Editing EMD SD60

{{Short description|North American locomotive class}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name = EMD SD60
| powertype = [[Diesel-electric]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}<br />{{track gauge|5ft3in|lk=on}}, Brazil
| image = CEFX 6014.jpg
| caption = Ex-SOO SD60 no. 6014, now owned by [[CIT Group|CIT]] (CEFX), at Lincoln, Nebraska in October 2014.
| builder = [[Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Division]] (EMD)<br>[[General Motors Diesel]] (GMD)
| poweroutput = {{convert|3,800|hp|MW|abbr=on|lk=on}} at [[revolutions per minute|900 rpm]]
| multipleworking = AAR
| maxspeed = {{convert|70|mph|0|abbr=on}}
| tractiveeffort = ''Starting:'' {{convert|114000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} @ 25% <br /> ''Continuous:'' {{convert|100000|lbf|kN|0|abbr=on}} @{{convert|9.8|mph|kph|1|abbr=on}}
| aarwheels = C-C
| buildmodel = SD60
| builddate = 1984–1995
| primemover = [[Electro-Motive Diesel|EMD]] [[EMD 710|16-710G3A]]
| enginetype = [[V16 engine|V16]] [[diesel engine|diesel]]
| wheeldiameter = {{convert|40|in|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|13|ft|7|in|2|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|71|ft|2|in|2|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|15|ft|7.5|in|2|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|10|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}
| locoweight = {{convert|368000|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount = 16
| alternator = AR-11
| tractionmotors = D-87
| totalproduction = 1,668
| disposition = Most still in service as of 2016, 1 preserved
| operator = [[#Original owners|See original owners]]
| locale = North America, Brazil
}}
The '''EMD SD60''' is a {{convert|3800|hp|kW}}, six-axle [[diesel-electric locomotive]] built by [[Electro-Motive Diesel|General Motors Electro-Motive Division]], intended for heavy-duty drag freight or medium-speed freight service. It was introduced in 1984, and production ran until 1995.

== History and development ==
The SD60 is essentially identical to the [[EMD SD50|SD50]] externally, but has a different prime mover, the new 16-cylinder EMD [[EMD 710|710G3A]], and a computer-controlled electrical system. [[Chicago & North Western]]'s railroad manual estimated that the SD60 is 3% more fuel efficient than one SD50, while a pair of SD60s was up to 16% more efficient than three SD40s pulling a standard coal train.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Solomon|first=Brian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DO0mXy33FB8C&pg=PA148|title=EMD Locomotives|year=2006 |publisher=Voyageur Press|isbn=978-1-61060-379-9|pages=148–151|language=en}}</ref>

[[Norfolk Southern]] has been modernizing their old SD60s since 2010 into SD60Es, a model specific to NS.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Esposito|first=Christopher|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLCIDwAAQBAJ&dq=SD60E&pg=PT62|title=Locomotives of the Eastern United States|date=2018-11-15|publisher=[[Amberley Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4456-8303-4|language=en}}</ref>

==Models==
Several variants of the SD60 were built, including:

===SD60===
This was the original model, and had a conventional [[hood unit]] configuration with the ''40 Series'' (spartan) cab first employed on the [[EMD SD40-2|SD40-2]].

===SD60F===
The SD60F was ordered and was operated by [[Canadian National]] and has a full-width [[Cowl unit|cowl body]] and crashworthy "safety cab" with a four-piece windshield. CN retired the SD60F in 2017, however a handful were sold off and are still working on two shortlines in North Dakota. [[Dakota, Missouri Valley and Western Railroad]] has six, and the [[Northern Plains Railroad]] has five. 14 units are currently on the [[Aberdeen, Carolina & Western Railway]] in [[North Carolina]].

===SD60I===
The SD60I model has a full-width short hood and features the so-called "WhisperCab" that was insulated from sound and vibration using a system of rubber gaskets. They are easily distinguished from the SD60M by the visible vertical seam just behind the front of the nose. The same cab was later used on EMD's [[EMD SD70I|SD70I]], [[EMD SD75I|SD75I]], [[EMD SD80MAC|SD80MAC]] and [[EMD SD90MAC|SD90MAC]] locomotives. Only [[Conrail]] ordered this model, and after 1999 all were split between the [[Norfolk Southern]] and [[CSX]]. All SD60i locomotives have either have been scrapped, sold to new owners or retired.

