Editing GIMP

{{Short description|Open source raster graphics editor}}
{{Other uses|Gimp (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox software
| name = GNU Image Manipulation Program
| logo = The GIMP icon - v3.0.svg
| screenshot = GIMP-3.png
| caption = GIMP version 3.0
| author = [[Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)|Spencer Kimball]], [[Peter Mattis]]
| developer = GIMP Development Team
| released = {{Start date and age|1998|6|2|df=yes}}
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q8038|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q8038|P348|P548=Q2804309|P577}}}}
| latest preview version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q8038|P348|P548=Q51930650}}
| latest preview date = {{Start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q8038|P348|P548=Q51930650|P577}}}}
| repo = {{URL|gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp}}
| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]]
| operating system = [[Linux]], [[macOS]], [[Windows]], [[FreeBSD]], [[OpenBSD]], [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], [[AmigaOS 4]]
| language count = 82
| language footnote = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://l10n.gnome.org/module/gimp/ |title=Module Statistics: GIMP |website=l10n.Gnome.org |publisher=[[GNOME Project]] |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-date=31 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131044150/https://l10n.gnome.org/module/gimp/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| language = [[Amharic]], [[Arabic]], [[Asturian language|Asturian]], [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]], [[Basque language|Basque]], [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]], [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]], [[Brazilian Portuguese]], [[Breton language|Breton]], [[British English]], [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]], [[Burmese language|Burmese]], [[Canadian English]], [[Catalan language|Catalan]], [[Central Kurdish]], [[Chinese language|Chinese (China)]], [[Chinese language|Chinese (Hong Kong)]], [[Chinese language|Chinese (Taiwan)]], [[Croatian language|Croatian]], [[Czech language|Czech]], [[Danish language|Danish]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Dzongkha]], [[Esperanto]], [[Estonian language|Estonian]], [[Finnish language|Finnish]], [[French language|French]], [[Galician language|Galician]], [[Georgian language|Georgian]], [[German language|German]], [[Greek language|Greek]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Hindi]], [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]], [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]], [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]], [[Irish language|Irish]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Japanese language|Japanese]], [[Kabyle language|Kabyle]], [[Kannada]], [[Kashubian language|Kashubian]], [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Khmer language|Khmer]], [[Kinyarwanda]], [[Kyrgyz language|Kirghiz]], [[Korean language|Korean]], [[Latvian language|Latvian]], [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]], [[Low German]], [[Macedonian language|Macedonian]], [[Malay language|Malay]], [[Malayalam]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]], [[Bokmål|Norwegian (Bokmål)]], [[Nynorsk|Norwegian (Nynorsk)]], [[Occitan language|Occitan]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Polish language|Polish]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Romanian language|Romanian]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Scottish Gaelic]], [[Serbian language|Serbian (Cyrillic script)]], [[Serbian language|Serbian (Latin script)]], [[Sinhala language|Sinhala]], [[Slovak language|Slovak]], [[Slovene language|Slovene]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Swedish language|Swedish]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Tatar language|Tatar]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Thai language|Thai]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]], [[Valencian language|Valencian]], [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]], [[Yiddish]]
| genre = [[Raster graphics editor]]
| license = [[GNU General Public License|GPL-3.0-or-later]]
| website = {{Official URL}}
}}

The '''GNU Image Manipulation Program''', commonly known by its acronym '''GIMP''' ({{IPAc-en|ɡ|ɪ|m|p|audio=En-au-gimp.ogg}} {{respell|GHIMP}}), is a [[free and open-source]] [[raster graphics editor]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Peck |first=Akkana |title=Beginning GIMP: From Novice to Professional |publisher=Physica-Verlag |date=2006 |isbn=978-1-4302-0135-9 |page=1 }}</ref>  

It is commonly used for photo retouching, [[image editing]], free-hand drawing, and [[transcoding|converting]] between different [[image file format]]s. 

GIMP is freely available on Windows, Linux and macOS. It is licensed under the [[GNU General Public License|GNU General Public License (GPL 3.0 or later)]].  The project is supported by a community of volunteers. Users are encouraged to contribute.<ref>[https://www.gimp.org/develop/ Get Involved] - Gimp.org</ref> 

GIMP supports plugins and scripting, allowing users to extend its features and automate tasks.  While it is not primarily designed for drawing, some artists and creators still use it for that purpose.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP User Manual: Creating a Basic Shape |url=https://docs.gimp.org/2.10/en/gimp-using-rectangular.html |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=12 April 2023 |archive-date=8 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308061356/https://docs.gimp.org/2.10/en/gimp-using-rectangular.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== History ==
In 1995, [[Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)|Spencer Kimball]] and [[Peter Mattis]] began developing GIMP as a semester project at  [[University of California, Berkeley]] for the [[eXperimental Computing Facility]]''.''<ref name="GIMPHISTORY">{{cite web |title=How It All Started |url=https://www.gimp.org/about/prehistory.html |last1=Kimball |first1=Spencer |last2=Mattis |first2=Peter |access-date=18 June 2020 |archive-date=25 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625185922/https://www.gimp.org/about/prehistory.html |url-status=live }}</ref>  The software was originally named the General Image Manipulation Program. Kimball and Mattis formed the acronym GIMP by adding the letter G to "-IMP," inspired by a reference to "the gimp" in the 1994 film ''[[Pulp Fiction]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Beane |first=Zachary |date=1 January 1997 |title=Spencer Kimball & Peter Mattis |url=https://www.xach.com/gg/1997/1/profile/1/ |website=Gimp Gazette |access-date=29 March 2020 |quote=It took us a little while to come up with the name. We knew we wanted an image manipulation program like Photoshop, but the name IMP sounded wrong. We also tossed around XIMP (X Image Manipulation Program) following the rule of when in doubt prefix an X for X11 based programs. At the time, ''Pulp Fiction'' was the hot movie and a single word popped into my mind while we were tossing out name ideas. It only took a few more minutes to determine what the 'G' stood for. |archive-date=11 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111191926/https://www.xach.com/gg/1997/1/profile/1/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

