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Fuad II of Egypt
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{{Short description|King of Egypt and the Sudan from 1952 to 1953}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Fuad II of Egypt {{nobold | {{Ubl | {{native name|ar|فؤاد الثاني|italics=no|paren=omit}} }}}} | title = | image = Fuad II 2015 Interview.jpg | image_size = | caption = Fuad II in 2015 | succession = [[List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty|King of Egypt and the Sudan]] | reign = 26 July 1952 – 18 June 1953 | native_lang1 = Arabic | predecessor = [[Farouk of Egypt|Farouk I]] | successor = {{Unbulleted list|''Monarchy abolished''|([[Mohamed Naguib]] as [[President of Egypt]])}} | regent = [[Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] | reg-type = [[Regencies in Egypt#Regency during Fuad II's minority|Regent]] | succession1 = Head of the [[Muhammad Ali dynasty|Royal House of Egypt]] | reign1 = 18 March 1965 – present | predecessor1 = Farouk I | successor1 = [[Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id|Muhammad Ali]] | suc-type1 = [[Heir Apparent]] | spouse = {{marriage|[[Dominique-France Loeb-Picard]]|1976|1996|end=div}} | spouse-type = Spouse | issue = {{plainlist| * [[Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id]] * [[Princess Fawzia-Latifa of Egypt|Princess Fawzia-Latifa]] * Prince Fakhruddin }} | full name = Ahmed Fuad II ibn Farouk ibn Ahmed Fuad I ibn Ismail ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Ali | house = [[Muhammad Ali Dynasty|Alawiyya]] | father = [[Farouk of Egypt|Farouk I]] | mother = [[Narriman Sadek]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1952|01|16|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Abdeen Palace]], [[Cairo]], [[Kingdom of Egypt]] | signature = Fuad II signature.png | religion = [[Sunni Islam]] }} {{Infobox royal styles | image = Royal Monogram of King Faoud II of Egypt.svg | image_size = 55px | royal name = Ahmed Fuad Farouk | dipstyle = [[Majesty|His Majesty]] | offstyle = Your Majesty }} '''Fuad II''' ({{Langx|ar|فؤاد الثاني}}, full name: '''Ahmed Fuad bin Farouk bin Ahmed Fuad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Ali'''; born 16 January 1952), or alternatively '''Ahmed Fuad II''' ({{langx|ar|أحمد فؤاد الثاني}}), is a member of the Egyptian [[Muhammad Ali dynasty]]. As an infant, he formally reigned as the last [[King of Egypt and the Sudan]] from July 1952 to June 1953, when he was [[1952 Egyptian revolution|deposed]]. ==Birth and reign== [[File:Farouk nariman10.jpg|thumb|left|[[King Farouk]] and [[Narriman Sadek|Queen Narriman]] with Prince Fuad, January 1952]] The son of [[King Farouk]] and his second wife [[Narriman Sadek|Queen Narriman]], [[Crown Prince]] Ahmed Fuad{{Efn|Fuad's full name is Ahmed Fuad bin Farouk bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Ali.<ref name="Rosten2015">{{Cite book |title=The Last Cheetah of Egypt: A Narrative History of Egyptian Royalty from 1805 to 1953 |last=Rosten |first=David B. |isbn=9781491779392 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7guCwAAQBAJ |year=2015|publisher=iUniverse }}</ref>{{Rp|page=129}}|group=lower-alpha}} was born on 16 January 1952 in [[Abdeen Palace]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} He was delivered at 8:30{{nbsp}}a.m. and named after his grandfather [[Fuad I]].<ref name="FaroukHeir">{{Cite news |date=17 January 1952 |title=King Farouk Has An Heir At Last |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |volume=35 |issue=591 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/18252377 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> Fuad had three half-sisters from Farouk's previous marriage with [[Queen Farida]]: princesses [[Farial of Egypt|Farial]], [[Princess Fawzia Farouk of Egypt|Fawzia]] and [[Fadia of Egypt|Fadia]]. As women could not inherit the Egyptian throne, Farouk's first cousin, [[Mohammed Ali Tewfik|Prince Mohammed Ali Tewfik]], was [[heir presumptive]] until Fuad's birth.<ref name="FaroukHeir" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bardakçı |first=Murat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrRSDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA164 |title=Neslishah: The Last Ottoman Princess |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |isbn=978-977-416-837-6 |page=164 |language=en}}</ref> Immediately following his birth, Fuad was granted the title of [[Prince of the Sa'id]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1952 |title=Queen Narriman of Egypt Has Son; Joyful Nation Greets Farouk's Heir; 6 1/2-Pound Crown Prince Named Ahmed Fuad After Grandfather, the Late King – 101-Gun Salute Sounds Over Cairo |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/01/17/archives/queen-narriman-of-egypt-has-son-joyful-nation-greets-farouks-heir-6.html |access-date=2022-12-10 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=28 January 1952 |title=Egypt: Blessed Day |language=en-US |magazine=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,806274,00.html |access-date=10 December 2022 |issn=0040-781X}}</ref> He was styled accordingly as Ahmed Fuad, Prince of the Sa'id.