Editing Extinction chess

{{short description|Chess variant}}
'''Extinction chess''' is a [[chess variant]] invented by [[R. Wayne Schmittberger]],{{efn|Using pseudonym Paddy Smith.}} editor of ''[[Games (magazine)|Games]]'' magazine, in 1985.{{sfnp|Pritchard|2007|p=84}}{{sfnp|Pritchard|1994|pp=105–06}} Instead of [[checkmate]] as the winning condition, the object of the game is the elimination of all of a particular [[Chess piece|type of piece]] of the opponent. In other words, the objective is any of the following:

* capture all the opponent's kings;
* capture all the opponent's queens;
* capture all the opponent's rooks;
* capture all the opponent's bishops;
* capture all the opponent's knights;
* eliminate all of the opponent's pawns, by capturing or by [[Promotion (chess)|promotion]].

A promoted pawn is considered no longer a pawn. By the same token, if a player already has a queen, and promotes a pawn to another queen, then both queens would need to be captured to make them extinct.

The king is not a special piece in this game, and it is legal to promote a pawn to a king. It is also legal to castle when in check, or to castle through check. The other rules of castling are the same: the king and the rook must not have previously moved, and there must be no pieces in between. Similarly, rooks, bishops, and queens may freely cross attacked squares, even if they are the last of their type.

Both sides can suffer an extinction on the same move, if pawn promotion is involved. For example, White might have a last pawn on b7, and Black a last bishop on c8; then if White plays bxc8=Q, it causes the extinction of both the white pawns and the black bishops. In this case White is ruled to have won, as although both sides have fulfilled their winning conditions, it was a move by White that brought this situation about. (This is different from [[atomic chess]], where you cannot explode your own king, even if the enemy king would also perish in the explosion.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chessvariants.org/index/listcomments.php?order=DESC&itemid=Extinctionchess|title=chessvariants.com -- Comment Listing|website=www.chessvariants.org}}</ref>

==Sample game==
{{Chess diagram
|tright
|
|rd|__|bd|__|__|__|kd|__
|pd|pd|pd|__|__|pd|pd|pd
|__|__|__|__|__|nd|__|__
|__|pl|__|__|pd|__|__|__
|__|__|bl|rd|__|__|__|__
|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__
|__|__|pl|pl|nl|pl|pl|pl
|qd|__|bl|ql|__|rl|kl|__
|Final position
}}
:[[Nomen nescio|N.N.]]–[[Fabrice Liardet]], Messigny 1998:
:'''1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Qxd5 3. Nc3 Qa5 4. a3 e5 5. b4 Bxb4 6. axb4 Qxa1 7. Bc4 Nf6 8. Ba2? 0-0 9. Nge2 Rd8 10. Bc4 Nc6 11. b5 Nd4 12. 0-0 Nxe2 13. Nxe2 Rd4 [[Algebraic notation (chess)#End of game|0–1]]'''
White loses both bishops. Although "winning the exchange" is usually bad in Extinction Chess, the pin on the first rank in this case is very potent: White underestimated it and the Black rook's swift arrival on the d-file.{{sfnp|Pritchard|2007|p=84}}<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Beasley |first1=John |last2= |first2= |date=1999 |title=Points from near and far |url=https://www.jsbeasley.co.uk/vchess/vc31.pdf |journal=Variant Chess |volume=4 |issue=31 |pages=39 |doi= |access-date=29 September 2023}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

'''Bibliography'''
*{{cite book
 |last=Schmittberger
 |first=R. Wayne
 |authorlink=
 |title=New Rules for Classic Games
 |publisher=Wiley
 |year=1992
 |contribution=Extinction Chess
 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/newrulesforclass00rway/page/19 19-20]
 |isbn=978-0471536215
 |url-access=registration
 |url=https://archive.org/details/newrulesforclass00rway/page/19
 }}
*{{cite book
 |last=Pritchard
 |first=D. B.
 |authorlink=David Pritchard (chess player)
 |title=The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants
 |publisher=Games & Puzzles Publications
 |year=1994
 |isbn=0-9524142-0-1}}
*{{cite book
 |last=Pritchard
 |first=D. B.
 |authorlink=David Pritchard (chess player)
 |title=Popular Chess Variants
 |publisher=[[Anova Books|B.T. Batsford Ltd]]
 |year=2000
 |chapter=§1 Extinction Chess
 |pages=9–13
 |isbn=0-7134-8578-7}}
*{{citation
 |last=Pritchard
 |first=D. B.
 |authorlink=David Pritchard (chess player)
 |editor-last=Beasley
 |editor-first=John
 |title=The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants
 |publisher=John Beasley
 |year=2007
 |isbn=978-0-9555168-0-1}}

==External links==
*[http://www.chessvariants.org/winning.dir/extinction.html Extinction chess] by [[Hans Bodlaender]] and Antoine Fourrière, ''[[The Chess Variant Pages]]''

{{Chess variants|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Chess variants]]
[[Category:1985 in chess]]
[[Category:Board games introduced in 1985]]