Editing Eh

{{short description|Spoken interjection in English}}
{{about|the English interjection|other uses|EH (disambiguation)}}
{{more sources|date=May 2023}}
{{italic title}}
'''''Eh''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|eɪ}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛ}})<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dictionary.com {{!}} Meanings & Definitions of English Words |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/eh |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}</ref>  is a spoken [[interjection]] used in many varieties of [[English language|English]]. The oldest ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' defines ''eh'' as an "[[interjection]]al [[Interrogative word|interrogative]] [[Grammatical particle|particle]] often inviting assent to the sentiment expressed."<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Dollinger |first=Stefan |date=2018-01-01 |title=How old is eh? On the early history of a Canadian shibboleth [published version] |url=https://www.academia.edu/34687118 |journal=Wa7 xweysás i nqwal'utteníha i ucwalmícwa: He loves the people's languages. Essays in honour of Henry Davis}}</ref> Today, while ''eh'' has many different uses, it is most popularly used in a manner similar in meaning to "Excuse me?", "Please repeat that", "Huh?", or to otherwise mark a question. It is also commonly used as an alternative to the [[question tag]] ''"right?"'', as a method for inciting a reply, as in "Don't you think?", "You agree with me, right?", as in, "It's nice here, eh?" (instead of "It's nice here, right?"). In the [[Americas]], it is most commonly associated with [[Canada]] and [[Canadian English]], though it is also common in [[England]], [[Scotland]], and [[New Zealand]]. It is also known in some [[United States|American]] regions bordering Canada, including the area stretching from northern [[Wisconsin]] up to [[Michigan]]'s [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan|Upper Peninsula]]. Similar [[interjection]]s exist in many other languages, such as [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] and [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Dutch language|Dutch]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}

The spelling of this sound in English is quite different from the common usage of these letters. The [[vowel]] is sounded in one of the continental manners (as in [[French language|French]], only missing the [[apostrophe]]), and the letter ''h'' is used to indicate it is long, as though the origin of the spelling were [[German language|German]].

While evidence suggests that ''eh'' initially may have been considered as an [[Onomatopoeia|onomatopoeic]] sound, the earliest uses of ''eh'' found so far, date back to [[Early Modern English]] in 1662, but first mentions of it are found in [[Middle English]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1707, it was first used in a [[Theatre|play]], functioning "to create or confirm agreement."<ref name=":0" /> Later, in 1773, its earliest quotation, s.v. "eh" was in a play by [[Irish people|Irish]] playwright [[Oliver Goldsmith]].<ref name=":0" />  

It can also convey a lack of strong emotion and a neutral response. For example, if when asked how a movie was one replies with "Eh," this indicates that they did not find it particularly great or terrible. In this example, ''eh'' is used as a way to convey a middle-ground feeling or invite further discussion.

==English==

===United States===
''Eh'' is also used in situations to describe something bad or mediocre. In which, it is often pronounced with a short "e" sound and the "h" may even be noticeable.

It is quite prevalent in the [[New York area]] to use the term "ey" as a general substitute for such basic [[greeting]]s, such as "[[Hey (interjection)|hey]]" or "[[hello]]".<ref>{{Cite web |title=eh {{!}} The Macquarie Dictionary - Credo Reference |url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/macqdict/eh/0 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=search.credoreference.com}}</ref>

In the [[Upper Midwest]], it is used to end sentences.