GIMP's first public release, version 0.54, came out in 1996.<ref name="gimp-prehistory">{{cite web |title=Prehistory – before GIMP 0.54 |url=http://gimp.org/about/prehistory.html |date=29 July 1995 |website=Gimp.org |publisher=Peter Mattis |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=5 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905165132/http://www.gimp.org/about/prehistory.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ancient-history">{{cite web |title=ancient history |url=http://gimp.org/about/ancient_history.html |website=Gimp.org |access-date=18 June 2012 |archive-date=5 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905160149/http://www.gimp.org/about/ancient_history.html |url-status=live }}</ref>  It attracted many users, and a community of contributors grew around it.  These contributors produced tutorials, shared artwork, and introduced improved workflows and techniques.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bunks |first=Carey |url=https://archive.org/details/grokkinggimp00care/page/14 |title=Grokking the GIMP |publisher=New Riders |date=2000 |isbn=978-0-7357-0924-9 |page=14 |access-date=8 July 2009 |url-access=registration }}</ref>

During a visit to UC Berkeley in 1997, [[Richard Stallman]] of the [[GNU Project]] spoke with Kimball and Mattis about changing "General" in the program's name to "GNU".<ref>{{cite web |title=Documentation |url=http://gimp.org/docs/userfaq.html#Gimp |website=Gimp.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628231352/http://gimp.org/docs/userfaq.html#Gimp |archive-date=28 June 2012 |access-date=18 June 2012}}</ref> Stallman approved, and GIMP became part of the GNU software collection.<ref>{{cite web |title=GNU Software |url=https://www.gnu.org/software/software.html |website=Gnu.org |publisher=GNU |access-date=28 March 2015 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225191933/http://www.gnu.org/software/software.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The initial release worked only on [[Unix]]-based systems such as [[Linux]], [[Silicon Graphics|SGI]] [[IRIX]] and [[HP-UX]].{{r|GIMPHISTORY}}<ref name="Why Windows">{{cite web |title=Why Port to Windows |url=http://www.gimp.org/~tml/gimp/win32/why.html |website=Gimp.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627105722/http://www.gimp.org/~tml/gimp/win32/why.html |archive-date=27 June 2009 }}</ref> Since then, GIMP has been ported to other operating systems, including [[Microsoft Windows]] (1997, GIMP 1.1)<ref name="Why Windows" /> and [[macOS]].

A [[widget toolkit|GUI toolkit]] called [[GTK]] (at the time known as the GIMP ToolKit) was developed to facilitate the development of GIMP. The development of the GIMP ToolKit has been attributed to Peter Mattis becoming disenchanted with the [[Motif (software)|Motif]] toolkit GIMP originally used. Motif was used up to GIMP 0.60.<ref name="ancient-history" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Hackvän |first=Stig |date=1 January 1999 |title=Where Did Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis go? |url=http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-1999-01/lw-01-gimp.html |website=[[LinuxWorld.com]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990417052141/http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-1999-01/lw-01-gimp.html |archive-date=17 April 1999 |access-date=19 August 2013 |quote=''LinuxWorld: Why did you write GTk as part of GIMP? Mattis: The original version of the GIMP (0.5) used Motif.''}}</ref>{{Clear}}

=== Mascot ===
[[File:Wilber (Gimp mascot) horizontal.png|right|300x300px]]

Wilber, the official mascot of GIMP, was created using GIMP by Tuomas Kuosmanen, known as ''tigert'', on September 25 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gimp.org/about/ancient_history.html |title=A Brief (and Ancient) History of GIMP |website=Gimp.org |access-date=10 September 2022 |archive-date=23 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023130629/https://www.gimp.org/about/ancient_history.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Over time, other GIMP developers contributed additional accessories for Wilber, which are included in the ''Wilber Construction Kit''.  The kit is available in GIMP's [[source code]] at <code>/docs/Wilber_Construction_Kit.xcf.gz</code>.

== Development ==
GIMP is primarily developed by volunteers as a free and open source software project associated with both the [[GNU]] and [[GNOME]] projects. Development takes place in a public [[git]] [[source code]] repository,<ref name="gimp-git">{{cite web |title=GIMP – GNU Image Manipulation Program |url=https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp |date=2020 |website=Gimp.org |publisher=GNOME |access-date=31 August 2020 |archive-date=24 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524063856/https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp |url-status=live }}</ref> on public mailing lists and in public chat channels on the GIMPNET [[IRC]] network.<ref>{{cite web |title=Get Involved |url=http://www.gimp.org/develop/ |date=2020 |website=Gimp.org |publisher=GNOME |access-date=12 April 2023 |archive-date=29 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929182144/http://www.gimp.org/develop/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

New features are held in public separate source code branches and merged into the main (or development) branch when the GIMP team is sure they won't damage existing functions.<ref name="gimp-git" /> Sometimes this means that features that appear complete do not get merged or take months or years before they become available in GIMP.

GIMP itself is released as source code. After a source code release, installers and packages are made for different operating systems by parties who might not be in contact with the maintainers of GIMP.

The [[Software versioning|version number]] used in GIMP is expressed in a ''major-minor-micro'' format, with each number carrying a specific meaning: the first (major) number is incremented only for major developments (and is currently 3). The second (minor) number is incremented with each release of new features, with odd numbers reserved for in-progress development versions and even numbers assigned to stable releases; the third (micro) number is incremented before and after each release (resulting in even numbers for releases, and odd numbers for development snapshots) with any bug fixes subsequently applied and released for a stable version.

