley (natural region)|Hula Valley]]
| 41,076
| 40,173 || {{percentage bar|97.8}}
| 903 || {{percentage bar|2.2}}
|-
| [[Eastern Upper Galilee]]
| 54,327
| 48,364 || {{percentage bar|89}}
| 5,963 || {{percentage bar|11}}
|-
| [[Hazor Region]]
| 24,097
| 17,362 || {{percentage bar|72.1}}
| 6,735 || {{percentage bar|27.9}}
|-
| [[Central Lower Galilee]]
| 1,716
| 1,715 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 1 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Kinerot]]
| 61,247
| 58,783 || {{percentage bar|96}}
| 2,464 || {{percentage bar|4}}
|-
| [[Eastern Lower Galilee]]
| 51,660
| 19,600 || {{percentage bar|37.9}}
| 32,060 || {{percentage bar|62.1}}
|-
| [[Bet She'an Valley (natural region)|Bet She'an Valley]]
| 31,641
| 31,467 || {{percentage bar|99.4}}
| 174 || {{percentage bar|0.5}}
|-
| [[Harod Valley (natural region)|Harod Valley]]
| 11,741
| 9,835 || {{percentage bar|83.8}}
| 1,906 || {{percentage bar|16.2}}
|-
| [[Kokhav Plateau]]
| 13,765
| 3,511 || {{percentage bar|25.5}}
| 10,254 || {{percentage bar|74.5}}
|-
| [[Yizre'el Valley]]
| 83,632
| 75,771 || {{percentage bar|90.6}}
| 7,861 || {{percentage bar|9.4}}
|-
| [[Yoqne'am Region]]
| 36,964
| 36,936 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 28 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Menashe Plateau]]
| 5,998
| 5,994 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 4 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Nazareth-Tir'an Mountains]]
| 336,405
| 75,033 || {{percentage bar|22.3}}
| 261,372 || {{percentage bar|77.7}}
|-
| [[Shefar'am Region]]
| 221,921
| 12,247 || {{percentage bar|5.5}}
| 209,674 || {{percentage bar|94.5}}
|-
| [[Karmi'el Region]]
| 119,002
| 50,840 || {{percentage bar|42.7}}
| 68,162 || {{percentage bar|57.3}}
|-
| [[Yehi'am Region]]
| 101,383
| 34,352 || {{percentage bar|33.9}}
| 67,031 || {{percentage bar|66.1}}
|-
| [[Elon Region]]
| 20,616
| 9,357 || {{percentage bar|45.4}}
| 11,259 || {{percentage bar|54.6}}
|-
| [[Nahariyya Region]]
| 104,177
| 74,904 || {{percentage bar|71.9}}
| 29,273 || {{percentage bar|28.1}}
|-
| [[Akko Region]]
| 76,186
| 39,736 || {{percentage bar|52.2}}
| 36,450 || {{percentage bar|47.8}}
|-
| [[Hermon Region]]
| 13,239
| 131 || {{percentage bar|1}}
| 13,108 || {{percentage bar|99}}
|-
| [[Northern Golan]]
| 16,520
| 3,735 || {{percentage bar|22.6}}
| 12,785 || {{percentage bar|77.4}}
|-
| [[Middle Golan]]
| 11,167
| 11,089 || {{percentage bar|99.3}}
| 78 || {{percentage bar|0.7}}
|-
| [[Southern Golan]]
| 9,636
| 9,627 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 9 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Haifa Region]]
| 583,443
| 516,228 || {{percentage bar|88.5}}
| 67,215 || {{percentage bar|11.5}}
|-
| [[Karmel Coast]]
| 32,356
| 19,061 || {{percentage bar|58.9}}
| 13,295 || {{percentage bar|41.1}}
|-
| [[Zikhron Ya'aqov Region]]
| 28,488
| 28,071 || {{percentage bar|98.5}}
| 417 || {{percentage bar|1.5}}
|-
| Alexander Mountain
| 139,820
| 13,163 || {{percentage bar|9.4}}
| 126,657 || {{percentage bar|90.6}}
|-
| [[Hadera Region]]
| 248,666
| 191,627 || {{percentage bar|77.1}}
| 57,039 || {{percentage bar|22.9}}
|-
| [[Western Sharon]]
| 362,045
| 360,729 || {{percentage bar|99.6}}
| 1,316 || {{percentage bar|0.4}}
|-
| [[Eastern Sharon]]
| 115,401
| 16,552 || {{percentage bar|14.3}}
| 98,849 || {{percentage bar|85.7}}
|-
| [[Southern Sharon]]
| 283,513
| 273,306 || {{percentage bar|96.4}}
| 10,207 || {{percentage bar|3.6}}
|-
| [[Petah Tikva Region]]
| 470,779
| 443,527 || {{percentage bar|94.2}}
| 27,252 || {{percentage bar|5.8}}
|-
| [[Modi'in Region]]
| 102,151
| 102,124 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| 27 || {{percentage bar|0}}
|-
| [[Ramla Region]]
| 249,540
| 208,404 || {{percentage bar|83.5}}
| 41,136 || {{percentage bar|16.5}}
|-
| [[Rehovot Region]]
| 304,397
| 303,638 || {{percentage bar|99.8}}
| 759 || {{percentage bar|0.2}}
|-
| [[Rishon LeZiyyon Region]]
| 308,234
| 307,989 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 245 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Tel Aviv Region]]
| 595,797
| 575,204 || {{percentage bar|96.5}}
| 20,593 || {{percentage bar|3.5}}
|-
| [[Ramat Gan Region]]
| 495,084
| 494,432 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 652 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Holon Region]]
| 336,286
| 335,175 || {{percentage bar|99.7}}
| 1,111 || {{percentage bar|0.3}}
|-
| [[Mal'akhi Region]]
| 62,064
| 61,800 || {{percentage bar|99.6}}
| 264 || {{percentage bar|0.4}}
|-
| [[Lakhish Region]]
| 71,416
| 71,345 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 71 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Ashdod Region]]
| 224,629
| 224,328 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 301 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Ashqelon Region]]
| 193,136
| 192,594 || {{percentage bar|99.7}}
| 542 || {{percentage bar|0.3}}
|-
| [[Gerar Region]]
| 56,110
| 56,065 || {{percentage bar|99.9}}
| 45 || {{percentage bar|0.1}}
|-
| [[Besor Region]]
| 52,014
| 51,737 || {{percentage bar|99.5}}
| 277 || {{percentage bar|0.5}}
|-
| [[Be'er Sheva Region]]
| 518,798
| 258,777 || {{percentage bar|49.9}}
| 260,021 || {{percentage bar|50.1}}
|-
| [[Dead Sea Region]]
| 1,283
| 1,254 || {{percentage bar|97.7}}
| 29 || {{percentage bar|2.3}}
|-
| [[Arava Region]]
| 58,916
| 56,543 || {{percentage bar|96}}
| 2,373 || {{percentage bar|4}}
|-
| [[Northern Negev Mountain]]
| 62,673
| 55,710 || {{percentage bar|88.9}}
| 6,963 || {{percentage bar|11.1}}
|-
| [[Southern Negev Mountain]]
| 937
| 920 || {{percentage bar|98.1}}
| 17 || {{percentage bar|1.8}}
|-
| [[Judea and Samaria Area]] (non-Israeli Arabs not included)
| 427,847
| 426,925 || {{percentage bar|99.8}}
| 922 || {{percentage bar|0.2}}
|}

The most prominent [[Ethnic group|ethnic]] and [[Religious denomination|religious groups]] that live in Israel at present and that are Israeli citizens or nationals are as follows:

=== Jews ===
{{Main|Israeli Jews|Gerim}}

According to [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics|Israel's Central Bureau of Statistics]], in 2008, of Israel's 7.3&nbsp;million people, 75.6 percent were Jews of any background.<ref name="CBS_month_pop">{{cite web|url=http://www1.cbs.gov.il/publications13/yarhon0413/pdf/b1.pdf |title=Population, by Population Group |date=31 December 2013 |work=Monthly Bulletin of Statistics |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=17 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203172044/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/publications13/yarhon0413/pdf/b1.pdf |archive-date=3 February 2014 }}</ref> Among them, 70.3 percent were [[Sabra (person)|Sabras]] (born in Israel), mostly second- or third-generation Israelis, and the rest are [[Aliyah|olim]] (Jewish immigrants to Israel)—20.5 percent from Europe and the Americas, and 9.2 percent from Asia and Africa, including the [[Arab world|Arab countries]].<ref name="CBS_2008_jews_origin">{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/DocLib/2009/2.Shnaton%20Population/st02_24x.pdf|title=Table 2.24 – Jews, by country of origin and age |access-date=11 March 2019}}</ref>

According to [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics|Israel's Central Bureau of Statistics]], in April 2023, of Israel's 9.7 million people, 73.5 percent, or 7.145 million, were Jews of any background.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Israel's Independence Day 2023 |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/mediarelease/Pages/2023/Israel-Independence-Day-2023.aspx |access-date=2023-07-19 |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel |language=en-US}}</ref>

There are no government statistics categorizing Israeli Jews as "Ashkenazi", "Mizrahi", etc, but studies and estimates have been conducted.<ref>{{Cite news |title=When It Comes to Education, Israel's Ashkenazi-Mizrahi Divide Is Still Growing |language=en |work=Haaretz |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2021-06-11/ty-article/.premium/when-it-comes-to-education-israels-ashkenazi-mizrahi-divide-is-still-growing/0000017f-f4cd-ddde-abff-fced39a60000 |access-date=2023-07-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Maldonado |first=Pablo Jairo Tutillo |date=2018-03-27 |title=How Iraqi Jews are reclaiming their cultural legacy in Israel |url=https://jewishstudies.washington.edu/global-judaism/iraqi-jews-music-mizrahi-reclaiming-heritage-israel/ |access-date=2023-07-14 |publisher=UW Stroum Center for Jewish Studies |language=en-US}}</ref> In a 2019 study, in a sample meant to be representative of the Israeli Jewish population, about 44.9% percent of Israel's Jewish population were categorized as [[Mizrahi Jews|Mizrahi]] (defined as having grandparents born in North Africa or Asia), 31.8% were categorized as [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazi]] (defined as having grandparents born in Europe, the Americas, Oceania and South Africa), 12.4% as "[[1990s post-Soviet aliyah|Soviet]]" (defined as having progenitors who came from the ex-USSR in 1989 or later), about 3% as [[Beta Israel]] (Ethiopia) and 7.9% as a mix of these, or other Jewish groups.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lewin-Epstein|first1=Noah|last2=Cohen|first2=Yinon|date=18 August 2019|title=Ethnic origin and identity in the Jewish population of Israel|journal=Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies|volume=45|issue=11|pages=2118–2137|doi=10.1080/1369183X.2018.1492370|s2cid=149653977|issn=1369-183X}}</ref> Note that this methodology isn't exact: See, for example, [[Bulgarian Jews in Israel|Bulgarian]] or [[Greek Jews]], who would be categorized as Ashkenazi according to this definition, although they are overwhelmingly Sephardic.

