Editing Fausto Veranzio

{{Short description|Venetian polymath and bishop (c. 1551–1617)}}
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{{Infobox artist
| name = Fausto Veranzio
| native_name = Faust Vrančić
| native_name_lang = hr
| image = Fausto Verancio 1605.jpeg
| caption = Portrait of Faust Vrančić
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{birth date|1551|1|1}}<ref name=DBI>{{harvnb|Ivetic|2020}}.</ref>
| birth_place = [[Šibenik|Sebenico]], [[Republic of Venice]]<br/>now [[Šibenik]], [[Croatia]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1617|1|27|1551|1|1}}<ref name=DBI/>
| death_place = [[Venice]], Republic of Venice
| field = [[Polymath]], [[bishop]] 
| training = 
| movement = 
| works = ''Machinae Novae'', ''Dictionarium quinque nobilissimarum Europæ linguarum''
| patrons =
| awards =
| signature = 
}}

'''Fausto Veranzio'''<ref name="treccani enciclopedia">{{cite web|title=Veranzio, Fausto|author=Eleonora Zuliani|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/fausto-veranzio_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/#:~:text=VERANZIO%2C%20Fausto.,morto%20a%20Venezia%20nel%201617.&text=Scrisse%20anche%20una%20storia%20d,dove%20desider%C3%B2%20di%20essere%20trasportato.|publisher=[[Enciclopedia Italiana]]|access-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210305112847/https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/fausto-veranzio_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/#:~:text=VERANZIO%2C%20Fausto.,morto%20a%20Venezia%20nel%201617.&text=Scrisse%20anche%20una%20storia%20d,dove%20desider%C3%B2%20di%20essere%20trasportato.|archive-date=5 March 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="gundle">{{cite book|last=|first=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tYRIW2UZNlIC|title=The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, Volume 7|page=393|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|year=1983|isbn=978-0-852-29400-0}}</ref> ({{langx|la|Faustus Verantius}}; {{langx|hr|Faust Vrančić}}; [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] and [[Latin regional pronunciation|Vernacular Latin]]: ''Verancsics Faustus'';<ref name="Andrew Simon">Andrew L. Simon, [https://books.google.com/books?id=cMxL4OUv-gEC&pg=PA246 Made in Hungary: Hungarian contributions to universal culture]</ref><ref name="Hungarian Quarterly">[http://www.hungarianhistory.com/lib/sipka.doc The Hungarian Quarterly, Vol. XLII * No. 162 *, Summer 2001] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712231759/http://www.hungarianhistory.com/lib/sipka.doc |date=2011-07-12 }} László Sipka: Innovators and Innovations</ref> {{Abbr|c.|circa}} 1551 – 20 January 1617)<ref>According to [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830904464.html M. D. Grmek, ''Verantius, Faustus (also known as Faust Vrančić or Veranzio)''] he died on January 20, 1617.</ref> was a Croatian [[polymath]], [[diplomat]] and [[bishop]] from [[Šibenik]], then part of the [[Republic of Venice]]. He is a scientist recognised for his genius as both a Croatian and as a [[Croats|Croatian]]-[[Hungarians|Hungarian]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1797. október 22. Az első ejtőernyős ugrás |url=https://old.rubicon.hu/magyar/oldalak/1797_oktober_22_az_elso_ejtoernyos_ugras |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=old.rubicon.hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hungaricum |first=Forum |title=Megidézik Verancsics Faustus alakját is |url=http://forumhungaricum.hu/kulturkincs/megidezik-verancsics-faustus-alakjat-is/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=Forum Hungaricum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adél |first=Gál |date=2014-01-28 |title=Magyar feltalálók: Verancsics János és a repülés |url=https://karpatalja.ma/sorozatok/magyar-feltalalok/magyar-feltalalok-verancsics-janos-es-a-repules/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=Kárpátalja.ma |language=hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=M. Zemplén |first=Jolán |date=1967 |title=A technikai fejlődés magyar-dalmát úttörője, Verancsics Faustus |journal=Élet és Tudomány |issue=22 |pages=1894}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=VERANCSICS FAUSTUS |url=https://tudosnaptar.kfki.hu/v/e/verancsics/verancsicspant.html |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=tudosnaptar.kfki.hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lelépő |date=2023-01-19 |title=A várkapitányból lett "veszprémi da Vinci", aki feltalálta az ejtőernyőt |url=https://lelepo.hu/verancsics-faustus/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=Lelépő |language=hu}}</ref>

