Editing Dziemiany

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Dziemiany
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type = &nbsp;
| image_skyline = Dziemiany1.jpg
| image_caption = Saint Anthony church in Dziemiany
| image_flag = 
| image_shield = 
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Pomeranian Voivodeship|Pomeranian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kościerzyna County|Kościerzyna]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Dziemiany|Dziemiany]]
| coordinates = {{coord|54|0|23|N|17|46|6|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = right
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| elevation_m = 
| population_total = 1751
| website = 
}}
'''Dziemiany''' {{IPA|pl| d͡ʑɛˈmʲanɨ |pron}} is a [[village]] in [[Kościerzyna County]], [[Pomeranian Voivodeship]], in northern Poland. It is the seat of the [[gmina]] (administrative district) called [[Gmina Dziemiany]].<ref name="TERYT">{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=Polish}}</ref> It lies approximately {{convert|19|km|mi|0}} south-west of [[Kościerzyna]] and {{convert|70|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south-west of the regional capital [[Gdańsk]]. It was the location of the [[Nazi concentration camp]] ''Dzimianen'' - ''Sophienwalde'', a subcamp of the concentration camp [[Stutthof concentration camp|Stutthof]]. Here the ''[[SS]]-Truppenübungsplatz Westpreußen'' was located during the [[occupation of Poland]] in World War II.

==History==
Dziemiany was a royal village of the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Polish Crown]], administratively located in the Tczew County in the [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]].<ref>Marian Biskup, Andrzej Tomczak, ''Mapy województwa pomorskiego w drugiej połowie XVI w.'', Toruń, 1955, pp. 110-111 (in Polish)</ref>

===World War II===
[[File:POL.Dziemiany3.jpg|thumb|left|Memorial stone to prisoner victims of concentration camp ''Westpreussen Sophienwalde'' of the [[KL Stutthof]] in Dziemiany, who perished between August 1944 and February 1945 as slave labour for the ''SS-Truppenübungsplatz Westpreußen'']]

Dziemiany was overrun on the second day of the Nazi German [[invasion of Poland]] of September 1939. Several weeks later on 26 October 1939 by a decree of [[Adolf Hitler]] the region was annexed into the Reich as ''Reichsagau Danzig Westpreussen''. Dziemiany was renamed Sophienwalde, population: 4,428 ethnic [[Polish people|Poles]]. Deportations and [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expulsions]] of all prominent citizens followed. Polish schools and all institutions were shut down.<ref name="Szamocki">{{cite web | url=http://www.ztn.com.pl/files_wyd/73_Przemys%C5%82aw%20Szamocki.pdf | title=Filia KL Stutthof „Sophienwalde” oraz obozy pracy w Dziemianach 1943-1945 | publisher=Uniwersytet Gdański | work=Wydzial Historyczny |date=2013 |location=Gdańsk | accessdate=3 August 2014 | author=Przemysław Szamocki | pages=3–4, 10, 28–29, 30}}</ref>

In the fall of 1943 during [[Operation Barbarossa]] the Germans began constructing military range called the ''Truppenübungsplatz Westpreußen'' in Dziemiany and neighbouring villages on an area of {{convert|700|km2}}. All farmers were deported to [[Potulice concentration camp]]. The range was designed for training of the new [[SS]] Sturm brigades including [[Waffen-SS]], as well as rocket testing. It was built by around 1,000 international prisoners kept at the barracks of a temporary camp in [[Brusy]], the 300 inmates of [[Potulice concentration camp|KL Potulice]], and about 400–500 prisoners of [[KL Stutthof]]. Notable group of about 400 slave workers arrived in the fall of 1944, captured in the [[Warsaw Uprising]]. Also notable was the group of about 500 Jewish women kept at the sub-camp in Dziemiany (''Sophienwalde'') employed to service the ''SS'' soldiers. In total, the range was built by about 3,000 prisoners. The first trainees arrived from Latvia, Romania and Hungary. Average training lasted from two to six weeks. The range was never fully completed, because of the Soviet advance.<ref name="Szamocki"/>

== Notable people ==
* [[Łukasz Chyła]] (born 1981 in Dziemiany) a track and field sprint athlete who competes internationally for Poland

==See also==
* [[List of Nazi-German concentration camps]]
* ''[[SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager]]'' in [[Pustków, Podkarpackie Voivodeship]] 
* ''SS-Truppenübungsplatz Mielau'' located in [[Nosarzewo Borowe]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{commons category-inline|Dziemiany}}

{{Gmina Dziemiany}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Kościerzyna County]]
[[Category:Holocaust locations in Poland]]