Previously, GIMP applied for several positions in the [[Google Summer of Code]] (GSoC).<ref name="Wiki SummerOfCode">{{cite web |title=SummerOfCode |url=http://wiki.gimp.org/gimp/SummerOfCode |date=30 April 2009 |website=Wiki.Gimp.org |publisher=GIMP developers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090827115720/http://wiki.gimp.org/gimp/SummerOfCode |archive-date=27 August 2009 |access-date=12 April 2023 }}</ref><ref name="gsoc-gimp-2009">{{cite web |title=GNU Image Manipulation Program |url=https://socghop.appspot.com/org/home/google/gsoc2009/gimp |date=2009 |website=Google Summer of Code 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090423053949/http://socghop.appspot.com/org/home/google/gsoc2009/gimp |archive-date=23 April 2009 |access-date=30 June 2009 }}</ref> From 2006 to 2009 there have been nine GSoC projects that have been listed as successful,<ref name="Wiki SummerOfCode" /> although not all successful projects have been merged into GIMP immediately. The healing brush and perspective clone tools and [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]] bindings were created as part of the 2006 GSoC and can be used in version 2.8.0 of GIMP, although there were three other projects that were completed and are later available in a stable version of GIMP; those projects being Vector Layers (end 2008 in 2.8 and master),<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP – GNU Image Manipulation Program |url=https://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp/commit/?id=39af762f615a6a86a82f154638bfca133592e140 |website=Git.Gnome.org | date=25 October 2008 }}</ref> and a [[JPEG 2000]] plug-in (mid 2009 in 2.8 and master).<ref>{{cite web |title=GNU Image Manipulation Program |url=https://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp/commit/?id=6e581ca990326ca083986ae209443612439b3e51 |website=git.gnome.org| date=June 2009 }}</ref> Several of the GSoC projects were completed in 2008, but have been merged into a stable GIMP release later in 2009 to 2014 for Version 2.8.xx and 2.10.x. Some of them needed some more code work for the master tree.

Second public Development 2.9-Version was 2.9.4 with many deep improvements after initial Public Version 2.9.2.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.9.2 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2015/11/27/gimp-2-9-2-released/ |website=Gimp.org |date=27 November 2015 |access-date=4 January 2018 |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201041938/https://www.gimp.org/news/2015/11/27/gimp-2-9-2-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.9.4 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2016/07/13/gimp-2-9-4-released/ |website=Gimp.org |date=13 July 2016 |access-date=18 December 2016 |archive-date=12 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112231331/https://www.gimp.org/news/2016/07/13/gimp-2-9-4-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Third Public 2.9-Development version is Version 2.9.6.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.9.6 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2017/08/24/gimp-2-9-6-released/ |website=Gimp.org |date=24 August 2017 |access-date=9 September 2017 |archive-date=24 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824210851/https://www.gimp.org/news/2017/08/24/gimp-2-9-6-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref> One of the new features is removing the 4 GB size limit of XCF file.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.9.6 Readying New Clipboard, GUI Improvements – Phoronix |url=http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=GIMP-2.9.6-Features |website=Phoronix.com |access-date=26 May 2017 |archive-date=13 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170413034202/http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=GIMP-2.9.6-Features |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP – GNU Image Manipulation Program |url=https://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp/commit/?id=226fb033859e64b2e6bea67df50ee76de53370a7 |website=git.gnome.org| date=30 May 2017 }}</ref> Increase of possible threads to 64 is also an important point for modern parallel execution in actual [[AMD]] [[Ryzen]] and [[Intel]] [[Xeon]] processors. Version 2.9.8 included many bug fixes and improvements in gradients and clips.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.9.8 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2017/12/12/gimp-2-9-8-released/ |website=Gimp.org |date=12 December 2017 |access-date=4 January 2018 |archive-date=13 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213122622/https://www.gimp.org/news/2017/12/12/gimp-2-9-8-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Improvements in performance and optimization beyond bug hunting were the development targets for 2.10.0.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.10.0 Release Candidate 2 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2018/04/17/gimp-2-10-0-rc2-released/ |website=Gimp.org |date=17 April 2018 |access-date=19 April 2018 |archive-date=17 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417224553/https://www.gimp.org/news/2018/04/17/gimp-2-10-0-rc2-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref> MacOS Beta is available with Version 2.10.4.<ref>{{cite web |last=Prokoudine |first=Alexandre |date=4 July 2018 |title=GIMP 2.10.4 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2018/07/04/gimp-2-10-4-released/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=15 April 2019 |archive-date=29 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429205521/https://www.gimp.org/news/2018/07/04/gimp-2-10-4-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The first [[release candidate]] for version 3.0, RC1, was released on 6 November 2024.<ref>{{cite web |author=GIMP Team |title=GIMP 3.0 RC1 Released |date=6 November 2024 |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2024/11/06/gimp-3-0-RC1-released/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=30 November 2024 }}</ref> After several more months of development, version 3.0 was completed and released on 16 March, 2025.<ref name = gimp_3.0>{{cite web |author=GIMP Team |title=GIMP 3.0 Released |date=16 March 2025 |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2025/03/16/gimp-3-0-released/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=16 March 2025 }}</ref> This represented the completion of seven years of development to complete a major overhaul of many of GIMP's features and dependencies.

GIMP developers meet during the annual [[Libre Graphics Meeting]].<ref>{{cite book |last=James |first=Daniel |title=Crafting Digital Media: Audacity, Blender, Drupal, GIMP, Scribus, and other Open Source Tools|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m8dZdPl3fT8C&pg=PA99 |date=2011 |publisher=Apress |isbn=978-1-4302-1888-3 |page=99 }}</ref> Interaction designers from OpenUsability have also contributed to GIMP.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sanders |first1=N. |title=OpenUsability Funds Student Projects |website=Linux.com |date=25 August 2006 |url=https://www.linux.com/news/openusability-funds-student-projects/ |access-date=11 December 2020 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727172409/https://www.linux.com/news/openusability-funds-student-projects/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Distribution ==
The current version of GIMP works with numerous operating systems, including [[Linux]], [[macOS]] and [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]. Many Linux distributions, such as [[Fedora Linux]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Changes/GIMP as a Module – Fedora Project Wiki |url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/GIMP_as_a_Module |access-date=30 January 2021 |website=fedoraproject.org |archive-date=13 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213035402/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/GIMP_as_a_Module |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Debian]],<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP – Debian Wiki |url=https://wiki.debian.org/GIMP |access-date=30 January 2021 |website=wiki.debian.org |archive-date=4 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204103511/https://wiki.debian.org/GIMP |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Details of Package GIMP in Buster |url=https://packages.debian.org/buster/gimp |access-date=30 January 2021 |website=Packages.Debian.org |archive-date=11 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111201205/https://packages.debian.org/buster/gimp |url-status=live }}</ref> include GIMP as a part of their desktop operating systems.