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Farouk's heir |volume=39 |page=34 |work=[[Newsweek]] |year=1952 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xN0M7iMTl0AC |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> On 23 July 1952, the [[Free Officers Movement (Egypt)|Free Officers]] led by [[Mohamed Naguib]] and [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] started the beginning the [[Egyptian revolution of 1952|Egyptian revolution]] to dispose the Muhammad Ali non-Egyptian dynasty.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Morgan |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpIgDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA460 |title=History of the Coptic Orthodox People and the Church of Egypt |date= 2016 |publisher=FriesenPress |isbn=978-1-4602-8027-0 |page=460 |language=en |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> On 26 July, Farouk was ordered to abdicate in favour of the crown prince and leave Egypt.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crompton |first=Paul |date=25 January 2014 |title=The overthrow of Egypt's King Farouk: a dramatic departure from power |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/perspective/features/2014/01/25/The-overthrow-of-the-king-Farouk-s-dramatic-departure-from-power |access-date=10 December 2022 |website=Al Arabiya English |language=en}}</ref> Farouk abdicated and went into [[exile]] in Italy. His family, including Fuad, joined him in exile.<ref name=":10" /> By stepping down, Farouk had wished that the forces opposing the monarchy would be placated, and that Fuad could unify the country during his reign.<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=129}} ===Regency=== On Farouk's abdication, the army proclaimed that Fuad was now King Fuad II of Egypt and the Sudan, at only 6 months of age.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=4 August 1952 |title=Farouk abdicates |volume=33 |page=32 |work=[[LIFE Magazine]] |issue=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YFYEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA32 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>{{Efn|It was also reported that Fuad was proclaimed as King Ahmed Fuad II of Egypt and the Sudan.<ref>{{Cite news |title=British warships sail for Egypt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2011/jul/28/archive-british-warships-head-to-egypt-1952 |date=28 July 1952 |access-date=10 December 2022 |work=[[Manchester Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Unicorn Book of 1952 |publisher=Unicorn Books |year=1952 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muYkAQAAMAAJ |others=Joseph Laffan Morse |page=226 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Britannica Book of the Year 1953 |publisher=[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]] |year=1953 |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/britannicabookof030444mbp |page=10 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>|group=lower-alpha}} The country was now ruled by Nasser, Naguib and the other Free Officers.<ref name=":0" /> Naguib promised to maintain a [[constitutional monarchy]] with a [[regency council]] holding power until Fuad [[came of age]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 August 1952 |title=Simple life for a King |volume=33 |page=24 |work=Life Magazine |issue=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TFYEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> Fuad's constitutional powers were assumed by the [[Cabinet of Egypt|Cabinet]] until 2 August 1952, when a regency body, but not a council, was established.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Rizk |first=Yunan Labib |date=27 January – 2 February 2005 |title=Royal help |work=[[Al-Ahram]] |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm |access-date=10 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051024020743/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm |archive-date=24 October 2005}}</ref> Prince [[Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] was appointed [[regent]] and led the body.