The paternal lineage of the Jewish population of Israel as of 2015 is as follows:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Recent ''paternal'' ancestral background of Israeli Jews
! rowspan=2 | Countries of Origin
! colspan=3 | Population
! colspan=3 | Percentage
|-
! Share
! 2015<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/DocLib/2016/2.ShnatonPopulation/st02_08x.pdf|title=Table 2.8 – Jews, by country of origin and age|access-date=11 March 2019|publisher=[[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
! 2008<ref name="CBS_2008_jews_origin" />
! Share
! 2015
! 2008
|-style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#CEE0F2;"
|Total
| {{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|6,276,800
|align=right|5,523,700
|{{center|-}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|100}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|100}}
|-style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#E6F2FF;"
|From Israel by paternal country of origin:
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|2,765,500
|align=right|2,043,800
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|44.06}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|37}}
|-style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#E6F2FF;"
|From Europe by own or paternal country of origin:
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|1,648,000
|align=right|1,662,800
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|26.26}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|30.1}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Russia|Russia]] and [[History of the Jews in the Soviet Union|former USSR]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|891,700
|align=right|923,600
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|14.21}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|16.83}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Romania|Romania]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|199,400
|align=right|213,100
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|3.18}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|3.86}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Poland|Poland]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|185,400
|align=right|198,500
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.95}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|3.59}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in France|France]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|87,500
|align=right|63,200
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.39}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.14}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Germany|Germany]] and [[History of the Jews in Austria|Austria]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|70,800
|align=right|49,700
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.13}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.9}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Hungary|Hungary]], [[History of the Jews in the Czech Republic|Czech Republic]], and [[History of the Jews in Slovakia|Slovakia]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|59,800
|align=right|64,900
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.95}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.17}}
|-
|[[British Jews|United Kingdom]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|46,000
|align=right|39,800
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.73}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.72}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Bulgaria|Bulgaria]] and [[History of the Jews in Greece|Greece]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|45,500
|align=right|48,900
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.72}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.89}}
|-
|Other [[History of the Jews in Europe|European]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|61,900
|align=right|61,100
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.99}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.11}}
|-style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#E6F2FF;"
| From Africa by own or paternal country of origin:
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|897,300
|align=right|859,100
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|14.3}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|15.53}}
|-
|[[Moroccan Jews|Morocco]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|484,500
|align=right|486,600
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|7.72}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|8.81}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Algeria|Algeria]] and [[History of the Jews in Tunisia|Tunisia]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|133,500
|align=right|120,600
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.13}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.18}}
|-
|[[Beta Israel|Ethiopia]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|133,200
|align=right|106,900
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.12}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.94}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Libya|Libya]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|66,800
|align=right|67,400
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.06}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.22}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Egypt|Egypt]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|54,600
|align=right|55,800
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.87}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.01}}
|-
|Other [[History of the Jews in Africa|African]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|24,700
|align=right|17,200
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.39}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.31}}
|-style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#E6F2FF;"
| From Asia by own or paternal country of origin:
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|674,500
|align=right|681,400
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|10.75}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|12.33}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Iraq|Iraq]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|225,800
|align=right|233,500
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|3.6}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|4.23}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Iran|Iran]] ([[Persian Jews|Persia]])
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|140,100
|align=right|134,700
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.23}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.44}}
|-
|[[Yemenite Jews|Yemen]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|134,100
|align=right|138,300
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.14}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.5}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Turkey|Turkey]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|74,600 
|align=right|76,900
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.19}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.39}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in India|India]] and [[History of the Jews in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|47,600
|align=right|45,600
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.76}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.83}}
|-
|[[Syrian Jews|Syria]] and [[History of the Jews in Lebanon|Lebanon]]
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|align=right|34,500
|align=right|35,300
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.55}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.64}}
|-
|Other Asian
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|18,000
|align=right|17,200
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.29}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.31}}
|-style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#E6F2FF;"
|From the Americas and Oceania by own or paternal country of origin:
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|291,500
|align=right|249,800
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|4.64}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|4.52}}
|-
|[[American Jews|United States]], [[History of the Jews in Canada|Canada]], [[Australian Jews|Australia]], and [[History of the Jews in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|181,000
|align=right|149,200
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.88}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|2.7}}
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Argentina|Argentina]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|62,600
|align=right|59,400
|{{center|{{decrease}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|1.08}}
|-
|Other [[History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean|Latin American]]
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|align=right|47,900
|align=right|41,200
|{{center|{{increase}}}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.76}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|0.75}}
|}

=== Arabs ===
{{Main|Arab citizens of Israel}}
[[File:Arabs Israel 2018.png|thumb|Arabs in Israel, by natural region, 2018]]
Arab citizens of Israel are those Arab residents of Mandatory Palestine that remained within Israel's borders following the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]] and the [[establishment of the State of Israel]]. It is including those born within the state borders subsequent to this time, as well as those who had left during the establishment of the state (or their descendants), who have since re-entered by means accepted as lawful residence by the Israeli state (primarily family reunifications).

In 2019, the official number of Arab residents in Israel was 1,890,000 people, representing 21% of Israel's population.<ref name="population_stat2019">{{cite report |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/DocLib/2019/134/11_19_134b.pdf |title=Israel's Independence Day 2019 |date=6 May 2019 |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=7 May 2019}}</ref> This figure includes 209,000 Arabs (14% of the Israeli Arab population) in East Jerusalem, also counted in the Palestinian statistics, although 98 percent of East Jerusalem Palestinians have either Israeli residency or Israeli citizenship.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/hodaot2007n/11_07_084b.doc |title=Selected Statistics on Jerusalem Day 2007 (Hebrew) |date=14 May 2007 |publisher=[[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=8 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071128143317/http://www.cbs.gov.il/hodaot2007n/11_07_084b.doc |archive-date=28 November 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

'''Arab Muslims'''

Most Arab citizens of Israel are Muslim, particularly of the [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] branch of Islam. A small minority are [[Ahmadiyya in Israel|Ahmadiyya]] sect and there are also some [[Alawites]] (affiliated with Shia Islam) in the northernmost village of [[Ghajar]] with Israeli citizenship. As of 2019, Arab citizens of Israel composed 21 percent of the country's total population.<ref name="population_stat2019" /> About 82 percent of the Arab population in Israel are Sunni Muslims, a very small minority are Shia Muslims, another 9 percent are [[Druze in Israel|Druze]], and around 9 percent are Christian (mostly [[Eastern Orthodox]] and Catholic denominations).

'''Bedouin'''{{Main|Israeli Bedouin}}
The Arab Muslim citizens of Israel include also the Bedouins, who are divided into two main groups: the Bedouin in the north of Israel, who live in villages and towns for the most part, and the Bedouin in the [[Negev]], who include half-nomadic and inhabitants of towns and [[Unrecognized Bedouin villages in Israel|Unrecognized villages]]. According to the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)|Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs]], as of 1999, 110,000 [[Bedouin]]s live in the Negev, 50,000 in the Galilee and 10,000 in the central region of Israel.<ref name="Bedouin Demographics">{{cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/1990_1999/1999/7/The+Bedouin+in+Israel.htm |title=The Bedouin in Israel |last=Ben-David |first=Yosef |date=1 July 1999 |publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref> The vast majority of Arab Bedouins of Israel practice Sunni Islam.

