Editing Family values

{{Short description|Cultural values based on traditional family structures}}
{{Other uses|Family values (disambiguation)}}
{{Conservatism sidebar|concepts}}
{{Nationalism sidebar|concepts}}

'''Family values''', sometimes referred to as '''familial values''', are [[tradition]]al or cultural [[values]] that pertain to the [[family]]'s structure, function, roles, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals. Additionally, the concept of family values may be understood as a reflection of the degree to which familial relationships are valued within an individual's life.

In the social sciences and U.S. political discourse, the conventional term ''[[Nuclear family|traditional family]]'' describes the [[nuclear family]]—a child-rearing environment composed of a [[leader|leading]] father, a [[homemaking]] mother, and their nominally biological [[children]]. A family deviating from this model is considered a [[Non-traditional family|nontraditional family]].

==Definition==
Several online dictionaries define "family values" as the following:
* "the [[morality|moral]] and [[ethics|ethical]] principles traditionally upheld and passed on within a family, as fidelity, honesty, truth, and faith."<ref>{{cite web|title=family values|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/family+values|website=Dictionary.com|access-date=3 September 2014|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225103541/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/family-values|url-status=live}}</ref>
* "values especially of a traditional or [[Conservatism|conservative]] kind which are held to promote the sound functioning of the family and to strengthen the fabric of society."<ref>{{cite web|title=family values|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/family%20values|website=Merriam-Webster|publisher=Merriam-Webster, Inc.|access-date=3 September 2014|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225103539/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/family%20values|url-status=live}}</ref>
* "values held to be traditionally taught or reinforced within a family, such as those of high moral standards and discipline."<ref>{{cite web|title=family values|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/family-values|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108060716/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/family-values|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 8, 2014|website=Oxford Dictionaries|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=3 September 2014}}</ref>

==In politics==
{{Main|Familialism}}
[[Familialism]] or ''familism'' is the [[ideology]] that puts priority on [[family]] and family values.<ref name=Ochiai>{{cite book|title=Transformation of the Intimate and the Public in Asian Modernity. The Intimate and the Public in Asian and Global Perspectives|author=Emiko Ochiai, Leo Aoi Hosoya|publisher=BRILL|year=2014|pages=20–1|isbn=9789004264359}}</ref> Familialism advocates for a welfare system where families, rather than the [[government]], take responsibility for the care of their members.<ref name=Ochiai/>

In the United States, the banner of "family values" has been used by [[Conservatism in the United States|the US political right]] to express opposition to [[abortion]], [[pornography]], non-abstinence sex education, [[divorce]], LGBTQ validity, [[same-sex marriage]], [[feminism]], gender diversity, [[secularism]], and [[atheism]]. American conservative groups have made successful inroads promoting these policies in [[Africa]] since the early 2000s, describing them as African family values.<ref>{{cite journal |last=McEwen |first=Haley |date=May 25, 2017 |title=Nuclear power: The family in decolonial perspective and 'pro-family' politics in Africa |journal=Development Southern Africa |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=738–751 |doi=10.1080/0376835X.2017.1318700 |s2cid=148956131 }}</ref>  

The phrase ''family values'' originated with the 1992 Republican National Convention, for their "Family Values Night", featuring [[Barbara Bush]] as the keynote speaker. In the short term the phrase was widely panned, and at the time the staying power of the idea was underestimated. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tribune |first=Chicago |date=1992-10-06 |title=FAMILY VALUES RHETORIC BACKFIRES ON GOP |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1992/10/06/family-values-rhetoric-backfires-on-gop/ |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Family values by region==
{{Further|Japanese values}}
{{Expand section|date=November 2024}}

