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Demographics of Libya
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{{Short description|none}} {{Redirect|Libyan|other uses|Libyan (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}} {{Infobox place demographics |place=[[Libya]] |image=File:Libya single age population pyramid 2020.png |image_size=350 |caption=[[Population pyramid]] of Libya in 2020 |size_of_population=7,137,931 (2022 est.) |growth=1.65% (2022 est.) |nation=Libyans |total_mf_ratio=1.04 male(s)/female (2022 est.) |sr_at_birth=1.05 male(s)/female |fertility=2.36 children (2023) |life_female=76.11 years |infant_mortality=5.22 deaths/1,000 live births |net_migration= 1.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population |life_male=70.27 years |life=73.29 years |death=3.45 deaths/1,000 population |birth=21.56 births/1,000 population |major_ethnic=[[Arabs]] (92%)<ref name="Population of Libya">{{Cite web |title=Population of Libya |url=https://fanack.com/libya/population-of-libya/ |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=Fanack.com |language=en-US}}</ref> |official=[[Arabic]] |minor_ethnic=[[Berbers]] (5%)<br>Others (3%)<ref name="Population of Libya"/>}} {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Libyans | caption = [[Flag of Libya]] | image = Flag_of_Libya.svg | native_name = ليبيون (Libiūn) | native_name_lang = | population = {{circa}} '''8 million''' | poptime = | popplace = {{flagcountry|Libya}}<br>7,420,000 <small>(1-1-2025 UN est.)</small> | region6 = {{flagcountry|Israel}} | pop6 = 50,600 <small>(2019)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=Jews, by Country of Origin and Age |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2020/2.shnatonpopulation/st02_08x.pdf |access-date=13 March 2021}}</ref> | region8 = {{flagcountry|Turkey}} | pop8 = 21,677 <small>(2022)</small><ref>{{Cite web|title= Uyruklarına göre Türkiye'de Yabancı Nüfus (2022 yılı)|date=November 2023|url= https://www.drdatastats.com/uyruklarina-gore-turkiyedeki-yabanci-nufus/}}</ref> | region9 = {{flagcountry|Malaysia}} | pop9 = 15,000 <small>(2019)</small>{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | region7 = {{flagcountry|China}} | pop7 = 25,000{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | region12 = {{flagcountry|Canada}} | pop12 = 13,545<ref>{{cite web|title=Immigrant status and period of immigration by place of birth and citizenship: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810030201|website=Statistics Canada|date = 7 May 2021|publisher=Statistics Canada Statistique Canada|access-date=3 January 2023}}</ref> | region1 = {{flagcountry|Tunisia}} | pop1 = 300,000 <small>(2018)</small><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tuniscope.com/ar/article/89401/actu-arabe/arabe/lybie-553518 |script-title=ar:محمود بن رمضان: عدد الليبيين المقيمين في تونس يتراوح بين 300 و350 ألف شخص |language=ar |website=tuniscope.com |date=2018-03-06 |access-date=2024-07-06}}</ref> | region3 = {{flagcountry|Egypt}} | pop3 = 200,000 <small>(2016)</small><ref>{{cite news |title=Libyans in Egypt losing hope of returning home |url=https://thearabweekly.com/libyans-egypt-losing-hope-returning-home |access-date=7 October 2018}}</ref> | region4 = {{flagcountry|Morocco}} | pop4 = 55,000 <small>(2015)</small>{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | region2 = {{flagcountry|Algeria}} | pop2 = 250,900 <small>(2018)</small>{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | region10 = {{flagcountry|UK}} | pop10 = 14,000<ref name="migrationpolicycentre1">{{cite web |url=http://www.migrationpolicycentre.eu/docs/fact_sheets/Factsheet%20Libya.pdf |title=Migration Facts Libya April 2013 |website=EU Migration Policy Centre |access-date=26 December 2016}}</ref> | region11 = {{flagcountry|Germany}} | pop11 = 13,827<ref name="migrationpolicycentre1"/> | region15 = {{flagcountry|Malta}} | pop15 = 5,622 <small>(2017)</small> | region13 = {{flagcountry|USA}} | pop13 = 11,979 <small>(2000)</small><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/ancestry/ancestry_q_by_DAC_2000.xls |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-02-18 |archive-date=2017-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723090719/https://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/ancestry/ancestry_q_by_DAC_2000.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref> | region16 = {{flagcountry|Brazil}} | pop16 = 1,112 <small>(2024)</small><ref>[https://www.nepo.unicamp.br/observatorio/bancointerativo/numeros-imigracao-internacional/sincre-sismigra/ Immigrants in Brazil (2024, in Portuguese)]</ref> | region17 = {{flagcountry|South Africa}} | pop17 = 1,000 <small>(2019)</small>{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | region5 = {{flagcountry|Italy}} | pop5 = 54,500 <small>(2022)</small>{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | region14 = {{flagcountry|France}} | pop14 = 11,000 <small>(2021)</small>{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}} | langs = Majority: [[Arabic]] ([[Libyan Arabic]])<br>Minority: [[Berber languages|Berber]] ([[Awjila language|Awjila]], [[Nafusi language|Nafusi]], [[Tuareg languages|Tamasheq]]), [[Teda language|Teda]]<br>Foreign: [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[English language|English]], [[Greek language|Greek]] | rels = Majority: [[Sunni Islam]]<br>Minority: [[Ibadi Islam]] and [[Christianity]] }} '''Demographics of Libya''' is the [[demography]] of [[Libya]], specifically covering [[population density]], [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], and [[Religion in Libya|religious affiliations]], as well as other aspects of the Libyan population. All figures are from the United Nations Demographic