===Canada===

==== History ====
The first clear evidence of ''eh''<nowiki/>'s usage in Canada was in 1836, through the writings of [[Thomas Chandler Haliburton]], a [[Nova Scotia|Nova-Scotian]] district judge and comical writer.<ref name=":0" /> ''Eh'' was first recognized as being a marker of being Canadian in 1959 by Harold B. Allen; he stated that ''eh'' is "so exclusively a Canadian feature that immigration officials use it as an identifying clue.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Harold B. |date=1959 |title=Canadian-American Speech Differences Along the Middle Border |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-linguistics-revue-canadienne-de-linguistique/article/abs/canadianamerican-speech-differences-along-the-middle-border/B0D5A737F888B7E2C043A3B23B0C2DE8 |journal=Canadian Journal of Linguistics |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=17–24 |doi=10.1017/S0008413100018521 |s2cid=149272129 |issn=0008-4131|url-access=subscription }}</ref>" However, despite mainly being perceived as a stereotypical marker of Canadian identity, ''eh'' was not recognized initially as a [[Canadianism]] in the ''[[Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles]]'' (DCHP-1).<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Avis |first=Walter S. |date=1972 |title=So eh? is Canadian, eh? |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-linguistics-revue-canadienne-de-linguistique/article/abs/so-eh-is-canadian-eh/E1249B158D4E4DEFEC65E79EF954965D |journal=Canadian Journal of Linguistics |language=en |volume=17 |issue=2–3 |pages=89–104 |doi=10.1017/S0008413100007039 |s2cid=148790860 |issn=0008-4131|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Chief editor of the DCHP-1, Walter Avis, argued that it should not be included due to its historical use in [[British English]] and its frequency in [[American English|American]], [[Australian English|Australian]], and [[New Zealand English]].<ref name=":1" /> However, despite ''eh''<nowiki/>'s origins, it has become more frequently used in Canada than in the UK and the US, and in a broader variety of contexts.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Gold |first=Elaine |date=2010 |title=Canadian Eh? From Eh to Zed |url=https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/27537 |journal=Canadian English: A Linguistic Reader |issue=6 |pages=92–111 |via=Queen's University Strathy Language Unit}}</ref> Due to this frequency, it has since been included in the [[DCHP-2]] as a Preservation of British English that is Culturally Significant.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last1=Dollinger |first1=Stefan |last2=Fee |first2=Margery |date=March 2017 |title=Eh |url=http://apps.plotandscatter.com:8080/dchp2/Entries/view/eh |website=A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles (Second Edition)}}</ref>

==== Uses ====
According to the [[DCHP-2]], there are five main uses of ''eh'' with four subtypes.<ref name=":3" /> The first is used to elicit confirmation (1a),<ref name=":3" />  which can be used in sentences like "So that's what he thinks, eh?" A subtype of this use is to elicit acknowledgement (1b).<ref name=":3" /> This applies to the acknowledgment of a fact in contrast to belief or opinion.<ref name=":3" /> For example, one could say "I have a new dog, eh?" The second subtype (1c) is to confirm agreement.<ref name=":3" /> This is used to increase the chance of acceptance of a suggestion, [[Tone (linguistics)|toning down]] statements.<ref name=":3" /> The fourth, (1d), is used as an exclamative over a shared experience, for example "What a great game, eh?"<ref name=":3" />  The final (1e) is to confirm compliance, like asking "Will you?" The belief is that this tones down a command or request.<ref name=":3" /> 

The second main use of ''eh'' is as an expression of disbelief to express one's surprise over the offered information (2).<ref name=":3" /> Use 3 is to elicit repetition, and is referred to as the "Pardon ''eh''." It is used synonymously with "I beg your pardon?" in the sense of asking for a repetition of what was said.<ref name=":3" /> The fourth use is a distinctly Canadian use, identified as the narrative ''eh''.<ref name=":3" /> It is a rarer form, and is claimed to be found primarily in oral evidence of Canadian origin.<ref name=":1" /> The final use of ''eh'' is as a [[metalinguistic]] commentary to express a link with Canada or rural Canada (5).<ref name=":3" /> This form is commentary on the Canadian status of ''eh'' and has contributed its share to the registration of ''eh'' and [[commodification]] of the form in association with Canada.<ref name=":3" /> A popular example of its use is in the phrase "How's it goin', ''eh''?"<ref name=":3" />

Due to English and French being [[Official bilingualism in Canada|Canada's official languages]], the popularity of ''eh''<nowiki/>'s usage in Canada is believed to be influenced by French.<ref name=":2" /> The [[French Canadian]] {{Lang|fr-ca|hein}} sounds similar to a nasalized Canadian ''eh'', and the two share similar functions. Due to this, the increased use of ''eh'' in Canada may have been influenced by the frequent use of ''{{Lang|fr-ca|hein}}'' in [[Canadian French]].<ref name=":2" />

The term is used most frequently among blue-collar workers, and the most popular form used is for opinions and exclamations.<ref name=":3" /> While there is a prevalent stereotype that men use ''eh'' more than women, survey results suggest similar use frequencies. Overall, between both men and women, the pardon-''eh'' is used much less than the observation-''eh''.<ref name=":2" /> The most positively viewed usage of ''eh'' is the imperative "I know, ''eh''?" form with the exclamation-''eh'' and opinion-''eh'' close behind.<ref name=":2" /> The most negatively viewed usage is the anecdotal, narrative-''eh''.<ref name=":2" /> This perception is due to opinions surrounding the speakers of the narrative-''eh'', who are categorized as uneducated, lower-class, rural, and male, akin to the [[Bob and Doug McKenzie|McKenzie brothers]] from the comedy sketch "Great White North," which first appeared during [[Second City Television]]'s (SCTV) third season.<ref name=":2" />

