Editing Dioscorea

{{short description|Genus of yams}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image             = Dioscorea balcanica BotGardBln310505.jpg
| image_caption     = ''Dioscorea balcanica''
| taxon             = Dioscorea
| authority         = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Sections
| subdivision       = 
* Botryosicyos
* Combilium
* Enantiophyllum
* Lasiophyton
* Macroura
** Macrourae
* Macrogynodium
* Opsophyton
** Euopsophyton
* Shannicorea
* Stenophora
(Not all are supported by molecular analyses.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Couto |first1=Ricardo S |last2=Martins |first2=Aline C |last3=Bolson |first3=Mônica |last4=Lopes |first4=Rosana C |last5=Smidt |first5=Eric C |last6=Braga |first6=João Marcelo A |title=Time calibrated tree of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae) indicates four origins of yams in the Neotropics since the Eocene |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |date=28 September 2018 |volume=188 |issue=2 |pages=144–160 |doi=10.1093/botlinnean/boy052 |doi-access=free}}</ref> See tropicos query cited for more.<ref>{{cite web |title= Name - Dioscorea L. (Subgeneric subordinate taxa) |url=http://legacy.tropicos.org/NamePage.aspx?nameid=40031872&tab=subordinatetaxa |website=legacy.tropicos.org}}</ref>)
| synonyms_ref     = <ref name=amber/>
| synonyms          = 
* ''Tamus'' <small>L.</small>
* ''Ricophora'' <small>Mill.</small>
* ''Tamnus'' <small>Mill.</small>
* ''Oncus'' <small>Lour.</small>
* ''Ubium'' <small>J.F.Gmel.</small>
* ''Oncorhiza'' <small>Pers.</small>
* ''Testudinaria'' <small>Salisb. ex Burch.</small>
* ''Rhizemys'' <small>Raf.</small>
* ''Botryosicyos'' <small>Hochst.</small>
* ''Helmia'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''Sismondaea'' <small>Delponte</small>
* ''Epipetrum'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''Borderea'' <small>Miégev.</small>
* ''Elephantodon'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Hamatris'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Merione'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Polynome'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Strophis'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Higinbothamia'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''Nanarepenta'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''Hyperocarpa'' <small>(Uline) G.M.Barroso, E.F.Guim. & Sucre</small>
}}

'''''Dioscorea''''' is a genus of over 600 species of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Dioscoreaceae]], native throughout the [[tropical]] and warm [[temperate]] regions of the world. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates.<ref name="amber">{{Cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=239724|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|website=apps.kew.org|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref><ref>Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref><ref>Wilkin, P. & Thapyai, C. (2009). Flora of Thailand 10(1): 1-140. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=dioscorea+communis|title=Dioscorea communis [Tamaro]|website=luirig.altervista.org|language=it|access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref> It was named by the monk [[Charles Plumier]] after the ancient [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] physician and botanist [[Dioscorides]].

== Description ==
They are [[tuber]]ous [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[liana]]s, growing to {{convert|2–12|m|ft}} or more tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally arranged, mostly broad heart-shaped. The [[flower]]s are individually inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, with six petals; they are mostly [[plant sexuality|dioecious]], with separate male and female plants, though a few species are [[plant sexuality|monoecious]], with male and female flowers on the same plant. The [[fruit]] is a [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]] in most species, a soft [[berry (botany)|berry]] in a few species.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=110295|title=Dioscorea in Flora of North America @ efloras.org|website=www.efloras.org|access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=110295|title=Dioscorea in Flora of China @ efloras.org|website=www.efloras.org|access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref>

Most ''Dioscorea'' species that have been examined possess [[extrafloral nectaries]] at the petiole or leaf underside.<ref>{{cite journal |date=2012-10-18 |first1=Marjorie G. |last1=Weber |first2=Kathleen H. |last2=Keeler |title=The phylogenetic distribution of extrafloral nectaries in plants |pages=1251–1261 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcs225 |journal=Annals of Botany |eissn=1095-8290 |volume=111 |issue=6|pmid=23087129 |pmc=3662505 }}</ref>

== Cultivation and uses ==
Several species, known as [[Yam (vegetable)|yams]], are important [[agriculture|agricultural]] crops in tropical regions, grown for their large tubers. Many of these are toxic when fresh, but can be detoxified and eaten, and are particularly important in parts of [[Africa]], [[Asia]], and [[Oceania]].