===Arabic culture===
Interpretations of [[Islam]]ic learnings and [[Arab culture]] are common for the majority of [[Saudi people|Saudi]]s. Islam is a driving cultural force that dictates a submission to the will of [[Allah]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Peachy |first1=William S. |url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/48103511 |title=A brief look upon Islam |date=1999 |publisher=Darussalam Publishers and Distributors |location=Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |pages= |access-date=3 September 2014 |archive-url= |archive-date= }}</ref> The academic literature suggests that the family is regarded as the main foundation of Muslim society and culture; the family structure and nature of the relationship between family members are influenced by the Islamic religion.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Mutair, A|author2=Plummer, V|author3=O'Brien, A|author4= Clerehan, R|title=Providing culturally congruent care for Saudi patients and their families|journal=Contemporary Nurse|date=2014|volume=46|issue=2|pages=254–258|doi=10.5172/conu.2014.46.2.254|pmid=24787260|s2cid=20386177}}</ref> Marriage in Saudi culture means the union of two families, not just two individuals.<ref>{{cite journal|author1= Khalaf, I|author2=Callister, L|title=Cultural meanings of childbirth: Muslim women living in Jordan|journal=Journal of Holistic Nursing|date=1997|volume=4|issue=15|pages=373–388|doi=10.1177/089801019701500405|pmid=9397746|s2cid=40338008}}</ref> In Muslim society, marriage involves a social contract that occurs with the consent of [[parent]]s or guardians. Furthermore, marriage is considered the only legitimate outlet for [[sexual desire]]s, and [[Fornication|sex outside marriage]] ([[zina]]) is a crime that is punished under Islamic law.<ref>{{cite book|author1= Lemu, A|author2=Heeren, F|title=Women in Islam|date=1992|publisher=The Islamic Foundation|location=Leicester, England}}</ref>

The Saudi family includes extended families, as the [[extended family]] provides the individual with a sense of [[Identity (social science)|identity]]. The father is often the [[:wikt:breadwinner|breadwinner]] and protector of the family, whereas the mother is often the [[homemaker]] and the primary caretaker of the children.<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Luna|first1=J|title= Transcultural nursing care of Arab Muslims|journal=Journal of Transcultural Nursing|date=1989|volume=1|issue=1|pages=22–26|doi=10.1177/104365968900100105|pmid=2803661|s2cid=25951878}}</ref> Parents are regarded with high respect, and children are strongly encouraged to respect and obey their parents.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Ghazwi, F.|author2= Nock, L.|title= Religion as mediating force in the effects of modernization on parent–child relations in Jordan|journal=Middle Eastern Studies|date=1989|volume=25|issue= 3|pages= 363–369|doi= 10.1080/00263208908700786}}</ref> Often, families provide care for elders. Until recently, because families and friends are expected to provide [[elderly care]], [[nursing home]]s were considered culturally unacceptable.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Luna|first1= J|title=Transcultural nursing care of Arab Muslims|journal=Journal of Transcultural Nursing|date=1989|volume=1 |issue= 1|pages= 22–26|doi= 10.1177/104365968900100105|pmid= 2803661|s2cid= 25951878}}</ref>