==Life==

===Family history===
[[File:Antun Vrancic by Martin Rota.jpg|right|thumb|140px|Fausto's uncle, Antonio, engraved by [[Martin Rota]].]]
Fausto was born in [[Šibenik|Sebenico]] (Šibenik), [[Venetian Dalmatia]] into the Croatian family of count Michele/Mihovil Vrančić (Veranzio) and Katarina [[Berislavić family of Trogir|Berislavić]].<ref name="Soric">{{Cite journal |last=Sorić |first=Diana |date=2014 |title=Obiteljski korespondenti Antuna Vrančića (1504.-1573.): Biografski podaci i lokacija rukopisne građe |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/clanak/193830 |journal=Povijesni prilozi |volume=33 |issue=47 |pages=41–42, 44–45}}</ref> His father was a Latin poet, while his uncle was [[Antun Vrančić]],<ref name="Soric"/><ref name="Fortis">{{cite book|author=Abbe Alberto Fortis|title=Travels Into Dalmatia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wBg90lSgkQQC&pg=PA157|date=2007|orig-year=1768|publisher=Cosimo, Inc.|isbn=978-1-60520-046-0|page=157}}</ref> [[archbishop of Esztergom]] (1504–1573), a [[diplomat]] and a civil servant, who was in touch with [[Erasmus]] (1465–1536), [[Philip Melanchthon]] (1497–1560), and [[Nikola IV Zrinski]] (1508–1566), who took care of Fausto's education and later travelled with him during some of Antun's travels through [[Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)|Hungary]] and in the [[Republic of Venice]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Thomas Blackwell|author2=John Mills|title=Memoirs of the Court of Augustus: Continued, and Completed, from the Original Papers of the Late Thomas Blackwell|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eE8TpJttyhgC&pg=PA239|year=1763|publisher=A. Millar|page=239}}</ref> Faust had a brother Kazimir (1557-1637).<ref name="Soric"/>

While the family's main residence was in the city of Šibenik, they owned a big summer house on [[List of islands of Croatia|island]] of [[Prvić]], in place of Šepurine, a neighboring place to Prvić-Luka (where he is buried in the local church). The [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] castle that was used by the Vrančić family as summer residence is now in possession of the Draganić family. Later in his life, in 1578, Fausto was married to Marieta Zar with whom had a daughter Alba-Roza, and possibly a son, who died young.<ref name="Soric"/>

===Education and political activities===
As a youth, under Antun's tutelage,<ref name="Soric"/> Veranzio was interested in science. While still a child, he moved to [[Venice]], where he attended school, and then to [[Padua]] to join the [[University of Padua|University]], where he focused on [[law]], [[physics]], [[engineering]] and [[mechanics]].

At the court of [[Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor|King Rudolf II]], at the [[Hradčany]] castle in [[Prague]], Veranzio was the chancellor for Hungary and [[Transylvania]], often in contact with [[Johannes Kepler]] and [[Tycho Brahe]]. After his wife's death,<ref>{{cite book|author1=Beate Henn-Memmesheimer|author2=David Gethin John|title=Cultural Link Kanada, Deutschland: Festschrift zum dreissigjährigen Bestehen eines akademischen Austauschs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6r9y2f5OjVsC&pg=PA115|year=2003|publisher=Röhrig Universitätsverlag|isbn=978-3-86110-355-4|page=115}}</ref> Veranzio left for Hungary. In 1598, he received the title of [[Diocese of Csanád|bishop of Csanád]] (''Episcŏpus Csanadiensis'') ''[[in partibus]]'' (even though he never set foot in [[Cenad|Csanád]]). In 1609, back in Venice, he joined the brotherhood of [[Paul the Apostle|Paul of Tarsus]] ([[barnabites]]) and committed himself to the study of science. Veranzio died in 1617 in Venice and was buried in [[Dalmatia]], near his family's country house on the island of Prvić.

