Editing Elbert Hubbard

{{Short description|American writer and philosopher (1856-1915)}}
{{About|the American writer and philosopher|the American politician|Elbert H. Hubbard}}
{{Infobox person
| name         = Elbert Hubbard
| image        = Elbert Hubbard - Project Gutenberg eText 12933.jpg
| caption      = Elbert Hubbard 
| birth_name   = Elbert Green Hubbard 
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|1856|6|19}}
| birth_place  = [[Bloomington, Illinois]], U.S.
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|1915|05|07|1856|06|19}}
| death_place  = {{RMS|Lusitania}}, [[Atlantic Ocean]], off the [[Old Head of Kinsale]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
| other_names  = 
| occupation   = Writer, publisher, artist, philosopher
| years_active = 
| spouse       = {{Unbulleted list|[[Bertha Crawford Hubbard]] (divorced)|[[Alice Moore Hubbard]] (1904–1915, their death)}}
| children     = 5 
}}

'''Elbert Green Hubbard''' (June 19, 1856 – May 7, 1915) was an American writer, publisher, artist, and philosopher.  Raised in [[Hudson, Illinois]], he had early success as a traveling salesman for the [[Larkin Company|Larkin Soap Company]]. Hubbard is known best as the founder of the [[Roycroft]] artisan community in [[East Aurora, New York]], an influential exponent of the [[Arts and Crafts movement]].

Among Hubbard's many publications were the fourteen-volume work ''Little Journeys to the Homes of the Great'' and the short publication ''[[A Message to Garcia]]''.  He and his second wife, [[Alice Moore Hubbard]], died aboard the [[RMS Lusitania|RMS ''Lusitania'']] when it was torpedoed and sunk by German submarine [[SM U-20 (Germany)|SM ''U-20'']] off the coast of Ireland on May 7, 1915.

==Early life==
Hubbard was born in [[Bloomington, Illinois]], to Silas Hubbard and Juliana Frances Read on June 19, 1856.  In the autumn of 1855, his parents had relocated to Bloomington from [[Buffalo, New York]], where his father had a medical practice. Finding it difficult to settle in Bloomington—mainly due to the presence of several already established doctors—Silas moved his family to [[Hudson, Illinois]], the next year.<ref name=Champney/>{{rp|7}} Nicknamed "Bertie" by his family, Elbert had two older siblings: Charlie, who was largely bed-ridden after a fall when he was young, and Hannah Frances, nicknamed "Frank" like her mother.<ref name=Champney/>{{rp|10–11}} Charlie died at the age of nine, when Elbert was three-and-a-half years old.  Elbert also had three younger sisters who were named Mary, Anna Miranda, and Honor.<ref name=Champney/>{{rp|11–12}}

The Hubbard children attended the local public school, a small building with two rooms that overlooked a graveyard. Thirty years later, Elbert described his schooling days as "splendid" and "tinged with no trace of blue.... I had no ambitions then—I was sure that some day I could spell down the school, propound a problem in fractions that would puzzle the teacher, and play checkers in a way that would cause my name to be known throughout the entire township."<ref name=Champney/>{{rp|14}} Mary would remember her older brother's role as a school troublemaker, noting that he "annoyed his teachers... occasionally by roaring inappropriately when his too-responsive sense of humor was tickled."<ref name=Champney/>{{rp|15}}

Elbert's first business venture was selling [[Larkin Company|Larkin soap]] products, a career which eventually brought him to [[Buffalo, New York]]. His innovations for Larkin included premiums and "leave on trial".<ref name=LarkinCo/>

==Roycroft==
[[File:Elbert Hubbard - Project Gutenberg etext 17504.jpg|thumb|Elbert Hubbard illustrated in the frontispiece of ''The Mintage''.]]