Regionally, while usage is similar across the ten provinces, with the use of ''eh'' not having changed significantly over the past 25 years, there is some variation.<ref name=":2" /> For example, in [[Quebec]], respondents use ''eh'' for 'pardon' more than other Canadians.<ref name=":2" /> While usage has not changed significantly across Canada, the overall frequency of ''eh'' has declined among speakers born in the 1960s or later. This decrease has been prevalent in big cities such as [[Vancouver]] and [[Toronto]].<ref name=":3" /> Despite this decline, there have been high recognition rates and uptake of the Canadian ''eh'' among immigrant populations.<ref name=":2" />

==== Iconography ====
''Eh'' has gained such recognition among Canadians that it is used consciously and frequently by newspaper journalists and others in informal articles and reports.<ref name=":3" /> Also, ''eh'' is attributed freely in reported conversations with all men, including athletes, professors, and politicians, such as [[Pierre Trudeau]].<ref name=":2" />

The prevalence of ''eh'' in Canadian iconography is strongly associated with its recognition as part of the Canadian national or regional identity. In print, it is used primarily to signify 'Canadian,' with many websites incorporating ''eh'' into their URLs to indicate a Canadian connection.<ref name=":2" /> It is also popularly incorporated into Canadian-targeted marketing campaigns, such as when [[Smarties]]' Canadian-themed packaging was labelled "SMARTIES ''eh''?"<ref name=":2" />

The usage of ''eh'' in Canada is occasionally mocked in the [[United States]], where some view its use as a stereotypical Canadianism. Such stereotypes have been reinforced in popular culture and were famously lampooned in ''[[South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut]]''. Singer [[Don Freed]], in his song "[[Saskatchewan]]," declares, "What is this '''Eh''?'-nonsense? I wouldn't speak like that if I were paid to". There are many products displaying the phrase, such as T-shirts and coffee mugs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Canada eh? |url=http://rockashirt.com/product_info.php?cPath=6536&products_id=4629 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120717022921/http://rockashirt.com/canada-canadian-funny-cool-shirt-white-p-4629.html |archive-date=July 17, 2012 |access-date=February 13, 2010 |website=Rock A Shirt}}</ref>

==== Future usage ====
The future of ''eh'' in Canada is vague but promising. Three critical factors that will shape the future of this expression include speaker attitudes, the possible replacement of the expressions by young speakers, and new Canadians' adoption of ''eh''.<ref name=":2" /> Students account for a large percentage of ''eh'' users and continue to contribute to the growing community.<ref name=":2" /> Because of this projected increase in the usage of ''eh'', the previous negative connotation surrounding the narrative-''eh'' will most likely dwindle.<ref name=":2" /> The future of ''eh'' is quite optimistic and there is room for expansion due to the various uses possible. In addition to the popularity amongst students, immigrants are essential to the future of ''eh''.<ref name=":2" /> Survey results on immigrant recognition of ''eh'' show that immigrants had high rates of recognition for most types of ''eh'', with opinion-''eh'' and exclamation-''eh'' at the top.<ref name=":2" /> The data shows that while the usage of ''eh'' in immigrant countries is different, it is still common.<ref name=":2" /> This shows that even though native speakers still use ''eh'' more frequently, the future of ''eh'' is still optimistic. Altogether, Canada's link with [[bilingualism]] has contributed to ''eh''<nowiki/>'s common usage, and its recognition amongst immigrants shows that ''eh'' will continue to be prevalent in Canadian culture.<ref name=":2" />