==Polymath and inventor==
Veranzio's masterwork, ''Machinae Novae'' (Venice 1615 or 1616),<ref>Some friends thanked him for this book in 1616; the date of 1595 refers to the publication of his ''Dictionarium''</ref> contained 49 large pictures depicting 56 different [[machine]]s, other [[tool|device]]s, and technical [[concept]]s.

Two variants of this work exist, one with the ''"Declaratio"'' in Latin and Italian, the other with the addition of three other languages. Only a few copies survived and they often do not present a complete text in all the five languages. This book was written in Italian, [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[French language|French]], and [[German language|German]].<ref name = "Malvasi Library">[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=it&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mostradellibroantico.it%2Fexpo21%2Fmain.php%3Fid%3D252%26idom%3D320 Original ''Machine Novae'', Fausto VERANZIO] - Malavasi Library, Milan - a complete and very detailed description of first and second editions of Veranzio's most famous work, "''Machine Nove''"</ref>  The tables represent a varied set of the projects, designs, and conceptions of the author. There Veranzio wrote about water and solar energy, offering depictions of clocks, including a "universal clock" (Plates 6–7), many types of mills, agricultural machinery, various types of bridges in various materials, machinery for clearing the sea, a dual sedan chair borne by a mule (Plate 47), special coaches, and ''Homo Volans'' (Plate 38), a forerunner of the parachute. His ideas included a float resembling a modern [[lifebuoy]] (Plate 39), boats with ingenious power mechanisms relying on water currents (Plates 40 and 41), and a rotary printer (Plate 46) intended to improve on the [[printing press]].

Despite the extraordinary rarity of this book (because the author published it at his own expense, without a publisher, and had to stop printing for want of funds),<ref name = "Malvasi Library" /> the ''Machinae Novae'' was the work which mainly contributed to Veranzio's popularity around the world. His design pictures were even reprinted a few years later and published in China.<ref>{{cite book |title=Missionary approaches and linguistics in mainland China and Taiwan |publisher=Leuven University Press |location=Leuven |isbn=9789058671615 |editor1-last=Ku |editor1-first=Wei-ying |date=2001 |page=184}}</ref>

===Veranzio's parachute===
[[File:Fausto Veranzio homo volans.jpg|thumb|160px|''"Machinae Novae"'' plate n. 38: Veranzio's parachute]]
One of the illustrations in ''Machinae Novae'' is a sketch of a [[parachute]] dubbed ''Homo Volans'' ("The Flying Man"). Having examined [[Leonardo da Vinci]]'s rough [[Sketch (drawing)|sketch]]es of a parachute, Veranzio designed one of his own.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=quCh9tAW1jcC&q=veranzio&pg=PA176 "The Invention of the Parachute"], by [[Lynn White, Jr.]] in: ''[[Technology and Culture]]'', Vol. 9, No. 3. (1968), pp. 462-467 (463)</ref><ref>Jonathan Bousfield, [https://books.google.com/books?id=UxSnm-mUp40C&dq=Faust+Vran%C4%8Di%C4%87&pg=PA280 ''The Rough Guide to Croatia''], pg. 280, Rough Guides (2003), {{ISBN|1-84353-084-8}}</ref> [[Paolo Guidotti]] had already attempted to carry out the idea, ending by falling on a house roof and breaking his thigh bone (about 1590); but while [[Francis Godwin]] was writing his flying romance ''The Man in the Moone'', Fausto Veranzio is widely believed to have performed an actual parachute-jumping experiment<ref>{{cite book|author=Francis Trevelyan Miller|title=The World in the Air: The Story of Flying in Pictures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MdDNAAAAMAAJ|year=1930|publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons|pages=101–106}}</ref> and, therefore, to be the first man to build and test a parachute. According to legend, Veranzio, in 1617, at over sixty-five years of age, implemented his parachute design and tested it by jumping from [[St Mark's Campanile]] in Venice.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alfred Day Rathbone|title=He's in the paratroops now|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TM2EAAAAIAAJ|year=1943|publisher=R.M. McBride & Company}}</ref>{{page needed|date=February 2016}} This event was documented some 30 years later in the book ''[[Mathematical Magick|Mathematical Magick or, the Wonders that may be Performed by Mechanical Geometry]]'' (London, 1648), written by [[John Wilkins]], the secretary of the [[Royal Society]] in London.