===United States culture===
{{see|Family in the United States}}
{{Conservatism US}}
In sociological terms, nontraditional families make up the majority of American households.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Panasenko, N|title=Czech and Slovak Family Patterns and Family Values in Historical, Social and Cultural Context|journal=Journal of Comparative Family Studies|date=2013|volume=44|issue=1|pages=79–98|doi=10.3138/jcfs.44.1.79}}</ref> As of 2014, only 46% of children in the U.S. live in a traditional family, down from 61% in 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/12/22/less-than-half-of-u-s-kids-today-live-in-a-traditional-family/|title=Fewer than half of US kids live in 'traditional' family|date=December 22, 2014|access-date=4 January 2019|archive-date=11 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411223443/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/12/22/less-than-half-of-u-s-kids-today-live-in-a-traditional-family/|url-status=live}}</ref> This number includes only families with parents who are in their first marriage, whereas the percentage of children simply living with two married parents is 65% as of 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2016/cb16-192.html|title=The Majority of Children Live With Two Parents, Census Bureau Reports|website=The United States Census Bureau|access-date=4 January 2019|archive-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716142219/https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2016/cb16-192.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Organizations====
These groups are associated with "family values". Many of them are also listed as hate groups by the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]] as a result of their [[anti-LGBT]] activism.
*[[American Family Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Family Association |url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/american-family-association |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Family Research Council]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Family Research Council |url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/family-research-council |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Family Research Institute]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007 |title=Active U.S. Hate Groups in 2006: Colorado |url=http://www.splcenter.org/intel/map/hate.jsp?S=CO&m=5 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184613/http://www.splcenter.org/intel/map/hate.jsp?S=CO&m=5 |archive-date=September 30, 2007 |access-date=October 22, 2007 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center}}</ref>
*[[Focus on the Family]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Focus on the Family |url=https://www.splcenter.org/resources/extremist-files/focus-family/ |access-date=2025-05-25 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Traditional Values Coalition]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The rise and fall of the Traditional Values Coalition |url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/03/30/rise-and-fall-traditional-values-coalition |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref>
*[[World Congress of Families]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Congress of Families |url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/world-congress-families |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
<!-- a note to future editors: the 'https://books.google.com/books?id=XXXXXXXXXXXX' is optional, a convenience link. you can remove this if either it stops working, or you want to remove it; it's not necessary to identify any book however. -->
* [[William J. Bennett|Bennett, William J.]] (ed.) (1997). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=queMnPXWisoC The Book of Virtues for Young People: A Treasury of Great Moral Stories]'' (illustrated, reprint). Simon and Schuster. {{ISBN|978-0-689-81613-0}}.
* [[Robert H. Bork|Bork, Robert H.]] (2010). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6mlolD4m2n8C Slouching towards Gomorrah: Modern Liberalism and American Decline]'' (revised edition). HarperCollins. {{ISBN|978-0-06-203091-7}}.
* [[Stephanie Coontz|Coontz, Stephanie]] (1992). ''[https://archive.org/details/wayweneverweream00coon The Way We Never Were: American Families and the Nostalgia Trap]'' (illustrated, reprinted ed.). Basic Books. {{ISBN|978-0-465-09097-6}}.
* [[Stephanie Coontz|Coontz, Stephanie]] (2008). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=t7W0uWZJjecC The Way We Really Are: Coming to Terms with America's Changing Families]''. Basic Books. {{ISBN|978-0-7867-2556-4}}.
* [[Stephanie Coontz|Coontz, Stephanie]] (ed.) (2013). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=aXJIzpHBFCkC American Families: A Multicultural Reader]'' (2nd edition, revised). Routledge. {{ISBN|978-1-135-77691-6}}.
* [[Stephanie Coontz|Coontz, Stephanie]] (2006). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=aH-MWT3Gtb0C Marriage, A History: From Obedience to Intimacy, or How Love Conquered Marriage]''. Penguin. {{ISBN|978-1-101-11825-2}}.
* Gairdner, William Douglas (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=vZsQ5d_43zEC The War Against the Family: A Parent Speaks Out on the Political, Economic, and Social Policies That Threaten Us All]''. BPS Books. {{ISBN|978-0-9784402-1-3}}.
* Good, Deirdre (2006). ''[https://archive.org/details/jesusfamilyvalue0000good Jesus' Family Values]''. Church Publishing Inc. {{ISBN|978-1-59627-163-0}}.
* [[Ben Shapiro|Shapiro, Ben]] (2005). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=oRMJYpOXu18C Porn Generation: How Social Liberalism is Corrupting Our Future]''. [[Regnery Publishing|Regnery]]. {{ISBN|978-1-59698-686-2}}.
* Stacey, Judith (1996). ''[https://archive.org/details/innameoffamilyre00stac In the Name of the Family: Rethinking Family Values in the Postmodern Age]'' (reprint). Beacon Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8070-0433-3}}.

{{Conservatism}}
{{Nationalism}}
{{Social philosophy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Family Values}}
[[Category:Family|Values]]
[[Category:Political terminology]]
[[Category:Linguistic controversies]]
[[Category:Social conservatism]]
[[Category:Nationalism]]
[[Category:Value (ethics)]]
[[Category:Social concepts]]