===New Zealand===

While not as commonly lampooned as the Canadian ''eh'', there are few features that are more eagerly recognized by [[New Zealanders]] as a marker of their identity than the tag particle ''eh'' (commonly spelt as ''ay'', although this has been contentious).<ref name="jstor.org">{{cite journal |jstor=4168535 |title=Sounds Pretty Ethnic, eh?: A Pragmatic Particle in New Zealand English |last=Meyerhoff |first=Miriam |journal=Language in Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |year=1994 |pages=367–388 |doi=10.1017/S0047404500018029 |s2cid=145168799}}</ref><ref name="newzealand.com">{{Cite web |title=New Zealand slang {{!}} 100% Pure New Zealand |url=https://www.newzealand.com/uk/new-zealand-slang/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=www.newzealand.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Ashleigh |date=2016-12-02 |title=A final, binding ruling on the correct spelling of the word "eh" |url=https://thespinoff.co.nz/books/02-12-2016/a-final-binding-ruling-on-the-correct-spelling-of-the-word-eh |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=The Spinoff |language=en}}</ref> New Zealanders use ''eh'' much more than Canadians, who are more famous for the word.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=MacManus |first=Joel |date=2019-06-28 |title=Why do New Zealanders say 'eh' so much? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113796639/why-do-new-zealanders-say-eh-so-much |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> This commonly used and referenced feature of [[New Zealand English]] (NZE) is one of great controversy to many communication scholars as it is both a mark of cultural identity and simultaneously a means to parody those of a lower socioeconomic status.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}} The use of ''eh'' in New Zealand is very common among all demographics.

Communications scholar [[Miriam Meyerhoff]] describes ''eh'' as a "validation checker" to create connections between speakers. She says that there are two main uses of the phrase: to signify a question, such as "You went to school in Christchurch, eh?"; or to confirm that the listener understands new information, such as "He was way bigger than me, eh". It is believed that ''eh'' became common in New Zealand due to similarity with the [[Māori language|Māori]] word {{Lang|mi|nē}}, which has a similar use.

A 1994 study by Meyerhoff sought to examine the function of ''eh'' in New Zealand culture. She hypothesized that ''eh'' did not function as a clarification device as frequently believed, but instead served as a means of establishing solidarity between individuals of similar ethnic descent. In her research, Meyerhoff analyzed conversations between an interviewer and an interviewee of either [[Pākehā]] or Māori descent and calculated the frequency of ''eh'' in the conversation. In order to yield the most natural speech, Meyerhoff instructed the interviewers to introduce themselves as a "friend of a friend", to their respective interviewees. Her results showed Māori men as the most frequent users of ''eh'' in their interviews. As Māori are typically of a lower socio-economic status, Meyerhoff proposed that ''eh'' functioned as a verbal cue that one reciprocated by another individual signified both shared identity and mutual acceptance. Therefore, in the context of Meyerhoff's research, ''eh'' can be equated as a device to establish and maintain a group identity.<ref name="jstor.org" /> This phenomenon sheds light on the continuous scholarly debate questioning if language determines culture or culture determines language.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}} In New Zealand ''eh'' is used more often by males than females, more by younger generations than older generations, and more by the middle class than the working class. Māori use ''eh'' about twice as much than Pākehā, irrespective of their gender, age or class.<ref name=":4" />

===England, Scotland and Ireland===
The usage of the word is widespread throughout much of the UK, particularly in  Eastern Scotland, the north of England, [[Northern Ireland]], and [[Wales]]. It is normally used to mean 'what?'. In [[Scotland]], mainly around the Tayside region, ''eh'' is also used as a shortened term for 'yes'. For example, "Are you going to the disco?" "Eh". In Aberdeen and the wider Doric [[Scots Language|Scots]] speaking area of [[Grampian]], ''eh'' is often used to end a sentence, as a continuation or sometimes, inflection is added and it's used as a confirmation, or with different inflection, a question. For example, "I was walking home, eh, and I saw a badger, eh", "It was a big car, eh" or "We're going to the co-op, eh?".

===Rest of the world===

''Eh?'' used to solicit agreement or confirmation is also heard regularly amongst speakers in [[Australia]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]]<ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Keevan |user=keevotv |number=1530318626481479682 |date=May 27, 2022 |title=Trinis and Eh... |access-date=June 5, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=eh |url=http://wiwords.com/word/eh |access-date=June 5, 2022 |website=Wiwords.com |language=en}}</ref> and the [[United Kingdom]] (where it is sometimes spelled [[Wiktionary:ay|''ay'']] on the assumption that ''eh'' would rhyme with [[Wiktionary:heh|''heh'']] or [[Wiktionary:meh|''meh'']]). In the [[Caribbean]] island of [[Barbados]] the word ''nuh'' acts similarly, as does ''noh'' in [[Surinamese Dutch]] and [[Sranantongo]]. The usage in [[New Zealand]] is similar, and is more common in the [[North Island]].{{cn|date=March 2024}} It is also heard in the [[United States]], especially [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], the [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan]] (although the [[North Germanic languages|Scandinavian]]-based [[Yooper dialect|Yooperism]] ''ya'' is more common), [[Oklahoma]], and the [[New England]] region. In [[New England]] and [[Oklahoma]], it is also used as a general exclamation as in Scotland and the Channel Islands of [[Jersey]] and [[Guernsey]].
It is occasionally used to express indifference, in a similar way to ''[[meh]]''.