{{blockquote|Hubbard ... was reborn, in middle age, as Fra Elbertus, the owner, leader, prophet, and boss of [[Roycroft]], a quasi-communal, neomedievalist (after [[William Morris]]), semiutopian community of residences and shops that specialized in the printing of handsome leather-bound, hand-illumined books, and in the manufacture of furniture, pottery, leather goods, rugs, baskets, stained-glass lamps and windows, candy, painting, music, all of which bore the Roycroft name.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L2dTB9R-Mz4C&pg=PA25|page=25|isbn = 9780838750865|author=Brevda, William|title = Harry Kemp, the Last Bohemian|year = 1986|publisher = Bucknell University Press}}</ref>}}

His best-known work came after he founded [[Roycroft]], an Arts and Crafts community in East Aurora, New York, in 1895. This grew from his private press which he had initiated in collaboration with his first wife [[Bertha Crawford Hubbard]], the Roycroft Press, inspired by [[William Morris]]' [[Kelmscott Press]].<ref name=Gallimore/> Although called the "Roycroft Press" by latter-day collectors and print historians, the organization called itself "The Roycrofters" and "The Roycroft Shops".<ref name="hilary davis">{{cite web|last1=Davis|first1=Hilary|title=The Roycroft Community: 1894–1938|url=http://www.arts-crafts.com/archive/hdavis.shtml|website=arts-crafts.com|publisher=The Arts & Crafts Society|access-date=2 November 2015|archive-date=17 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317001940/http://www.arts-crafts.com/archive/hdavis.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Hubbard edited and published two magazines, ''[[The Philistine—A Periodical of Protest]]'' and ''[[The FRA--A Journal of Affirmation]]''. ''The Philistine'' was bound in brown butcher paper and featuring largely satire and whimsy. (Hubbard himself quipped that the cover was butcher paper because: "There is meat inside.")<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bond|first1=Guy Loraine|title=Deeds of Men|date=1962|publisher=Lyons and Carnahan|location=Chicago|page=266}}</ref> The Roycrofters produced handsome, if sometimes eccentric, books printed on handmade paper, and operated a fine bindery, a furniture shop, and shops producing modeled leather and hammered copper goods. They were a leading producer of [[Mission style furniture|Mission style products]].

Hubbard's second wife, [[Alice Moore Hubbard]], was a graduate of the [[New Thought]]-oriented [[Emerson College|Emerson College of Oratory]] in Boston and a noted [[women's suffrage|suffragist]]. The Roycroft Shops became a site for meetings and conventions of [[Extremism|radicals]], [[Freethought|freethinker]]s, reformers, and suffragists. Hubbard became a popular lecturer, and his homespun philosophy evolved from a loose William Morris-inspired [[socialism]] to an ardent defense of free enterprise and American know-how. Hubbard was mocked in the Socialist press for "selling out". He replied that he had not given up any ideal of his, but had simply lost faith in Socialism as a means of realizing them.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Standard Oil Company and Elbert Hubbard|journal=Watson's Jeffersonian Magazine|date=July 1910|volume=5|issue=1|pages=540–43|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nmYAAAAAYAAJ&q=elbert+hubbard+selling+out&pg=PA543|access-date=2 November 2015|last1=Watson|first1=Thomas Edward}}</ref>

An example of his trenchant critical style may be found in his saying that prison is, "An example of a Socialist's Paradise, where equality prevails, everything is supplied and competition is eliminated."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hubbard|first1=Elbert|title=The Philistine, a Periodical of Protest – Volume 35|date=June 1912|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1k4LAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA203|pages=2–3}}</ref>

In 1908, Hubbard was the main speaker at the annual meeting of [[The Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves]].<ref name=Dedham/> Before he died, Hubbard planned to write a story about [[Felix Flying Hawk]], the only son of Chief [[Flying Hawk]]. Hubbard had learned about Flying Hawk during 1915 from [[Major Israel McCreight]].<ref name=McCreight/>

