Editing Fort Carson

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox military installation
 | name                 = Fort Carson
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[File:Mtnpostlogo.png|75px]] -->
 | location             = [[El Paso County, Colorado|El Paso]], [[Pueblo County, Colorado|Pueblo]], [[Fremont County, Colorado|Fremont]], and [[Huerfano County, Colorado|Huerfano counties]]<br/>near [[Colorado Springs, Colorado]]  
 | image                = [[File:Carsongate.JPG|300px]]<br/>One of the entrance signs at Fort Carson.<br/><br/>[[File:4th Infantry Division SSI.svg|80px]]  [[File:US Army Special Forces SSI.png|60px]]  [[File:Civil Affairs & Psychological Operations Command shoulder sleeve insignia.png|60px]]  [[File:71 Ord Grp SSI.png|55px]]  [[File:89MPBdeSSI.png|70px]]  [[File:62MedBnSSI.png|50px]]  [[File:AMC shoulder insignia.svg|70px]]  [[File:US Army Security Force Assistance Brigade SSI.png|75px]]  [[File:13th Air Support Operations Squadron.png|75px]]
 | caption              = Shoulder sleeve insignia of units stationed at<br/>Fort Carson.
 | built                = January 31, 1942
 | used                 = 1942–present
 | type                 = U.S. Army post
 | controlledby         = [[United States Army]]
 | garrison             = [[4th Infantry Division (United States)|4th Infantry Division]]<br/>[[10th Special Forces Group]]<br/>[[4th Security Force Assistance Brigade]]
 | commanders           = 
 | battles              = 
}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- Basic info  ---------------->
 | official_name         = Fort Carson, Colorado
 | other_name            = 
 | settlement_type       = [[Census-designated place|Census Designated Place]]
 | motto                 = 
<!-- images and maps  ----------->
 | image_map             = El Paso County Colorado Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Fort Carson Highlighted 0827370.svg
 | mapsize               = 
 | map_caption           = Location of the Fort Carson CDP in [[El Paso County, Colorado]]
 | pushpin_map           = USA
 | pushpin_label         = Fort Carson
 | pushpin_label_position = right
 | pushpin_map_caption   = Location of the Fort Carson CDP in the United States
 | pushpin_mapsize       = 
<!-- Location ------------------>
 | subdivision_type      = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
 | subdivision_name      = {{flag|United States}}
 | subdivision_type1     = [[U.S. state|State]]
 | subdivision_name1     = {{flag|Colorado}}
 | subdivision_type2     = [[List of counties in Colorado|County]]
 | subdivision_name2     = [[El Paso County, Colorado|El Paso County]]
 | subdivision_type3     = 
 | subdivision_name3     = 
<!-- Politics ----------------->
 | government_footnotes  = <ref name=gnis/>
 | government_type       = [[Federal Military Government/Garrison]]
 | leader_title          = Division Commander
 | leader_name           = [[MG David Doyle]]
 | leader_title1         = Division CSM
 | leader_name1          = CSM Alex Kupratty
 | established_title     = <!-- Settled -->
 | established_date      = 
 | established_title2    = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
 | established_date2     = 
 | established_title3    = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
 | established_date3     = 
<!-- Area    --------------------->
 | unit_pref             = [[Imperial units|Imperial]]
 | area_footnotes        = <ref name=CO_CDP_2020>{{cite web|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/tigerwebmain/Files/bvp20/tigerweb_bvp20_cdp_2020_co.html|title=State of Colorado Census Designated Places - BAS20 - Data as of January 1, 2020|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 21, 2020}}</ref>
 | area_total_km2        = 72.515
 | area_land_km2         = 72.440
 | area_water_km2        = 0.075
 | area_total_sq_mi      = 
 | area_land_sq_mi       = 
 | area_water_sq_mi      = 
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
 | population_as_of      = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
 | population_footnotes  = <ref name="Census 2020">{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Fort_Carson_CDP,_Colorado?g=160XX00US0827370 |title=Fort Carson CDP, Colorado |author=United States Census Bureau|date= |website= |publisher= |access-date=April 16, 2023 |quote=}}</ref>
 | population_note       = 
 | population_total      = 17,693
 | population_density_km2 = auto
 | population_density_sq_mi = auto
<!-- General information  --------------->
 | timezone              = [[Mountain Standard Time|MST]]
 | utc_offset            = -7
 | timezone_DST          = [[Mountain Daylight Time|MDT]]
 | utc_offset_DST        = -6
 | coordinates_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
 | coordinates           = {{coord|38|42|34|N|104|46|19|W|region:US-CO_type:city|name=Fort Carson CDP, Colorado|display=inline,title}}
 | elevation_footnotes   = <ref name=gnis/>
 | elevation_ft          = 5752
<!-- Area, postal, and other codes -------->
 | postal_code_type      = [[ZIP Code]]<ref name=ZIPcode>{{cite web|url=https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookup|title=Look Up a ZIP Code|publisher=[[United States Postal Service]]|access-date=December 15, 2020}}</ref>
 | postal_code           = 80902 and 80913
 | area_code             = [[Area code 719|719]]
 | blank_name            = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS feature ID]] 
 | blank_info            = 2408234<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2408234}}</ref>
 | blank1_name           = 
 | blank1_info           = 
 | website               = 
 | footnotes             = 
 | named_for             = [[Kit Carson]]
}}