'''Ahmadiyya'''

The [[Ahmadiyya in Israel|Ahmadiyya community]] was first established in the region in the 1920s, in what was then [[Mandatory Palestine]]. There is a large community in [[Kababir]], a neighborhood on [[Mount Carmel]] in [[Haifa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haifatrail.com/haifa-trail-segment14-eng.htm#./images/sect-14/Haifa-Trail-Sect14-P1610817.jpg |title=Kababir and Central Carmel – Multiculturalism on the Carmel |access-date=17 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visit-haifa.org/eng/Kababir |title=Visit Haifa |access-date=17 February 2015}}</ref> It is unknown how many Israeli Ahmadis there are, although it is estimated there are about 2,200 Ahmadis in Kababir alone.<ref name="israelandyou">{{cite web|url=http://www.israelandyou.com/kababir/ |title=Kababir |publisher=Israel and You |access-date=17 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130170337/http://www.israelandyou.com/kababir/ |archive-date=30 January 2015 |date=3 January 2015 }}</ref>

'''Arab Christians'''

As of December 2013, about 161,000 Israeli citizens practiced Christianity, together comprising about 2% of the total population.<ref name="MFA2014">{{cite web|url=http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/AboutIsrael/Spotlight/Pages/The-Christian-communities-in-Israel-May-2014.aspx |title=The Christian communities in Israel |publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs |date=1 May 2014 |access-date=3 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017004653/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/AboutIsrael/Spotlight/Pages/The-Christian-communities-in-Israel-May-2014.aspx |archive-date=17 October 2015 }}</ref> The largest group consists of [[Melkite]]s (about 60% of Israel's Christians), followed by the Greek Orthodox (about 30%), with the remaining ca. 10% spread between the Roman Catholic (Latin), Maronite, Anglican, Lutheran, Armenian, Syriac, Ethiopian, Coptic and other denominations.<ref name="MFA2014" />

'''Druze'''{{Main|Druze in Israel}}
The Arab citizens of Israel include also the [[Druze]], who numbered at an estimated 143,000 in April 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/Pages/2019/האוכלוסייה-הדרוזית-בישראל-לקט-נתונים-לרגל-חג-הנביא-שועייב.aspx|title=האוכלוסייה הדרוזית בישראל – לקט נתונים לרגל חג הנביא שועייב (The Druze population in Israel – a collection of data on the occasion of the Prophet Shuaib holiday)|date=17 April 2019|publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel|language=he-IL|access-date=8 May 2019}}</ref> All of the [[Druze]] living in what was then [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate Palestine]] became Israeli citizens after the declaration of the State of Israel. Druze serve prominently in the [[Israel Defense Forces]], and are represented in mainstream Israeli politics and business as well, unlike Muslim or Christian Arabs who are not required to and generally choose not to serve in the Israeli army. Though a few individuals identify themselves as "Palestinian Druze",<ref>{{cite news |title=Balad's MK-to-be: 'Anti-Israelization' conscientious objector |first1=Jack |last1=Khoury |first2=Yoav |last2=Stern |url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/balad-s-mk-to-be-anti-israelization-conscientious-objector-1.219514 |newspaper=Haaretz |date=2 May 2007 |access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> the vast majority of Druze do not consider themselves to be 'Palestinian', and consider their Israeli identity stronger than their [[Arab identity]]. A 2017 [[Pew Research Center]] poll reported that the majority of the Israeli Druze identified as ethnically [[Arab]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Israel's Religiously Divided Society|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2016/03/08/israels-religiously-divided-society/|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=8 December 2017|date=8 March 2016}}</ref>

=== Syriac Christians ===
'''Arameans'''{{Main|Arameans in Israel|Maronites in Israel}}
In 2014, Israel decided to recognize the Aramaic community within its borders as a national minority, allowing some of the [[Christianity in Israel|Christians]] in Israel to be registered as "Aramean" instead of "Arab".<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/304458 |title = Ministry of Interior to Admit Arameans to National Population Registry| date=16 September 2014 }}</ref> As of October 2014, some 600 Israelis requested to be registered as Arameans, with several thousand eligible for the status – mostly members of the Maronite community with some Assyrians as well.

The [[Maronites|Maronite Christian]] community in Israel of around 7,000 resides mostly in the Galilee, with a presence in Haifa, Nazareth and Jerusalem. It is largely composed of families that lived in [[Upper Galilee]] in villages such as [[Jish]] long before the establishment of Israel in 1948. In the year 2000, the community was joined by a group of [[South Lebanon Army|Lebanese SLA]] militia members and their families, who fled Lebanon after [[Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon#Withdrawal from the security belt|2000 withdrawal of IDF from South Lebanon]].

'''Assyrians'''{{Main|Assyrians in Israel}}
There are around 1,000 [[Assyrian people|Assyrians]] living in Israel, mostly in [[Jerusalem]] and [[Nazareth]]. Assyrians are an [[Aramaic]] speaking, [[Eastern Christianity|Eastern Rite]] Christian minority who are descended from the ancient [[Mesopotamians]]. The old [[Syriac Orthodox]] monastery of Saint Mark lies in Jerusalem. Other than followers of the Syriac Orthodox Church, there are also followers of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] and the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] living in Israel.

=== Other citizens ===
'''Copts'''

Some 1,000 Israeli citizens belong to the [[Copts|Coptic]] community, originating in Egypt.

'''Samaritans'''{{Main|Samaritans}}
The [[Samaritans]] are an ethnoreligious group of the Levant. Ancestrally, they claim descent from a group of Israelite inhabitants who have connections to ancient Samaria from the beginning of the Babylonian Exile up to the beginning of the Common Era. 2007 population estimates show that 712 Samaritans live half in [[Holon, Israel]] and half at [[Mount Gerizim]] in the West Bank. The Holon community holds Israeli citizenship, while the Gerizim community resides at an Israeli-controlled enclave, holding dual Israeli-Palestinian citizenship.

'''Armenians'''{{Main|Armenians in Israel}}
About 4,000 [[Armenians]] reside in Israel mostly in Jerusalem (including in the [[Armenian Quarter]]), but also in Tel Aviv, Haifa and Jaffa. Armenians have a Patriarchate in Jerusalem and churches in Jerusalem, Haifa and Jaffa. Although Armenians of [[Old Jerusalem]] have Israeli identity cards, they are officially holders of Jordanian passports.<ref>Joyce M. Davis. [http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=548&pagetypeID=4&sitecode=HQ&pageno=3 Jerusalem's Armenian Quarter]. Catholic Near East Welfare Association.</ref>

'''Circassians'''{{Main|Circassians in Israel}}
[[File:Circassians in Israel.Jpg|thumb|Circassians in [[Kfar Kama]]]]
In Israel, there are also a few thousand [[Circassians]], living mostly in [[Kfar Kama]] (2,000) and [[Rehaniya|Reyhaniye]] (1,000).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.circassianworld.com/Israel.html |title=Circassians in Israel |publisher=Circassian World |access-date=5 April 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130416043854/http://www.circassianworld.com/Israel.html |archive-date=16 April 2013 }}</ref> These two villages were a part of a greater group of Circassian villages around the [[Golan Heights]]. The Circassians in Israel enjoy, like [[Druze]]s, a ''status aparte''. Male Circassians (at their leader's request) are mandated for military service, while females are not.

'''People from post-Soviet states'''[[File:Russophone shop in Haifa.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Russophone]] shop in [[Haifa]]]]
Ethnic [[Russians]], [[Ukrainians]], and [[Belarusians]], immigrants from the [[Post-Soviet states|former Soviet Union]], who were eligible to emigrate due to having, or being married to somebody who has, at least one Jewish grandparent and thus qualified for Israeli citizenship under the revised [[Law of Return]]. A number of these immigrants also belong to various ethnic groups from the Former Soviet Union such as [[Armenians]], [[Georgians]], [[Azeris]], [[Uzbeks]], [[Moldovans]], [[Tatars]], among others. Some of them, having a Jewish father or grandfather, identify as Jews, but being non-Jewish by Orthodox [[Halakha]] (religious law), they are not recognized formally as Jews by the state. Most of them are in the mainstream of Israel culture and are called "expanded Jewish population". In addition, a certain number of former Soviet citizens, primarily women of Russian and Ukrainian ethnicity, emigrated to Israel, after marrying Muslim or Christian Arab citizens of Israel, who went to study in the former Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s. 1,557,698 people from the current Russia and Ukraine live in Israel.<ref>Israel Central Bureau of Statistics</ref>

'''Finns'''

Although most people of Finnish origin in Israel are [[Finnish Jews]] who immigrated to Israel, and their descendants, a small number of Finnish Christians moved to Israel in the 1940s before independence and gained citizenship following independence. For the most part, many of the original Finnish settlers intermarried with the other communities in the country, and therefore remain very small in number. A [[Moshav shitufi]] near Jerusalem named [[Yad HaShmona]], meaning the "Memorial for the Eight", was established in 1971 by a group of Finnish Christian-Israelis, although today, most members are Israeli, and are predominantly Hebrew speakers, and the moshav has become a center of [[Messianic Jews]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.finland.org.il/public/default.aspx?nodeid=39222&contentlan=2&culture=en-US |title=Finnish associations&nbsp;– Embassy of Finland, Tel Aviv |publisher=Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1997/02/07/readers-recall-heroic-war-efforts/ |title=Readers Recall Heroic War Efforts |last=Landers |first=Ann |date=7 February 1997 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>

'''Baháʼís'''

The population of followers of the [[Baháʼí Faith]] in Israel is almost entirely made up of volunteers serving at the [[Baháʼí World Centre]]. [[Bahá'u'lláh]] (1817–1892), the Faith's founder, was banished to [[Acre, Israel|Akka]] and died nearby where his shrine is located. During his lifetime he instructed his followers not to teach or convert those living in the area, and the Baháʼís descending from those original immigrants were later asked to leave and teach elsewhere. For nearly a century there has been a policy by Baháʼí leaders to not accept converts living in Israel. The 650 or so foreign national Baháʼís living in Israel are almost all on temporary duty serving at the shrines and administrative offices.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ganbahai.org.il/en/learn-more/bahai-community/worldwide-community |title=The Worldwide Baháʼí Community |website=Bahai.org |access-date=13 July 2018 |archive-date=26 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026115920/https://www.ganbahai.org.il/en/learn-more/bahai-community/worldwide-community |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Nechemia Meyers (1995). "Peace to all nations – Baha'is Establish Israel's Second Holy Mountain". The World & I. Retrieved 5 March 2015</ref><ref>Donald H. Harrison (3 April 1998). "The Fourth Faith". Jewish Sightseeing (Haifa, Israel). Retrieved 5 March 2015</ref>

'''Vietnamese'''

The number of [[Overseas Vietnamese|Vietnamese people]] in Israel and their descendants is estimated at 150 to 200.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/35-years-on-where-are-israels-vietnamese-refugees/ | title=35 years on, where are Israel's Vietnamese refugees?| website=[[The Times of Israel]]}}</ref> Most of them came to Israel in between 1976 and 1979, after prime minister [[Menachem Begin]] authorized their admission to Israel and granted them political asylum. The Vietnamese people living in Israel are Israeli citizens who also serve in the [[Israel Defense Forces]]. Today, the majority of the community lives in the [[Gush Dan]] area in the center of Tel Aviv, but also a few dozen Vietnamese-Israelis or Israelis of Vietnamese origin live in [[Haifa]], [[Jerusalem]], and [[Ofakim]].