One class of toxins found in many species is [[steroid]]al [[saponin]]s, which can be converted through a series of chemical reactions into [[steroid hormone]]s for use in medicine and as contraceptives.

The 1889 book "The Useful Native Plants of Australia" records that ''[[Dioscorea hastifolia]]'' is "One of the hardiest of the yams. The tubers are largely consumed by the local aborigines for food. (Mueller)."<ref>{{cite book | author=J. H. Maiden | year=1889 | title=The useful native plants of Australia : Including Tasmania | publisher= Turner and Henderson, Sydney | url=https://primo-slnsw.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=SLNSW_ALMA21105097830002626&context=L&vid=SLNSW&search_scope=EEA&tab=default_tab&lang=en_US}}</ref>

== Accepted species <small>(613)</small>, subspecies, and varieties ==
{{cleanup section|reason=May be more useful to arrange by section, however unreliable molecularly they can be|date=October 2021}}
The genus includes the following species and subspecies:{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

===A===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea abysmophila]]'' <small>Maguire & Steyerm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea abyssinica]]'' <small>Hochst. ex Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea acanthogene]]'' <small>Rusby</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea acerifolia]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea acuminata]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea adenantha]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea aesculifolia]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea aguilarii]]'' <small>Standl. & Steyerm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea alata]]'' <small>L.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea alatipes]]'' <small>Burkill & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea althaeoides]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea altissima]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea amaranthoides]]'' <small>C.Presl</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea amazonum]]'' <small>Mart. ex Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea amazonum var. klugii]]'' <small>(R.Knuth) Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea amoena]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea analalavensis]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ancachsensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea andina]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea andromedusae]]'' <small>O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea angustifolia]]'' <small>Rusby</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea anomala]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea antaly]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea antucoana]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea arachidna]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea araucana]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea arcuatinervis]]'' <small>Hochr.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea argyrogyna]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea arifolia]]'' <small>C.Presl</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea aristolochiifolia]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea arnensis]]'' <small>R. Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea asclepiadea]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea aspera]]'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea aspersa]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea asperula]]'' <small>Pedralli</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea asteriscus]]'' <small>Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea atrescens]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea auriculata]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
{{div col end}}
===B===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea bahiensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bako]]'' <small>Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea balcanica]]'' <small>Košanin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bancana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea banzhuana]]'' <small>S.J.Pei & C.T.Ting</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bartlettii]]'' <small>C.V.Morton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea basiclavicaulis]]'' <small>Rizzini & A.Mattos</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea baya]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea beecheyi]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea belophylla]]'' <small>(Prain) Voigt ex Haines</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bemandry]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bemarivensis]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea benthamii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea berenicea]]'' <small>McVaugh</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bermejensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bernoulliana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea besseriana]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea beyrichii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bicolor]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea biformifolia]]'' <small>S.J.Pei & C.T.Ting</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea biloba]]'' <small>(Phil.) Caddick & Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea biplicata]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea birmanica]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea birschelii]]'' <small>Harms ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea blumei]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bolivarensis]]'' <small>Steyerm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bonii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bosseri]]'' <small>Haigh & Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea brachybotrya]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea brachystachya]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bradei]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea brandisii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea brevipetiolata]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bridgesii]]'' <small>Griseb. ex Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea brownii]]'' <small>Schinz</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bryoniifolia]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea buchananii]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea buckleyana]]'' <small>Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bulbifera]]'' <small>L.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea bulbotricha]]'' <small>Hand.-Mazz.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea burchellii]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea burkilliana]]'' <small>J.Miège</small>
{{div col end}}