But in his book, where Wilkins wrote about flying and the possibility of human flight,<ref name="Magick">''Mathematical Magick'', second book, chapter VII</ref> methods of slowing down people's fall through the air were not his concern. His treatise does not even mention Veranzio by name, nor does it document any jump by parachute or any event at all in 1617.<ref name="Magick"/> No evidence has ever been found of any test of Veranzio's parachute.

===Mills and wind turbines===
[[File:Fausto Veranzio wind turbine.jpg|thumb|233x233px|A wind turbine design]]
His areas of interest in engineering and mechanics were broad. Mills were one of his main point of research, where he created 18 different designs. He envisioned [[windmill]]s with both vertical and horizontal [[Axis of rotation|axes]], with different wing constructions to improve their efficiency. The idea of a mill powered by tides incorporated accumulation pools filled with water by the high tide and emptied when the tide ebbed, simply using [[gravity]]; the concept has just recently been engineered and used. The first wind turbines were described by Fausto Veranzio. In his book Machinae Novae (1616) he described [[vertical axis wind turbine]]s with curved or V-shaped blades.

===Urbanist and engineer in Rome and Venice===
By order of the [[Pope]], he spent two years in [[Rome]] where he envisioned and made projects needed for regulating rivers, since Rome was often flooded by the [[Tiber]] river.<ref name = "1856 Rome and Venice" /> He also tackled the problem of the wells and water supply of Venice, which is surrounded by sea.<ref name = "1856 Rome and Venice">{{cite book|title=Biblioteca italiana, o sia giornale di letteratura, scienze ed arti ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fngtAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA263|year=1829|page=263}}</ref> Devices to register the time using water, fire, or other methods were envisioned and materialized. His own sun clock was effective in reading the time, date, and month, but functioned only in the middle of the day.
 
The construction method of building metal bridges and the mechanics of the forces in the area of statics were also part of his research. He drew proposals which predated the actual construction of modern [[suspension bridge]]s and [[cable-stayed bridge]]s by over two centuries. The last area was described when further developed in a separate book by mathematician Simon de Bruges ([[Simon Stevin]]) in 1586. Veranzio also designed the concept to modern [[tied-arch bridge]]s, [[through arch bridge]]s, [[truss bridge]]s and [[Aerial lift|aerial lifts.]]

<gallery class="center">
File:Pons ferrevs by Faust Vrančić.jpg|Drawing of suspension [[cable-stayed bridge]] by Fausto Veranzio in his ''Machinae Novae''
File:Suspension bridge fausto veranzio.jpg|Drawing of a suspension bridge by Fausto Veranzio (''Machinae Novae'')
File:Through arch bridge and tied arch bridge.jpg|Early design of a tied-arch/through arch bridge by Fausto Veranzio
File:Faust vrancic arch bridge wood.jpg|Truss arch bridge by Fausto Veranzio
File:Early design of truss bridge.jpg|Primitive design of an early truss bridge by Fausto Veranzio
File:Aerial lift design by Fausto Veranzio.gif|Design for an aerial lift by Fausto Veranzio (''Machinae Novae'')
</gallery>