In 1912, the passenger liner ''[[RMS Titanic]]'' sank after hitting an [[iceberg]]. Hubbard subsequently wrote of the disaster,<ref name=Titanic/> singling out the story of [[Ida Straus]], who as a woman was supposed to be placed on a lifeboat in precedence to the men, but refused to board the boat, and leave her husband.{{efn|Hubbard wrote of Mrs. Straus saying, "Not I—I will not leave my husband. All these years we've traveled together, and shall we part now? No, our fate is one."<ref name=Titanic/> Three years later, Hubbard and his wife both died in the sinking of the ''Lusitania''.}} Hubbard then added his own commentary: 
{{quote|Mr. and Mrs. Straus, I envy you that legacy of love and loyalty left to your children and grandchildren. The calm courage that was yours all your long and useful career was your possession in death. You knew how to do three great things—you knew how to live, how to love and how to die. One thing is sure, there are just two respectable ways to die. One is of old age, and the other is by accident. All disease is indecent. Suicide is atrocious. But to pass out as did Mr. and Mrs. Isidor Straus is glorious. Few have such a privilege. Happy lovers, both. In life they were never separated and in death they are not divided."<ref name=Titanic/>}}

==Conviction and pardon==
At the beginning of [[World War I]], Hubbard published a great deal of related commentary in ''The Philistine'' and became anxious to cross the ocean, report on the war and interview the Kaiser himself. However, Hubbard had pleaded guilty on January 11, 1913, in the court of U.S. District Court Judge [[John R. Hazel]] for violating Section 211 of the penal code.<ref name=RomeDS/> Hubbard was convicted on one count of circulating "objectionable" (or "obscene") matter in violation of the postal laws.<ref name=BostonES/>

Hubbard requested a presidential pardon from [[William Howard Taft]], but the administration discarded the request as "premature".<ref name=pardonpower/> When his application for a passport was denied in 1915, Hubbard went directly to the White House and pleaded with [[Woodrow Wilson]]'s personal secretary, [[Joseph Patrick Tumulty|Joseph P. Tumulty]]. At the time, the President was in the midst of a cabinet meeting, but Tumulty interrupted and, as a result, the Secretary of State ([[William Jennings Bryan]]) and Attorney General [[Thomas Watt Gregory|Thomas Gregory]] were also able to hear of Hubbard's situation and need.<ref name=NYTimes/>

The pardon was found to be appropriate, and Hubbard's clemency application process lasted exactly one day.<ref name=USAG/> Seventy-five percent of those petitioning for clemency during that fiscal year were not so fortunate; their requests were denied or adversely reported or no action was taken.<ref name=USAG/> On receiving his pardon, Hubbard obtained a passport and, on May 1, 1915, left with his wife on a voyage to Europe.{{efn|The original copy is on display at the Elbert Hubbard–Roycroft Museum.<ref name=OrigCopy/>}}

==Death==
A little more than three years after the sinking of the ''Titanic'', the Hubbards boarded the {{RMS|Lusitania}} in [[New York City]].  On May 7, 1915, while at sea 11 miles (18&nbsp;km) off the [[Old Head of Kinsale]], [[Ireland]], the ship was hit by a single torpedo and sunk by the German [[U-boat]] {{SMU|U-20|Germany|2}}.<ref name="diary">{{cite web |title=English Translation of His Majesty's Submarine U-20 War Diary |url=https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/english-translation-u20-war-diary}}</ref> His end seems to have followed the pattern he had admired in Mrs. Straus. In a letter to Elbert Hubbard&nbsp;II dated March 12, 1916, Ernest C. Cowper, a survivor of this event, wrote:<ref name=MSGrp17/>

{{Quote|I cannot say specifically where your father and Mrs. Hubbard were when the torpedoes hit, but I can tell you just what happened after that. They emerged from their room, which was on the port side of the vessel, and came on to the boat-deck.

Neither appeared perturbed in the least. Your father and Mrs. Hubbard linked arms—the fashion in which they always walked the deck—and stood apparently wondering what to do. I passed him with a baby which I was taking to a lifeboat when he said, "Well, Jack, they have got us. They are a damn sight worse than I ever thought they were."