GIMP began to host its own downloads after discontinuing use of [[SourceForge]] in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sharwood |first=Simon |date=8 November 2013 |title=GIMP Flees SourceForge over Dodgy Ads and Installer |website=The Register |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/11/08/gimp_dumps_sourceforge_over_dodgy_ads_and_installer/ |access-date=21 November 2013 |archive-date=11 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111152550/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/11/08/gimp_dumps_sourceforge_over_dodgy_ads_and_installer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The website later repossessed GIMP's dormant account and hosted advertising-laden versions of GIMP for Windows.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Sean |date=27 May 2015 |title=SourceForge Grabs GIMP for Windows' Account, Wraps Installer in Bundle-Pushing Adware [Updated] |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/05/sourceforge-grabs-gimp-for-windows-account-wraps-installer-in-bundle-pushing-adware/ |website=[[Ars Technica]] |access-date=12 April 2023 |archive-date=5 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505131345/http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/05/sourceforge-grabs-gimp-for-windows-account-wraps-installer-in-bundle-pushing-adware/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2022, GIMP was published on the [[Microsoft Store]] for Windows.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilber |date=18 June 2022 |title=GIMP 2.10.32 is on the Microsoft Store! |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2022/06/18/gimp-2-10-32-on-microsoft-store/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=28 April 2024 }}</ref>

== Features ==
{{Further|Comparison of raster graphics editors}}
[[File:Cycle of gradients brushes pratterns in gimp-2.8.gif|thumb|Animation Showing Brushes, Patterns, Gradients Created in GIMP]]Tools used to perform image editing can be accessed via the toolbox, through menus and dialogue windows. They include filters and brushes, as well as transformation, selection, [[Layers (digital image editing)|layer]] and masking tools. GIMP's developers have asserted that it has, or at least aspire to it having, similar functionality to Photoshop, but has a different user interface.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP Developers Conference 2006 |url=http://developer.gimp.org/gimpcon/2006/index.html#vision |date=2006 |publisher=The GIMP Project |website=Developer.Gimp.org |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=3 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303082402/http://developer.gimp.org/gimpcon/2006/index.html#vision }}</ref>

=== Color ===
There are several ways of selecting colors, including palettes, color choosers and using an eyedropper tool to select a color on the canvas. The built-in color choosers include [[RGB color model|RGB]]/[[HSL and HSV|HSV]]/[[CIELAB color space|LAB]]/[[HCL color space|LCH]] selector or scales, water-color selector, [[CMYK color model|CMYK]] selector and a color-wheel selector. Colors can also be selected using hexadecimal color codes, as used in HTML color selection. GIMP has native support for indexed color and [[RGB color model|RGB]] color spaces; other color spaces are supported using decomposition, where each channel of the new color space becomes a black-and-white image. CMYK, [[Lab color space|LAB]] and [[HSL and HSV|HSV]] ([[hue]], [[Colorfulness|saturation]], [[Lightness|value]]) are supported this way.<ref>{{cite web |title=Separate+ |url=http://cue.yellowmagic.info/softwares/separate.html |last=Yamakawa |first=Yoshinori |date=6 January 2007 |website=Cue.YellowMagic.info |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070107080439/http://cue.yellowmagic.info/softwares/separate.html |archive-date=7 January 2007 |access-date=2 July 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Decompose |url=http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/plug-in-decompose-registered.html |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=24 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224115305/http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/plug-in-decompose-registered.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Color blending can be achieved using the Blend tool, by applying a [[Image gradient|gradient]] to the surface of an image and using GIMP's color modes. Gradients are also integrated into tools such as the brush tool, when the user paints this way the output color slowly changes. There are a number of default gradients included with GIMP; a user can also create custom gradients with tools provided. Gradient plug-ins are also available.

=== Selections and paths ===
GIMP [[selection (user interface)|selection]] tools include a rectangular and circular selection tool, free select tool, and fuzzy select tool (also known as magic wand). More advanced selection tools include the select by color tool for selecting contiguous regions of color—and the scissors select tool, which creates selections semi-automatically between areas of highly contrasting colors. GIMP also supports a quick mask mode where a user can use a brush to paint the area of a selection. Visibly this looks like a red colored overlay being added or removed. The foreground select tool is an implementation of [[Simple interactive object extraction]] (SIOX), a method used to perform the extraction of foreground elements, such as a person or a tree in focus. The Paths Tool allows a user to create vectors (also known as [[Bézier curve]]s). Users can use paths to create complex selections, including around natural curves. They can paint (or "stroke") the paths with brushes, patterns, or various line styles. Users can name and save paths for reuse.

=== Image editing ===
There are many tools that can be used for editing images in GIMP. The more common tools include a paint brush, pencil, airbrush, eraser and ink tools used to create new or blended pixels. The Bucket Fill tool can be used to fill a selection with a color or pattern. The Blend tool can be used to fill a selection with a color gradient. These color transitions can be applied to large regions or smaller custom path selections.

GIMP also provides "smart" tools that use a more complex algorithm to do things that otherwise would be time-consuming or impossible. These include:
* Clone tool, which copies pixels using a brush
* Healing brush, which copies pixels from an area and corrects tone and color
* Perspective clone tool, which works like the clone tool but corrects for distance changes
* Blur and sharpen tools
* The Smudge tool can be used to subtly smear a selection where it stands
* Dodge and burn tool is a brush that makes target pixels lighter (dodges) or darker (burns)

[[File:Cycle of layers channels paths in gimp-2.8.gif|thumb|Animation showing three docked and tabbed dialogs: layers, channels, and paths]]

=== Layers, layer masks and channels ===
An image being edited in GIMP can consist of many [[Layers (digital image editing)|layers]] in a stack. The user manual suggests that "A good way to visualize a GIMP image is as a stack of transparencies," where in GIMP terminology, each level (analogous to a transparency) is called a layer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Introduction to layers |url=http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/gimp-image-combining.html#gimp-concepts-layers |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007071617/http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/gimp-image-combining.html#gimp-concepts-layers |url-status=live }}</ref> Each layer in an image is made up of several channels. In an [[RGB color model|RGB]] image, there are normally 3 or 4 channels, each consisting of a red, green and blue channel. Color sublayers look like slightly different gray images, but when put together they make a complete image. The fourth channel that may be part of a layer is the [[Alpha compositing|alpha channel]] (or layer mask). This channel measures opacity where a whole or part of an image can be completely visible, partially visible or invisible. Each layer has a layer mode that can be set to change the colors in the image.<ref>{{cite web |title=Layer Modes |url=http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/gimp-image-combining.html#gimp-concepts-layers |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007071617/http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/gimp-image-combining.html#gimp-concepts-layers |url-status=live }}</ref>