'''African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem'''{{Main|African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem}}
The African Hebrew Israelite Nation of Jerusalem is a religious sect<ref name="jpost.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Features/Distrust-in-Dimona|title=Distrust in Dimona – Magazine – Jerusalem Post|website=The Jerusalem Post|date=8 December 2005 |access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref> of Black [[African Americans|Americans]], founded in 1960 by Ben Carter<ref name="religion.info">{{Cite web|url=https://www.religion.info/2006/10/09/israel-une-visite-chez-les-hebreux-noirs/|title=Israël: une visite chez les Hébreux noirs}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last1=Lazareva | first1=Inna | last2=Aviv | first2=Tel | title=Black Hebrews mourn the man who led them from Chicago to Israel | website=The Daily Telegraph| date=3 January 2015 | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/11323698/Black-Hebrews-mourn-the-man-who-led-them-from-Chicago-to-Israel.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/11323698/Black-Hebrews-mourn-the-man-who-led-them-from-Chicago-to-Israel.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live | access-date=11 September 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> a metal worker in Chicago. The members of this sect believe they are descended from the tribes of Judah driven from the Holy Land by the Romans during the First Jewish War (70 AD), and who reportedly emigrated to West Africa before being taken as slaves to the United States.<ref name="religion.info" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Linda Jones, " Claiming a Promised Land: African-American settlers in Israel are guided by idea of independent Black Hebrew Society ", The Dallas Morning News,27/07/1997 .|last=Linda Jones|first=Linda Jones|date=27 July 1997|work=The Dallas Morning News}}</ref> With a population of over 5,000, most members live in their own community in [[Dimona, Israel]], with additional families in [[Arad, Israel|Arad]], [[Mitzpe Ramon]], and the [[Tiberias]] area. The group believes that the ancient Israelites are the ancestors of Black Americans and that the actual Jews are "impostors".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yadleachim.co.il/?CategoryID=111&ArticleID=156|title=הכושים העברים|website=yadleachim.co.il|access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref> Some scholarship does consider them to be of subsaharan African origin, rather than Levantine.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/28/science/african-american-dna.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/28/science/african-american-dna.html |archive-date=3 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Tales of African-American History Found in DNA|last=Zimmer|first=Carl|date=27 May 2016|work=The New York Times|access-date=18 April 2019|issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Their ancestors were Black [[African Americans|Americans]] who, after being expelled from [[Liberia]], illegally immigrated to Israel in the late 1960s using tourist visas, requesting that Israel provide them legal citizenship status. Israel granted their requests.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Markowitz|first1=Fran|last2=Helman|first2=Sara|last3=Shir-Vertesh|first3=Dafna|date=June 2003|title=Soul Citizenship: The Black Hebrews and the State of Israel|journal=American Anthropologist|volume=105|issue=2|pages=302–312|doi=10.1525/aa.2003.105.2.302|issn=0002-7294}}</ref> The African Hebrew Israelites, like the [[Haredim]] and most [[Israeli Arabs]], are not required to serve in the military; however, some do.

'''Naturalized foreign workers'''

Some naturalized [[foreign worker]]s and their children born in Israel, predominantly from the [[Philippines]], [[Nepal]], [[Nigeria]], [[Senegal]], [[Romania]], China, [[Cyprus]], [[Thailand]], and South America (mainly Colombia).

=== Non-citizens ===
'''African migrants'''{{Further|Sudanese refugees in Israel|African immigration to Israel}}
[[File:Meeting between Sudanese refugees and Israeli students.jpg|thumb|Meeting between Sudanese refugees and Israeli students, 2007.]]
The number and status of African migrants in Israel is disputed and controversial, but it is estimated that at least 70,000 refugees mainly from [[Eritrea]], [[Sudan]], [[South Sudan]], [[Ethiopia]], and the [[Ivory Coast]] reside and work in Israel. A count in late 2011 published in Ynet pointed out the number only in Tel Aviv is 40,000, which represents 10 percent of the city's population. The vast majority live in the southern parts of the city. There is a significant population in the southern Israeli cities of Eilat, Arad, and Beersheba.

'''Foreign workers'''{{Further|Filipinos in Israel|Chinese people in Israel|Palestinian workers in Israel}}
There are around 300,000 foreign workers, residing in Israel under temporary work visas, including Palestinians. Most of those foreign workers engage in agriculture and construction. The main groups of those foreign workers include the Chinese, [[Thai people|Thai]], [[Filipinos]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radionetherlandsarchives.org/illegal-in-israel-the-story-of-juan-and-josie/|title=Illegal in Israel – The Story of Juan and Josie|date=1 September 2004}}</ref> [[Nigerians]], [[Romanians]], and [[Latin Americans]].

'''Other refugees'''

Approximately 100–200 refugees from [[Bosnia]], [[Kosovo]], [[Iraqi Kurdistan]], and [[North Korea]] were absorbed in Israel as refugees. Most of them were also given Israeli resident status, and currently reside in Israel.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israel-taking-in-aleppo-refugees-syria-war-assad-regime-evacuation-a7489116.html | title=Israel says it is going to help more Syrian refugees from Aleppo| website=[[The Independent]]| date=21 December 2016}}</ref> As of 2006, some 200 ethnic [[Kurdish refugees]] from Turkey resided in Israel as illegal immigrants, fleeing the [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)|Kurdish–Turkish conflict]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.walla.co.il/item/967428|title=טורקיה והכורדים: קלאב MAD|date=2 September 2006 |publisher=וואלה! חדשות}}</ref>

== Languages ==
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2017}}
{{Main|Languages of Israel}}
Due to its immigrant nature, Israel is one of the most multicultural and multilingual societies in the world. [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] is the official language of the country, and Arabic is given special status, while English and Russian are the two most widely spoken non-official languages. A certain degree of English is spoken widely, and is the language of choice for many Israeli businesses. Hebrew and English language are mandatory subjects in the Israeli school system, and most schools offer either Arabic, French, Spanish, German, Italian, or Russian.

== Religion ==
{{Main|Religion in Israel}}
{{Religion in Israel chart}}

According to a 2010 [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] study<ref>{{cite news |title=Israel 2010: 42% of Jews are secular |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3890330,00.html |newspaper=Ynetnews |date=18 May 2010 |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref> of Israeli Jews aged over 18:

{{Pie chart
|thumb= center
|caption= Israeli Jews define themselves as:
|value1= 8 |label1= ''[[Haredi]]m'' (or ultra-Orthodox)
|value2= 12 |label2= "religious" (non-[[Haredi]] Orthodox, also known as: [[dati leumi]]/national-religious or [[Religious Zionism|religious Zionist]])
|value3= 13 |label3= "religious-traditionalists" (mostly adhering to Jewish [[Halakha]])
|value4= 25 |label4= "non-religious traditionalists" (only partly respecting the Jewish Halakha)
|value5= 43 |label5= "secular"
}}

While the ultra-Orthodox, or Haredim, represented only 5% of Israel's population in 1990,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2010/0709/The-other-Israeli-conflict-with-itself |title=The other Israeli conflict: with itself |newspaper=The Christian Science Monitor |date=9 July 2010}}</ref> they are expected to represent more than one-fifth of Israel's Jewish population by 2028.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/at-the-edge-of-the-abyss-1.3538 |title=At the edge of the abyss |newspaper=Haaretz |date=24 November 2009}}</ref> By 2022, Haredim were 13.3% of the population and enumerated 1,280,000.<ref name="corona">{{Cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/04/04/why-covid-19-has-spread-among-israels-ultra-orthodox |title=Why Covid-19 Has Spread Among Israel's Ultra-Orthodox |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=4 April 2020 |access-date=2 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Statistical Report on Ultra-Orthodox Society in Israel |url=https://en.idi.org.il/haredi/2022/ |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=en.idi.org.il |language=he}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Religious makeup, 2019<ref name="2016-data">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/shnatone_new.htm|title=Statistical Abstract of Israel 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st02_02&CYear=2014|title=Statistical Abstract of Israel 2014 – No. 65 Subject 2 – Table No. 2}}</ref><ref name="population_stat2019" />
|-
! Group || Population || %
|-
| Jews
|align=right| 6,697,000
| {{percentage bar|74.2}}
|-
| Muslims
|align=right| 1,605,700
| {{percentage bar|17.8}}
|-
| Christians
|align=right| 180,400
| {{percentage bar|2.0}}
|-
| Druze
|align=right| 143,000
| {{percentage bar|1.6}}
|-
| Other/unknown
|align=right| 394,900
| {{percentage bar|4.4}}
|}

== Education ==
{{Main|Education in Israel}}
Education between ages 5 and 15 is compulsory. It is not free, but it is subsidized by the government, individual organizations (such as the Beit Yaakov System), or a combination. Parents are expected to participate in courses as well. The school system is organized into kindergartens, 6-year primary schools, and either 6-year secondary schools or 3-year junior secondary schools + 3-year senior secondary schools (depending on region), after which a comprehensive examination is offered for university admissions.