Yearbooks,<ref>{{Cite web|title = United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics|url = http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|website = unstats.un.org|access-date = 2015-06-09}}</ref> unless otherwise indicated. The Libyan population resides in the country of [[Libya]], a territory located on the [[Mediterranean]] coast of [[North Africa]], to the west of and adjacent to [[Egypt]]. [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] is the capital of the country and is the city with the largest population. [[Benghazi]] is Libya's second largest city. == History == {{Main|History of Libya}}[[File:Libya-demography.png|thumb|300px|right|Demographics of Libya, Data of [[Our World in Data]], year 2021; Number of inhabitants in millions. ]] Historically [[Berbers|Berber]], over the centuries, Libya has been occupied by the [[Phoenicia]]ns, [[Greeks]], [[Ancient Rome|Romans]], [[Arabs]], and [[Italians]]. The Phoenicians had a big impact on Libya. Many of the coastal towns and cities of Libya were founded by the Phoenicians as trade outposts within the southern [[Mediterranean coast]] in order to facilitate the Phoenician business activities in the area. Starting in the 8th century [[BCE]], Libya was under the rule of the Phoenician [[Carthage]]. After the Romans defeated Carthage in the [[Third Punic War]], Libya became a Roman province under the name of Tripolitania until the 7th century CE when Libya was conquered by the [[Arab]] [[Muslims]] as part of the [[Arab conquest of North Africa]], and Arab migrations to the region began since then. In the 11th century, major migrations of [[Banu Hilal]] and [[Banu Sulaym]] from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] to [[Libya]] began, with other nomadic tribes from [[Eastern Arabia]].<ref name="Libya - People {{!}} Britannica">{{Cite web |title=Libya - People {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Libya/People |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Centuries after that, the [[Ottoman Empire]] conquered Libya in 1551. It remained in control of its territory until 1911 when the country was conquered by Italy. In the 18th century Libya was used as the base for various pirates. The story of the [[Awlad Sulayman]], an Arab group from present-day Libya dominated northern Lake Chad in the 19th century. Since the Middle Ages, the populations of this region have shared close political, economic, and social ties maintained by the mobility specific to the nomadic way of life. These relationships, fluid due to the difficulties of surviving in this difficult environment, have always been structured in turn, through conflict and cooperation, both of which produced rapidly changing alliances. In the middle of the 18th century, the [[Awlad Sulayman]] carved out a vast area of influence for themselves in Sirte and Fezzan by force of arms and by their alliances with neighboring peoples and the Libian administration. Defeated by the Ottoman administration in Tripoli at the end of the 1830s, the survivors of the [[Awlad Sulayman]] took refuge in the Lake Chad basin where they reconstituted the conditions for their success in Libya; they controlled trans-Saharan trade and maintained their links with Libian society. Despite the limits imposed on their action by the French colonization of Chad and the Italian colonization of Libia; the [[Awlad Sulayman]] retained regional influence during colonial times and appear to maintain it today. In the [[World War II|Second World War]] Libya was one of the main battlegrounds of North Africa. During the war, the territory was under an Anglo-French military government until it was overrun by the [[Axis Powers]], who, in turn, were defeated by the [[Allies (World War II)|Allies]] in 1943.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Libya - History {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Libya/History |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> In 1951, the country was granted independence by the United Nations, being governed by [[Idris of Libya|King Idris]]. In 1969, a military coup led by [[Muammar Gaddafi]] resulted in the overthrow of King Idris I. Gaddafi then established an anti-Western leadership. In 1970, Gaddafi ordered all British and American military bases closed. The Libyan population has increased rapidly after 1969. They were only 2 million in 1968, and 5 million in 2006.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=LY | title=World Bank Open Data }}</ref> Many migrant workers came to Libya since 1969. Among the workers were construction workers and laborers from [[Tunisia]], teachers and laborers from [[Egypt]], teachers from [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]], and doctors and nurses from [[Yugoslavia]] and [[Bulgaria]]. 1,000,000 workers, mainly from other neighboring African countries like [[Sudan]], [[Niger]], [[Chad]] and [[Mali]], migrated to Libya in the 1990s, after changes were made to Libya's [[Pan-Africanism|Pan-African]] policies.<ref name="Temehu">{{cite web |url=http://www.temehu.com/Libyan-People.htm |title=Libyan People & Ethnic Tribes |access-date=2011-01-04 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711061330/http://www.temehu.com/Libyan-People.htm |archive-date=11 July 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Gaddafi used money from the sale of oil to improve the living conditions of the population and to assist Palestinian [[guerrillas]] in their fight against the Israelis. In 1979, Libya fought in [[Uganda]] to assist the government of [[Idi Amin]] in the Ugandan Civil War, and in 1981, fought in the [[Libyan-Chadian War]]. Libya had occupied the [[Aozou Strip]]; however, in 1990 the [[International Court of Justice]] submitted the case and allowed the full recuperation of territory to Chad. In September 2008, Italy and Libya signed a memorandum by which Italy would pay $5 billion over the next 20 years to compensate Libya for its dominion over Libya for its reign of 30 years.