Text layers can be created using the text tool, allowing a user to write on an image. Text layers can be transformed in several ways, such as converting them to a path or selection.<ref>{{cite web |title=Paths and Text |url=http://docs.gimp.org/ca/gimp-concepts-layer-modes.html |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=16 February 2014 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222133214/http://docs.gimp.org/ca/gimp-concepts-layer-modes.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Text and Fonts |url=http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/gimp-concepts-text.html |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=5 July 2009 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007202529/http://docs.gimp.org/2.6/en/gimp-concepts-text.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Droste Daisy.jpg|thumb|[[Droste effect]] using Mathmap plug-in]]

=== Automation, scripts and plug-ins ===
GIMP has approximately 150 standard effects and filters, including Drop Shadow, Blur, Motion Blur and Noise.

GIMP operations can be automated with [[scripting language]]s. The Script-Fu is a [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]]-based language implemented using a [[TinyScheme]] interpreter built into GIMP.<ref>{{cite web |title=Using Script-Fu Scripts |url=http://docs.gimp.org/2.8/en/gimp-concepts-script-fu.html |website=Docs.Gimp.org |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-date=7 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607075758/http://docs.gimp.org/2.8/en/gimp-concepts-script-fu.html |url-status=live }}</ref> GIMP can also be scripted in [[Perl]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Perl |url=http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Basic_Perl/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-date=27 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527220212/http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Basic_Perl/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP Perl source |url=https://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp-perl |website=GNOME git repository |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-date=23 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223004855/https://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp-perl/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (Python-Fu),<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP Python Documentation |url=http://www.gimp.org/docs/python/ |website=Gimp.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140615063302/http://www.gimp.org/docs/python/ |archive-date=15 June 2014 |access-date=26 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP Python source |url=https://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp/tree/plug-ins/pygimp/plug-ins |website=GNOME git repository |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-date=7 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807023959/http://git.gnome.org/browse/gimp/tree/plug-ins/pygimp/plug-ins |url-status=live }}</ref> or [[Tcl]], using interpreters external to GIMP.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gimp Client |url=http://wiki.tcl.tk/11232 |website=wiki.tcl.tk website |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-date=27 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212750/http://wiki.tcl.tk/11232 |url-status=live }}</ref> New features can be added to GIMP not only by changing program code (GIMP core), but also by creating plug-ins. These are external programs that are executed and controlled by the main GIMP program.<ref>{{cite web |title=Plug-In Development |url=http://developer.gimp.org/plug-ins.html |website=Developer.Gimp.org |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-date=15 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140615033820/http://developer.gimp.org/plug-ins.html }}</ref><ref>{{Cite CiteSeerX |date=4 December 2006 |first1=Earl |last1=Oliver |first2=Jaime |last2=Ruiz |first3=Steven |last3=She |first4=Jun |last4=Wang |title=The Software Architecture of the GIMP |citeseerx=10.1.1.84.7715 }}</ref> MathMap is an example of a plug-in written in [[C (programming language)|C]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=MathMap |url=https://github.com/schani/mathmap |website=Github |publisher=Github |access-date=30 May 2025}}</ref>

There is support for several methods of sharpening and blurring images, including the blur and sharpen tool. The [[Unsharp masking#Digital unsharp masking|unsharp mask]] tool is used to sharpen an image selectively&nbsp;– it sharpens only those areas of an image that are sufficiently detailed. The Unsharp Mask tool is considered to give more targeted results for photographs than a normal sharpening filter.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sharpening – Unsharp Mask |url=http://www.scantips.com/simple6.html |website=ScanTips.com |access-date=8 August 2009 |archive-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005054153/http://www.scantips.com/simple6.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Unsharp Mask |url=http://manual.gimp.org/en/plug-in-unsharp-mask.html |website=GIMP manual |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060502225017/http://manual.gimp.org/en/plug-in-unsharp-mask.html |archive-date=2 May 2006 |access-date=8 August 2009 }}</ref> The Selective Gaussian Blur tool works in a similar way, except it blurs areas of an image with little detail.

GIMP-ML is an extension for machine learning with 15 filters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/kritiksoman/GIMP-ML |title=kritiksoman/GIMP-ML |date=14 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |via=GitHub |archive-date=8 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508164721/https://github.com/kritiksoman/gimp-ml |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== GEGL ===
The ''[[GEGL|Generic Graphics Library]]'' (''GEGL'') was first introduced in GIMP 2.6 to improve how the software processes images.  Initially GIMP used GEGL for high bit-depth colour operations, helping reduce data loss when adjusting colours.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 2.6 Release Notes |url=http://gimp.org/release-notes/gimp-2.6.html |website=Gimp.org |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007191623/http://www.gimp.org/release-notes/gimp-2.6.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

GIMP 2.8 was limited to 8-bit color, which is much lower than the 12-bit or higher depth that most digital cameras produce. GIMP 2.10 introduced full support for high bit-depth color, and hardware acceleration was enabled through OpenCL for some tasks.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hacking:Porting Filters to GEGL |publisher=The GIMP Project |url=http://wiki.gimp.org/wiki/Hacking:Porting_filters_to_GEGL |website=Wiki.Gimp.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205071048/http://wiki.gimp.org/wiki/Hacking:Porting_filters_to_GEGL |archive-date=5 February 2022 |access-date=12 April 2023 }}</ref>

GIMP 3.0 introduces non-destructive filters, allowing users to apply effects without permanently changing the original image. This means they can be edited, toggled on or off, or removed after being applied. Third-party filters are also supported, though they will not be retained if the necessary plugins are missing.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP 3.0 Release Notes |url=https://www.gimp.org/release-notes/gimp-3.0.html#non-destructive-layer-effects |website=GIMP |publisher=GIMP Development Team |date=16 March 2025 |access-date=18 March 2025}}</ref>