They did not move very far away from where they originally stood. As I moved to the other side of the ship, in preparation for a jump when the right moment came, I called to him, "What are you going to do?" and he just shook his head, while Mrs. Hubbard smiled and said, "There does not seem to be anything to do."
 
The expression seemed to produce action on the part of your father, for then he did one of the most dramatic things I ever saw done. He simply turned with Mrs. Hubbard and entered a room on the top deck, the door of which was open, and closed it behind him.

It was apparent that his idea was that they should die together, and not risk being parted on going into the water.}}

The Roycroft Shops, managed by Hubbard's son, Elbert Hubbard&nbsp;II, operated until 1938.<ref name=ViaSearl1994/>

== Personal life ==

{{Quote box
 |quote  = I am an Anarchist. All good men are Anarchists. All cultured, kindly men; all gentlemen; all just men are Anarchists. Jesus was an Anarchist.
 |source = Elbert Hubbard, ''A Message to Garcia and Thirteen Other Things'' p.147
 |width  = 23%
 |align  = right
}}
Hubbard described himself as an [[anarchism|anarchist]] and a [[socialist]].<ref name=MsgGarcia/>{{rp|149}} He believed in social, economic, domestic, political, mental and spiritual freedom.<ref name=MsgGarcia/>{{rp|ii}} In ''A Message to Garcia and Thirteen Other Things'' (1901), Hubbard explained his ''Credo'' by writing "I believe [[John Ruskin]], [[William Morris]], [[Henry David Thoreau|Henry Thoreau]], [[Walt Whitman]] and [[Leo Tolstoy]] to be Prophets of God, and they should rank in mental reach and spiritual insight with [[Elijah]], [[Hosea]], [[Ezekiel]] and [[Isaiah]]."<ref name=MsgGarcia/>{{rp|i}}

Hubbard wrote a critique of war, law and government in the booklet ''Jesus Was An Anarchist'' (1910). Originally published as ''The Better Part'' in ''A Message to Garcia and Thirteen Other Things'', the essay was described by [[Ernest Howard Crosby]] as "The best thing Elbert ever wrote."<ref name=JesusAna/>

Another book which was written by Hubbard is titled ''Health and Wealth''. It was published in 1908 and includes many short [[truism]]s.

== Legacy ==

Contributors to a 360-page book published by Roycrofters and titled ''[[In Memoriam: Elbert and Alice Hubbard]]'' included such celebrities as meat-packing magnate [[J.&nbsp;Ogden Armour]], business theorist and [[Babson College]] founder [[Roger Babson]], botanist and horticulturalist [[Luther Burbank]], seed-company founder [[W.&nbsp;Atlee Burpee]], [[ketchup]] magnate [[Henry J. Heinz]], [[National Park Service]] founder [[Franklin Knight Lane]], success writer [[Orison Swett Marden]], inventor of the modern comic strip [[Richard F. Outcault]], poet [[James Whitcomb Riley]], Nobel Peace Prize recipient [[Elihu Root]], evangelist [[Billy Sunday]], intellectual [[Booker T. Washington]], and poet [[Ella Wheeler Wilcox]].<ref>Hoyle, John T. [https://archive.org/stream/inmemoriumhub00hoylrich#page/n7/mode/2up ''In memoriam: Elbert and Alice Hubbard'']. East Aurora, N.Y.: The Roycrofters, 1915.</ref>

Hubbard's ''Message to Garcia'' essay was adapted into two movies: the 1916 silent movie ''[[A Message to Garcia (1916 film)|A Message to Garcia]]'' and the 1936 movie ''[[A Message to Garcia (1936 film)|A Message to Garcia]]''.