'''Fort Carson''' is a [[United States Army]] post located directly south of Colorado Springs in [[El Paso County, Colorado|El Paso]], [[Pueblo County, Colorado|Pueblo]], [[Fremont County, Colorado|Fremont]], and [[Huerfano County, Colorado|Huerfano counties]], [[Colorado]], [[United States]]. The developed portion of Fort Carson is located near the [[Colorado Springs, Colorado|City of Colorado Springs]] in El Paso County.<ref>"[https://citydocs.coloradosprings.gov/WebClerk/GetDoc.aspx?DocID=44279&Show City Council Districts]." [[Colorado Springs, Colorado]]. Retrieved on December 10, 2017.</ref>

Fort Carson is the home of the [[4th Infantry Division (United States)|4th Infantry Division]], the [[10th Special Forces Group (United States)|10th Special Forces Group]], the [[4th Security Force Assistance Brigade]] (SFAB), the [[440th Civil Affairs Battalion|440th Civil Affairs Battalion (USAR)]], the [[71st Ordnance Group (EOD)]], the [[4th Engineer Battalion (United States)|4th Engineer Battalion]], the [[759th Military Police Battalion]], the [[10th Combat Support Hospital]], the [[43rd Sustainment Brigade]], the [[United States Army Materiel Command|Army Field Support Battalion-Fort Carson]], the [[96th Sustainment Brigade (United States)|423rd Transportation Company (USAR)]] and the [[13th Air Support Operations Squadron]] of the [[United States Air Force]]. The post also hosts units of the Army Reserve, Navy Reserve and the Colorado Army National Guard. Fort Carson was also home to the [[5th Infantry Division (United States)|5th Infantry Division]], known as the Red Devils.

==History==
===Camp Carson===
Camp Carson was established in 1942, following Japan's attack on [[Pearl Harbor]]. The city of Colorado Springs, Colorado purchased land south of the city and donated it to the War Department. Construction began immediately and the first building, the camp headquarters, was completed on January 31, 1942. Camp Carson was named in honor of the legendary Army scout, General [[Kit Carson|Christopher "Kit" Carson]], who explored much of the West in the 1800s.

At the construction's peak, nearly 11,500 workers were employed on various construction projects at the new camp. Facilities were provided for 35,173 enlisted men, 1,818 officers, and 592 nurses. Almost all of the buildings were of mobilization-type construction, with wood-sided exteriors. The hospital complex was constructed of concrete block, considered semi-permanent, and had space for 1,726 beds, expandable to 2,000 beds.

