Editing Development studies

{{Short description|Interdisciplinary branch of social science}}
{{distinguish|Developmental psychology}}

'''Development studies''' is an [[Interdisciplinarity|interdisciplinary]] branch of [[social science]]. Development studies is offered as a specialized master's degree in a number of reputed universities around the world. It has grown in popularity as a subject of study since the early 1990s, and has been most widely taught and researched in [[Developing country|developing countries]] and countries with a [[Colonialism|colonial history]], such as the [[UK]], where the discipline originated.<ref>Kothari, U. (ed), ''A Radical History of Development Studies: Individuals, Institutions and Ideologies'' – but see ''The Journal of Peasant Studies'' 34/1 (2007) for an alternative view.</ref> Students of development studies often choose careers in international organisations such as the [[United Nations]], [[World Bank]], [[non-governmental organisations]] (NGOs), [[media (communication)|media]] and [[journalism]] houses, private sector development consultancy firms, [[corporate social responsibility]] (CSR) bodies and research centers.

==Professional bodies==

Throughout the world, a number of professional bodies for development studies have been founded:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iccda.net/about.html |title=About ICCDA |access-date=2013-04-16 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221708/http://www.iccda.net/about.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Europe]]: European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI)
* [[Latin America]]: Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales (CLACSO)
* [[Asia]]: Asian Political and International Studies Association (APISA)
* [[Africa]]: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) and Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA)
* [[Arabic world]]: Arab Institutes and Centers for Economic and Social Development Research (AICARDES)

The common umbrella organisation of these association is the Inter-regional Coordinating Committee of Development Associations (ICCDA). In the [[UK]] and [[Ireland]], the [[Development Studies Association]] is a major source of information for research on and studying in development studies. Its mission is to connect and promote those working on development research.

==Disciplines of development studies==

Development issues include:
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Adult education]]
* [[Area studies]]
* [[Anthropology]]
* [[Community development]]
* [[Demography]]
* [[Development aid]]
* [[Development communication]]
* [[Development theory]]
* [[Development finance]]
* [[Diaspora studies]]
* [[Ecology]]
* [[Economic development]]
* [[Economic History]]
* [[Environmental studies]]
* [[Geography]]
* [[Gender studies]]
* [[Governance]]
* [[History of economic thought]]
* [[Human rights]]
* [[Human security]]
* [[Indigenous rights]]
* [[Industrial relations]]
* [[Industrialization]]
* [[International business]]
* [[International development]]
* [[International relations]]
* [[Journalism]]
* [[Media Studies]]
* [[Migration studies]]
* [[Partnership]]
* [[Peace and conflict studies]]
* [[Pedagogy]]
* [[Philosophy]]
* [[Political philosophy]]
* [[Population studies]]
* [[Postcolonialism]]
* [[Psychology]]
* [[Public administration]]
* [[Public health]]
* [[Rural development]]
* [[Queer studies]]
* [[Sociology]]
* [[Social policy]]
* [[Social development theory|Social development]]
* [[Social work]]
* [[Sustainable development]]
* [[Urban studies]]
* [[Women's studies]]
{{div col end}}

==History==
The emergence of development studies as an academic discipline in the second half of the twentieth century is in large part due to increasing concern about economic prospects for the [[third world]] after [[decolonisation]]. In the immediate post-war period, [[development economics]], a branch of [[economics]], arose out of previous studies in colonial economics. By the 1960s, an increasing number of development economists felt that economics alone could not fully address issues such as political effectiveness and educational provision.<ref>Kothari, U. (ed), ''A Radical History of Development Studies: Individuals, Institutions and Ideologies''</ref> Development studies arose as a result of this, initially aiming to integrate ideas of [[politics]] and economics. Since then, it has become an increasingly inter- and multi-disciplinary subject, encompassing [[#Disciplines of development studies|a variety of social scientific fields]].<ref>Abbott, Lewis F. (2003) ''Theories of Industrial Modernization and Enterprise Development: A Review''. ISR/Google Books, Second revised edition {{ISBN|978-0-906321-26-3}}</ref> In recent years the use of political economy analysis- the application of the analytical techniques of economics- to try and assess and explain political and social factors that either enhance or limit development has become increasingly widespread as a way of explaining the success or failure of reform processes. The era of modern development is commonly deemed to have commenced with the [[Harry S. Truman's 1949 inaugural address|inauguration speech]] of [[Harry S. Truman]] in 1949.<ref>Rist, G., ''The History of Development: From Western Origins to Global Faith''</ref>  In Point Four of his speech, with reference to Latin America and other poor nations, he said:

<blockquote>More than half the people of the world are living in conditions approaching misery. Their food is inadequate. They are victims of disease. Their economic life is primitive and stagnant. Their poverty is a handicap and a threat both to them and to more prosperous areas. For the first time in history, humanity possesses the knowledge and the skill to relieve the suffering of these people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.inaugural.senate.gov/swearing-in/address/address-by-harry-s-truman-1949|title=Address by Harry S. Truman, 1949|last=|first=|date=|website=Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies|publisher=|access-date=|archive-date=2016-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313195517/http://www.inaugural.senate.gov/swearing-in/address/address-by-harry-s-truman-1949|url-status=dead}}</ref></blockquote>

But development studies has since also taken an interest in lessons of past development experiences of Western countries. More recently, the emergence of [[human security]] – a new, people-oriented approach to understanding and addressing [[International security|global security]] threats – has led to a growing recognition of a relationship between security and development. Human security argues that inequalities and insecurity in one state or region have consequences for global security and that it is thus in the interest of all states to address underlying development issues. This relationship with studies of human security is but one example of the interdisciplinary nature of development studies.

Global Research cooperation between researchers from countries in the [[Global North and Global South|Global North and the Global South]], so called [[North-South research partnerships|North-south research partnerships]], allow development studies to consider more diverse perspectives on development studies and other strongly [[Value (ethics and social sciences)|value]] driven issues. Thus, it can contribute new findings to the field of research.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmänner, Alexandra |date=2021-02-02 |title=A short history of the KFPE 1994-2019 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/4309902 |language=en |doi=10.5281/zenodo.4309902}}</ref>

==See also==

{{div col|colwidth=19em}}
* [[Global South Development Magazine]]
* [[Colonization]]
* [[Community development]]
* [[Development (disambiguation)]]
* [[B:Development Cooperation Handbook/Issues|Development Cooperation Issues]]   [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|14px|Wikibooks]] 
* [[B:Development Cooperation Handbook/Stories|Development Cooperation Stories]] [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|14px|Wikibooks]] 
* [[B:Development Cooperation Handbook/Testimonials|Development Cooperation Testimonials]] [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|14px|Wikibooks]] 
* [[Economic development]]
* [[Human rights]]
* [[Human security]]
* [[Industrialization]]
* [[International development]]
* [[North-South research partnerships]]
* [[Postdevelopment theory]]
* [[Right to development]]
* [[Social development theory|Social development]]
* [[Social work]]
* [[Sustainable development]]
* [[World-systems theory]]
{{div col end}}

==References==
<references/>

==Further reading==
* Breuer, Martin. [http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/cias/wiki/d_Development.html "Development"] (2015). University Bielefeld: Center for InterAmerican Studies.
* Pradella, Lucia and Marois, Thomas, eds. (2015) Polarizing Development: Alternatives to Neoliberalism and the Crisis. Pluto Press.
* Sachs, Wolfgang, ed. (1992) The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power. Zed Books.

== External links ==
* [http://www.gsdmagazine.org Global South Development Magazine] 
* [http://www.wellesley.edu/Polisci/wj/DevelopmentLinks/development-links.htm Development Studies Internet Resources]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110702003021/http://www.studying-development.org/ Studying Development – International Development Studies course directory]

{{Social sciences}}

[[Category:Development studies| ]]
[[Category:Development economics|*]]