<ref name="The Country">[http://www.hejleh.com/countries/libya.html The Country & People of Libya]. Posted 2003. Retrieved January 4, 2012, to 23:53 pm.</ref> Since 2011, the country is swept by [[2011 Libyan Civil War|Libyan Civil War]], which broke out between the Anti-Gaddafi rebels and the Pro-Gaddafi government in 2011, culminating in the death and overthrow of Gaddafi. Nevertheless, even today Libya still continues to generate problems within the area and beyond, greatly affecting its population and the [[European migrant crisis|migrant route to Europe]]. Under Gaddhafi the country had oil income and a level of stability, allowing birthrates to fall to 2.56 by 2010. However, with instability, the government in Libya announced population of [https://libyaupdate.com/libyas-population-is-7-7-million-announces-civil-registry-authority/ 7.7 million as of Oct 2022], indicating a substantial population boom and/or migration. Since migration is less likely, birthrates probably soared as women no longer afforded security of the old regime, about 10-15% higher than expected. ==Population== Libya has a small population residing in a large land area. Population density is about 50 persons per km<sup>2</sup> (130/sq. mi.) in the two northern regions of [[Tripolitania]] and [[Cyrenaica]], but falls to less than one person per km<sup>2</sup> (2.7/sq. mi.) elsewhere. Ninety percent of the people live in less than 10% of the area, primarily along the coast. About 90%<ref>{{cite web|url=http://araratinternational.com/libya/|title=Libya|website=araratinternational.com|access-date=1 April 2018|archive-date=6 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606064332/http://araratinternational.com/libya/|url-status=usurped}}</ref> of the population is urban, mostly concentrated in the four largest cities, [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]], [[Benghazi]], [[Misrata]] and [[Bayda, Libya|Bayda]]. As of 2019, twenty-eight percent of the population is estimated to be under the age of 15, but this proportion has decreased considerably during the past decades.<ref name="worldbank">{{Cite web|title=Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) - Libya {{!}} Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS?locations=LY|access-date=2021-05-07|website=data.worldbank.org}}</ref> The majority of the population of Libya is composed of [[Arabs]].<ref name="Libya - People {{!}} Britannica"/><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6IOKAwAAQBAJ&pg=RA6-PA144 |title=Libya|date=2014-05-01 |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica |isbn=978-1-62513-172-0 |pages=144 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Morgan |first1=Jason |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R65iYMCuK6gC&pg=PA126 |title=Culture and Customs of Libya |last2=Falola |first2=Toyin |last3=Oyeniyi |first3=Bukola A. |date=2012-05-03 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-37860-7 |pages=126 |language=en}}</ref> Eight population censuses have been carried out in Libya, the first in 1931 and the most recent one in 2006.<ref>B.R. Mitchell. International historical statistics: Africa, Asia & Oceania 1750-2000.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|title=United nations. Demographic Yearbooks 1948-2008 |website=un.org|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref> The population multiplied sixfold between 1931 and 2006. {|class=wikitable |- !Year ! style="width:80pt;"| Males (thousands) ! style="width:80pt;"| Females (thousands) ! style="width:80pt;"| Total population (thousands) ! style="width:80pt;"| Average annual growth rate (%) |- |1931 | style="text-align:right;"| | style="text-align:right;"| | style="text-align:right;"|704 | style="text-align:right;"| |- |1936 | style="text-align:right;"|463 | style="text-align:right;"|386 | style="text-align:right;"|849 | style="text-align:right;"|3.8 |- |1954 | style="text-align:right;"|564 | style="text-align:right;"|524 | style="text-align:right;"|1,089 | style="text-align:right;"|1.4 |- |1964 (July 31) | style="text-align:right;"|813 | style="text-align:right;"|751 | style="text-align:right;"|1,564 | style="text-align:right;"|3.7 |- |1973 (July 31) | style="text-align:right;"|1,192 | style="text-align:right;"|1,057 | style="text-align:right;"|2,249 | style="text-align:right;"|4.1 |- |1984 (July 31) | style="text-align:right;"|1,954 | style="text-align:right;"|1,689 | style="text-align:right;"|3,643 | style="text-align:right;"|4.5 |- |1995 (August 11) | style="text-align:right;"|2,237 | style="text-align:right;"|2,168 | style="text-align:right;"|4,405 | style="text-align:right;"|1.7 |- |2006 (April 15) | style="text-align:right;"|2,934 | style="text-align:right;"|2,723 | style="text-align:right;"|5,658 | style="text-align:right;"|2.3 |} ==Age distribution== [[File:Libyan.jpg|thumb|Libyan young men in [[Bayda, Libya|Bayda]]. In 2019, about 28 % of the population was under the age of 15.]] {| class="wikitable" |- !rowspan=2| Year !rowspan=2| Total population<br>({{times}}1000) !colspan=3|Population in age bracket |- ! aged 0–14 ! aged 15–64 ! aged 65+ |- | 1950 |align=right| {{nts|1029}} | {{percentage bar|41.9}} | {{percentage bar|53.4}} | {{percentage bar|4.7}} |- | 1955 |align=right| {{nts|1126}} | {{percentage bar|43.0}} | {{percentage bar|52.7}} | {{percentage bar|4.3}} |- | 1960 |align=right| {{nts|1349}} | {{percentage bar|43.3}} | {{percentage bar|52.7}} | {{percentage bar|4.0}} |- | 1965 |align=right| {{nts|1623}} | {{percentage