=== CTX ===
CTX is a [[Rasterisation|rasterizer]] for vector graphics introduced in GIMP 3.0.  It allows certain simple shapes, such as lines and circles, to be converted into vector objects.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021 Annual Report |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2021/12/31/gimp-2021-annual-report/ |date=31 December 2021 |website=Gimp.org |access-date=15 February 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124161618/https://www.gimp.org/news/2021/12/31/gimp-2021-annual-report/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ctx.graphics/ |title=ctx – 2d vector graphics stack |website=Ctx.graphics |access-date=15 February 2022 |archive-date=13 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213002019/https://ctx.graphics/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== File formats ===
GIMP supports importing and exporting with a large number of different [[file format]]s.<ref>{{cite web |title=File formats supported by the GIMP |url=http://www.gimphelp.org/formats.shtml |date=2007 |website=GimpHelp.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830034326/http://www.gimphelp.org/formats.shtml |archive-date=30 August 2009 |access-date=2 July 2009 }}</ref> GIMP's native format [[XCF (file format)|XCF]] is designed to store all information GIMP can contain about an image; XCF is named after the e''X''perimental ''C''omputing ''F''acility where GIMP was authored. Import and export capability can be extended to additional file formats by means of plug-ins. XCF file size is extended to more than 4&nbsp;GB since 2.9.6 and new stable tree 2.10.x.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:12%;" | &nbsp;
! File formats
|-
! Import and export
| GIMP has import and export support for image formats such as [[BMP file format|BMP]], [[JPEG]], [[PNG]], [[GIF]], [[TIFF]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GIMP - Feature Overview |url=https://www.gimp.org/features/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=25 April 2024 }}</ref> and [[High Efficiency Image File Format|HEIF]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilber |date=7 October 2020 |title=GIMP - GIMP 2.10.22 Released |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2020/10/07/gimp-2-10-22-released/ |website=Gimp.org |access-date=25 April 2024 }}</ref> along with the file formats of several other applications such as [[Autodesk]] flic animations, Corel [[PaintShop Pro]] images, and Adobe Photoshop documents. Other formats with read/write support include [[PostScript]] documents, [[X Window System|X]] bitmap image, [[xwd]], and Zsoft [[PCX]]. GIMP can also read and write path information from [[SVG]] files and read/write [[ICO (file format)|ICO]] Windows icon files.
|-
! Import only
| GIMP can import Adobe [[PDF]] documents and the [[raw image format]]s used by many [[digital camera]]s, but cannot save to these formats. An open source plug-in, [[UFRaw]] (or community supported fork nUFRAW), adds full raw compatibility, and has been noted several times for being updated for new camera models more quickly than Adobe's UFRaw support.
|-
! Export only
| GIMP can export to [[Multiple-image Network Graphics|MNG]] layered image files (Linux version only) and [[HTML]] (as a table with colored cells), [[C (programming language)|C]] source code files (as an array) and [[ASCII art]] (using a plug-in to represent images with characters and punctuation making up images), though it cannot read these formats.
|}

== Professional reviews ==
[[Lifewire]] reviewed GIMP favorably in March 2019, writing that "[f]or those who have never experienced Photoshop, GIMP is simply a very powerful image manipulation program," and "[i]f you're willing to invest some time learning it, it can be a very good graphics tool."<ref>{{cite web |last=Chastain |first=Sue |url=https://www.lifewire.com/the-gimp-review-1701606 |title=GIMP Free, Open-Source, Multi-Platform Image Editor Review |date=2 December 2019 |website=LifeWire.com |access-date=15 April 2019 |archive-date=15 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415074821/https://www.lifewire.com/the-gimp-review-1701606 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Versions ==