Since usage of the word ''eh'' is not as common in the United States as it is in Canada, it is often used by Americans, and indeed Canadians themselves, to [[parody]] [[Canadian English]].

The equivalent in [[South African English]] is ''hey''. This usage is also common in [[Western Canada]].

''Eh'' is also used in [[Channel Island English#Guernsey English|Guernsey English]] and [[Channel Island English#Guernsey English|Jersey English]].

''Eh'' is very common in the [[English language|English]] spoken in the [[Seychelles]].

In Singapore, the use of medium [[Singlish]] often includes ''eh'' as an interjection, but it is not as popularly used as ''lah''. An example of a sentence that uses ''eh'' is "Dis guy Singlish damn good eh", meaning "this guy's Singlish is very good".

Similar to Singapore, Malaysia also uses ''eh'' in [[Manglish]] as an interjection. It is also used as an exclamation to express surprise, depending on the length and context of the ''eh''. It also depends how one sounds uses it as a short ''eh'' can be a sarcastic shock or a genuine one. Sometimes it can be used as the equivalent as ''oi'' when the speaker is being angry to the listener such as "Eh, hello!?" or "Eh, can you not!?". A long ''eeeh'' can be a disgusted shock, annoyance, or greater surprise. The ''eh'' usage here is similar to the Japanese usage. It is used by all Malaysians regardless of what language they are using.