===C===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea cachipuertensis]]'' <small>Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea calcicola]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea caldasensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea calderillensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea callacatensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cambodiana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea campanulata]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea campestris]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea campos-portoi]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea carionis]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea carpomaculata]]'' <small>O.Téllez & B.G.Schub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea carpomaculata var. cinerea]]'' <small>(Uline ex R.Knuth) O.Téllez & B.G.Schub.</small> 	
* ''[[Dioscorea castilloniana]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea catharinensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea caucasica]]'' <small>Lipsky</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cavenensis]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cayennensis]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cayennensis subsp. rotundata]]'' <small>(Poir.) J.Miège</small>; syn.: ''[[Dioscorea rotundata|D. rotundata]]'' Poir.
* ''[[Dioscorea ceratandra]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chacoensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chagllaensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chancayensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chaponensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chiapasensis]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chimborazensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chingii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea choriandra]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea chouardii]]'' <small>Gaussen</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cienegensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cinnamomifolia]]'' <small>Hook.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cirrhosa]]'' <small> [[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cissophylla]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea claessensii]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea claussenii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea claytonii]]'' <small>Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cochleariapiculata]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea collettii]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca]]'' <small>(Palib.) S.J.Pei & C.T.Ting</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea communis]]'' <small>(L.) Caddick & Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea commutata]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea comorensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea composita]]'' <small>Hemsl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea contracta]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea convolvulacea]]'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea convolvulacea subsp. grandifolia]]'' <small>(Schltdl.) Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea conzattii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cordifolia]]'' <small>Laness.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea coreana]]'' <small>(Prain & Burkill) R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea coriacea]]'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea coripatenis]]'' <small>J.F.Macbr.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea coronata]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cotinifolia]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea craibiana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea crateriflora]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea crotalariifolia]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cruzensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cubensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cumingii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea curitybensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cuspidata]]'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cuyabensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cyanisticta]]'' <small>J.D.Sm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cymosula]]'' <small>Hemsl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea cyphocarpa]]'' <small>C.B.Rob. ex Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}
===D===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea daunea]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea davidsei]]'' <small>O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea de-mourae]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea debilis]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea decaryana]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea decipiens]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea decorticans]]'' <small>C.Presl</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea deflexa]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea delavayi]]'' <small>Franch.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea delicata]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea deltoidea]]'' <small>Wall. ex Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dendrotricha]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea densiflora]]'' <small>Hemsl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea depauperata]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea diamantinensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dicranandra]]'' <small>Donn.Sm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dielsii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dissimulans]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea divaricata]]'' <small>Blanco</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea diversifolia]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dodecaneura]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dregeana]]'' <small>(Kunth) T.Durand & Schinz</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea duchassaingii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dugesii]]'' <small>C.B.Rob.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dumetorum]]'' <small>(Kunth) Pax</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea dumetosa]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===E===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea ekmanii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea elegans]]'' <small>Ridl. ex Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea elephantipes]]'' <small>(L'Hér.) Engl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea entomophila]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea epistephioides]]'' <small>Taub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea escuintlensis]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea esculenta]]'' <small>(Lour.) Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea esquirolii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea exalata]]'' <small>C.T.Ting & M.C.Chang</small>
{{div col end}}