bar|43.4}} | {{percentage bar|53.0}} | {{percentage bar|3.6}} |- | 1970 |align=right| {{nts|1994}} | {{percentage bar|45.2}} | {{percentage bar|52.1}} | {{percentage bar|2.7}} |- | 1975 |align=right| {{nts|2466}} | {{percentage bar|46.5}} | {{percentage bar|51.3}} | {{percentage bar|2.2}} |- | 1980 |align=right| {{nts|3063}} | {{percentage bar|47.0}} | {{percentage bar|50.7}} | {{percentage bar|2.2}} |- | 1985 |align=right| {{nts|3850}} | {{percentage bar|47.3}} | {{percentage bar|50.5}} | {{percentage bar|2.3}} |- | 1990 |align=right| {{nts|4334}} | {{percentage bar|43.5}} | {{percentage bar|53.9}} | {{percentage bar|2.6}} |- | 1995 |align=right| {{nts|4775}} | {{percentage bar|38.3}} | {{percentage bar|58.8}} | {{percentage bar|2.9}} |- | 2000 |align=right| {{nts|5231}} | {{percentage bar|32.4}} | {{percentage bar|64.2}} | {{percentage bar|3.4}} |- | 2005 |align=right| {{nts|5770}} | {{percentage bar|30.6}} | {{percentage bar|65.6}} | {{percentage bar|3.8}} |- | 2010 |align=right| {{nts|6355}} | {{percentage bar|30.4}} | {{percentage bar|65.3}} | {{percentage bar|4.3}} |}{{citation needed|date=July 2014}} Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (1.VII.2015) (Data refer to Libyan nationals only.):<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/|title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics|website=unstats.un.org}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! width="80pt"|Age Group ! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80pt"|Female ! width="80pt"|Total ! width="80pt"|% |- | align="right" | '''Total''' | align="right" | '''3 129 026''' | align="right" | '''3 033 221''' | align="right" | '''6 162 247''' | align="right" | '''100''' |- | align="right" | 0–4 | align="right" | 316 497 | align="right" | 299 059 | align="right" | 615 556 | align="right" | 9.99 |- | align="right" | 5–9 | align="right" | 297 303 | align="right" | 280 602 | align="right" | 577 905 | align="right" | 9.38 |- | align="right" | 10–14 | align="right" | 284 318 | align="right" | 270 831 | align="right" | 555 149 | align="right" | 9.01 |- | align="right" | 15–19 | align="right" | 268 106 | align="right" | 257 009 | align="right" | 525 115 | align="right" | 8.52 |- | align="right" | 20–24 | align="right" | 278 875 | align="right" | 267 533 | align="right" | 546 408 | align="right" | 8.87 |- | align="right" | 25–29 | align="right" | 289 113 | align="right" | 282 117 | align="right" | 571 230 | align="right" | 9.27 |- | align="right" | 30–34 | align="right" | 287 480 | align="right" | 281 354 | align="right" | 568 834 | align="right" | 9.23 |- | align="right" | 35–39 | align="right" | 279 699 | align="right" | 271 907 | align="right" | 551 606 | align="right" | 8.95 |- | align="right" | 40–44 | align="right" | 235 088 | align="right" | 231 285 | align="right" | 466 373 | align="right" | 7.57 |- | align="right" | 45–49 | align="right" | 180 029 | align="right" | 180 796 | align="right" | 360 825 | align="right" | 5.86 |- | align="right" | 50–54 | align="right" | 126 799 | align="right" | 126 848 | align="right" | 253 647 | align="right" | 4.12 |- | align="right" | 55–59 | align="right" | 87 135 | align="right" | 86 625 | align="right" | 173 760 | align="right" | 2.82 |- | align="right" | 60–64 | align="right" | 56 199 | align="right" | 59 834 | align="right" | 116 033 | align="right" | 1.89 |- | align="right" | 65–69 | align="right" | 51 782 | align="right" | 50 863 | align="right" | 102 645 | align="right" | 1.67 |- | align="right" | 70–74 | align="right" | 38 750 | align="right" | 33 736 | align="right" | 72 486 | align="right" | 1.18 |- | align="right" | 75-79 | align="right" | 26 942 | align="right" | 25 616 | align="right" | 52 558 | align="right" | 0.85 |- | align="right" | 80-84 | align="right" | 15 038 | align="right" | 15 233 | align="right" | 30 271 | align="right" | 0.49 |- | align="right" | 85+ | align="right" | 9 873 | align="right" | 11 973 | align="right" | 21 846 | align="right" | 0.35 |- ! width="50"|Age group ! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80"|Female ! width="80"|Total ! width="50"|Percent |- | align="right" | 0–14 | align="right" | 898 118 | align="right" | 850 492 | align="right" | 1 748 610 | align="right" | 28.38 |- | align="right" | 15–64 | align="right" | 2 088 523 | align="right" | 2 045 308 | align="right" | 4 133 831 | align="right" | 67.08 |- | align="right" | 65+ | align="right" | 142 385 | align="right" | 137 421 | align="right" | 279 806 | align="right" | 4.54 |- |} {{GraphChart | width = 450 | height = 150 | xAxisTitle=year | yAxisTitle= million | yAxisMin= | yGrid= 0,1 | xGrid= 10 | legend= | type = line | x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 | y1= 1.13,1.14,1.16,1.18,1.2,1.23,1.26,1.3,1.34,1.38,1.43,1.48,1.54,1.6,1.65,1.7,1.74,1.78,1.82,1.86,1.91,1.96,2.01,2.08,2.18,2.29,2.41,2.54,2.68,2.82,2.96,3.11,3.27, 3.42,3.57,3.68,3.8,3.91,4.02,4.13,4.24,4.34,4.45,4.55,4.64,4.73,4.82,4.9,4.98,5.06,5.16,5.28,5.41,5.54,5.69,5.84,5.97,6.1,6.23,6.36,6.49,6.19,5.87,5.99,6.1,6.19, 6.28,6.38,6.48,6.57,6.65,6.74 | y1Title= population (million) }} {{GraphChart | width = 450 | height = 150 | xAxisTitle=years | yAxisTitle= ‰ | yAxisMin= | yGrid= 0,1 | xGrid= 10 | hAnnotatonsLine= | hAnnotatonsLabel= | legend= | type = line | x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 | y1= 15.2,15.3,15.2,15.9,16.6,17.6,18.8,20.1,21.5,22.9,24.5,26.3,28.2,30.0,31.8,32.9,33.3,33.1,33.0,33.0,32.9,32.9,32.6,32.4,33.2,33.2,33.2,33.1,33.0,32.9, 31.7,30.6,30.1,29.6,29.1,28.8,28.4,27.7,26.9,25.9,24.8,23.7,22.7,21.6,20.7,20.0,19.3,18.5,17.8,17.2,16.5,17.9,18.1,18.4,18.8,19.1,19.3,19.1,19.0,18.7,19.1,18.4,6.9,16.8,16.5,15.8,15.1,14.6,14.0,13.3,12.7,11.8 | y1Title=Natural change (per 