===Lexicography===
[[File:Fausto Veranzio Pentadictionarium.jpg|thumb|right|160px|[[Book frontispiece|Frontespiece]] of the ''Dictionarium quinque lingarum'']]
Veranzio was the author of a five-language [[dictionary]],<ref>{{cite book|author=John Considine|title=Dictionaries in Early Modern Europe: Lexicography and the Making of Heritage|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cqBkQFiTbX4C&pg=PA91|date=27 March 2008|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-47105-3|pages=91–}}</ref> ''Dictionarium quinque nobilissimarum Europæ linguarum, Latinæ, Italicæ, Germanicæ, Dalmatiæ, & Vngaricæ'',<ref>{{cite book|author=Fausto Veranzio|title=Dictionarium quinque nobilissimarum Europæ linguarum, Latinæ, Italicæ, Germanicæ, Dalmatiæ, & Vulgaricæ|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oFlgAAAAMAAJ|year=1595|publisher=Apud Nicolaum Morettum.}}</ref> published in Venice in 1595, with 5,000 entries for each language: [[Latin]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[German language|German]], the Dalmatian vernacular (in particular, the [[chakavian dialect]] of [[Croatian language|Croatian]]) and [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]. These he called the "five noblest European languages" ("''quinque nobilissimarum Europæ linguarum''").<ref name = "eptadictionary">When Petrus Lodereckerus published in 1606 his ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Xn0jPAAACAAJ&q=Petrus+Lodereckerus Dictionarivm septem diversarvm lingvarvm], videlicet Latine, Italice, Dalmatice, Bohemicè, Polonicè, Germanicè, & Vngaricè, vna cum cuiuslibet linguæ registro siue repertorio vernaculo, Singulari studio & industria collectum a Petro Lodereckeroin'' ([[Prague]]), he included two more languages than Veranzio's ''pentadictionary'': [[Czech language|Czech]] and [[Polish language|Polish]], with the addition of indices in Latin for each language.</ref>

The ''Dictionarium'' is a very early and significant example of both Croatian and Hungarian lexicography, and contains, in addition to the parallel list of vocabulary, other documentation of these two languages. In particular, Veranzio listed in the ''Dictionarium'' 304 Hungarian words that he deemed to be [[loanword|borrowed]] from [[Croatian language|Croatian]]. Also, at the end of the book, Veranzio included Croatian language versions of the [[Ten Commandments]], the [[Lord's Prayer]], the [[Ave Maria]] and the [[Apostles' Creed]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Branko Franolić|title=Was Faust Vrančić the First Croatian Lexicographer?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tSqyOQAACAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Istituto Universitario Orientale|pages=178–182}}</ref>

In an extension of the dictionary called ''Vocabula dalmatica quae Ungri sibi usurparunt'', there is a list of Proto-Croatian words that entered the [[Hungarian language]]. The book greatly influenced the formation of both the Croatian and Hungarian [[orthography]]; the Hungarian language accepted his suggestions, for example, the usage of ''ly'', '' ny'', ''sz'', and ''cz''. It was also the first dictionary of the Hungarian language, printed four times, in Venice, [[Prague]] (1606), [[Pozsony]] (1834),<ref>Today [[Bratislava]] in [[Slovakia]]</ref> and in [[Zagreb]] (1971). The work was an important source of inspiration for other European dictionaries such as a Hungarian and Italian dictionary written by [[Bernardino Baldi]], a German ''Thesaurus polyglottus'' by [[Humanism|humanist]] and [[lexicographer]] [[Hieronymus Megiser]], and multilingual ''Dictionarium septem diversarum linguarum'' by [[Peterus Lodereckerus]] of Prague in 1605.<ref name ="eptadictionary"/>

===History and philosophy===
Only a few of Veranzio's works related to history remain: ''Regulae cancellariae regni Hungariae'' and ''De Slavinis seu Sarmatis in Dalmatia'' exist in manuscript form, while ''Scriptores rerum hungaricum'' was published in 1798. In ''Logica nova'' ("New logic") and ''Ethica christiana'' ("Christian ethics"), which were published in a single Venetian edition in 1616, Veranzio dealt with the problems of [[theology]] regarding the ideological clash between the  [[Protestant Reformation|Reformation]] movement and [[Catholicism]]. [[Tommaso Campanella]] (1568–1639) and  the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska|Archbishop of Split]] [[Marco Antonio de Dominis]] (1560–1624) were his intellectual counterparts.