[[File:TrainingatCampCarson.gif|thumb|left|250px|Training on a [[37 mm Gun M3|37mm anti-tank gun]] at Camp Carson.]]
The [[89th Infantry Division (United States)|89th Infantry Division]] was the first major unit to be activated at Camp Carson. During World War II, over 100,000 soldiers trained at Camp Carson. Along with three other infantry divisions – the [[71st Infantry Division (United States)|71st Infantry Division]], [[104th Infantry Division (United States)|104th Infantry Division]] and [[10th Mountain Division (United States)|10th Mountain Division]] – more than 125 units were activated at Camp Carson and more than 100 others were transferred to the mountain post from other installations.

Nurses, cooks, mule packers, tank battalions, a Greek infantry battalion, and an Italian ordnance company trained at Camp Carson during the war years. Camp Carson was also home to nearly 9,000 Axis prisoners of war – mostly Italians and Germans. The internment camp at Camp Carson opened on the first day of 1943. These POWs alleviated the manpower shortage in Colorado by doing general farm work, canning tomatoes, cutting corn, and aiding in logging operations on Colorado's Western Slope.

Between 1942 and 1956, pack mules were a common sight at Camp Carson. The first shipment arrived by train from Nebraska in July 1942. The mules were used by Field Artillery (Pack) battalions to carry equipment, weapons, and supplies over mountainous terrain. The most famous of these animals was Hambone, the pride of the [[4th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|4th Field Artillery Battalion]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110522075401/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/fa/0004fa02bn.htm Branches] history.army.mil </ref> For 13 years, he carried the first sergeants up Ute Pass to [[Camp Hale]]. Camp Hale, located near [[Leadville, Colorado]], was where the Army conducted cold weather and mountain warfare training. Hambone died in March 1971 and was buried with full military honors.

By April 1946, the post-war military strength at the camp was around 600<ref>{{Cite web|title = History|url = http://www.carson.army.mil/DES/pmo/history.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150108181449/http://www.carson.army.mil/DES/pmo/history.html|url-status = dead|archive-date = January 8, 2015|website = www.carson.army.mil|access-date = 2016-02-18}}</ref> and on 16 December 1949, [[Strategic Air Command]] opened a survival school at Camp Carson for training in mountainous terrain (moved to [[Reno Stead Airport|Stead Air Force Base]], Nevada, in 1952.)<ref>Air Education and Training Command history, p. 146</ref>

===Designated Fort Carson===
Camp Carson was designated '''Fort Carson''' in 1954. In the 1960s, mechanized units were assigned to the fort and it was expanded to the present {{convert|137000|acre|abbr=on}}. Butts Army Air Field at the fort was constructed between 1963 and 1966 with a {{convert|4573|ft|m|adj=on}} runway for light fixed-wing aircraft ([[cf.]] USAF [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules|C-130s]] at the nearby [[Peterson Air Force Base]].)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pilotoutlook.com/airport/colorado/fcs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715084134/http://www.pilotoutlook.com/airport/colorado/fcs |url-status=usurped |archive-date=July 15, 2011 |title=Butts Aaf (Fort Carson) Airport(Fcs) &#124; Fort Carson Airports |publisher=PilotOutlook |access-date=2013-09-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/butts.htm |title=Butts Army Air Field (AAF) |publisher=Globalsecurity.org |access-date=2013-09-04}}</ref>

Throughout its history Fort Carson has been home to nine divisions. An additional training area, comprising {{convert|235,000|acre|ha|abbr=off}}, was purchased in September 1983. Named the [[Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site]], this training area is located approximately {{convert|150|mi|km}} road miles to the southeast, and is used for large force-on-force maneuver training. Comprehensive maneuver and live fire training also occurs downrange at Fort Carson.