===SD60M===
The SD60M features a "North American safety cab" design and has a full-width [[short hood]]. Early models until 1990 featured a three-piece windshield with vertical windows (nicknamed "triclops"), identical to the windshields found on EMD's [[EMD SD40-2F|SD40-2F]] and [[EMD F59PH|F59PH]] models. Later production from 1991 used two windshield panes that were sloped back, and had a somewhat shorter nose tapered on the sides. Purchasers of this model included Conrail, [[Union Pacific]], [[Burlington Northern]] and the [[Soo Line Railroad]]. Conrail's orders were split between the Norfolk Southern and CSX upon their acquisitions of parts Conrail in 1999. All Norfolk Southern and CSX SD60M locomotives have either been scrapped, sold to new owners, or retired.

===SD60MAC===
The SD60MAC is similar to the SD60M but is equipped with [[alternating current]] traction motors. Although four demonstrator SD60MAC units tested on the [[Burlington Northern]] proved the viability of EMD's AC traction system, all subsequent orders were for the [[EMD SD70MAC|SD70MAC]] locomotive.
[[File:Sooline2-1.jpg|thumb|SOO Line EMD SD60 #6032]]
[[image:CN Loco No.5536.jpg|thumb|GMD SD60F, CN 5536]]
[[Image:EMD SD601.jpg|thumb|EMD SD60I, [[CSX]] 8747, [[Plymouth, Michigan]] ]]
[[Image:UP 2317.jpg|thumb|EMD SD60M (Early model, "Triclops"), UP 2317]]
[[Image:BNSF 1461.jpg|thumb|EMD SD60M (Late model,<br/>2-Piece windshield), BNSF 1461]]
===SD60E===
[[File:NS-SD60E-Ayer.jpg|thumb|A Norfolk Southern EMD SD60E locomotive in Ayer, Massachusetts.]]
The SD60E is a custom rebuild of standard cab SD60 for Norfolk Southern created at the [[Juniata Shops]] with the prototype being delivered in 2010 and the majority of the production taking place between 2013 and 2017. The SD60E utilizes a new NS-designed wide nose cab with increased crash protection, new electronics and up-rating the engine to the 4000&nbsp;hp 710G3B standard. Norfolk Southern bought additional SD60s from Helm Leasing specifically for the SD60E program with the aim to eventually rebuild 240 SD60s, however the project was terminated after 135 had been completed and Norfolk Southern's remaining inventory of unrebuilt SD60, SD60M and SD60I locomotives were subsequently sold or scrapped in 2019. In May 2021, Norfolk Southern regeared SD60E numbers 7034 and 7035 to go 79mph and assigned the locomotives to the railroad's Office Car Special train.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.altoonaworks.info/rebuilds/ns_sd60e.html |title=NS SD60E Rebuilds |publisher=AltoonaWorks.info |access-date=2012-09-09}}</ref>