===F===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea fandra]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fasciculocongesta]]'' <small>(Sosa & B.G.Schub.) O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fastigiata]]'' <small>Gay</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fendleri]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ferreyrae]]'' <small>Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea filiformis]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea flabellifolia]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea flaccida]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea floribunda]]'' <small>M.Martens & Galeotti</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea floridana]]'' <small>Bartlett</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fodinarum]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fordii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea formosana]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fractiflexa]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea fuliginosa]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea furcata]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea futschauensis]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===G===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea galeottiana]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea galiiflora]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gallegosi]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea garrettii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gaumeri]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gentryi]]'' <small>O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gillettii]]'' <small>Milne-Redh.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea glabra]]'' <small>Roxb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea glandulosa]]'' <small>(Griseb.) Klotzsch ex Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea glandulosa var. calcensis]]'' <small>(R.Knuth) Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea glomerulata]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gomez-pompae]]'' <small>O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gracilicaulis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gracilipes]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gracilis]]'' <small>Hook. ex Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gracillima]]'' <small>Miq.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea grandiflora]]'' <small>Mart. ex Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea grandis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea grata]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea gribinguiensis]]'' <small>Baudon</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea grisebachii]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea guerrerensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea guianensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===H===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea haenkeana]]'' <small>C.Presl</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hamiltonii]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hassleriana]]'' <small>Chodat</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hastata]]'' <small>Mill.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hastatissima]]'' <small>Rusby</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hastifolia]]'' <small>Nees</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hastiformis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea haumanii]]'' <small>Xifreda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea havilandii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hebridensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hemicrypta]]'' <small>Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hemsleyi]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea heptaneura]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea herbert-smithii]]'' <small>Rusby</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea herzogii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea heteropoda]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hexagona]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hieronymi]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hintonii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hirtiflora]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hirtiflora subsp. orientalis]]'' <small>Milne-Redh.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hispida]]'' <small>Dennst.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea holmioidea]]'' <small>Maury</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hombuka]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hondurensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea howardiana]]'' <small>O.Téllez, B.G.Schub. & Geeta</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea humifusa]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea humilis]]'' <small>Bertero ex Colla</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea humilis subsp. polyanthes]]'' <small>(F.Phil.) Viruel, Segarra & Villar</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea hunzikeri]]'' <small>Xifreda</small>
{{div col end}}

===I===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea igualamontana]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea incayensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea inopinata]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea insignis]]'' <small>C.V.Morton & B.G.Schub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea intermedia]]'' <small>Thwaites</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ionophylla]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea iquitosensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea irupanensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea itapirensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea itatiensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===J===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea jaliscana]]'' <small>S.Watson</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea jamesonii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea japonica]]'' <small>Thunb.</small> - ''Shan yao'' in Chinese ({{zh|c=山药|p=Shān yào}})
* ''[[Dioscorea javariensis]]'' <small>Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea juxtlahuacensis]]'' <small>(O.Téllez & Dávila) Caddick & Wilkin</small>
{{div col end}}

===K===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea kalkapershadii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kamoonensis]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea keduensis]]'' <small>Burkill ex Backer</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kerrii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea killipii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kimiae]]'' <small>Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kingii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kituiensis]]'' <small>Wilkin & Muasya</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kjellbergii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea knuthiana]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea koepperi]]'' <small>Standl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea koyamae]]'' <small>Jayas.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kratica]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kunthiana]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea kuntzei]]'' <small>Uline ex Kuntze</small>
{{div col end}}

===L===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea lacerdaei]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea laevis]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lamprocaula]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lanata]]'' <small>Bail</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea larecajensis]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea laurifolia]]'' <small>Wall. ex Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lawrancei]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea laxiflora]]'' <small>Mart. ex Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lehmannii]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lepcharum]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lepida]]'' <small>C.V.Morton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea leptobotrys]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea liebmannii]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lijiangensis]]'' <small>C.L.Long & H.Li</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea linearicordata]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lisae]]'' <small>Dorr & Stergios</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea listeri]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea litoralis]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea loefgrenii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea loheri]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea longicuspis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea longipes]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea longirhiza]]'' <small>Caddick & Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea longituba]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea lundii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea luzonensis]]'' <small>Schauer</small>
{{div col end}}