1000) }} {{GraphChart | width = 450 | height = 150 | xAxisTitle=years | yAxisTitle= ‰ | yAxisMin= | yGrid= 0,1 | xGrid= 10 | hAnnotatonsLine= | hAnnotatonsLabel= | legend= | type = line | x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 | y1= 232.8,233.9,235.4,235.3,233.5,230.1,225.1,218.5,210.3,200.9,190.4,179.3,168.1,157.5,147.0,137.8,129.5,121.5,113.8,106.7,99.8,93.4,87.5,82.1,77.2,72.6,68.6, 64.9,61.6,58.6,55.8,53.2,50.8,48.5,46.3,44.2,42.0,40.0,38.1,36.2,34.4,32.7,31.3,29.9,28.7,27.7,26.7,25.8,25.1,24.3,23.7,23.0,22.4,21.6,20.7,19.7,18.5,17.2,16.1,15.1,14.2,15.0,13.0,12.5,12.3,11.9,11.5,10.9,10.5,10.4,9.9,9.3 | y1Title=Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) }} {{GraphChart | width = 450 | height = 150 | xAxisTitle=years | yAxisTitle= TFR | yAxisMin= | yGrid= 0,1 | xGrid= 10 | hAnnotatonsLine= | hAnnotatonsLabel= | legend= | type = line | x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 | y1= 6.93,6.94,6.95,7.03,7.08,7.14,7.20,7.26,7.31,7.33,7.37,7.45,7.55,7.70,7.82,7.91,7.99,8.02,8.05,8.08,8.10,8.13,8.10,8.07,8.02,7.96,7.90,7.82,7.71,7.58, 7.22,7.02,6.83,6.63,6.44,6.24,6.02,5.79,5.53,5.26,4.97,4.67,4.38,4.11,3.86,3.64,3.44,3.27,3.11,2.97,2.85,2.97,2.91,2.86,2.81,2.77,2.70,2.65,2.60,2.56,2.60,2.65,2.68,2.72,2.75,2.71,2.67,2.63,2.58,2.54,2.51,2.46 | y1Title=Total Fertility Rate }} ==Vital statistics== During the past 60 years the demographic situation of Libya changed considerably. Since the 1950s, life expectancy increased steadily and the infant mortality rates decreased. As the fertility rates remained high until the 1980s (the number of births tripled between 1950–55 and 1980–85), population growth was very high for three decades. However, after 1985 a fast decrease in fertility was observed from over 7 children per woman in the beginning of the 1980s to less than 3 in 2005–2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mccune.com/twice8e01/bridgecbea/florida83dc/29485232cd09a46e26fa030f4418be |title=Major ethnic groups in Libya |date=July 25, 2022 |access-date=September 22, 2022 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922161914/https://www.mccune.com/twice8e01/bridgecbea/florida83dc/29485232cd09a46e26fa030f4418be |url-status=dead }}</ref> Because of this decrease in fertility the population growth slowed down and also the proportion of Libyans under the age of 15 decreased from 45% in 1985 to 29% in 2010.<ref name="worldbank"/> Notable events in demography of Libya: * 2011 – [[Libyan civil war (2011)|Libyan civil war]] ===UN estimates=== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" ! style="width:80pt;" |Period !Population<br />(thousands) ! style="width:80pt;" |Live births <br />(thousands) ! style="width:80pt;" |Deaths <br />(thousands) ! style="width:80pt;" |Natural change<br /> (thousands) ! style="width:80pt;" |CBR{{efn-lr|name=h}} ! style="width:80pt;" |CDR{{efn-lr|name=h}} ! style="width:80pt;" |NC{{efn-lr|name=h}} ! style="width:80pt;" |Crude migration rate (per 1000) ! style="width:80pt;" |TFR{{efn-lr|name=h}} ! style="width:80pt;" |IMR{{efn-lr|name=h}} ! style="width:80pt;" |Life expectancy (years) |- |1950 |1 131 |53 | 36 | 17 |47.0 |31.8 |15.2 | |6.93 |232.8 |33.59 |- |1951 | 1 143 |54 | 36 | 17 |47.1 |31.8 |15.3 | -4.7 |6.94 |233.9 |33.55 |- |1952 | 1 158 |55 | 37 | 18 |47.3 |32.1 |15.2 | -2.1 |6.95 |235.4 |33.31 |- |1953 | 1 176 | 56 | 38 | 19 |47.9 |32.0 |15.9 | -0.4 |7.03 |235.3 |33.47 |- |1954 | 1 198 | 58 | 38 | 20 |48.4 |31.8 |16.6 | 2.1 |7.08 |233.5 |33.78 |- |1955 | 1 226 | 60 | 38 | 21 |48.9 |31.4 |17.6 | 5.8 |7.14 |230.1 |34.29 |- |1956 | 1 259 | 62 | 38 | 24 |49.4 |30.7 |18.8 | 8.1 |7.20 |225.1 |35.12 |- |1957 | 1 296 | 64 | 38 | 26 |49.9 |29.8 |20.1 | 9.3 |7.26 |218.5 |36.08 |- |1958 | 1 336 | 67 | 38 | 29 |50.2 |28.7 |21.5 | 9.4 |7.31 |210.3 |37.28 |- |1959 | 1 379 | 69 | 38 | 31 |50.3 |27.4 |22.9 | 9.3 |7.33 |200.9 |38.75 |- |1960 | 1 427 | 72 | 37 | 35 |50.5 |26.0 |24.5 | 10.3 |7.37 |190.4 |40.27 |- |1961 | 1 479 | 75 | 36 | 39 |50.7 |24.4 |26.3 | 10.1 |7.45 |179.3 |42.06 |- |1962 | 1 535 | 78 | 35 | 43 |51.1 |22.9 |28.2 | 9.7 |7.55 |168.1 |43.84 |- |1963 | 1 595 | 82 | 34 | 48 |51.7 |21.7 |30.0 | 9.1 |7.70 |157.5 |45.31 |- |1964 | 1 652 | 86 | 33 | 52 |style="color:blue"|52.0 |20.2 |31.8 | 3.9 |7.82 |147.0 |47.14 |- |1965 | 1 700 | 89 | 32 | 56 |51.9 |19.0 |32.9 | -3.8 |7.91 |137.8 |48.66 |- |1966 | 1 740 | 90 | 31 | 58 |51.2 |17.8 |style="color:blue"|33.3 | -9.8 |7.99 |129.5 |50.13 |- |1967 | 1 779 | 89 | 30 | 59 |49.9 |16.8 |33.1 | -10.7 |8.02 |121.5 |51.39 |- |1968 | 1 819 | 89 | 29 | 60 |48.6 |15.6 |33.0 | -10.5 |8.05 |113.8 |52.71 |- |1969 | 1 863 | 89 | 27 | 62 |47.5 |14.5 |33.0 | -8.8 |8.08 |106.7 |54.00 |- |1970 | 1 909 | 89 | 26 | 63 |46.4 |13.5 |32.9 | -8.2 |8.10 |99.8 |55.19 |- |1971 | 1 958 | 89 | 25 | 65 |45.5 |12.6 |32.9 | -7.2 |style="color:blue"|8.13 |93.4 |56.34 |- |1972 | 2 013 | 89 | 24 | 66 |44.3 |11.7 |32.6 | -4.5 |8.10 |87.5 |57.49 |- |1973 | 2 084 | 90 | 23 | 67 |43.4 |11.0 |32.4 | 2.9 |8.07 |82.1 |58.29 |- |1974 | 2 179 | 94 | 22 | 72 |43.3 |10.1 |33.2 | 12.4 |8.02 |77.2 |59.59 |- |1975 | 2 292 | 97 | 21 | 75 |42.6 |9.4 |33.2 | 18.7 |7.96 |72.6 |60.81 |- |1976 | 2 414 | 100 | 21 | 80 |41.9 |8.6 |33.2 | 20.0 |7.90 |68.6 |62.06 |- |1977 | 2 542 | 104 | 21 | 83 |41.3 |8.2 |33.1 | 19.9 |7.82 |64.9 |62.79 |- |1978 | 2 676 | 108 |style="color:blue"| 20 | 88 |40.7 |7.7 |33.0 | 19.7 |7.71 |61.6 |63.57 |- |1979 | 2 817 | 112 | 20 | 92 |40.1 |7.3 |32.9 | 19.8 |7.58 |58.6 |64.26 |- |1980 | 2 963 | 113 | 20 | 93 |38.5 |6.9 |31.7 | style="color:blue"|20.1 |7.22 |55.8 |64.89 |- |1981 | 3 112 | 115 | 20 | 94 |37.1 |6.5 |30.6 | 19.7 |7.02 |53.2 |65.36 |- |1982 | 3 265 | 118 | 20 | 97 |36.3 |6.3 |30.1 | 19.1 |6.83 |50.8 |65.81 |- |1983 | 3 424 | 121 | 20 | 100 |35.6 |6.0 |29.6 | 19.1 |6.63 |48.5 |66.41 |- |1984 | 3 565 | 124 | 20 | 103 |34.8 |5.7 |29.1 | 12.1 |6.44 |46.3 |66.87 |- |1985 | 3 684 | 126 | 20 | 106 |34.4 |5.5 |28.8 | 4.6 |6.24 |44.2 |67.29 |- |1986 | 3 800 | 128 | 20 | 108 |33.7 |5.3 |28.4 | 3.1 |6.02 |42.0 |67.77 |- |1987 | 3 912 | 128 | 20 | 108 |32.9 |5.1 |27.7 | 1.8 |5.79 |40.0 |68.20 |- |1988 | 4 022 | 128 | 20 | 108 |31.9 |5.0 |26.9 | 1.2 |5.53 |38.1 |68.62 |- |1989 | 4 130 | 127 | 20 | 107 |30.7 |4.8 |25.9 | 1.0 |5.26 |36.2 |68.99 |- |1990 | 4 237 | 125 | 20 | 105 |29.5 |4.7 |24.8 | 1.1 |4.97 |34.4 |69.42 |- |1991 | 4 342 | 123 | 20 | 103 |28.3 |4.5 |23.7 | 1.1 |4.67 |32.7 |69.82 |- |1992 | 4 445 | 120 | 20 | 101 |27.1 |4.4 |22.7 | 1.0 |4.38 |31.3 |70.23 |- |1993 | 4 545 | 118 | 20 | 98 |25.9 |4.3 |21.6 | 0.9 |4.11 |29.9 |70.42 |- |1994 | 4 641 | 116 | 20 | 96 |24.9 |4.3 |20.7 | 0.4 |3.86 |28.7 |70.71 |- |1995 | 4 733 | 114 | 20 | 94 |24.1 |style="color:blue"|4.2 |20.0 | -0.2 |3.64 |27.7 |71.09 |- |1996 | 4 820 | 113 | 20 | 93 |23.5 |4.2 |19.3 | -0.9 |3.44 |26.7 |71.28 |- |1997 | 4 902 | 112 | 21 | 91 |22.8 |4.3 |18.5 | -1.5 |3.27 |25.8 |71.13 |- |1998 | 4 981 | 111 | 22 | 89 |22.2 |4.4 |17.8 | -1.7 |3.11 |25.1 |71.08 |- |1999 | 5 058 | 110 | 23 | 87 |21.6 |4.5 |17.2 | -1.7 |2.97 |24.3 |71.06 |- |2000 | 5 155 | 109 | 24 | 85 |21.2 |4.7 |16.5 | 2.7 |2.85 |23.7 |70.68 |- |2001 | 5 276 | 119 | 25 | 94 |22.6 |4.7 |17.9 | 5.6 |2.97 |23.0 |70.86 |- |2002 | 5 405 | 123 | 25 | 98 |22.8 |4.7 |18.1 | 6.4 |2.91 |22.4 |71.00 |- |2003 | 5 543 | 127 | 26 | 102 |23.1 |4.7 |18.4 | 7.1 |2.86 |21.6 |71.13 |- |2004 | 5 688 | 132 | 26 | 106 |23.3 |4.5 |18.8 | 7.4 |2.81 |20.7 |71.49 |- |2005 | 5 838 | 138 | 26 | 111 |23.6 |4.5 |19.1 | 7.3 |2.77 |19.7 |71.59 |- |2006 | 5 973 | 142 | 27 | 115 |23.8 |4.5 |19.3 | 3.8 |2.70 |18.5 |71.72 |- |2007 | 6 097 | 144 | 27 | 116 |23.6 |4.5 |19.1 | 1.7 |2.65 |17.2 |71.86 |- |2008 | 6 228 | 146 | 27 | 118 |23.4 |4.4 |19.0 | 2.5 |2.60 |16.1 |72.27 |- |2009 | 6 360 | 147 | 28 | 119 |23.1 |4.4 |18.7 | 2.5 |2.56 |15.1 |72.36 |- |2010 | 6 492 | 153 | 29 |style="color:blue"| 124 |23.6 |4.5 |19.1 | 1.7 |2.60 |14.2 |72.37 |- |2011 | 6 188 |style="color:blue"| 158 | 36 | 122 |23.9 |5.5 |18.4 | -65.2 |2.65 |15.0 |70.07 |- |2012 | 5 870 | 129 | 29 | 99 |22.0 |5.0 |16.9 |style="color:red"| -68.3 |2.68 |13.0 |72.25 |- |2013 | 5 985 | 131 | 30 | 101 |21.9 |5.1 |16.8 | 2.8 |2.72 |12.5 |72.34 |- |2014 | 6 098 | 134 | 33 | 101 |21.9 |5.4 |16.5 | 2.4 |2.75 |12.3 |71.51 |- |2015 | 6 192 | 131 | 34 | 98 |21.2 |5.4 |15.8 | -0.4 |2.71 |11.9 |71.70 |- |2016 | 6 282 | 129 | 34 | 95 |20.6 |5.5 |15.1 | -0.6 |2.67 |11.5 |71.76 |- |2017 | 6 378 | 127 | 34 | 93 |19.9 |5.3 |14.6 | 0.7 |2.63 |10.9 |72.48 |- |2018 | 6 478 | 125 | 34 | 91 |19.3 |5.2 |14.0 | 1.7 |2.58 |10.5 |72.79 |- |2019 | 6 569 | 123 | 36 | 87 |18.7 |5.5 |13.3 | 0.7 |2.54 |10.4 |72.46 |- |2020 | 6 999 | 132 | 39 | 93 |18.7 |5.5 |13.2 | -0.1 |2.51 |9.6 |72.4 |- |2021 | 7 092 | 130 |style="color:red"|42 | 88 |18.2 |5.8 |12.3 | -0.1 |2.46 |9.0 |72.1 |- |2022 | 7 179 | 127 | 35 | 92 |17.7 |4.8 |12.7 | -0.3 |2.40 |8.7 |74.5 |- |2023 | 7 269 | 124 | 49 | 76 |17.0 |6.7 |10.4 | -0.3 |2.36 |16.0 |69.3 |- | colspan="11" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:left" |{{notelist-lr|refs=<ref name="h">'''CBR''' = crude birth rate (per 1000); '''CDR''' = crude death rate (per 1000); '''NC''' = natural change (per 1000); '''TFR''' = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); '''IMR''' = infant mortality rate per 1000 births</ref>}} |} Source: [[UN DESA]], World Population Prospects, 2022<ref>{{cite UN WPP|2022|rows=4109:4180|cols=M,X,AE,S,AH,S,AA,AV,AI}}</ref> ===Life expectancy=== [[File:Life expectancy in Libya.svg|thumb|[[Life expectancy]] in Libya since 1950]] [[File:Life expectancy by WBG -Libya -diff.png|thumb|Life expectancy in Libya since 1960 by gender]] ==Ethnic groups== [[File:Libya ethnic.svg|thumb|300px|Ethnic composition of the Libyan population in 1974 (CIA map) {{legend|#D4B56E|[[Arabs|Arab]] and [[Arab-Berber]]}} {{legend|#FF951E|[[Berber people|Berber]]}} {{legend|#D66DFF|[[Tuareg people|Tuareg]]}} {{legend|#B6FF70|[[Toubou people|Toubou]]}} {{legend|#c8c8c8|Uninhabited}} ]] 97% of Libya's population is made up of [[Arabs]] and [[Berbers]],<ref name="CIATONGA">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/libya/|title= Africa :: LIBYA|date= 19 April 2022|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref> of which 92% are Arabs, 5% are Berbers.<ref name="Population of Libya"/> The remaining ethnic groups consist of Tuaregs and Toubou people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Libya - IWGIA - International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs |url=https://www.iwgia.org/en/libya.html |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=www.iwgia.org}}</ref> {{Pie chart|caption=Ethnic groups in Libya<ref name="Population of Libya">{{Cite web |title=Population of Libya |url=https://fanack.com/libya/population-of-libya/ |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=Fanack.com |language=en-US}}</ref>|color1=DarkGreen|label1=[[Arabs]]|label2=[[Berbers]]|value1=92|value2=5 |color2=Yellow |color3=LightBlue |label3=Others|value3=3}} The majority of the population of Libya is primarily [[Arabs|Arab]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population of Libya |url=https://fanack.com/libya/population/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226184215/https://fanack.com/libya/population/ |archive-date=2021-02-26 |access-date=2019-06-27 |website=Fanack.