[[Mack Bolan]], the main character of [[Don Pendleton]]'s fiction series ''[[The Executioner (book series)|The Executioner]]'', frequently cites as inspiration a Hubbard quote, "God will not look you over for medals, diplomas, or degrees – but for scars."<ref name=PendletonMM/><ref name=PendletonFF/>

The phrase "The graveyards are full of indispensable men" may have originated with Hubbard.<ref name=QuoteIn/>

A quote of Hubbard's from his biography of American automotive developer John North Willys, "Do nothing, say nothing, and be nothing, and you'll never be criticized", is often misattributed to Aristotle.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://philosiblog.com/2013/07/12/to-avoid-criticism-say-nothing-do-nothing-and-be-nothing/ |title = To avoid criticism say nothing, do nothing, and be nothing|date = 2013-07-12}}</ref>

Other quotes include <ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/elbert-hubbard-quotes |title = Brainy Quote - Elbert Hubbard Quotes}}</ref> 
* Do not take life too seriously. You will never get out of it alive.
* In order to have friends, you must first be one.
* Never explain - your friends do not need it and your enemies will not believe you anyway.

The Elbert Hubbard Roycroft Museum is at the [[George and Gladys Scheidemantel House]] in [[East Aurora, New York]]. The museum features furniture and decorative items produced by the [[Roycroft]] community.

== Selected works ==
*''Forbes of Harvard'' (1894)
*''No Enemy But Himself'' (1894)
*''Little Journeys to the Homes of the Great'' (1895–1910)
*''The Legacy'' (1896)
*''[[A Message to Garcia]]'' (1899)
*''A Message to Garcia and Thirteen Other Things'' (1901)
*''Love, Life and Work'' (1906)
* “A Dozen & Two Pastelles in Prose by Elbert Hubbard,
Being impressions of the Wanamaker Stores, written in as many moods (1907)
*''White Hyacinths'' (1907)
*''Health and Wealth'' (1908)
*''The Doctors'' (1909)
*''The Mintage'' (1910)
*''Jesus Was An Anarchist'' (1910), also published as ''The Better Part''
*[https://books.googleusercontent.com/books/content?req=AKW5Qaf_yViB1BatzmpH9V4MPqGw_tXcxJxFtdzuTZIDXi9SCAMXFA5iGbqk3CqFrWtsRvU3hLle_Ol29geO9e7MOaxhJhY8ORPiVwzo6ijhJg8o3jqLHUmZXacEJxUYCAl_nGctCA9YyfuwyjE_9CwU_Qp9hC7H85K7ENQWAPWEUMMMEOg3C-YK3xQOOgbAULCT34iSqhHhhFvqG02A2NnGzZ11zOCl1Y7_aKN80-prlMi5RMMgUHZ-DuFlyMTfQ_23y93W7jlz ''An American Bible'' (1911) Alice Hubbard, Editor]
*''The Silver Arrow'' (1923)
*''Elbert Hubbard's Scrap Book'' (1923)
*''The Note Book of Elbert Hubbard'' (1927)
*''The Philosophy of Elbert Hubbard'' (1930)

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="170">
Image:Visitor Center, Roycroft Campus, East Aurora, NY.jpg|Roycroft Campus Visitor Center, June 2019
Image:RoycroftCampusWelcome.jpg|Roycroft Campus welcome sign, 2008
Image:RoycroftSign.JPG|Sign about Elbert Hubbard
</gallery>

== See also ==
*[[When life gives you lemons, make lemonade]] – a proverbial phrase based on a quote by E. Hubbard
{{Portal bar|Philosophy|Anarchism|Christianity|Illinois}}