{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed sticky-header"
|-
! Version
! Latest version
! Initial release
! Significant changes and notes
|-
! {{Version |o |1.0}}
| 1.0.3
| class="nowrap"| 1998-06-05
| Initial stable version. Switch from Motif to GTK+ 1.x. Support for image layers. Introduction of the [[XCF (file format)|XCF]] file format. New memory manager with disk caching of tiles to support large images. New plug-in/extension API and introduction of the Procedural Database (PDB). Introduction of Script-Fu.
|-
! {{Version |o |1.2}}
| 1.2.5
| class="nowrap"| 2000-12-25
| Improvements to the user interface
|-
! {{Version |o |2.0}}
| 2.0.6
| 2004-03-23
| Switch to GTK+ 2.x graphical toolkit. Introduction of tabs and docks system, improvements to Script-Fu scripting, text re-editing, CMYK color support.
|-
! {{Version |o |2.2}}
| 2.2.17
| 2004-12-19
| Plugin support, keyboard shortcut editor, previews for transform tools. New GIMP hardware controllers support. Improvements to [[drag and drop]] and [[copy and paste]] to other applications. The last major version to support Windows 98/Me.
|-
! {{Version |o |2.4}}
| 2.4.7
| 2007-10-24
| Color management support, scalable brushes, new and rewritten selection tools and crop tools. Many user interface changes including full screen editing and a new icon theme. Increased file format support. Improved printing quality. Improved interface for external device input.
|-
! {{Version |o |2.6}}
| 2.6.12
| 2008-10-01
|Partial implementation of [[GEGL]], and first iteration of UI re-design.
The last major version to support Windows 2000.
|-
! {{Version |o |2.8}}
| 2.8.22
| 2012-05-03
| Single-window mode. Multi-column dock windows. Other UI improvements. Save/Export separation. Layer groups. Tools drawn with Cairo. On canvas text editing. Simple math in size entries. Various improvements.
The last major version to support Windows XP and Vista.
|-
! rowspan="10" {{Version |o |2.10}}
| 2.9.2
| 2018-04-27
| GEGL port. New and improved tools. File format support improvements. Better color management. Layers blending improvements. Metadata improvements. Improved UI with new themes. On-canvas gradient editing. Wayland support on Linux. Support for new image format's (OpenEXR, RGBE, WebP, HGT). Basic HiDPI support.
|-
| 2.10.4
| 2018-07-04
| Simple horizon straightening. Asynchronous fonts loading.
|-
| 2.10.6
| 2018-08-19
| Vertical text layer. New filters.
|-
| 2.10.10
| 2019-04-07
| Line art detection.
|-
| 2.10.18
| 2020-02-24
| New 3D transform tool.
|-
| 2.10.24
| 2021-03-29
| File format improvements (HEIF, PSP, TIFF, JPEG, PNG, PDF, DDS, BMP, PSD). "Negative Darkroom" for negatives.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=search&q=GIMP+2.10 |title=GIMP 2.10 |access-date=17 June 2022 |archive-date=17 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617185437/https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=search&q=GIMP+2.10 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Re-added support Windows Vista.
|-
| 2.10.32
| 2022-06-14
| Features backported from 2.99.8, like TIFF support improvements and JPEG XL support.
|-
| 2.10.34
| 2023-02-27
| Features backported from 2.99.14. File format improvements. Template selector in Canvas Size dialog backported from 2.99.6. Improved color-picking. Various macOS improvements. GEGL and babl improvements. Experimental ARM builds for Windows.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gimp.org/news/2023/08/13/experimental-windows-arm-installer |title=GIMP now on Windows for ARM (experimental) |website=GIMP.org |date=13 August 2023 |access-date=22 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
| 2.10.36
| 2023-11-05
| Support for ASE and ACB palettes. FG to transparent transition. Better image ratio support for GIFs. Various bugfixes and other enhancements.
The last major version to support Windows Vista, 7, 8 and 8.1.
|-
| 2.10.38
| 2024-05-05
| Features backported from 2.99.x. Improved support for Windows tablets.
|-
! {{Version |c |3.0}}
| 3.0.2
| 2025-03-16 <ref name="gimp_3.0" />
| Complete port from unmaintained old GTK+ 2.x to maintained GTK+ 3, non-destructive editing, better [[HiDPI]] and [[Wacom]] support, [[Wayland (protocol)|Wayland]] support on Linux, multiple layer selection support, extensions in Python 3, JavaScript, Lua and Vala. XCF saving of native GIMP data improvements.
|-
! {{Version |p |3.2}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{TBA}}
| key objectives: non-destructive filters, animation and multi page support, macros with script recording, extensions, space invasion, canvas and tools.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://developer.gimp.org/core/roadmap/ |title=GIMP Developer – Roadmaps |website=Developer.Gimp.org |access-date=4 March 2023 |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307004935/https://developer.gimp.org/core/roadmap/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://gimp.org/docs/userfaq.html#when-will-gimp-support-any-kind-of-non-destructive-editing-like-adjustment-layers-layer-filters-andor-full-blown-node-based-editing |title=Frequently Asked Questions |website=Gimp.org |access-date=15 June 2022 |archive-date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603174249/https://www.gimp.org/docs/userfaq.html#when-will-gimp-support-any-kind-of-non-destructive-editing-like-adjustment-layers-layer-filters-andor-full-blown-node-based-editing |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/issues?milestone_title=Future |title=Issues · GNOME / GIMP |website=GitLab |access-date=8 June 2021 |archive-date=8 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608113325/https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/issues?milestone_title=Future |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| colspan="4" | {{Version|l|show=111111}}
|}

== Forks and derivatives ==
Because of the [[Free and open-source software|free and open-source]] nature of GIMP, several [[fork (software development)|forks]], variants and derivatives of the computer program have been created to fit the needs of their creators. While GIMP is [[cross-platform]], variants of GIMP may not be. These variants are neither hosted nor linked on the GIMP site. The GIMP site does not host GIMP builds for Windows or Unix-like operating systems either, although it does include a link to a Windows build.

=== Forks ===
* [[CinePaint]], formerly Film Gimp, is a fork of GIMP version 1.0.4, used for frame-by-frame retouching of feature films. CinePaint supports up to 32-bit IEEE-floating point [[color depth]] per channel, as well as [[color management]] and [[High-dynamic-range imaging|HDR]]. CinePaint is used primarily within the [[film industry]] due mainly to its support of high-fidelity image formats. It is available for [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]], Linux, and macOS.
* GIMP classic is a patch against GIMP v2.6.8 source code created to undo changes made to the user interface in GIMP v2.4 through v2.6.<ref>{{cite web |title=gimp-classic |url=http://sourceforge.net/projects/gimp-classic/ |last=Hartshorn |first=Peter |website=SourceForge.net |publisher=Dice |access-date=21 December 2013 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004232549/http://sourceforge.net/projects/gimp-classic/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A build of GIMP classic for Ubuntu is available.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP-classic |url=https://launchpad.net/~amr/+archive/gimp-classic |last=Robinson |first=Alastair M. |website=launchpad.net |publisher=Canonical |access-date=23 March 2010 |archive-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005021959/https://launchpad.net/~amr/+archive/gimp-classic |url-status=live }}</ref> As of March 2011, a new patch could be downloaded that patches against the experimental GIMP v2.7.
* GIMP Portable is a [[portable application|portable]] version of GIMP for Microsoft Windows XP or later that preserves brushes and presets between computers.<ref>{{cite web |title=GIMP Portable |url=http://portableapps.com/apps/graphics_pictures/gimp_portable |last=Haller |first=John T. |date=22 March 2009 |website=PortableApps.Com |publisher=Rare Ideas |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=8 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308164256/http://portableapps.com/apps/graphics_pictures/gimp_portable |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[GIMPshop]] was a derivative of GIMP that aimed to replicate [[Adobe Photoshop]] in some form.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 September 2009 |title=Gimp, GimpShop and GimpPhoto |website=InstantFundas.com |url=https://www.instantfundas.com/2009/09/gimp-gimpshop-and-gimpphoto.html |access-date=1 September 2021 |archive-date=1 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901092939/https://www.instantfundas.com/2009/09/gimp-gimpshop-and-gimpphoto.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Development of GIMPshop was halted in 2006. The lead developer, Scott Moschella, abandoned the project after somebody registered the domain name "gimpshop.com" and claimed to be an official site taking donations, despite having no affiliation with Moschella.
* [[GimPhoto]] is a fork that features a Photoshop-esque UI, similar to GIMPshop. Further modifications are possible with the GimPad tool. GimPhoto stands at version 24.1 for Linux and Windows (based on GIMP v2.4.3) and version 26.1 on macOS<ref>{{cite web |title=Gimphoto 26.1 – Wakatobi for OSX released |url=http://www.gimphoto.com/2011/08/gimphoto-261-for-osx-released-wakatobi.html |website=GIMPhoto.com |access-date=31 July 2017 |archive-date=31 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731230139/http://www.gimphoto.com/2011/08/gimphoto-261-for-osx-released-wakatobi.html |url-status=live }}</ref> (based on GIMP v2.6.8). Installers are included for Windows 7, 8.1, and 10; macOS 10.6+; Ubuntu 14 and Fedora; as well as source code. Only one developer is at work in this project, and as a result, fast updates are rare and there are no plans to update it to GIMP 2.8.x or above.
* McGimp was an independent port for macOS that aimed to run GIMP directly on this platform, and integrated multiple plug-ins intended to optimize photos.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.partha.com/ |title=GIMP/McGimp 2.10 Final Release |website=Partha.com |publisher=Partha's Place |access-date=2 June 2018 |archive-date=16 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516041335/https://www.partha.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Seashore (software)|Seashore]] is a port for macOS, which aims to have a simpler UI based on [[Cocoa (API)|Cocoa]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet Seashore, Free Image Editor for macOS with GIMP Roots |url=https://librearts.org/2019/01/meet-seashore-free-image-editor-for-macos/ |last1=Prokoudine |first1=Alexandre |last2=Engels |first2=Robert |website=librearts.org |date=17 January 2019 |access-date=6 January 2025 }}</ref>
* Glimpse is a discontinued<ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.itsfoss.com/glimpse-gimp-fork-archived | title=GIMP's 'Woke' Fork Glimpse is Getting Discontinued | date=27 May 2021 }}</ref> fork of GIMP, started due to complaints over the word [[wikt:gimp|"gimp"]] being derogatory towards [[Disability|disabled people]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://itsfoss.com/gimp-fork-glimpse | title=Someone Forked GIMP into Glimpse Because Gimp is an Offensive Word | date=27 August 2019 }}</ref>