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Unofficial estimates put the number of [[Berbers]] in Libya at around 600,000, about 10% of the population of Libya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zurutuza |first=Karlos |title=Berbers fear ethnic conflict |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/1/6/libyas-berbers-fear-ethnic-conflict |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref> Among the Berber groups are the minority Berber populations of [[Zuwarah]] and the [[Nafusa Mountains]],<ref name="Ghadamès" /> and the nomadic [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]], who inhabit the southwestern areas as well as parts of southeastern [[Algeria]], northern [[Mali]], [[Niger]] and [[Burkina Faso]].<ref name="Ghadamès">{{Cite web |title=Ghadamès |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/gha |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=Ethnologue |language=en}}</ref> In the southeast, also there are small populations of [[Toubou people|Toubou]] (Tibbu). They inhabit about a quarter of the country and are also found in [[Chad]] and [[Niger]]. The [[Zaghawa people|Zaghawa]] are another smaller minority ethnic group that is found along the southeastern border of Libya with Chad and [[Sudan]].<ref>{{Cite thesis|url=https://cache.kzoo.edu/items/566f0927-017c-40c6-ab39-fcbf102003cb|title=Embracing Islam: The Zaghawa People's Transformation of Beliefs and Tradition in Chad|date=November 2023 |publisher=Kalamazoo College|access-date=22 October 2024 |last1=Amir |first1=Darsalam }}</ref> Among foreign residents, the largest groups are from other [[Africa]]n nations, including citizens of other [[North Africa]]n nations (primarily [[Egypt]]ians) and [[West Africa]]ns. There are also a significant number of [[Kouloughlis|Kouloughli]] families, who are descended of various ethnic groups like [[Turkish people|Turks]], [[Circassians]] and some [[Bosniaks]] and [[Albanians]]. ===Tribal groups=== Libyan society is to a large extent structured along [[tribe|tribal]] lines, with more than 20 major tribal groups.<ref name="af.reuters.com">{{cite web|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/idAFLDE71L2K720110222|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716000305/http://af.reuters.com/article/idAFLDE71L2K720110222 |archive-date=16 July 2011|title=UPDATE 1-FACTBOX-Tribal ties key to Gaddafi rule|work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref> The major tribal groups of Libya in 2011 were listed:<ref name="af.reuters.com"/> *[[Tripolitania|Tripolitan]] settled tribes: Misurata Ahali, Misurata Karagula, Geryan, Zawia, Misalata, Zwara Berber, Khumus *[[Tripolitania|Tripolitan]] Bedouin tribes: [[Warfalla]], Tarhona, [[Zintan|Al-Zintan]], Al-Rijban, Awlad Suleiman *[[Cyrenaica]]n Bedouin tribes: Al-Awagir, Al-Abaydat, Drasa, Al-Barasa, Al-Fawakhir, [[Zuwayya|Al-Zuwayya]], Al-Majabra *[[Sirte]] Bedouin: Awlad Suleiman, [[Qadhadhfa]], [[Magarha|Al-Magarha]], Al-Magharba, Al-Riyyah, Al-Haraba, Al-Zuwaid, Al-Guwaid *[[Fezzan]]: Awlad Suleiman, Hutman, Hassawna, [[Toubou people|Toubou]], [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]] *[[Kufra District|Kufra]]: [[Zuwayya|Al-Zuwayya]]; [[Toubou people|Toubou]] Some of the ancient Berber tribes include: Adyrmachidae, Auschisae, Es'bet, Temeh'u, Teh'nu, Rebu, Kehek, KeyKesh, Imukehek, Meshwesh, Macetae, Macatutae, Nasamones, Nitriotae, and Tautamaei.<ref name="Temehu"/> {{As of|2012}} the major tribal groups of Libya, by region, were as follows:<ref>Souhail Karam, Jon Hemming, Tribal ties key to Gaddafi rule, Reuters (2011)[https://web.archive.org/web/20110716000305/http://af.reuters.com/article/idAFLDE71L2K720110222]</ref> * [[Tripolitania]]: alawana-Souk El Joma'a, AL-Mahameed, Warfalla, Tarhona, Misurata tribes, Al-Jawary, Siyan Tribe, The Warshfana tribes, Zawia Groups, Ghryan Tribes, AL-Asabea, Al-Fwatir, Awlad Busayf, Zintan, Al-jbalya, Zwara, Alajelat, Al-Nawael tribe, Alalqa tribe, Al-Rijban, al Mashashi, Amaym. * [[Cyrenaica]]: AJ-JWAZY, Al-Awagir, Magharba, Al-Abaydat, Drasa, Al-Barasa, Al-Fawakhir, Zuwayya, Majabra, Awama, Minfa, Taraki, alawana, Shwa'ir and in Kufra Zuwayya, [[Toubou people|Toubou]]. * [[Sirte District|Sirte]]: Awlad Suleiman, Qadhadhfa, Magharba, Al-Hosoon, Ferrjan * [[Fezzan]]: Awlad Suleiman, Al-Riyyah, Magarha, Al-Zuwaid, Al-Hutman, Al-Hassawna; Toubou, [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]]. * [[Kufra District|Kufra]]: Zuwayya; Toubou. ===Foreign population=== {{unreferenced section|date=June 2020}} [[File:Building house.jpg|thumb|Migrant workers from [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]]] As of 2020 the foreign population is estimated at 12%,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Libya: migrants as share of population 2000-2020 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231180/international-migrants-as-a-share-of-total-population-in-libya/ |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=Statista |language=en}}</ref> most of whom are [[migrant worker]]s in the oil industry from [[Tunisia]] and [[Egypt]], but also including small numbers of [[Greeks]], [[Maltese people|Maltese]], [[Italians]], [[Pakistanis]], [[Palestinians]], [[Turkish people|Turks]], [[Indian people|Indians]], and people from former [[Yugoslavs|Yugoslavia]]. Due to the [[2011 Libyan Civil War|Libyan Civil War]], most of these migrant workers have returned to their homelands or simply left the country for a different one, however a good minority still work in Libya. According to news accounts in Allafrica.com, and the Libya Herald, between 1 million and 2 million [[Egyptians]] are resident in Libya with [[Demographics of Sudan|Sudanese]] and [[Tunisians]] numbering in the hundreds to thousands. There are also up to a million undocumented migrants mainly from [[Sub-Saharan Africa]] residing in Libya. The Tunisian population in Libya, is estimate and around 211,000<ref>{{cite news |date=23 February 