=== Literacy ===
Age 15 and over can read and write (2011 estimate):<ref>{{cite web |title=The World Factbook – Literacy |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2103.html#136 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003138/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2103.html#136 |archive-date=13 June 2007 |access-date=5 August 2016 |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]}}</ref>
* Total population: 97.8%
* Male: 98.7%
* Female: 96.8%

== Policy ==
{{See also|Demographic threat#Israel}}
Israel is the [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by population density|thirtieth-most-densely-crowded country]] in the world. In an academic article, [[Jewish National Fund]] Board member Daniel Orenstein, argues that, as elsewhere, overpopulation is a stressor on the environment in Israel; he shows that environmentalists have conspicuously failed to consider the impact of population on the environment, and argues that overpopulation in Israel has not been appropriately addressed for ideological reasons.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Orenstein |first=Daniel E. |year=2004 |title=Population Growth and Environmental Impact: Ideology and Academic Discourse in Israel |journal=Population and Environment |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=41–60 |publisher=Springer Science+Business Media |doi=10.1023/B:POEN.0000039952.74913.53|s2cid=144223300 | issn=0199-0039 }}</ref><ref>Daniel Orenstein and Steven Hamburg.[http://www.watsoninstitute.org/news_detail.cfm?id=383 "The JNF's Assault on the Negev"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019053259/http://www.watsoninstitute.org/news_detail.cfm?id=383 |date=19 October 2007 }}; ''The Jerusalem Report'', 28 November 2005</ref>

=== Citizenship and Entry Law ===
{{Main|Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law}}
{{Update|inaccurate=yes|section|date=August 2012}}
The [[Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law]] (Temporary Order) 5763 was first passed on 31 July 2003, and has since been extended until 31 July 2008. The law places age restrictions for the automatic granting of Israeli citizenship and residency permits to spouses of Israeli citizens, such that spouses who are inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza Strip are ineligible. On 8 May 2005, the Israeli ministerial committee for issues of legislation once again amended the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law, to restrict citizenship and residence in Israel only to Palestinian men over the age of 35, and Palestinian women over the age of 25. Those in favor of the law say the law not only limits the possibility of the entrance of terrorists into Israel, but, as [[Ze'ev Boim]] asserts, allows Israel "to maintain the state's democratic nature, but also its Jewish nature" (i. e., its Jewish demographic majority).<ref name="scotsman1">{{cite news |title=Arab spouses face Israeli legal purge |url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/international/arab-spouses-face-israeli-legal-purge-1-1117832 |newspaper=The Scotsman |date=15 May 2006 |access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> Critics, including the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3152651.stm |title=UN blasts Israeli marriage law |publisher=BBC News |date=15 August 2003}}</ref> say the law disproportionately affects [[Arab citizens of Israel]], since Arabs in Israel are far more likely to have spouses from the West Bank and Gaza Strip than other Israeli citizens.<ref name="sfgate1">{{cite news |title=Israeli marriage law blocks citizenship for Palestinians |url=http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Israeli-marriage-law-blocks-citizenship-for-2599244.php |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=1 August 2003 |access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>

In the constitutional challenges to the Citizenship and Entry to Israel Law, the state, represented by the Attorney General, insisted that security was the only objective behind the law. The state also added that even if the law was intended to achieve demographic objectives, it is still in conformity with Israel's [[Jewish and democratic state|Jewish and democratic]] definition, and thus constitutional. In a 2012 ruling by the Supreme Court on the issue, some of the judges on the panel discussed demography, and were inclined to accept that demography is a legitimate consideration in devising family reunification policies that violate the right to family life.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://ssrn.com/abstract=2330291 | title=Love Suspended | date=12 February 2013 | last=Masri | first=Mazen | journal=Social & Legal Studies | volume=22 | issue=3 | pages=309–334 | issn=0964-6639 | doi=10.1177/0964663912472095| s2cid=145119571 }}</ref>