Exercises and deployments continually hone the skills of Fort Carson soldiers. When not deployed, soldiers train annually at Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site and the National Training Center near Barstow, California. Additionally, units participate in joint exercises around the world, including Central and South Africa, Europe, and Southwest Asia. In 2003, most Fort Carson units were deployed in support of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Troops from the 984th Military Police CO, 759th Military Police BN were also sent in support of the guard mission at [[Guantanamo Bay Naval Base]], Cuba. President George W. Bush addressed soldiers and family members at the post on November 24, 2003, in praise of the soldiers' determination and the sacrifices their families have made.

Construction in 2007 and 2008 preceded the return of the 4th Infantry Division (4ID) from Fort Hood after their 2008 [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]] deployment (~5,000 additional soldiers).

===Controversy===
On February 14, 2007, the U.S. Army announced it was moving forward with a plan to expand the Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site in southeastern Colorado.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_5225670 | work=Denver Post | first=Mike | last=McPhee | title=Ft. Carson expansion OK'd}}</ref>  If expanded, Piñon Canyon would be the Army's largest single training area in the nation, tripling the size of the current site by adding {{convert|418000|acre|km2}} of private ranch land.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071106063802/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21617003/ "Army site expansion angers ranchers"], MSNBC. Nov 4, 2007 [https://web.archive.org/web/20080421204750/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/?search=MSNBC&q=%22pinon+canyon%22&id=11881780&FORM=AE&os=0&gs=1&p=1]</ref> At 650,000 acres (2630&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}), it would be nearly the size of the state of [[Rhode Island]].

Many in the local civilian population are opposed to this plan, because much of the land in rural areas that would be added to the training site is civilian-owned ranch land, and many current landowners are unwilling to be supplanted, regardless of the compensation that may be offered. The Pinon Canyon Expansion Opposition Coalition, an activist group opposing the plans, says that former maps it obtained from the Army showed a "future expansion area" significantly greater than is now being contemplated. The Army's position is that expansion is essential for preparing soldiers for battle in evergrowing theaters such as Afghanistan and the Middle East.

On November 25, 2013, the U.S. Army announced that its plan to expand the Piñon Canyon Maneuver site had been cancelled.<ref>"Mark Udall Welcomes the U.S. Army's Decision on the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o94-Jd5L7DM, accessed 29 July 2015</ref>

In response to a Congressional ban on Army funding for an expansion plan, the United States Air Force moved in with a plan to use the area for [[V-22 Osprey]] flights.<ref>Roper, Peter. [http://www.chieftain.com/news/local/article_fec2f4d0-f074-11df-98d3-001cc4c03286.html "Air Force the new Pinon Canyon foe."] ''[[The Pueblo Chieftain]]'', November 15, 2010</ref>

===Notable former Fort Carson soldiers===
*[[John E. Butts]] (1922–1944), [[Medal of Honor]] recipient for whom the Fort Carson airfield is named
*[[Wesley Clark]] (1944- ), Supreme Allied Commander Europe
*[[Martin Dempsey]] (1952- ), Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
*[[Andrew Maynard (boxer)|Andrew Maynard]] (1964- ), gold medalist boxer ([[1988 Summer Olympics]])
*[[Boyd Melson]] (1981- ), boxer
*[[Colin Powell]] (1937–2021), Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and U.S. Secretary of State
*[[Dennis Reimer]] (1939- ), US Army Chief of Staff
*[[Lionel Rivera]] (1956- ), mayor of Colorado Springs
*[[Bernard W. Rogers]] (1921–2008), US Army Chief of Staff, and NATO Supreme Allied Commander Europe, and Commander in Chief, US European Command
*[[John William Vessey, Jr.]] (1922–2016), US Army general and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1982–1985
*[[Matthew C Carson]] (1973-), US Military 1993-2018

