Editing Estimated sign

{{Short description|Mark to affirm approximate contents (℮)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}{{Infobox symbol
|sign=℮
|unicode={{unichar|212E|ESTIMATED SYMBOL|html=}}
|different from={{unichar|0065}}
}}
[[Image:Estimated sign detail.svg|thumb|Estimated symbol specification]]

The '''estimated sign'''<ref>{{cite web |title=20200603 GHSC-PSMDataSyncAttributeGuide_V3 {{!}} Code lists |url=https://ghsupplychain.org/sites/default/files/2020-06/20200603%20GHSC-PSMDataSyncAttributeGuide_V3.xlsx |publisher=[[USAID]] |date=2020-06-03}}</ref> or '''estimated symbol''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Letterlike Symbols |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/nameslist/n_2100.html |publisher=[[Unicode Consortium]] |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref> <big>'''{{char|℮}}'''</big>, (officially, the '''℮-mark'''<ref>{{cite web |title=℮-mark | url=https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/emark/index_en.htm  |work=Your Europe |publisher= European Commission}}</ref> or the '''final EC verification mark''' in EU law,<ref name="2009/34/EC" />) can be found on most prepackaged products in the [[European Union]] (EU). Its use indicates that the prepackage fulfils [[EU Directive]] 76/211/EEC,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Directive - 76/211 - EN - EUR-Lex |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/1976/211/oj/eng |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=eur-lex.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> which specifies the maximum permitted [[Engineering tolerance|tolerance]]s in package content. 

The shape and dimensions of the e-mark are defined in EU Directive 2009/34/EC.<ref name="2009/34/EC">{{Citation|title=Directive 2009/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 relating to common provisions for both measuring instruments and methods of metrological control (Recast) (Text with EEA relevance)|date=2009-04-28|url=http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2009/34/oj/eng|volume=OJ L|issue=32009L0034|language=en|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref> The e-mark is also used on prepackages in the United Kingdom, Australia and South Africa.
It must be placed in the same field of vision as the nominal weight or volume quantity, for example, "1{{nbsp}}mg{{thinspace}}℮" or "1{{nbsp}}L{{thinspace}}℮".

== Functions ==
The estimated sign indicates that:
* the [[average]] quantity of product in a batch of prepackages shall not be less than the [[Real versus nominal value|nominal quantity]] stated on the label;
* the proportion of individual prepackages having a negative error greater than the tolerable negative error shall be sufficiently small for batches of prepackages to satisfy the requirements of the official reference test as specified in legislation;
* none of the prepackages marked have a negative error greater than twice the tolerable negative error (since no such prepackage may bear the sign).

The scope of the directive is limited to prepackages that have a predetermined nominal weight of between 5&nbsp;g and 10&nbsp;kg or volume of 5&nbsp;ml and 10&nbsp;L, are filled without the purchaser present, and in which the quantity cannot be altered without opening or destroying the packing material.{{Multiple image
| direction         = horizontal
| total_width       = 360
| image1            = Eu-estimation-tolerance-absolute.svg
| perrow            = 2 / 1
| image2            = Eu-estimation-tolerance-relative.svg
| image3            = Tablewithtolerablenegativeerrorcalculations.jpg
| caption1          = Absolute error tolerances
| caption2          = Relative error tolerances. The percentages are rounded up to the nearest 0.1{{nbsp}}g.
| caption3          = Table showing calculated TNE's and the relevant weights
}}

The sign looks like a stylised lowercase "[[e]]" and its shape, {{char|℮}}, is precisely defined by the European Union Directive 2009/34/EC. It must be placed in the same field of vision as the nominal quantity. The sign has been added to the [[Unicode]] list of characters as {{unichar|212E}}.

== Tolerable negative error ==
Error tolerance decreases as nominal quantity increases, by alternating intervals of a given [[Approximation error|''percentage'' error]] with intervals of a given ''amount'' error: these interpolate between the stepwise decreases in percentage error. The estimated sign indicates that the average quantity of product in a batch of prepackages is not less than the nominal quantity stated on the label.

The tolerable negative error is related to the nominal quantity and varies between 9 per cent on prepackages nominally 50{{Nbsp}}g or 50{{Nbsp}}ml or less, to 1.5 per cent on prepackages nominally 1 kilogram or 1 litre or more. The tolerable error decreases as nominal quantity increases, and is done by alternating intervals where there is a percentage error and intervals where there is a fixed error (and thus over those intervals the ''percentage'' error decreases).

:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Table of tolerable negative errors
|-
! Nominal quantity<br>in g or ml
!Tolerable negative<br>error
|-
| {{0|0000}}5–50{{0|000}} ||9%
|-
| {{0|000}}50–100{{0|00}} ||4.5 units
|-
| {{0|00}}100–200{{0|00}} ||4.5%
|-
| {{0|00}}200–300{{0|00}} ||9 units
|-
| {{0|00}}300–500{{0|00}} ||3%
|-
| {{0|00}}500–1000{{0}} ||15 units
|-
| {{0}}1000–10000 ||1.5%
|}
==See also==
* [[CE marking]] (stylized [[File:Conformité Européenne (logo).svg|14px|baseline|alt=CЄ]])
* [[EC identification and health marks]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.evertype.com/standards/euro/estimated/ Evertype article]
*[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31976L0211:EN:NOT Council Directive of 20 January 1976] on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making-up by weight or by volume of certain prepackaged products
*[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=LEGISSUM:l32029 Summary of EU Legislation] on Pre-packed products – how to fill and label the package

[[Category:Symbols]]
[[Category:EN standards]]