== Vital statistics ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right"
|+Birth and death rates in Israel<ref>{{cite web|access-date=17 February 2022|url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/Statistics/Pages/Generators/Time-Series-DataBank.aspx|title=Statistics – Time Series DataBank|publisher=Israel Central bureau of statistics}}</ref><ref name="unstats.un.org">{{cite web | access-date=11 September 2019 | url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/?aspxerrorpath=/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/index.cshtm | title=UNSD – Demographic and Social Statistics | publisher=United Nations}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Developed Countries Demography|url=https://www.ined.fr/en/everything_about_population/data/online-databases/developed-countries-database/|publisher=Institut National d'Études Demographiques – INED|access-date=4 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Israel on the Eve of 2022 |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/DocLib/2021/447/11_21_447e.pdf |publisher=Israel Central bureau of statistics |access-date=31 January 2022}}</ref>
|-
! width="70" |Year
! width="70" |Population 
! width="70" |Live births
! width="70" |Deaths
! width="70" |Natural increase
! width="70" |Crude birth rate (per 1,000)
! width="70" |Crude death rate (per 1,000)
! width="70" |Natural change (per 1,000)
! width="70" |Crude migration rate (per 1,000)
! width="70" |Total fertility rate
<ref>{{Cite web |title=Children born per woman, 1925 to 2016 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104011719/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?tab=chart&country=~ISR&region=World |archive-url= |website=Our World in Data}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1950
| style="text-align:right" | 1,370,000
| style="color: red; text-align:right" | 43,431
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 8,700
| style="text-align:right" | 34,731
| style="text-align:right" | 34.1
| style="text-align:right" | 6.8
| style="text-align:right" | 27.3
|
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |4.52
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1951
| style="text-align:right" | 1,578,000
| style="text-align:right" | 50,542
| style="text-align:right" | 9,866
| style="text-align:right" | 40,676
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 34.3
| style="text-align:right" | 6.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 27.6
| 104.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |4.45
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1952
| style="text-align:right" | 1,630,000
| style="text-align:right" | 52,556
| style="text-align:right" | 11,666
| style="text-align:right" | 40,890
| style="text-align:right" | 32.8
| style="color: red; text-align:right" | 7.3
| style="text-align:right" | 25.5
| 6.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |4.32
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1953
| style="text-align:right" | 1,669,000
| style="text-align:right" | 52,552
| style="text-align:right" | 10,916
| style="text-align:right" | 41,636
| style="text-align:right" | 31.9
| style="text-align:right" | 6.6
| style="text-align:right" | 25.3
| -1.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |4.21
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1954
| style="text-align:right" | 1,718,000
| style="text-align:right" | 48,951
| style="text-align:right" | 11,328
| style="text-align:right" | 37,623
| style="text-align:right" | 28.9
| style="text-align:right" | 6.7
| style="text-align:right" | 22.2
| 6.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |4.11
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1955
| style="text-align:right" | 1,789,000
| style="text-align:right" | 50,686
| style="text-align:right" | 10,532
| style="text-align:right" | 40,154
| style="text-align:right" | 28.9
| style="text-align:right" | 6.0
| style="text-align:right" | 22.9
| 16.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 4.03
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1956
| style="text-align:right" | 1,872,000
| style="text-align:right" | 52,287
| style="text-align:right" | 12,025
| style="text-align:right" | 40,262
| style="text-align:right" | 28.6
| style="text-align:right" | 6.6
| style="text-align:right" | 22.0
| 22.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.96
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1957
| style="text-align:right" | 1,976,000
| style="text-align:right" | 53,940
| style="text-align:right" | 12,487
| style="text-align:right" | 41,453
| style="text-align:right" | 28.0
| style="text-align:right" | 6.5
| style="text-align:right" | 21.5
| 31.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.92
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1958
| style="text-align:right" | 2,032,000
| style="text-align:right" | 52,649
| style="text-align:right" | 11,615
| style="text-align:right" | 41,034
| style="text-align:right" | 26.3
| style="text-align:right" | 5.8
| style="text-align:right" | 20.5
| 7.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.88
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1959
| style="text-align:right" | 2,089,000
| style="text-align:right" | 54,604
| style="text-align:right" | 12,056
| style="text-align:right" | 42,548
| style="text-align:right" | 26.5
| style="text-align:right" | 5.9
| style="text-align:right" | 20.6
| 6.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.86
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1960
| style="text-align:right" | 2,150,000
| style="text-align:right" | 56,002
| style="text-align:right" | 12,053
| style="text-align:right" | 43,949
| style="text-align:right" | 26.4
| style="text-align:right" | 5.7
| style="text-align:right" | 20.7
| 7.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.84
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1961
| style="text-align:right" | 2,234,000
| style="text-align:right" | 54,869
| style="text-align:right" | 12,663
| style="text-align:right" | 42,206
| style="text-align:right" | 25.0
| style="text-align:right" | 5.8
| style="text-align:right" | 19.2
| 18.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.84
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1962
| style="text-align:right" | 2,332,000
| style="text-align:right" | 56,356
| style="text-align:right" | 13,701
| style="text-align:right" | 42,655
| style="text-align:right" | 24.7
| style="text-align:right" | 6.0
| style="text-align:right" | 18.7
| 23.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.83
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1963
| style="text-align:right" | 2,430,000
| style="text-align:right" | 59,491
| style="text-align:right" | 14,425
| style="text-align:right" | 45,066
| style="text-align:right" | 25.0
| style="text-align:right" | 6.1
| style="text-align:right" | 18.9
| 21.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.82
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1964
| style="text-align:right" | 2,526,000
| style="text-align:right" | 63,544
| style="text-align:right" | 15,491
| style="text-align:right" | 48,053
| style="text-align:right" | 25.6
| style="text-align:right" | 6.3
| style="text-align:right" | 19.3
| 18.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.81
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1965
| style="text-align:right" | 2,598,000
| style="text-align:right" | 66,146
| style="text-align:right" | 16,261
| style="text-align:right" | 49,885
| style="text-align:right" | 25.8
| style="text-align:right" | 6.3
| style="text-align:right" | 19.5
| 8.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.99
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1966
| style="text-align:right" | 2,657,000
| style="text-align:right" | 67,148
| style="text-align:right" | 16,582
| style="text-align:right" | 50,566
| style="text-align:right" | 25.6
| style="text-align:right" | 6.3
| style="text-align:right" | 19.3
| 2.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.80
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1967
| style="text-align:right" | 2,776,000
| style="text-align:right" | 64,980
| style="text-align:right" | 17,463
| style="text-align:right" | 47,517
| style="text-align:right" | 23.9
| style="text-align:right" | 6.4
| style="text-align:right" | 17.5
| 25.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.80
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1968
| style="text-align:right" | 2,841,000
| style="text-align:right" | 69,911
| style="text-align:right" | 18,689
| style="text-align:right" | 51,222
| style="text-align:right" | 24.9
| style="text-align:right" | 6.7
| style="text-align:right" | 18.2
| 4.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.81
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1969
| style="text-align:right" | 2,930,000
| style="text-align:right" | 73,666
| style="text-align:right" | 19,767
| style="text-align:right" | 53,899
| style="text-align:right" | 25.5
| style="text-align:right" | 6.9
| style="text-align:right" | 18.6
| 11.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.81
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1970
| style="text-align:right" | 3,022,000
| style="text-align:right" | 80,843
| style="text-align:right" | 21,234
| style="text-align:right" | 59,609
| style="text-align:right" | 27.2
| style="text-align:right" | 7.1
| style="text-align:right" | 20.1
| 10.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.82
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1971
| style="text-align:right" | 3,121,000
| style="text-align:right" | 85,899
| style="text-align:right" | 21,415
| style="text-align:right" | 64,484
| style="text-align:right" | 28.0
| style="text-align:right" | 7.0
| style="text-align:right" | 21.0
| 10.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.81
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1972
| style="text-align:right" | 3,225,000
| style="text-align:right" | 85,544
| style="text-align:right" | 22,719
| style="text-align:right" | 62,825
| style="text-align:right" | 27.0
| style="text-align:right" | 7.2
| style="text-align:right" | 19.8
| 12.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.80
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1973
| style="text-align:right" | 3,338,000
| style="text-align:right" | 88,545
| style="text-align:right" | 23,054
| style="text-align:right" | 65,491
| style="text-align:right" | 27.0
| style="text-align:right" | 7.0
| style="text-align:right" | 20.0
| 13.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.77
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1974
| style="text-align:right" | 3,422,000
| style="text-align:right" | 93,166
| style="text-align:right" | 24,135
| style="text-align:right" | 69,031
| style="text-align:right" | 27.6
| style="text-align:right" | 7.1
| style="text-align:right" | 20.5
| 4.0
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.72
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1975
| style="text-align:right" | 3,493,000
| style="text-align:right" | 95,628
| style="text-align:right" | 24,600
| style="text-align:right" | 71,028
| style="text-align:right" | 27.7
| style="text-align:right" | 7.1
| style="text-align:right" | 20.6
| -0.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.68
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1976
| style="text-align:right" | 3,575,000
| style="text-align:right" | 98,763
| style="text-align:right" | 24,012
| style="text-align:right" | 74,751
| style="text-align:right" | 27.9
| style="text-align:right" | 6.8
| style="text-align:right" | 21.1
| 1.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.59
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1977
| style="text-align:right" | 3,653,000
| style="text-align:right" | 95,315
| style="text-align:right" | 24,951
| style="text-align:right" | 70,364
| style="text-align:right" | 26.4
| style="text-align:right" | 6.9
| style="text-align:right" | 19.5
| 1.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" |3.51
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1978
| style="text-align:right" | 3,738,000
| style="text-align:right" | 92,602
| style="text-align:right" | 25,153
| style="text-align:right" | 67,449
| style="text-align:right" | 25.1
| style="text-align:right" | 6.8
| style="text-align:right" | 18.3
| 4.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.28
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1979
| style="text-align:right" | 3,836,000
| style="text-align:right" | 93,710
| style="text-align:right" | 25,700
| style="text-align:right" | 68,010
| style="text-align:right" | 24.7
| style="text-align:right" | 6.8
| style="text-align:right" | 17.9
| 7.6
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.21
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1980
| style="text-align:right" | 3,922,000
| style="text-align:right" | 94,321
| style="text-align:right" | 26,364
| style="text-align:right" | 67,957
| style="text-align:right" | 24.3
| style="text-align:right" | 6.8
| style="text-align:right" | 17.5
| 4.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.14
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1981
| style="text-align:right" | 3,978,000
| style="text-align:right" | 93,308
| style="text-align:right" | 26,085
| style="text-align:right" | 67,223
| style="text-align:right" | 23.6
| style="text-align:right" | 6.6
| style="text-align:right" | 17.0
| -2.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.06
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1982
| style="text-align:right" | 4,064,000
| style="text-align:right" | 96,695
| style="text-align:right" | 27,780
| style="text-align:right" | 68,915
| style="text-align:right" | 24.0
| style="text-align:right" | 6.9
| style="text-align:right" | 17.1
| 4.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.12
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1983
| style="text-align:right" | 4,119,000
| style="text-align:right" | 98,724
| style="text-align:right" | 27,731
| style="text-align:right" | 70,993
| style="text-align:right" | 24.0
| style="text-align:right" | 6.7
| style="text-align:right" | 17.3
| -3.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.14
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1984
| style="text-align:right" | 4,200,000
| style="text-align:right" | 98,478
| style="text-align:right" | 27,805
| style="text-align:right" | 70,673
| style="text-align:right" | 23.3
| style="text-align:right" | 6.6
| style="text-align:right" | 16.7
| 2.6
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.13
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1985
| style="text-align:right" | 4,266,000
| style="text-align:right" | 99,376
| style="text-align:right" | 28,093
| style="text-align:right" | 71,283
| style="text-align:right" | 23.1
| style="text-align:right" | 6.5
| style="text-align:right" | 16.6
| -1.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.12
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1986
| style="text-align:right" | 4,331,000
| style="text-align:right" | 99,341
| style="text-align:right" | 29,415
| style="text-align:right" | 69,926
| style="text-align:right" | 22.7
| style="text-align:right" | 6.7
| style="text-align:right" | 16.0
| -1.0
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.09
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1987
| style="text-align:right" | 4,407,000
| style="text-align:right" | 99,022
| style="text-align:right" | 29,244
| style="text-align:right" | 69,778
| style="text-align:right" | 22.2
| style="text-align:right" | 6.6
| style="text-align:right" | 15.6
| 1.6
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.05
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1988
| style="text-align:right" | 4,477,000
| style="text-align:right" | 100,454
| style="text-align:right" | 29,176
| style="text-align:right" | 71,278
| style="text-align:right" | 22.2
| style="text-align:right" | 6.4
| style="text-align:right" | 15.8
| -0.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.06
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1989
| style="text-align:right" | 4,560,000
| style="text-align:right" | 100,757
| style="text-align:right" | 28,580
| style="text-align:right" | 72,177
| style="text-align:right" | 22.1
| style="text-align:right" | 6.3
| style="text-align:right" | 15.8
| 2.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.03
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1990
| style="text-align:right" | 4,822,000
| style="text-align:right" | 103,349
| style="text-align:right" | 28,734
| style="text-align:right" | 74,615
| style="text-align:right" | 22.0
| style="text-align:right" | 6.1
| style="text-align:right" | 15.9
| 38.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.02
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1991
| style="text-align:right" | 5,059,000
| style="text-align:right" | 105,725
| style="text-align:right" | 31,266
| style="text-align:right" | 74,459
| style="text-align:right" | 21.4
| style="text-align:right" | 6.3
| style="text-align:right" | 15.1
| 31.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.91
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1992
| style="text-align:right" | 5,196,000
| style="text-align:right" | 110,062
| style="text-align:right" | 33,327
| style="text-align:right" | 76,735
| style="text-align:right" | 21.5
| style="text-align:right" | 6.5
| style="text-align:right" | 15.0
| 11.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.93
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1993
| style="text-align:right" | 5,328,000
| style="text-align:right" | 112,330
| style="text-align:right" | 33,000
| style="text-align:right" | 79,330
| style="text-align:right" | 21.3
| style="text-align:right" | 6.3
| style="text-align:right" | 15.0
| 9.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.92
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1994
| style="text-align:right" | 5,472,000
| style="text-align:right" | 114,543
| style="text-align:right" | 33,535
| style="text-align:right" | 81,008
| style="text-align:right" | 21.2
| style="text-align:right" | 6.2
| style="text-align:right" | 15.0
| 11.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.90
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1995
| style="text-align:right" | 5,612,000
| style="text-align:right" | 116,886
| style="text-align:right" | 35,348
| style="text-align:right" | 81,538
| style="text-align:right" | 21.1
| style="text-align:right" | 6.4
| style="text-align:right" | 14.7
| 10.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.88
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1996
| style="text-align:right" | 5,758,000
| style="text-align:right" | 121,333
| style="text-align:right" | 34,664
| style="text-align:right" | 86,669
| style="text-align:right" | 21.3
| style="text-align:right" | 6.1
| style="text-align:right" | 15.2
| 10.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.94
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1997
| style="text-align:right" | 5,900,000
| style="text-align:right" | 124,478
| style="text-align:right" | 36,124
| style="text-align:right" | 88,354
| style="text-align:right" | 21.4
| style="text-align:right" | 6.2
| style="text-align:right" | 15.2
| 8.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.93
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1998
| style="text-align:right" | 6,041,000
| style="text-align:right" | 130,080
| style="text-align:right" | 36,955
| style="text-align:right" | 93,125
| style="text-align:right" | 21.8
| style="text-align:right" | 6.2
| style="text-align:right" | 15.6
| 7.7
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.98
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1999
| style="text-align:right" | 6,209,000
| style="text-align:right" | 131,936
| style="text-align:right" | 37,291
| style="text-align:right" | 94,645
| style="text-align:right" | 21.6
| style="text-align:right" | 6.1
| style="text-align:right" | 15.5
| 11.6
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.94
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2000
| style="text-align:right" | 6,369,000
| style="text-align:right" | 136,390
| style="text-align:right" | 37,688
| style="text-align:right" | 98,702
| style="text-align:right" | 21.7
| style="text-align:right" | 6.0
| style="text-align:right" | 15.7
| 9.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.95
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2001
| style="text-align:right" | 6,509,000
| style="text-align:right" | 136,636
| style="text-align:right" | 37,186
| style="text-align:right" | 99,450
| style="text-align:right" | 21.2
| style="text-align:right" | 5.8
| style="text-align:right" | 15.4
| 6.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.89
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2002
| style="text-align:right" | 6,631,000
| style="text-align:right" | 139,535
| style="text-align:right" | 38,415
| style="text-align:right" | 101,120
| style="text-align:right" | 21.2
| style="text-align:right" | 5.8
| style="text-align:right" | 15.4
| 3.0
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.89
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2003
| style="text-align:right" | 6,748,000
| style="text-align:right" | 144,936
| style="text-align:right" | 38,499
| style="text-align:right" | 106,437
| style="text-align:right" | 21.7
| style="text-align:right" | 5.8
| style="text-align:right" | 15.9
| 1.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.95
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2004
| style="text-align:right" | 6,870,000
| style="text-align:right" | 145,207
| style="text-align:right" | 37,938
| style="text-align:right" | 107,269
| style="text-align:right" | 21.3
| style="text-align:right" | 5.6
| style="text-align:right" | 15.7
| 2.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.90
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2005
| style="text-align:right" | 6,991,000
| style="text-align:right" | 143,913
| style="text-align:right" | 39,038
| style="text-align:right" | 104,875
| style="text-align:right" | 20.8
| style="text-align:right" | 5.6
| style="text-align:right" | 15.2
| 2.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.84
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2006
| style="text-align:right" | 7,117,000
| style="text-align:right" | 148,170
| style="text-align:right" | 38,765
| style="text-align:right" | 109,405
| style="text-align:right" | 21.0
| style="text-align:right" | 5.5
| style="text-align:right" | 15.5
| 2.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.88
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2007
| style="text-align:right" | 7,244,000
| style="text-align:right" | 151,679
| style="text-align:right" | 40,081
| style="text-align:right" | 111,598
| style="text-align:right" | 21.1
| style="text-align:right" | 5.5
| style="text-align:right" | 15.6
| 1.9
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.90
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2008
| style="text-align:right" | 7,419,100
| style="text-align:right" | 156,923
| style="text-align:right" | 39,484
| style="text-align:right" | 117,439
| style="text-align:right" | 21.5
| style="text-align:right" | 5.4
| style="text-align:right" | 16.1
| 7.5
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.96
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2009
| style="text-align:right" | 7,552,000
| style="text-align:right" | 161,042
| style="text-align:right" | 38,812
| style="text-align:right" | 122,230
| style="text-align:right" | 21.5
| style="text-align:right" | 5.2
| style="text-align:right" | 16.3
| 1.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.96
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2010
| style="text-align:right" | 7,695,100
| style="text-align:right" | 166,255
| style="text-align:right" | 39,613
| style="text-align:right" | 126,642
| style="text-align:right" | 21.8
| style="text-align:right" | 5.2
| style="text-align:right" | 16.6
| 2.0
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.03
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2011
| style="text-align:right" | 7,836,600
| style="text-align:right" | 166,296
| style="text-align:right" | 40,889
| style="text-align:right" | 125,407
| style="text-align:right" | 21.4
| style="text-align:right" | 5.3
| style="text-align:right" | 16.1
| 2.0
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.00
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2012
| style="text-align:right" | 7,984,500
| style="text-align:right" | 170,940
| style="text-align:right" | 42,100
| style="text-align:right" | 128,840
| style="text-align:right" | 21.6
| style="text-align:right" | 5.3
| style="text-align:right" | 16.3
| 2.1
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.05
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2013
| style="text-align:right" | 8,134,500
| style="text-align:right" | 171,444
| style="text-align:right" | 41,683
| style="text-align:right" | 129,761
| style="text-align:right" | 21.3
| style="text-align:right" | 5.2
| style="text-align:right" | 16.1
| 2.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.03
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2014
| style="text-align:right" | 8,296,900
| style="text-align:right" | 176,427
| style="text-align:right" | 42,457
| style="text-align:right" | 133,970
| style="text-align:right" | 21.5
| style="text-align:right" | 5.2
| style="text-align:right" | 16.3
| 3.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.08
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2015
| style="text-align:right" | 8,463,400
| style="text-align:right" | 178,723
| style="text-align:right" | 44,507
| style="text-align:right" | 134,216
| style="text-align:right" | 21.3
| style="text-align:right" | 5.3
| style="text-align:right" | 16.0
| 3.6
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.09
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2016
| style="text-align:right" | 8,628,600
| style="text-align:right" | 181,405
| style="text-align:right" | 44,244
| style="text-align:right" | 137,161
| style="text-align:right" | 21.2
| style="text-align:right" | 5.2
| style="text-align:right" | 16.0
| 3.2
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.11
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2017
| style="text-align:right" | 8,797,900
| style="text-align:right" | 183,648
| style="text-align:right" | 44,923
| style="text-align:right" | 138,725
| style="text-align:right" | 21.1
| style="text-align:right" | 5.2
| style="text-align:right" | 15.9
| 3.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.11
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2018
| style="text-align:right" | 8,967,600
| style="text-align:right" | 184,370
| style="text-align:right" | 44,850
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 139,520
| style="text-align:right" | 20.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 5.0
| style="text-align:right" | 15.7
| 3.6
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.09
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2019
| style="text-align:right" | 9,140,500
| style="text-align:right" | 182,016
| style="text-align:right" | 46,328
| style="text-align:right" | 135,688
| style="text-align:right" | 20.1
| style="text-align:right" | 5.1
| style="text-align:right" | 15.0
| 4.3
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.01
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2020
| style="text-align:right" | 9,289,800
| style="text-align:right" | 177,307
| style="text-align:right" | 49,006
| style="text-align:right" | 128,301
| style="text-align:right" | 19.2
| style="text-align:right" | 5.3
| style="text-align:right" | 13.9
| 2.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.90
|-
| 2021
| 9,453,000
| style="color: blue" | 185,040
| 50,984
| 134,056
| 19.7
| 5.4
| 14.3
| 5.4
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 3.00
|-
| 2022
| 9,662,000
| 181,193
| style="color: red"| 52,054
| 129,139
| 19.0
| 5.4
| 13.6
| 8.5
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.89
|-
| 2023
| 9,915,000
| 178,724
| 49,910
| 128,814
|  18.6
| 5.2
| 13.4
| 13.0
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.85
|-
| 2024
| style="color: blue"| 10,027,000
| 181,609
| 51,568
| 130,041
| style="color: red"| 18.6
| 5.3
| style="color: red"| 13.3
| -1.8
| style="color: blue; text-align:right" | 2.83
|-
|}