==Census Designated Place==
The Fort Carson [[Census-designated place|census-designated place (CDP)]] includes the developed portion of Fort Carson located in [[El Paso County, Colorado|El Paso County]], [[Colorado]], [[United States]]. The CDP is a part of the [[Colorado Springs, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. The [[Colorado Springs, Colorado|Colorado Springs]] [[post office]] ([[Zip Code]]s 80902 and 80913) serves Fort Carson postal addresses.<ref name=ZIPcode/> At the [[2020 United States census]], the population of the Fort Carson CDP was 17,693.<ref name="Census 2020" />

===Geography===
The Fort Carson CDP has an area of {{convert|72.515|km2|acres|order=flip}}, including {{convert|0.075|km2|acres|order=flip}} of water.<ref name=CO_CDP_2020/>

===Demographics===
<!-- As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 10,566 people, 1,679 households, and 1,620 families residing in the CDP (the number increased to 13,183 by [[United States Census, 2010|2010]]<ref>[http://mcdc.missouri.edu/webrepts/pl94trends/Colorado_stplace2.html Colorado Trend Report 2: State and Complete Places (Sub-state 2010 Census Data).] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120711184447/http://mcdc.missouri.edu/webrepts/pl94trends/Colorado_stplace2.html |date=2012-07-11 }} Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed 2011-02-25.</ref>).
The [[population density]] was {{convert|1,126.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 2,664 housing units at an average density of {{convert|196.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|racial makeup]] of the CDP was 62.8% White, 20.0% African American, 2.1% Asian, 1.7% Native American, 0.8% Pacific Islander, 7.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 15.4% of the population.

There were 1,679 households, out of which 84.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 85.4% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 3.5% were non-families. 3.2% of all households were made up of individuals, none of whom were 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.70 and the average family size was 3.74.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 37.1% from 18 to 24, 34.2% from 25 to 44, 1.2% from 45 to 64, and 0.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 195.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 251.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $34,883, and the median income for a family was $34,385. Males had a median income of $19,865 versus $17,582 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $12,772. About 7.8% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the [[Poverty threshold|poverty line]], including 12.1% of those under the age of 18 and none of those 65 and older. -->
The [[United States Census Bureau]] initially defined the {{nowrap|Fort Carson CDP}} for the {{nowrap|[[1970 United States census]].}}
{{Historical populations
|title  = Fort Carson CDP, Colorado
|type   = US
|align  = left
|source = [[United States Census Bureau]]
|1970|19,399
|1980|13,219
|1990|11,309
|2000|10,566
|2010|13,813
|2020|17693
}}
{{clear}}

==Notable people==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦-Captain Donald L Parsons US Army. Distinguished Vietnam veteran.--> 
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦- Donald L. Parsons US Army.
-->
*[[Charley Pride]], Country singer, guitarist, and professional baseball player
*[[Michael T. Voorhees]], engineer, designer and geographer

==See also==
{{portal|Colorado}}
*[[South Central Colorado Urban Area]]
*[[Colorado Springs, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|auto=yes}}
*[https://home.army.mil/carson/index.php Fort Carson website]
*[http://www.fortcarsonmountaineer.com/ Fort Carson "Mountaineer"]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070625003746/http://www.carson.army.mil/pao/History%20Book/History%20Book.pdf/ Fort Carson post history] 
*[http://ffc8.schoolfusion.us/ Fountain-Fort Carson High School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120042/http://ffc8.schoolfusion.us/ |date=August 26, 2014 }}
{{El Paso County, Colorado|state=collapsed}}
{{Forts in Colorado}}
{{COMilitary|state=collapsed}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:United States Army posts|Carson]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in El Paso County, Colorado]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Colorado]]
[[Category:Forts in Colorado|Carson]]
[[Category:Economy of Colorado Springs, Colorado]]
[[Category:Military installations in Colorado]]
[[Category:Military history of El Paso County, Colorado]]
[[Category:Military installations established in 1942]]
[[Category:1942 establishments in Colorado]]