==Similar terms in other languages== <!-- This section is linked from [[Pinyin]] -->
*''[[wiktionary:hè|Hè]]'' ('heh' {{audio|Nl-hè.ogg|Audio|lang=nl}}) (not to be confused with ''[[wiktionary:hé|hé]]'' ('hey' {{audio|Nl-hé.ogg|Audio|lang=nl}}), an informal [[greeting]] and (potentially rude) way of getting someone's attention is an informal yet very common [[Dutch Language|Dutch]] [[interjection]] that can be used as a brief exclamation to indicate confusion or surprise ('huh?'), in a prolonged manner when disappointed or annoyed ('aww'), or at the end of any sentence to form a [[tag question]]. The third usage is arguably the most popular. It very closely compares with "Eh" in Canadian English. In the regional dialects of Zealand and West Flanders, the corresponding and frequently used interjection {{Lang|nl|hé}}, is in fact pronounced the same as in English (note that the equivalent of Dutch {{IPA|[ɦ]}} is silent in [[Zeelandic|Zealandic]] and [[West Flemish]]).
*[[Japanese language|Japanese]] {{Lang|ja-latn|Hé?}}''/''{{Lang|ja|え}}''？'' ({{IPA|ja|heː|}}) is a common exclamation in Japanese and is used to express surprise. It is also used when the listener did not fully understand or hear what the speaker said. It can be lengthened to show greater surprise (e.g. {{Lang|ja-latn|Heeeeee?!}}). ''[[Ne (kana)|Ne]]'' and {{Lang|ja-latn|naa}} are extremely similar to the Canadian ''eh'', being statement ending particles which solicit or assume agreement, confirmation, or comprehension on the part of the listener. 
*[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] {{Lang|pt|né}}''?'', a contraction of {{Lang|pt|não é}}''?'' meaning 'isn't it?', is used to turn a statement into a question, even if no answer is expected, for emphasis or other objectives.
*{{Lang|pt|Hein}} is used in [[French language|French]] and in [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] in much the same way as in English.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}}
*{{Lang|mfe|Hain}} is used in [[Mauritian Creole]] and it can express a variety of ideas. It is generally used in context of a conversation and is generally interpreted very quickly.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}}
*{{Lang|de|Gell/gelle}} or {{Lang|de|oder}}, {{Lang|de|wa}}, {{Lang|de|wat}} or {{Lang|de|wahr}} ('true' or 'correct') or {{Lang|de|nä/ne/net}} (from {{Lang|de|nicht}}'','' 'not') are used in (very) colloquial [[German language|German]] to express a positive interrogative at the end of a sentence, much as ''eh'' is used in Canadian English. Statements expressed in Standard German are more commonly phrased in negative terms, and outside of colloquial usage the ending interrogative is often {{Lang|de|nicht wahr}}, which invites a response of {{Lang|de|stimmt}} ('agreed', literally 'that's right').{{citation needed|date=January 2012}}
*{{Lang|nl|Nietwaar}} is used in Dutch in the same way as {{Lang|nl|nicht wahr}} is in German.
*[[Spanish language|Spanish]] {{Lang|es|¿No?}}, literally translated to English as 'no', is often put at the end of a statement to change it into a question and give emphasis, i.e. {{Lang|es|Hace buen tiempo, '''¿no?'''}} ('The weather is nice, '''isn't it?'''<nowiki>'</nowiki>). {{Lang|es|Eh}} is also used as well for emphasis, as in {{Lang|es|¡Te vas a caer de la silla, '''eh'''!}} ('You're going to fall from the chair, '''if you keep doing that'''!'). ''[[Che (Spanish)|Che]]'' also has a similar function. 
*In [[Catalan language|Catalan]], {{Lang|ca|eh?}} is also commonly used.
*[[Swiss German]] {{Lang|gsw|oder}} meaning 'or' in English, is commonly used interrogatively as '... or what?' and {{Lang|gsw|gäll/gell}} at the end of sentences in German-speaking Switzerland, especially in the Zurich area. It is used more as a matter of conversational convention than for its meaning. The expression {{Lang|gsw|ni}} is used in highest Alemannic-speaking parts,{{clarify|date=January 2024}} and is used similarly to {{Lang|de|net}} in German. The term {{Lang|gsw|Äh}} is also used, which is pronounced similarly to ''eh'' in English and has the same meaning.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Babbel.com |last2=GmbH |first2=Lesson Nine |title=How To Say 'Hello' In 21 Different Languages |url=https://www.babbel.com/en/magazine/how-to-say-hello-in-10-different-languages |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=Babbel Magazine |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] {{lang|az-latn|ha?}}, {{lang|az-latn|hı?}}, {{lang|az-latn|hay?}},<ref name="obastan">{{cite web |url=https://obastan.com/az/dict/syn/word/659620-HAY |title=HAY |website=Obastan |language=az |access-date=July 1, 2019 }}</ref> and {{lang|az-latn|hıy?}} are commonly used as 'huh?'. Alternatively, {{lang|az-latn|hə?}} 'yes?', and {{lang|az-latn|düzdür?}} 'is it correct?' can be used as 'isn't it?'.
*[[Urdu|Pakistani Urdu]] {{lang|ur|ہیں؟|rtl=yes}} is used to mean 'what? say it again'.
*[[Egyptian Arabic]] {{lang|arz|ايه؟|rtl=yes}} ({{IPA|ar|ˈeːh|}}) is used to mean 'what? say it again'. It could also mean 'what's wrong?' either in a concerned manner or a more aggressive one, depending on the tone used to pose the question. Besides, it could refer to an exclamation.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}}
*[[Levantine Arabic]] {{lang|apc|ايش|rtl=yes}} or {{lang|apc|شو|rtl=yes}} ({{lang|apc-latn|esh}}, {{lang|apc-latn|shoo}}) as 'what?'.
*[[Gulf Arabic]] {{lang|afb|وشو|rtl=yes}} ({{lang|afb-latn|wisho}}) is used to mean 'what?'.
*[[Regional Italian]] {{lang|it|neh}} is used in regional Northern Italian as spoken in [[Piedmont]], [[Lombardy|Western Lombardy]] (Northwestern Italy), and the [[Ticino]] (Southern Switzerland), with the meaning of "isn't it true?". It comes from the expression in the local languages ([[Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]] and [[Lombard Language|Lombard]]) {{lang|pms|N'è (mia/pa) vera?}}, which means, once again, 'isn't it true?'<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/neh/ |title=neh |website=Vocabolario - Treccani |language=it |access-date=May 4, 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003150514/http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/neh/ |archive-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[English interjections]]
*[[Discourse marker]]
*[[Canadian English]]

==References==
{{Wiktionary|eh}}
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Culture of Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian English]]
[[Category:Culture of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Interjections]]
[[Category:Interrogative words and phrases]]
[[Category:English words]]
[[Category:Canadiana]]