<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=94}} The regency body had no actual powers, however, these having been effectively assumed by the [[Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council|Revolutionary Command Council]] which was led by Naguib. The body was dissolved on 7 September 1952 and Moneim was appointed the sole [[prince regent]], though he still had no actual powers when serving in this role.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=94}} The monarchy was [[Declaration of the Republic|formally abolished]] on 18 June 1953: Egypt was declared a republic for the first time in its history, and Naguib became its first ever [[President of Egypt|President]]. Fuad was officially deposed and stripped of his royal titles. ==Life in exile== [[File:Farouk I, Narriman & Fuad II in Capri.jpg|thumb|right|Narriman, Fuad and Farouk in exile in [[Capri]], Italy, 1953]] Following Fuad's deposition,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramadan |first=Nada |date=4 August 2015 |title='Last King of Egypt' cancels Suez Canal visit |url=https://www.newarab.com/opinion/last-king-egypt-cancels-suez-canal-visit |access-date=10 December 2022 |website=[[The New Arab]]}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last1=Victor |first1=Dalia |last2=Farouk |first2=Sanaa |date=16 March 2022 |title=Egypt's last monarch visits Egypt |url=https://en.wataninet.com/features/tourism/egypts-last-monarch-visits-egypt/38163/ |access-date=11 December 2022 |website=Watani |language=en-US}}</ref> Fuad and his half-sisters were sent to live in [[Switzerland]] while Farouk remained in Italy, settling in [[Rome]]. Queen Narriman returned to Egypt in 1953 after wanting a divorce, and Farouk insisted that Fuad remain abroad.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Whitworth |first=Damian |date=3 February 2011 |title=Egypt's last king on life in exile |work=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/africa-travel/egypt/egypts-last-king-on-life-in-exile-xc8mfnd9l88 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=":10" /> In 1958, Fuad was stripped of his Egyptian citizenship.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} Farouk would visit Fuad two or three times each year before the former's unexpected death, possibly from a heart attack, in 1965, when Fuad was 13 years old. Fuad believes that Farouk was "poisoned by enemies".<ref name=":3" /> When he died, there were rumours in the press that he had been poisoned by [[Egyptian intelligence]], though there is no known evidence to confirm this.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Akyeampong |first1=Emmanuel Kwaku |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA351 |title=Dictionary of African Biography |last2=Gates Jr. |first2=Henry Louis |date=2 February 2012 |publisher=OUP USA |isbn=9780195382075 |volume=1-6 |page=351}}</ref> After Farouk's death, Fuad was guaranteed protection by Prince [[Rainier III of Monaco]] and his wife [[Princess Grace]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} Fuad would later become friends with Rainier in his early adulthood, when he visited [[Monte Carlo]] every summer.<ref name=":10" /> He has a [[Monégasque passport]], on which he is named His Royal Highness Prince Ahmed Fouad Farouk.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":10" /> Growing up, Fuad and his half-sisters lived in [[Cully, Switzerland|Cully]], a small village on [[Lake Geneva]], under the care of a [[nanny]], [[governess]] and [[bodyguard]]. Fuad attended the local public school where he was bullied and then went to [[middle school]] in [[Lausanne]], before later attending the [[Institut Le Rosey]], an elite and prestigious private [[boarding school]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Maurisse |first=Marie |date=20 March 2011 |title=Fouad II d'Égypte, le roi oublié |language=fr-FR |trans-title=Fuad II of Egypt, the forgotten king |work=[[Le Figaro]] |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/mon-figaro/2011/03/20/10001-20110320ARTFIG00166-fouad-ii-d-egypte-le-roi-oublie.php |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite news |last=Lagnado |first=Lucette |date=18 September 2010 |title=The Lonely King Without a Throne |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703743504575494270020776944 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> He completed his secondary education, obtaining a [[French baccalaureate]], before studying at the [[University of Geneva]].<ref name=":5" /> He graduated with a degree in politics and economics in 1975.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} In 1973, President [[Anwar Sadat]] lifted Fuad's and his half-sisters' exile.