== Explanatory notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=MsgGarcia>{{cite book|title=A Message to Garcia and Thirteen Other Things |first=Elbert |last=Hubbard |year=1901 |url=https://archive.org/stream/messagetogarciat00hubb#page/148/mode/2up|publisher=East Aurora, New York : Roycrofters }}</ref>
<ref name=JesusAna>{{cite book|title=Jesus Was An Anarchist|first=Elbert |last=Hubbard |year=1910 |url=https://archive.org/stream/JesusWasAnAnarchist/hubbard#page/n0/mode/2up|publisher=Labadie, Detroit }}</ref>
<ref name=Gallimore>{{cite book |last=Gallimore |first=Andrew |title=Occupation: Prizefighter The Freddie Welsh Story |year=2006 |publisher=Seren |location=Bridgend |page=159 |isbn=978-1-85411-395-5}}</ref>
<ref name=Dedham>{{cite journal |first=Elbert |last=Hubbard |title=A New Club! |journal=The Fra |issue=January to June 1909}}</ref>
<ref name=McCreight>{{cite book |first=M. I. |last=McCreight |chapter=The Story of Felix Flying Hawk: Rustler Victim |title=The Wigwam: Puffs from the Peace Pipe |pages=36–38 |publisher=Nupp Printing Co |location=Sykesville, Pa. |year=1943}}</ref>
<ref name=Champney>{{cite book |last=Champney |first=Freeman |title=Art & Glory: The Story of Elbert Hubbard |year=1983 |publisher=Kent State University Press |isbn=978-0-87338-295-3}}</ref>
<ref name=Titanic>{{cite journal |last=Hubbard |first=Elbert |title=The Titanic |journal=The Fra |volume=IX |issue=2 |date=May 1912 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=inY-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PP59}}</ref>
<ref name=RomeDS>{{cite news |url=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%2023/Rome%20NY%20Daily%20Sentinel/Rome%20NY%20Daily%20Sentinel%201913/Rome%20NY%20Daily%20Sentinel%201913%20-%200077.pdf |title=Elbert Hubbard Guilty |date=January 11, 1913 |newspaper=Rome Daily Sentinel}}</ref>
<ref name=BostonES>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2249&dat=19130116&id=EqY-AAAAIBAJ&pg=2395,2817202 |title=The Conviction of Hubbard |newspaper=Boston Evening Transcript |date=January 16, 1913}}</ref> 
<ref name=pardonpower>{{cite web |url=http://www.pardonpower.com/2012/09/making-o-henry-proud-classic-pardon-tale.html |title=Making O. Henry Proud: A Classic Pardon Tale |website=Pardon Power |date=September 15, 2012 |last=Ruckman |first=P.S. |access-date=November 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620133252/http://www.pardonpower.com/2012/09/making-o-henry-proud-classic-pardon-tale.html |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name=NYTimes>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10814FF345A12738FDDA00894DD405B858DF1D3 |title=Hubbard Just Pardoned |newspaper=New York Times |date=May 9, 1915}}</ref>
<ref name=USAG>{{cite book |title=Annual report of the Attorney General of the United States |author=Department of Justice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uh1KAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA347 |year=1915 |page=347}}</ref>
<ref name=OrigCopy>{{cite web |url=http://roycroftcampuscorporation.typepad.com/roycroftcampuscorporation/2007/05/president_woodr.html |title=President Woodrow Wilson Sealed the Fate of Elbert Hubbard |date=May 8, 2007 |website=Roycroft Campus Corporation |access-date=November 18, 2014}}</ref>
<ref name=MSGrp17>{{cite web |url=http://www.lib.iup.edu/depts/speccol/All%20Finding%20Aids/Finding%20aids/MG%20or%20Col/MG17Hubbard.pdf |title=Elbert Hubbard Papers Manuscript Group #17 |publisher=Indiana University of Pennsylvania |access-date=November 18, 2014}}  Also, {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9wqAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA17 |title=Selected Writings of Elbert Hubbard |year=1922 |pages=16–17 |publisher=The Roycrofters}}</ref>
<ref name=PendletonMM>{{cite book |last=Pendleton |first=Don |title=Monday's Mob |year=1978 |publisher=Pinnacle Books |isbn=978-0-523-41815-5 |page=166}}</ref>
<ref name=PendletonFF>{{cite book |last=Pendleton |first=Don |title=Friday's Feast |url=https://archive.org/details/fridaysfeast0000pend |url-access=registration |year=1979 |publisher=Pinnacle| isbn=978-0-523-41883-4 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fridaysfeast0000pend/page/79 79]}}</ref>
<ref name=QuoteIn>{{cite web |url=http://quoteinvestigator.com/2011/11/21/graveyards-full/ |title=The Graveyards Are Full of Indispensable Men |first=Garson |last=O'Toole |date=November 21, 2011 |website=Quote Investigator |access-date=May 23, 2014}}</ref>
<ref name=ViaSearl1994>{{cite book|first1=Marie |last1=Via |first2=Marjorie B. |last2=Searl |title=Head, Heart, and Hand: Elbert Hubbard and the Roycrofters |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v-pp0Q_MXsgC&pg=PA37 |year=1994 |publisher=University Rochester Press |isbn=978-1-878822-44-4 |page=37}}</ref>
<ref name=LarkinCo>{{cite web |url=http://www.monroefordham.org/Projects/Larkin/history.htm |title=A Brief History of the Larkin Company |website=The Larkin Collection |publisher=The Monroe Fordham Regional History Center |access-date=November 19, 2014}}</ref>
}}