===M===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea macbrideana]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea maciba]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea macrantha]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea macrothyrsa]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea macvaughii]]'' <small>B.G.Schub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea madecassa]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea madiunensis]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea maianthemoides]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mamillata]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mandonii]]'' <small>Rusby</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mangenotiana]]'' <small>J.Miège</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mantigueirensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea margarethia]]'' <small>G.M.Barroso, E.F.Guim. & Sucre</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea marginata]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea martensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea martiana]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea martini]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea matagalpensis]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea matudae]]'' <small>O.Téllez & B.G.Schub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mayottensis]]'' <small>Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea megacarpa]]'' <small>Gleason</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea megalantha]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea melanophyma]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea melastomatifolia]]'' <small>Uline ex Prain</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea membranacea]]'' <small>Pierre ex Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea menglaensis]]'' <small>H.Li</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea meridensis]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea merrillii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mesoamericana]]'' <small>O.Téllez & Mart.-Rodr.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mexicana]]'' <small>Scheidw.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea microbotrya]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea microcephala]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea microura]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mindanaensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea minima]]'' <small>C.B.Rob. & Seaton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea minutiflora]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mitis]]'' <small>C.V.Morton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mitoensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea modesta]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mollis]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea monadelpha]]'' <small>(Kunth) Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea × monandra]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea morelosana]]'' <small>(Uline) Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea moritziana]]'' <small>(Kunth) R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mosqueirensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea moultonii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea moyobambensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mucronata]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea multiflora]]'' <small>Mart. ex Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea multiloba]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea multinervis]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea mundii]]'' <small>Baker</small>
{{div col end}}

===N===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea nako]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea namorokensis]]'' <small>Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nana]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nanlaensis]]'' <small>H.Li</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea natalensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea natalia]]'' <small>Hammel</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea neblinensis]]'' <small>Maguire & Steyerm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nelsonii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nematodes]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nervata]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nervosa]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nicolasensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nieuwenhuisii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nipensis]]'' <small>R.A.Howard</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nipponica]]'' <small>Makino</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nitens]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nuda]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nummularia]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea nutans]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===O===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea oaxacensis]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea obcuneata]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oblonga]]'' <small>Gleason</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oblongifolia]]'' <small>Rusby</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea obtusifolia]]'' <small>Hook. & Arn.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea olfersiana]]'' <small>Klotzsch ex Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oligophylla]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea omiltemensis]]'' <small>O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea opaca]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oppositiflora]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oppositifolia]]''  <small>L.</small> - ''Shan yao'' in Chinese ({{zh|c=山药|p=Shān yào}})
* ''[[Dioscorea orangeana]]''  <small>Wilkin</small><ref>{{Cite journal |last= Wilkin |first = Paul |author-link = Paul Wilkin |author2=Annette Hladik |author3=Odile Weber |author4=Claude Marcel Hladik |author5=Vololoniana Jeannoda |title= ''Dioscorea orangeana'' (Dioscoreaceae), a new and threatened species of edible yam from northern Madagascar |journal = Kew Bulletin |volume = 64 |issue = 3 |pages = 461–468 |date = September 2009 |issn=1874-933X |doi=10.1007/s12225-009-9126-2 |bibcode = 2009KewBu..64..461W |s2cid = 43183514 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00546781/file/Dioscorea_orangeana.pdf}}</ref>
* ''[[Dioscorea orbiculata]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea orbiculata var. tenuifolia]]'' <small>(Ridl.) Thapyai</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oreodoxa]]'' <small>B.G.Schub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea organensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea orientalis]]'' <small>(J.Thiébaut) Caddick & Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea orizabensis]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea orthogoneura]]'' <small>Uline ex Hochr.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea oryzetorum]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ovalifolia]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ovata]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ovinala]]'' <small>Baker</small>
{{div col end}}