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Arrott |first=Elizabeth |date=2 December 2009 |title=Exiled Egyptian Princess Mourned in Cairo |url=https://www.51voa.com/VOA_Standard_English/VOA_Standard_English_34881.html |access-date=11 December 2022 |website=[[Voice of America]] |archive-date=11 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211203920/https://www.51voa.com/VOA_Standard_English/VOA_Standard_English_34881.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Fuad's Egyptian citizenship was restored in 1974. He has occasionally visited Egypt ever since,<ref name=":5" /> with his first visit occurring in 1991.<ref name=":3" /> On his Egyptian passport he has no titles and is simply identified as Ahmed Fuad with job description "previous king of Egypt".<ref name=":3" /> He is a [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi|Sisi]]-Supporter and has been granted a diplomatic passort by president [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi|Abdelfattah Al-Sisi]] as well as a private plane and financial support.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://alwatan.kuwait.tt/articledetails.aspx?id=383018&yearquarter=20143 |access-date=2024-12-29 |website=alwatan.kuwait.tt}}</ref> ==Marriage== [[File:Narriman 10.jpg|thumb|right|Fuad and Fadila's wedding in 1977]] Fuad immigrated to Paris after graduating from university.<ref name=":5" /> In Paris, he set up a real estate business and married [[Dominique-France Loeb-Picard]], a Jewish woman of [[Alsatian Jew|Alsatian origin]], in a civil ceremony in Paris on 16 April 1976.<ref name=":7">{{cite book |title=Burke's Royal Families of the World |publisher=Burke's Peerage |year=1980 |isbn=978-0-85011-029-6 |editor-last=Montgomery-Massingberd |editor-first=Hugh |editor-link=Hugh Massingberd |volume=II: Africa & the Middle East |location=London |pages=20–37 |chapter=The Royal House of Egypt |oclc=18496936}}</ref> She then converted to [[Sunni Islam]],{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} and the two had a religious wedding in Monaco on 5 October 1977.<ref name=":7" /> Loeb-Picard changed her name to Fadila Farouk.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Webster |first=Paul |date=16 September 2002 |title=Egypt's last queen ousted from palatial Parisian apartment |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/sep/16/paulwebster |access-date=11 December 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Egyptian monarchists addressed her as Queen Fadila of Egypt,<ref name=":7" /> a nickname coined by the media.<ref name=":5" /> She then formally assumed the title of [[Queen of Egypt and Sudan|Queen of Egypt]].<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=129}} In 1996, she and Fuad divorced, and he stripped her of her title.<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=|pages=129–130}} After years of divorce proceedings which began in 1999,<ref name=":9" /> the marriage was formally dissolved in 2008.<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=129}} Fuad found the divorce "deeply painful" and suffered from [[Depression (mood)|depression]] and poor health.<ref name=":3" /> Since the divorce Fadila has been known as Princess Fadila of Egypt.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} === Issue === Fuad and Fadila had three children before their divorce: [[Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id|Prince Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id]] (born 5 February 1979), [[Princess Fawzia-Latifa of Egypt|Princess Fawzia-Latifa]] (born 12 February 1982) and Prince Fakhruddin (born 25 August 1987).<ref name="Rosten2015" />{{Rp|page=130}} The family lived together in Paris until the parents' divorce.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} After the divorce, Fuad was [[Family estrangement|estranged]] with his children until {{circa|2011}}.<ref name=":3" /> Fuad has four grandchildren.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} == Later life == After his divorce with Fadila, Fuad returned to Switzerland to stay close with his half-sisters.<ref name=":11" /> In May 2010, he recorded a television interview with [[ONTV (Egypt)|ONTV]] and talked about his visits to Egypt, how he felt about the Egyptian people, and their view of his late father. Fuad II supported the candidacy of [[Field Marshal]] [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] as [[President of Egypt]] in October 2013.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Je suis le dernier roi d'Égypte|journal=[[L'Illustré]]|url=http://www.illustre.ch/illustre/article/fouad|access-date=17 July 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128165351/http://www.illustre.ch/illustre/article/fouad|archive-date=28 January 2016}}</ref> However, in 2023 ''[[The Economist]]'' reported that some Egyptians were clamoring for his return as Egypt's ruler as frustration with Sisi's rule deepened.