== Extensions ==
[[File:BurningFlame0.gif|thumb|An [[GIF#Animated GIF|animated GIF]] generated by GAP plugin]]

GIMP's functionality can be extended with plugins. Notable ones include:
* GIMP-ML, which provides [[machine learning]]-based image enhancement.<ref>{{Cite arXiv |eprint=2004.13060 |class=cs.CV |first=Kritik |last=Soman |title=GIMP-ML: Python Plugins for using Computer Vision Models in GIMP |date=27 April 2020 }}</ref> GIMP-ML with python 3 is next target in development.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/kritiksoman/GIMP-ML |title=GitHub – kritiksoman/GIMP-ML at GIMP3-ML |website=GitHub |access-date=15 February 2022 |archive-date=13 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213193827/https://github.com/kritiksoman/GIMP-ML |url-status=live }}</ref>
* GIMP Animation Package (GAP), official plugin for creating animations. GAP can save animations in several formats, including [[GIF]] and [[Audio Video Interleave|AVI]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Advanced Animations Tutorial |url=http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Advanced_Animations/ |last=Steiner |first=Jakub |website=GIMP user manual |access-date=2 July 2009 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004225002/http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Advanced_Animations/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Resynthesizer, which provides content-aware fill. Original part of Paul Harrison's PhD thesis,<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Harrison |first=Paul |title=Image Texture Tools |degree=PhD |url=http://www.logarithmic.net/pfh/thesis |place=Monash University |date=2005 |access-date=2 January 2017 |archive-date=15 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115100140/http://www.logarithmic.net/pfh/thesis |url-status=live }}</ref> now maintained by Lloyd Konneker.<ref>{{cite web |title=bootchk/resynthesizer |url=https://github.com/bootchk/resynthesizer/ |website=GitHub |access-date=2 January 2017 |archive-date=25 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225174349/https://github.com/bootchk/resynthesizer |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[G'MIC]], which adds image filters and effects.<ref>{{cite web |title=G'MIC: An Incredibly Powerful Filtering System for GIMP |url=http://www.techrepublic.com/article/gmic-is-an-incredibly-powerful-filtering-system-for-gimp/ |last=Wallen |first=Jack |website=TechRepublic |date=20 November 2014 |access-date=20 November 2014 |archive-date=24 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141124143505/http://www.techrepublic.com/article/gmic-is-an-incredibly-powerful-filtering-system-for-gimp/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}
* [[Libre Graphics Meeting]]
* [[List of computing mascots]]
* [[Comparison of raster graphics editors]]
* [[List of free and open-source software packages]]
* [[List of 2D graphics software]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book |last=Montabone |first=Sebastian |date=2010 |title=Beginning Digital Image Processing: Using Free Tools for Photographers |publisher=[[Apress]] |isbn=978-1-4302-2841-7 |location=[[Berkeley, California]]}}
* {{Cite book |last=Peck |first=Akkana |date=16 December 2008 |title=Beginning GIMP: From Novice to Professional |publisher=Apress |isbn=978-1-4302-1070-2 |edition=2nd |location=[[Berkeley, California]] }}
* {{Cite book |last=Bunks |first=Carey |date=15 February 2000 |url=https://archive.org/details/grokkinggimp00care |title=Grokking the GIMP |publisher=[[Peachpit|New Riders Press]] |isbn=978-0-7357-0924-9 |location=[[Indianapolis]], Indiana |access-date=21 December 2013 |url-access=registration }}
* {{Cite book |last1=Lecarme |first1=Olivier |last2=Delvare |first2=Karine |date=January 2013 |url=http://www.nostarch.com/gimp |title=The Book of GIMP |publisher=[[No Starch Press]] |isbn=978-1-59327-383-5 |location=San Francisco, California |access-date=7 March 2014 }}

== External links ==
{{Wikibooks}}
{{Commons}}
{{Wikiversity|GIMP basics}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{Openhub|gimp|GIMP}}

{{GNOME}}
{{Raster graphics editors}}
{{GNU}}
{{FOSS}}
{{Fractal software}}

{{Authority control}}

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