===P===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea palawana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea paleata]]'' <small>Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pallens]]'' <small>Schltdl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pallidinervia]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea palmeri]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea panamensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea panthaica]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pantojensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea paradoxa]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pavonii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pedicellata]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pencana]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pendula]]'' <small>Poepp. ex Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pentaphylla]]'' <small>L.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea peperoides]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea perdicum]]'' <small>Taub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea perenensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea perpilosa]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea petelotii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea philippiana]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea piauhyensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pierrei]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pilcomayensis]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pilgeriana]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pilosiuscula]]'' <small>Bertero ex Spreng.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pinedensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea piperifolia]]'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea piscatorum]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pittieri]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea planistipulosa]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea plantaginifolia]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea platycarpa]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea platycolpota]]'' <small>Uline ex B.L.Rob.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea plumifera]]'' <small>C.B.Rob.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pohlii]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pohlii var. luschnathiana]]'' <small>(Kunth) Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea poilanei]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea polyclados]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea polygonoides]]'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea polystachya]]'' <small>Turcz.</small> (also: ''Dioscorea batatas <small>Decne</small>'')
* ''[[Dioscorea pomeroonensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea potarensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea praehensilis]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea prainiana]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea prazeri]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea preslii]]'' <small>Steud.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea preussii]]'' <small>Pax</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea preussii subsp. hylophila]]'' <small>(Harms) Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pringlei]]'' <small>C.B.Rob.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea proteiformis]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea psammophila]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pseudomacrocapsa]]'' <small>G.M.Barroso, E.F.Guim. & Sucre</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pseudorajanioides]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pseudotomentosa]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pteropoda]]'' <small>Boivin ex H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pubera]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pubescens]]'' <small>Poir.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pumicicola]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pumilio]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea puncticulata]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea purdiei]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea putisensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea putumayensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pynaertii]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pyrenaica]]'' <small>Bubani & Bordère ex Gren.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea pyrifolia]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
{{div col end}}

===Q===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea quartiniana]]'' <small>A.Rich.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea quaternata]]'' <small>J.F. Gmel.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea quinquelobata]]'' <small>Thunb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea quispicanchensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===R===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea racemosa]]'' <small>(Klotzsch) Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea regnellii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea remota]]'' <small>C.V.Morton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea remotiflora]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea reticulata]]'' <small>Gay</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea retusa]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea reversiflora]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ridleyi]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea riedelii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rigida]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rimbachii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rockii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rosei]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rumicoides]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rupicola]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea rusbyi]]'' <small>Uline</small>
{{div col end}}

===S===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea sabarensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sagittata]]'' <small>Poir.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sagittifolia]]'' <small>Pax</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sagittifolia var. lecardii]]'' <small>(De Wild.) Nkounkou</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea salicifolia]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea salvadorensis]]'' <small>Standl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sambiranensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sanchez-colini]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sandiensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sandwithii]]'' <small>B.G.Schub.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sanpaulensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sansibarensis]]'' <small>Pax</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea santanderensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea santosensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sarasinii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea saxatilis]]'' <small>Poepp.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea scabra]]'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea schimperiana]]'' <small>Hochst. ex Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea schubertiae]]'' <small>Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea schunkei]]'' <small>Ayala & T.Clayton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea schwackei]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea scortechinii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea secunda]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sellowiana]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea semperflorens]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea septemloba]]'' <small>Thunb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea septemnervis]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sericea]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea seriflora]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea serpenticola]]'' <small>Hoque & P.K.Mukh.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sessiliflora]]'' <small>McVaugh</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sexrimata]]'' <small>Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea simulans]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sincorensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sinoparviflora]]'' <small>C.T.Ting, M.G.Gilbert & Turland</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sinuata]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sitamiana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea skottsbergii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea smilacifolia]]'' <small>De Wild. & T.Durand</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sonlaensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sororopana]]'' <small>Steyerm.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea soso]]'' <small>Jum. & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea soso var. trichopoda]]'' <small>(Jum. & H.Perrier) Burkill & H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea spectabilis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea spicata]]'' <small>Roth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea spiculiflora]]'' <small>Hemsl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea spiculoides]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea spongiosa]]'' <small>J.Q.Xi, M.Mizuno & W.L.Zhao</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sprucei]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea standleyi]]'' <small>C.V.Morton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stegelmanniana]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stellaris]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stemonoides]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stenocolpus]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stenomeriflora]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stenopetala]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stenophylla]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sterilis]]'' <small>O.Weber & Wilkin</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea stipulosa]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea subcalva]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea subhastata]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sublignosa]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea submigra]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea subtomentosa]]'' <small>Miranda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sumatrana]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sumiderensis]]'' <small>B.G.Schub. & O.Téllez</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea suratensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea sylvatica]]'' <small>Eckl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea synandra]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea syringifolia]]'' <small>(Kunth) Kunth & R.H.Schomb. ex R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===T===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea tabatae]]'' <small>Hatus. ex Yamashita & M.N.Tamura</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tacanensis]]'' <small>Lundell</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tamarisciflora]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tamoidea]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tamshiyacuensis]]'' <small>Ayala</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tancitarensis]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tarijensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tarmensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tauriglossum]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tayacajensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea temascaltepecensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tenebrosa]]'' <small>C.V.Morton</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tenella]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tentaculigera]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tenuipes]]'' <small>Franch. & Sav.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tenuiphyllum]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tenuis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tequendamensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ternata]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea therezopolensis]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea togoensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tokoro]]'' <small>Makino ex Miyabe</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea toldosensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tomentosa]]'' <small>J.Koenig ex Spreng.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea torticaulis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trachyandra]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trachycarpa]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea traillii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea transversa]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea triandria]]'' <small>Sessé & Moc.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trichantha]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trichanthera]]'' <small>Gleason</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trifida]]'' <small>L.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trifoliata]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trifurcata]]'' <small>Hauman</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trilinguis]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trimenii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trinervia]]'' <small>Roxb. ex Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trisecta]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea trollii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea truncata]]'' <small>Miq.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tsaratananensis]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tubiperianthia]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea tubuliflora]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small> 
* ''[[Dioscorea tubulosa]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
{{div col end}}