<ref>{{cite news |title=Egyptians are disgruntled with President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2023/06/15/egyptians-are-disgruntled-with-president-abdel-fattah-al-sisi |access-date=25 October 2023 |newspaper=The Economist |date=15 June 2023 |quote=Even the 71-year-old Ahmed Fouad, the son of the late King Farouk who resides in Switzerland and speaks broken Arabic, is occasionally mentioned.}}</ref> ==Ancestry== {{ahnentafel |collapsed=yes |align=center |ref=<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Montgomery-Massingberd|editor-first=Hugh|editor-link=Hugh Massingberd|title=Burke's Royal Families of the World|volume=II: Africa & the Middle East|year=1980|publisher=Burke's Peerage|location=London|isbn=978-0-85011-029-6|oclc=18496936|page=287|chapter=The French Ancestry of King Farouk of Egypt}}</ref> |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |1= 1. '''Fuad II of Egypt''' |2= 2. [[Farouk of Egypt|Farouk I of Egypt]] |3= 3. [[Narriman Sadek]] |4= 4. [[Fuad I of Egypt]] |5= 5. [[Nazli Sabri]] |6= 6. Hussain Fahmi Sadek Bey |7= 7. Asila Kamel Khanum |8= 8. [[Isma'il Pasha|Isma'il Pasha, ''Khedive'' of Egypt]] |9= 9. [[Ferial Qadin|Ferial Hanem]] |10=10. [[Abdel Rahim Sabri Pasha]], Governor of Cairo |11=11. Tawfika Sharif Hanim |12= 12. Ali Sadek Bey |14= 14. Mahmoud Kamel }} {{chart top|text-align=left|Patrilineal descent}} #Ibrahim Agha #[[Muhammad Ali of Egypt]], 1769–1849 #[[Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt]], 1789–1848 #[[Isma'il Pasha]], 1830–1895 #[[Fuad I of Egypt]], 1868–1936 #[[Farouk of Egypt]], 1920–1965 #Fuad II of Egypt, b. 1952 {{chart bottom}} ==See also== *[[Egyptian Revolution of 1952]] *[[List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty]] *[[List of shortest-reigning monarchs]] ==Notes== {{notelist}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== *{{Cite book |last=Hammudah |first=Adil |author-link=Adel Hammouda |title=Al-Malik Ahmad Fu'ad al-Thani, al-malik al-akhir wa-'arsh Misr |trans-title=King Ahmad Fuad II, the Last King and the Throne of Egypt |url=http://dar.bibalex.org/#BookDetails-9656 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070507154050/http://dar.bibalex.org/#BookDetails-9656 |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 May 2007 |access-date=5 December 2008 |year=1991 |publisher=Sifinks |location=Cairo |language=ar |isbn=978-977-5185-06-8 |oclc=29394467 }} ==External links== {{Commons category|Fuad II of Egypt}} *[http://www.egyptianroyalty.net Egyptian Royalty] by Ahmed S. Kamel, Hassan Kamel Kelisli-Morali, Georges Soliman and Magda Malek *[http://www.egyptedantan.com L'Egypte D'Antan... Egypt in Bygone Days ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522203913/http://www.egyptedantan.com/ |date=22 May 2019 }} by Max Karkegi {{s-start}} {{s-hou|[[Muhammad Ali Dynasty]]|16 January|1952}} {{s-reg}} {{s-bef | before = [[Farouk of Egypt|Farouk I]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty|King of Egypt and the Sudan]] | years = 26 July 1952 – 18 June 1953 }} {{s-aft | after = [[Muhammad Naguib]] | as = [[List of Presidents of Egypt|President of Egypt]] }} {{s-roy|eg}} {{s-bef | before = [[Farouk of Egypt|Farouk]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[Prince of the Sa'id]] | years = 16 January 1952 – 26 July 1952 }} {{s-vac|next = [[Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id|Muhammad Ali]]}} {{s-pre}} {{s-new|loss | reason = Monarchy abolished }} {{s-tul|title = [[King of Egypt and the Sudan]]|years=18 June 1953 – present}} {{s-inc | heir = [[Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id|Muhammad Ali]] | heir-type = Heir apparent }} {{s-end}} {{Muhammad Ali Dynasty}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fuad 02 of Egypt}} [[Category:1952 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Egyptian Muslims]] [[Category:20th-century Egyptian monarchs]] [[Category:Egyptian emigrants to France]] [[Category:Egyptian emigrants to Switzerland]] [[Category:Egyptian people of Albanian descent]] [[Category:Egyptian people of Circassian descent]] [[Category:Egyptian people of Turkish descent]] [[Category:Egyptian people of French descent]] [[Category:Egyptian people of Greek descent]] [[Category:Farouk of Egypt]] [[Category:Heirs to the Egyptian throne]] [[Category:Kings of Egypt]] [[Category:Kings of Sudan]] [[Category:Child monarchs]] [[Category:Muhammad Ali dynasty monarchs]] [[Category:Royalty from Cairo]] [[Category:Monarchs deposed as children]] [[Category:Alumni of Institut Le Rosey]]
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