2025|title=Tunisian Arab in Libya|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/15641/LY |work=joshuaproject.net|first=|last=|access-date=23 February 2025}}</ref> ===Genetics=== ====Y-chromosome==== Analysis of Y-chromosome have found that the Libyan population is characterized by the high frequency of [[Haplogroup J-M267|haplogroup J1-P58]] (37.2%)<ref name="auto">{{Cite journal |last1=Fadhlaoui-Zid |first1=Karima |last2=Haber |first2=Marc |last3=Martínez-Cruz |first3=Begoña |last4=Zalloua |first4=Pierre |last5=Benammar Elgaaied |first5=Amel |last6=Comas |first6=David |date=2013-11-27 |editor-last=Arthofer |editor-first=Wolfgang |title=Genome-Wide and Paternal Diversity Reveal a Recent Origin of Human Populations in North Africa |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=8 |issue=11 |pages=e80293 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0080293 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=3842387 |pmid=24312208 |bibcode=2013PLoSO...880293F |doi-access=free }}</ref> and [[Haplogroup E-M215 (Y-DNA)|haplogroup E-M81]] (33%).<ref name="auto" /> Listed here are the [[human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups]] in Libya taken from a sample of 215 unrelated males.<ref name="auto" /> {| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:middle;" |- ! Y-Haplogroup ! Frequency ! Percentage |- | J1-P58 | 80 | {{percentage bar|37.21}} |- | E1-M81(xM107, M165) | 71 | {{percentage bar|33.02}} |- | [[Haplogroup E-V68|E1-M78]] | 29 | {{percentage bar|13.49}} |- | [[Haplogroup G-M201#G2 (P287)|G2-P15]] | 11 | {{percentage bar|5.12}} |- | [[Haplogroup J-M172#Subclade distribution|J2-M158]] | 7 | {{percentage bar|3.26}} |- | R1b-M343 | 5 | {{percentage bar|2.33}} |- | E1-M123 | 4 | {{percentage bar|1.86}} |- | E1-M2 | 3 | {{percentage bar|1.40}} |- | J2-M92 | 2 | {{percentage bar|0.93}} |- | E1-M35(xM78, M81, M123) | 2 | {{percentage bar|0.93}} |- | R1a | 1 | {{percentage bar|0.47}} |- | Total | 215 | {{percentage bar|100.00}} |} ==Religions== {{bar box |title=Religions of Libya<ref name="CIATONGA"/> |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Religions |right1=percent |float=right |bars= {{bar percent|[[Islam in Libya|Sunni Islam]] (Official)|Green|96.6}} {{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|blue|2.7}} {{bar percent|[[Folk religion]]|yellow|0.1}} {{bar percent|Unspecified |grey|0.2}} {{bar percent|Other |black|0.1}} }} The vast majority Libyans are nominally [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslim]]. Almost 3% of the population is [[Christianity|Christian]], with some local Christian church adherents in Eastern Libya - the [[Copts in Libya|Copts]]. A small Jewish community historically lived in Libya since antiquity (see [[History of the Jews in Libya]]), but almost the entire Jewish community in Libya eventually [[Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries|fled]] the country for [[Italy]], [[Israel]], or the [[United States]], particularly after [[anti-Jewish riots]] in the wake of the 1967 [[Six-Day War]] between Arab countries and Israel. The final Jew in Libya, Esmeralda Meghnagi, died in 2002 ending the several millennia long Jewish ancestral body in Libya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jews of Libya |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jews-of-libya |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}</ref> ==Language== {{Main|Languages of Libya}} The official language of Libya is [[Standard Arabic]], while the most prevalent spoken language is [[Libyan Arabic]]. Arabic varieties are partly spoken by immigrant workers and partly by local Libyan populations. These varieties include [[Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian]], [[Tunisian Arabic|Tunisian]], [[Sudanese Arabic|Sudanese]], [[Moroccan Arabic|Moroccan]], [[Yemeni Arabic|Yemeni]], [[Hassaniya Arabic|Hassaniya]] and [[South Levantine Arabic]]. Minority [[Berber languages]] are still spoken by the Tuareg, a rural Berber population inhabiting Libya's south,<ref name="Libwe">{{cite web |title=Libyan People |url=http://www.libyaweb.com/people.html |access-date=1 April 2018 |website=www.libyaweb.com}}</ref> and is spoken by about 300,000 in the north, about 5% of the Libyan population.<ref name="Ghadamès"/> Indigenous minority languages in Libya:<ref>{{in lang|en}} [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=LY Ethnologue report for Libya], Languages of Libya</ref> *[[Berber languages]]: ca. 305,000 speakers (5% of the population) **[[Nafusi language|Nafusi]]: 184,000 speakers (2006) (3%) **[[Tamahaq]]: 47,000 speakers (2006) (<1%) **[[Ghadamès language|Ghadamès]]: 30,000 speakers (2006) (<1%) **[[Sawknah]]: 5,600 speakers (2006) (<1%) **[[Awjilah language|Awjilah]]: 3,000 speakers (2000) (<1%) *[[Domari]]: ca. 33,000 speakers (2006) (<1%) *[[Tedaga]]: 2,000 speakers (<1%) Non-Arabic languages had largely been spoken by foreign workers (who had been massively employed in Libya in various infrastructure projects prior to the 2011 civil war), and those languages with more than 10,000 speakers included Punjabi, Urdu, Mandarin, Cantonese, Korean, Sinhala, Bengal, Tamil, Tagalog, French, Italian, Ukrainian, Serbian, and English. ==See also== {{Commons category|Demographics of Libya}} * [[Health in Libya]] * [[List of Ashraf tribes in Libya]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083550/http://i-cias.com/e.o/coptic_c.htm Looklex Encyclopedia] '''Attribution''' *{{CIA World Factbook |article=Libya |year=2022}} {{Demographics of Libya}} {{Libya topics}} {{Africa topic|Demographics of}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Libya}} [[Category:Demographics of Libya| ]]
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