===U===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea uliginosa]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea ulinei]]'' <small>Greenm. ex R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea undatiloba]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea urceolata]]'' <small>Uline</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea urophylla]]'' <small>Hemsl.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea uruapanensis]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
{{div col end}}

===V===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea valdiviensis]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea vanvuurenii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea variifolia]]'' <small>Bertero</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea velutipes]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea vexans]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea vilis]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea villosa]]'' <small>L.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea volckmannii]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
{{div col end}}

===W===
{{div col}}
* ''[[Dioscorea wallichii]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea warburgiana]]'' <small>Uline ex Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea warmingii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea wattii]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea weberbaueri]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea widgrenii]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea wightii]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea wittiana]]'' <small>R.Knuth</small>
* ''[[Dioscorea wrightii]]'' <small>Uline ex R.Knuth</small>
{{div col end}}

===X===
* ''[[Dioscorea xizangensis]]'' <small>C.T.Ting</small>

===Y===
* ''[[Dioscorea yunnanensis]]'' <small>Prain & Burkill</small>

===Z===
* ''[[Dioscorea zingiberensis]]'' <small>C.H.Wright</small>

The closely related genus ''[[Tamus]]'' is included in ''Dioscorea'' by some sources,<ref>{{Citation |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=The Board of Trustees of the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do |access-date=2011-05-28 }}, search for "Tamus"</ref> but is maintained as distinct by others.<ref name=Stace2010>{{Citation |last=Stace |first=Clive |author-link = Clive Stace |year=2010 |title=New Flora of the British Isles |edition=3rd |location=Cambridge, UK |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-70772-5 }}, p. 854</ref> For ''Dioscorea communis'' (L.) Caddick & Wilkin, see ''[[Tamus communis]]''.

== See also ==
* [[Yam (vegetable)|Yams]]
* [[Mexican barbasco trade]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
{{Commons category|Dioscorea}}
{{Wikispecies|Dioscorea}}
{{Refbegin}}
* [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Dioscorea&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Dioscorea'']
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=110295 Flora of Pakistan: ''Dioscorea'']
* Schols, P. 2004. Contributions to the palynology and phylogeny of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae). PhD thesis KU Leuven.
{{Refend}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q71549}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dioscorea}}
[[Category:Dioscorea| ]]
[[Category:Dioscoreales genera]]
[[Category:Tubers]]
[[Category:Dioecious plants]]