==Further reading==
* Hamilton, Charles Franklin. ''As Bees in Honey Drown; Elbert Hubbard and the Roycrofters'' (1973. South Brunswick: A.S. Barnes) {{ISBN|978-0-498-01052-1}}.
* Lane, Albert. ''Elbert Hubbard And His Work: A Biography, A Sketch, And A Bibliography'' (1901. The Blanchard Press) {{ISBN|978-0-554-84254-7}}.
* Leuchtenburg, William E. ''American Places: Encounters with History'' (2002. Oxford University Press) {{ISBN|978-0-19-515245-6}}.
*Rice, Donald Tunnicliff, ''Cast in Deathless Bronze: Andrew Rowan, The Spanish–American War, and the Origins of American Empire'' (2016. The West Virginia University Press) {{ISBN|978-1-943665-43-3}}
* Walsdorf, Jack. ''Elbert Hubbard, William Morris's Greatest Imitator'' (1999. Yellow Barn Press)

==External links==
{{commons}}
{{wikiquote}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=228}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Elbert Green Hubbard}}
* {{Librivox author |id=3471}}
* [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000679447 ''The Philistine''] at the [[HathiTrust]]
* [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/012102912 ''The Fra''] at the [[HathiTrust]]
*{{OL author|114412A}}
*[https://www.pbs.org/wned/elbert-hubbard/ "Elbert Hubbard: An American Original", November 2009—PBS / WNED] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091126034539/http://www.pbs.org/wned/elbert-hubbard |date=2009-11-26 }}
*[http://www.roycrofter.com/ The Roycrofter Website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190323013106/https://www.hrc.utexas.edu/collections/manuscripts/  The Elbert Hubbard papers at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at The University of Texas at Austin]
*[http://findingaid.winterthur.org/html/HTML_Finding_Aids/COL0254.htm The Winterthur Library] Overview of an archival collection on Elbert Hubbard.
* [http://digital.library.villanova.edu/Hubbard%20Collection/ Hubbard Collection] is located at the [http://digital.library.villanova.edu/ Special Collections/Digital Library] in [http://library.villanova.edu/ Falvey Memorial Library] at Villanova University.

{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:1856 births]]
[[Category:1915 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century American writers]]
[[Category:20th-century American essayists]]
[[Category:19th-century American philosophers]]
[[Category:20th-century American philosophers]]
[[Category:Arts and Crafts movement]]
[[Category:American anarchists]]
[[Category:American magazine editors]]
[[Category:American publishers (people)]]
[[Category:Writers from Bloomington, Illinois]]
[[Category:Deaths on the RMS Lusitania]]
[[Category:Writers from New York (state)]]
[[Category:People from McLean County, Illinois]]
[[Category:People from East Aurora, New York]]
[[Category:Journalists from Illinois]]
[[Category:Private press movement people]]
[[Category:American socialists]]