==Legacy==
When [[Ludwig Wittgenstein]] (1889–1951), Austrian-British philosopher and mathematician, moving from Berlin to England, began studying [[mechanical engineering]] in 1908, he was highly influenced by his reading of Renaissance technical treatises, particularly Veranzio's ''Machinae Novae''.<ref>F. A. Flowers, [https://books.google.com/books?id=qGwlAQAAIAAJ&q=Fausti+Veranzio+Galileo+Leonardo Portraits of Wittgenstein], Volume 2, page 133</ref>

The 17th century ''Brooklyn Tidal Mill'' in [[Long Island]] (NY), one of the most popular and few still standing mills in the New York City area,<ref name = "ocean mill">{{cite book|author1=R. H. Charlier|author2=Charles W. Finkl|title=Ocean Energy: Tide and Tidal Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RKbWnCckHcwC&pg=PA38|date=8 February 2009|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-77932-2|pages=38–}}</ref> was built after the plan of Fausto Veranzio.<ref name = "ocean mill" /><ref>{{cite book|author=Bernard L. Gordon|title=Energy from the sea: marine resource readings|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XYERAAAAYAAJ|date=September 1977|publisher=Book & Tackle Shop|page=119|isbn=9780910258074}}</ref><ref>[https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&q=%22Long+Island+%28NY%29%2C+was+built+after+the+plan+of+another+Italian%2C+Veranzio%22&btnG=Search&lr=lang_en&as_sdt=2000&as_ylo=&as_vis=0 ISES Congress 2007] ''Nothing New Under the Sun or Every Little Bit Helps Tidal Power: Status & Perspectives'' R.H. Charlier, M.C.P. Chaineux, C.W. Finkl, A.C Thys, Vol. I–V, Springer</ref>

In 1965, ''"Faust Vrančić" Astronomy Society'' was founded in Šibenik.

In 1969, the medallion with his figure, work by [[Kosta Angeli Radovani]], was embedded in the rector's chain of the [[University of Zagreb]].

In 1992, the [[Croatian Parliament]] established the ''"Faust Vrančić" National Award for Technical Culture'' which is awarded to individuals, associations and other legal persons for outstanding achievements in technical culture.

In 1993, his bust was erected at the [[Technical Museum, Zagreb|Nikola Tesla Technical Museum]]'s ''Sculpture Garden of the Croatian Geniuses of Science and Technology''.

In 2012, ''[http://www.mc-faustvrancic.com/en/  Faust Vrančić Memorial Centre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630113317/http://www.mc-faustvrancic.com/en/ |date=2015-06-30 }}'' was opened on the island of [[Prvić]] where visitors can learn more about Veranzio's life and see his most famous inventions.

[[Croatian Navy]]'s rescue ship BS-73, as well as many schools and streets in Croatia, were named after him.

Cultural event ''Days of Faust Vrančić'' is held annually in Šibenik.

==Works==
[[File:Veranzio, Fausto – Machinae novae, 1615 – BEIC 13246626.jpg|thumb|''Machinae novae'', 1615]]
* {{Cite book|title=Machinae novae|volume=|publisher=|location=Venezia|year=1615|language=la|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=13246626}}
* Logica Nova. Venetiis, 1616
* Dictionarium Quinque Nobilissimarum Europae linguarum, Latinae, Italicae, Germanicae, Dalmaticae et Vngaricae. Venetiis, 1595
* Vita Antonii Verantii

==See also==
*[[List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics]]