=== Current vital statistics ===
<ref>{{cite web|title=Monthly Bulletin of Statistics – Vital statistics|url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/Pages/search/publications.aspx?CbsArticleName=Monthly%20Bulletin%20of%20Statistics}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
| '''January-March 2024'''
| 44,655
| 14,983
| +29,672
|-
| '''January-March 2025'''
| 43,549
| 14,541
| +29,008
|-
| '''Difference'''
| {{decrease}} -1,106 (-2.48%)
| {{decreasepositive}} -442 (-2.95%)
| {{decrease}} -664
|}

== Migration ==
===Immigration===
In 2013 Israel had an estimated net migration rate of 1.81 migrant(s) per 1,000 population.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Immigrants by last country of residence in recent years (according to CBS and the [[Jewish Agency]]):<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/doclib/2020/223/21_20_223t2.pdf |title=Immigrants, by continent and selected last country of residence in 2018 and 2019. |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/doclib/2021/303/21_21_303t2.pdf |title=Immigrants, by continent and selected last country of residence in 2020. |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel}}</ref><ref name="INN">{{cite news |title=2021 Sees 30% global surge in Aliyah, record-breaking immigration from US |url=https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/319084 |access-date=11 April 2022 |publisher=Arutz Sheva }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|- 
| '''Country''' || '''2019''' || '''2020''' || '''2021'''
|-
| {{flag|Russia}} || 15,821 || 6,644 || 7,500
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}} || 6,190 || 2,937 || 3,000
|-
| {{flag|France}} || 2,227 || 2,407 || 3,500
|-
| {{flag|United States}} || 2,481 || 2,296 || 4,000
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}} || || || 1,636
|-
| {{flag|Argentina}} || 411 || 551 || 900
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}} || 589 || 512 || 550
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 498 || 459 || 650
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}} || 343 || 269 || 550
|-
| {{flag|Canada}} || 217 || 236 || 400
|-
| {{flag|Mexico}} || 127 || || 290
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}} || 924 || 625 ||
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}} || || 229 ||
|-
| {{flag|Venezuela}} || || 174 ||
|-
| {{flag|Uzbekistan}} || || 147 ||
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}} || || 139 ||
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}} || || 130 ||
|-
| Others || || 1,921 ||
|-
| '''Total''' || '''33,247''' || '''21,820''' || '''27,050'''
|}

====Immigration from the USSR====
{{Further|1970s Soviet Union aliyah|1990s post-Soviet aliyah}}
During the 1970s about 163,000 people of Jewish descent immigrated to Israel [[Aliyah from the Soviet Union in the 1970s|from the USSR]].