== Current and original owners ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:160px;"|Railroad
!width="40"| Qty.
! style="width:110px;"| Road numbers
|-
! colspan="3" | EMD SD60
|-
|[[Burlington Northern]]
|3
|8300-8302
|-
|[[Chicago & North Western]]
|55
|8001-8055
|-
|[[Conrail]]
|25
|6843-6867 (to NS 6701-6716)
|-
|[[CSX]]
|26
|8700-8721, 8787-8790
|-
|[[Electro-Motive Diesel|EMDX]]
|4
|1-4
|-
|[[Kansas City Southern Railway|Kansas City Southern]]
|46
|714-759
|-
|[[Norfolk Southern]]
|151
|6550-6700 
|-
| Oakway, Inc., subsidiary of Connell Finance Company, Inc. 
|100
|9000-9099
|-
|[[Soo Line Railroad|Soo Line]]
|58
|6000-6057
|-
|[[Union Pacific]]
|85
|6000-6084 (renumbered 2100–2239)
|-
|[[Canadian National]]
|90
|5400-5489
|-
|[[Watco]]
|6
|6623, 6627, 6656, 6667, 6668, 6695 (former Norfolk Southern acquired)<ref name=":2" />
|-
! colspan="3" | NS SD60E
|-
|[[Norfolk Southern]]
|135
|6900-7035 (not consecutive)
|-
! colspan="3" | EMD SD60F
|-
|[[Canadian National]]
|64
|5500-5563
|-
|[[Aberdeen, Carolina and Western Railway|Aberdeen Carolina Western]]
|13
|5520-5521, 5526-5527, 5534, 5536, 5539, 5545, 5548-5549, 5558-5560
|-
|[[Dakota, Missouri Valley and Western Railroad]]
|6
|5500-5501, 5504, 5523, 5544, 5557
|-
|[[Northern Plains Railroad]]
|5
|5513, 5517-5518, 5525, 5535
|-
! colspan="3" | EMD SD60I
|-
|[[Conrail]]
|81
|5544, 5575-5654
|-
|[[Norfolk Southern]] 
|46
|6717-6762
|-
|[[CSX]]
|53
|8722-8774
|-
|[[Terminal Railroad Association of St Louis]]
|2
|4001-4002
|-
|[[Buffalo & Pittsburgh Railroad]]
|6
|3880-3885
|-
! colspan="3" | EMD SD60M
|-
|[[Burlington Northern]]
|100
|1991, 9200-9298
|-
|[[Conrail]]
|74
|5500-5543, 5545-5574 (in 1999: 44 becoming Norfolk Southern 6763-6806 and 31 becoming CSX 8756-8786)
|-
|[[Soo Line Railroad|Soo Line]]
|5
|6058-6062
|-
|[[Union Pacific]]
|281
|6085-6365 (renumbered 2169, 2240–2520); 28 (renumbered 9900–9927) rebuilt as [[EMD SD32ECO#UP SD59MX Features|SD59MX (EMD SD59M-2)]]
|-
|[[Norfolk Southern]]
|53
|6763-6806 (from Conrail 1999) 6807-6815 (former BNSF acquired 07-2014)
|-
|[[CSX]] 
|31
|8756-8786 (from Conrail 1999)
|-
|[[Buffalo & Pittsburgh Railroad]] 
|7
|3886-3892
|-
|[[Vale (mining company)#Railroads|Carajás Railroad (Vale)]]
|2
|601-602
|-
|[[Watco]]
|41
|6013-6015, 
6022-6045
6047-6059
(former Union Pacific acquired)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=WATCO Rail Services - WAMX |url=https://www.thedieselshop.us/WAMX.HTML |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=The Diesel Shop}}</ref>
|-
|[[Wisconsin & Southern]]
|8
|6165, 6092, 6125, 6141, 6183, 6224, 6240, 6238 (Renumbered 6022-6029)
|-
|[[Yadkin Valley Railroad]] 
|6
|8769, 8771–8772, 8781, 8783, 8786
|- 
!Totals !! 1,668 !!
|}

== Preservation ==
In October 2019, Norfolk Southern donated SD60I #6721 (ex. Conrail #5582) to Penn State University Altoona, marking one of the first Conrail road locomotives to survive into preservation. It has moved to the Railroaders Memorial Museum as of 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://altoona.psu.edu/story/61096/2023/10/30/new-home-locomotive-benefits-altoonas-rte-program-railroaders-museum | title=New home for locomotive benefits Altoona's RTE program, Railroaders Museum }}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[List of GM-EMD locomotives]]
*[[List of GMD Locomotives]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book | author = Diesel Era| title = EMD's SD60 Series – Steppingstone to the 21st Century| publisher = Diesel Era | year = n.d. | isbn = 1-881411-08-7 }}
* {{cite book | author = Union Pacific Railroad Locomotive Department| title = Locomotive Diagram Book| publisher = [[Union Pacific]] | year = 1994}}
* [http://www.thedieselshop.us/ The Diesel Shop Locomotive Rosters] 
* Memória do Trem ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118212847/http://www.trem.org.br/guiaigl.htm Locomotive Rosters Carajás Railroad]''

== External links ==
{{commons category|EMD SD60 locomotives}}{{EMD cab and cowl}}
{{EMD SDs}}
{{CN Cowls|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Electro-Motive Division locomotives|SD60]]
[[Category:General Motors Diesel locomotives|SD60]]
[[Category:C-C locomotives]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of the United States]]
[[Category:Freight locomotives]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of the United States]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Canada]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian National Railway locomotives]]
[[Category:Chicago and North Western Railway locomotives]]
[[Category:Conrail locomotives]]
[[Category:Norfolk Southern Railway locomotives]]
[[Category:Union Pacific Railroad locomotives]]
[[Category:Soo Line locomotives]]