==Notes==
{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFIvetic2020}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=VYhQAAAAMAAJ&q=Veranzio Great machines] Volume 69, Franz Engler, illustrated CIPIA, 1997 (University of Michigan) p.&nbsp;4-14
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=HijSAAAAMAAJ&q=Fausto+Veranzio "Bridges and men"], Joseph Gies, Doubleday, University of Michigan, 2009
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=MiNgp6uL4OgC&dq=%22Fausto+Veranzio%22&pg=PA191 Aspects of Materials Handling] Dr. K.C. Arora, Vikas V. Shinde - Firewall Media, 2007, {{ISBN|81-318-0251-5}}
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=HP-FNOpBCGUC&dq=%22Fausto+Veranzio%22&pg=PA156 Instruments in art and science: on the architectonics of cultural boundaries] Helmar Schramm, Ludger Schwarte, Jan Lazardzig - Literary Criticism, 2008
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=qa7a68bIfPkC&dq=%22Fausto+Veranzio%22&pg=PA150 Sugar and society in China: peasants, technology, and the world market] S. Mazumdar - Harvard University Asia Center, Cambridge Mass. 1998, {{ISBN|0-674-85408-X}},
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=AVn_Sm56OCoC&dq=%22Fausto+Veranzio%22&pg=PA139 Engineering in history], Richard Shelton Kirby, Technology & Engineering, 1990
*[http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35904 Means and Methods Analysis of a Cast-In-Place Balanced Cantilever Segmental Bridge: Veranzio’s Machinae Novae] Gunnar Lucko - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2000
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=SjV9AAAAIAAJ&q=Veranzio+ American building art: the nineteenth century], Carl W. Condit, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS - page 163:
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=qnLeXBbTyvYC&dq=%22Fausto+Veranzio%22&pg=PR8 The birth of modern science] The making of Europe, P. Rossi, Wiley-Blackwell, 2001 {{ISBN|978-0-631-22711-3}}
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=D6rsB59RRZkC&dq=Veranzio&pg=PA362 Water architecture in the lands of Syria: the water-wheels]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=UTUZAQAAIAAJ&q=Veranzio The Italian Achievement: An A-Z Over 1000 'Firsts' Achieved by Italians in Almost Every Aspect of Life Over the Last 1000 Years] A. Baron Renaissance, 2008 University of California {{ISBN|978-1898823551}}
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=GGBRAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Veranzio%22 History of Technology] History of Technology, Graham Hollister-Short. A brief history of the technology through the centuries. The author is ''Honorary Lecteur'' of the Imperial College of London
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=RHpMAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Veranzio%22 Charles Joseph Singer, ''A History of Technology''], [[Charles Singer]] (British historian of science and medicine)
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=oXPRAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22Veranzio%22&pg=PA309 ''Dizionario bibliografico degli uomini illustri della Dalmazia''], Šime Ljubić  {{in lang|it}}
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=cRhIAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Veranzio%22 Archibald Montgomery Low, ''Parachutes in peace and war''], [[Archibald Low]] (English consulting engineer, research physicist and inventor, called "the father of the radio guidance systems"), 1942
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=quCh9tAW1jcC&dq=%22Veranzio%22&pg=PA179 ''Medieval religion and technology: collection of essays''] (1978), [[Lynn Townsend White Jr.|Lynn Townsend]], professor of medieval history at Princeton, Stanford and UCLA.
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=Re9KAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Veranzio%22+venetian ''Anthropological series''], (vol. 18), Field Museum of Natural History, Field Columbian Museum.
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=YuUIAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Veranzio%22+venetian ''Technology and culture''], Society for the History of Technology, vol. 9, 1968
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=C_ZroS6rY54C&q=Veranzio&pg=PA209 Design paradigms: case histories of error and judgment in engineering] Henry Petroski CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1994 {{ISBN|978-0-521-46649-3}}
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=YISIUycS4HgC&dq=Veranzio&pg=PA11 Technological concepts and mathematical models in the evolution of modern engineering systems: controlling, managing, organizing], Mario Lucertini, Ana Millán Gasc, F. Nicolò, Birkhäuser, 2004, {{ISBN|3-7643-6940-X}}
*''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_w0OAAAAQAAJ&q=Veranzio+V%C3%A9nitiens&pg=PA47 Histoire des sciences mathématiques en Italie:] depuis la renaissance des lettres jusqu'à la fin du dix-septième siècle'' Ghent University, 1848 {{in lang|fr}}
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=g1whAQAAIAAJ&q=Fausto+Veranzio+ Musei per la scienza - Science museums] L.B.Peressut, Pub. Lybra imagine, (illustrated) 1998, {{ISBN|88-8223-033-3}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120208074045/http://www.arcipelagoadriatico.it/uomini/dalmati/veranzio.html Fausto Veranzio - Innovatore] {{in lang|it}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Faust Vrančić}}
* {{DBI |title= VERANZIO, Fausto |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/fausto-veranzio_(Dizionario-Biografico)|last= Ivetic|first= Egidio|volume= 98}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117014746/http://www.aero.com/publications/parachutes/9511/pc1195.htm aero.com]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veranzio, Fausto}}
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