Later [[Ariel Sharon]], in his capacity as Minister of Housing & Construction and member of the Ministerial Committee for Immigration & Absorption, launched an unprecedented large-scale construction effort to accommodate the new Russian population in Israel so as to facilitate their smooth integration and encourage further Jewish immigration as an ongoing means of increasing the Jewish population of Israel.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ariel Sharon |url=http://www.pmo.gov.il/English/History/PastPMM/Pages/ArielSharon.aspx |access-date=20 October 2012}}</ref> Between 1989 and 2006, about 979,000 Jews emigrated from the former Soviet Union to Israel.

=== Emigration ===
For many years definitive data on Israeli emigration was unavailable.<ref>Henry Kamm. "Israeli emigration inspires anger and fear;" ''The New York Times'' 4 January 1981</ref> In ''The Israeli Diaspora'' sociologist Stephen J. Gold maintains that calculation of Jewish emigration has been a contentious issue, explaining, "Since Zionism, the philosophy that underlies the existence of the Jewish state, calls for return home of the world's Jews, the opposite movement—Israelis leaving the Jewish state to reside elsewhere—clearly presents an ideological and demographic problem."<ref>Stephen J. Gold. ''The Israeli Diaspora''; Routledge 2002, p.8</ref>

In the past several decades, emigration ([[yerida]]) has seen a considerable increase. From 1990 to 2005, 230,000 Israelis left the country; a large proportion of these departures included people who initially immigrated to Israel and then reversed their course (48% of all post-1990 departures and even 60% of 2003 and 2004 departures were former immigrants to Israel). 8% of Jewish immigrants in the post-1990 period left Israel, while 15% of non-Jewish immigrants did. In 2005 alone, 21,500 Israelis left the country and had not yet returned at the end of 2006; among them 73% were Jews, 5% Arabs, and 22% "Others" (mostly non-Jewish immigrants, with Jewish ancestry, from USSR). At the same time, 10,500 Israelis came back to Israel after over one year abroad; 84% were Jews, 9% Others, and 7% Arabs.<ref>[http://cbs.gov.il/reader/newhodaot/hodaa_template.html?hodaa=200701153 ICBS 2005 departures and returns] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114095832/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/newhodaot/hodaa_template.html?hodaa=200701153 |date=14 November 2011 }}. Cbs.gov.il. Retrieved 8 September 2011.</ref>

According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, as of 2005, 650,000 Israelis had left the country for over one year and not returned. Of them, 530,000 are still alive today. This number does not include the children born overseas. It should also be noted that Israeli law grants citizenship only to the first generation of children born to Israeli emigrants.

== Health ==

=== HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate ===
* 0.2% (2009 est.)

=== Obesity – adult prevalence rate ===
* 26% of women and 40% of men are overweight. In both genders, obesity rate is 15% (as of 2011).<ref name="menwomenstats">[http://www1.cbs.gov.il/www/statistical/mw2013_e.pdf Statistilite 133 – Women & Men in Israel – 1990–2011] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151216004027/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/www/statistical/mw2013_e.pdf |date=16 December 2015 }}, on cbs.gov.il</ref>

[[File:TFR vs PPP 2015.png|thumb|300px|Graph of [[Total Fertility Rate]] vs. [[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|GDP (PPP) per capita]] of each country, including Israel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/total-fertility-rate/country-comparison|title=Field Listing: Total Fertility Rate|website=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/real-gdp-per-capita/country-comparison|title=Country Comparison: GDP – Per Capita (PPP)|website=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref>]]

== Future projections ==
In June 2013, the [[Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics|Central Bureau of Statistics]] released a demographic report, projecting that Israel's population would grow to 11.4&nbsp;million by 2035, with the Jewish population numbering 8.3&nbsp;million, or 73% of the population, and the Arab population at 2.6&nbsp;million, or 23%. This includes some 2.3&nbsp;million Muslims (20% of the population), 185,000 Druze, and 152,000 Christians. The report predicts that the Israeli population growth rate will decline to 1.4% annually, with growth in the Muslim population remaining higher than the Jewish population until 2035, at which point the Jewish population will begin growing the fastest.<ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/news/national/peering-into-the-crystal-ball-how-israel-will-look-statistically-in-2035.premium-1.532152 Peering into the crystal ball: How Israel will look, statistically, in 2035]&nbsp;– ''[[Haaretz]]''</ref>

In 2017, the Central Bureau of Statistics projected that Israel's population would rise to about 18 million by 2059, including 14.4&nbsp;million Jews and 3.6&nbsp;million Arabs. Of the Jewish population, about 5.25&nbsp;million would be [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi]]. Overall, the forecast projected that 49% of the population would be either Haredi Jews (29%) or Arabs (20%).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/half-of-israel-to-be-arab-ultra-orthodox-by-2059-projections/|title=Half of Israel to be Arab, ultra-Orthodox by 2059 – projections|first=T. O. I.|last=staff|website=The Times of Israel}}</ref> It also projected a population of 20 million in 2065.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Report-Israels-population-to-reach-20-million-by-2065-492429|title=Israel's demographic future: Crowded and very religious – Israel News – Jerusalem Post|website=The Jerusalem Post|date=21 May 2017 }}</ref> Jews and other non-Arabs are expected to compose 81% of the population in 2065, and Arabs 19%. About 32% of the population is expected to be Haredi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Projections of Israel Population until 2065|url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/mediarelease/Pages/2017/Projections-of-Israel-Population-until-2065.aspx|access-date=27 May 2021|publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel|language=en-US}}</ref>

Other forecasts project that Israel could have a population as high as 23 million, or even 36&nbsp;million, by 2050.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/forget-iran-is-the-fertility-rate-the-real-threat-to-israel-s-existence-1.5461149|title=Forget Iran. Is the Fertility Rate the Real Threat to Israel's Existence?|first=Netta|last=Ahituv|date=16 April 2017|newspaper=Haaretz}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Aliyah]]
* [[Crime in Israel]]
* [[Culture of Israel]]
* [[Demographic history of Palestine (region)]]
* [[Demographics of the Middle East]]
* [[Demographics of the State of Palestine]]
* [[Health care in Israel]]
* [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]
* [[Jewish population by country]]
* [[Standard of living in Israel]]
* [[Women in Israel]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=DellaPergola |first=Sergio |author-link=Sergio DellaPergola |title=Demography in Israel/Palestine: Trends, Prospects, Policy Implications |url=http://www.archive-iussp.org/Brazil2001/s60/S64_02_dellapergola.pdf |access-date=5 April 2013 |year=2001 |publisher=The Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116084548/http://www.archive-iussp.org/Brazil2001/s60/S64_02_dellapergola.pdf |archive-date=16 January 2014 |url-status=dead }}
* {{cite book |last=Goldscheider |first=Calvin |title=Israel's Changing Society: Population, Ethnicity & Development |year=2002 |publisher=Westview Press |isbn=978-0-8133-3917-7}}
*{{cite magazine | url = https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/2016-12-08/land-full-addressing-overpopulation-israel | title = The Land Is Full: Addressing Overpopulation in Israel | last = Tal | first = Alon | author-link = Alon Tal | date = February 2017 | magazine = [[Foreign Affairs]]}} Book review by [[John Waterbury]].
*Videos of academic lectures posted on the official YouTube VOD (video on demand) channel of ''[[Tel Aviv University]]:''
**{{cite web |last=Rabinowitz|first=Dan|date=18 November 2012|title=The Sacred Cow of Israel: The Environmental Implications of Zionism's Population Policy|via=YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81_IGBezO68| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/81_IGBezO68| archive-date=11 December 2021 | url-status=live}}{{cbignore}} (28 min)
**{{cite web |last=Dayan|first=Tamar|date=18 November 2012|title=Population Increase and the Impact on Biodiversity in Israel|via=YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8VwpzKSnJro| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/8VwpzKSnJro| archive-date=11 December 2021 | url-status=live}}{{cbignore}} (16 min)
** {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C64J_sUtETc | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/C64J_sUtETc| archive-date=11 December 2021 | url-status=live|title=Questions & Answers Panel|date=18 November 2012|last1=Ehrlich|first1=Paul|author-link1=Paul R. Ehrlich|last2=Rabinowitz|first2=Dan|last3=Dayan|first3=Tamar| via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}} (31 min)
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.cbs.gov.il/en Official website] of the [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120918121416/http://www.goisrael.com/Tourism_Eng/Tourist%20Information/Discover%20Israel/Pages/Population.aspx Population of Israel] by the [[Tourism Ministry (Israel)|Tourism Ministry]]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel/ Israel]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]].
* [http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Compelling+Content/Eye+on+Israel/Society Issues in Israeli Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621145305/http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Compelling+Content/Eye+on+Israel/Society |date=21 June 2013 }} at the [[Jewish Agency for Israel]]

{{Demographics of Israel|state=expanded}}
{{Israel topics}}
{{Asia topic|Demographics of}}

{{Subject bar|Israel|Society|d=y|auto=1}}

[[Category:Demographics of Israel| ]]