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GM High Feature engine
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{{Infobox automobile engine | name = GM High Feature V6 | image = Alloytec V6 (LPG) engine of a 2006-2008 Holden VE Commodore 1.jpg | caption = Alloytec LPG V6 engine in a 2006-2008 [[Holden VE Commodore]] | manufacturer = [[General Motors]] | aka = Alloytec V6 | production = 2004βpresent | predecessor = {{ubl |[[Buick V6 engine]]|[[GM 54-Degree V6 engine|54Β° V6]]|[[GM High Value engine]]|[[Northstar engine series#LX5 (Shortstar)|LX5 (Shortstar)]]}} | configuration = 60Β° [[V6 engine|V6]] | block = [[Aluminum]] | head = Aluminum | valvetrain = [[Dual overhead cam|DOHC]] [[Multi-valve#Four valves|4 valves Γ cyl.]] with [[Variable valve timing|VVT]] | fuelsystem = [[Sequential multi-port fuel injection]]<br />[[Gasoline direct injection|Direct injection]] | fueltype = [[Gasoline]], [[E85]], [[Autogas|LPG]] | oilsystem = [[Wet sump]] | coolingsystem = [[Radiator (engine cooling)|Water-cooled]] | turbocharger = [[Twin-turbo]] (in some models) Single-turbo (in the 2.8L LP9 and LAU) | compression = 9.5:1, 10.0:1, 10.2:1, 10.3:1, 11.3:1, 11.5:1, 11.7:1, 12.2:1 | displacement = {{Unbulleted list|{{convert|2792|cc|L cid|1|abbr=on}}|{{convert|2994|cc|L cid|1|abbr=on}}|{{convert|3195|cc|L cid|1|abbr=on}}|{{convert|3564|cc|L cid|1|abbr=on}}|{{convert|3649|cc|L cid|1|abbr=on}}}} | bore = {{Unbulleted list|{{convert|86|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}|{{convert|89|mm|in|abbr=on}}|{{convert|94|mm|in|abbr=on}}|{{convert|95|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}}} | stroke = {{Unbulleted list|{{convert|74.8|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}|{{convert|80.3|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}|{{convert|85.6|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}|{{convert|85.8|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}}} | redline = 6500β7200 | emissions level = [[Euro 6]] | power = {{Convert|201-464|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} | torque = {{convert|182-445|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} }} The '''GM High Feature engine''' (also known as the '''HFV6''', and including the '''3600 LY7''' and derivative '''LP1''') is a family of modern [[DOHC]] [[V6 engine]]s produced by [[General Motors]]. The series was introduced in 2004 with the [[Cadillac CTS]] and the [[Holden Commodore (VZ)]]. It is a 60Β° 24-valve design with aluminum block and heads and [[sequential multi-port fuel injection]]. Most versions feature [[Continuous variable valve timing|continuously variable cam phasing]] on both intake and exhaust valves and [[electronic throttle control]]. Other features include piston oil-jet capability, forged and [[Deep Rolling|fillet rolled]] [[crankshaft]], sinter forged [[connecting rod]]s, a [[VLIM|variable-length intake manifold]], twin knock control sensors and [[Direct Ignition#Direct ignition|coil-on-plug ignition]]. It was developed by the same international team responsible for the [[GM Ecotec engine#Ecotec|Ecotec]], including the [[Opel]] engineers responsible for the [[General Motors 54Β° V6 engine|54Β° V6]], with involvement with design and development engineering from [[Ricardo plc]].{{cn|date=January 2024}} GM's Australian auto division [[Holden]] produced a HFV6 engine under the name "[[#Holden High Feature engine|Alloytec]]." == History == The HFV6 was designed, tested, and produced in a joint program by [[Holden]] and [[Cadillac]].{{cn|date=January 2024}} A majority of designs into the new alloy construction, transmission pairing, and first use in production were all undertaken in Detroit (and manufactured in [[St. Catharines, Ontario]]). Holden was charged with developing smaller engines (Holden 3.2 LP1 and Saab 2.8 Turbo LP9) as well as their own Holden 3.6 and 3.0 HFV6 (called the [[#Holden High Feature engine|Alloytec]] V6) for local models. Cadillac and Holden both tested variations of these engines in the United States and Australia. == 2.8 == === LP1 === A {{convert|2792|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} ''LP1'' variant was introduced in the 2005 [[Cadillac CTS]]. It was also used on the Chinese 2008 CTS. It has a {{convert|89x74.8|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} bore and stroke, [[sequential multi-port fuel injection]] and a 10.0:1 compression ratio. The ''LP1'' was built in St. Catharines, Ontario. Applications: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2007β2009 | [[Buick Park Avenue#Third generation (2007β2012)|Buick Park Avenue]] (China) | {{Convert|201|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|195|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2600 rpm |- | 2005β2007 | [[Cadillac CTS#First generation (2003)|Cadillac CTS]] | {{Convert|210|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|194|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3300 rpm |- |2008-2010 | [[Cadillac CTS#Second generation (2008)|Cadillac CTS]] | {{convert|210|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|182|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3600 rpm |- | 2007β2009 | [[Cadillac STS|Cadillac SLS]] (China) | {{Convert|209|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|194|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3300 rpm |} === LP9 {{Anchor|A28NET|Z28NET|B284}} === [[File:2006 Saab 9-3 SportCombi engine.jpg|right|thumb|250px|2.8 L turbo V6 in a 2006 [[Saab 9-3]]]] ''This engine is also known as a A28NET, Z28NET, Z28NEL or B284.'' The ''LP9'' is a 2.8L [[Turbocharger|turbocharged]] version used for the [[Saab 9-3]], [[Saab 9-5]], and other GM vehicles. It has the same bore and stroke as the [[naturally aspirated]] [[#LP1|LP1]], however the compression ratio is reduced to 9.5:1. The engine is manufactured at Holden's Fishermans Bend engine factory in Port Melbourne, Australia, while GM Powertrain Sweden (formerly Saab Automobile Powertrain) is responsible for turbocharging the engine. Global versions of this engine use the same horsepower rating for both metric and imperial markets β [[Horsepower#Mechanical horsepower|mechanical horsepower]] β while the Europe-only versions are rated in [[PferdestΓ€rke|metric horsepower]]. Applications: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2005β2008 | [[Vauxhall Vectra VXR|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra]] | {{Convert|227|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm | {{Convert|330|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2005β2008 | rowspan="2" | [[Opel Signum|Opel/Vauxhall Signum]] | {{Convert|227|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm | {{Convert|330|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2006β2008 | {{Convert|247|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm | {{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2005 | rowspan="2" | [[Vauxhall Vectra VXR|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra OPC/VXR]] | {{Convert|247|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm | {{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2006β2008 | {{Convert|276|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2006β2009 | [[Cadillac BLS]] | {{Convert|247|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2006β2008 | rowspan= "2" | [[Saab 9-3#Second generation (2003β2014)|Saab 9-3 Aero]] | {{Convert|247|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2009 | {{Convert|276|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm | {{Convert|400|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2008 | [[Saab 9-3#Second generation (2003β2014)|Saab 9-3 Turbo X]] | {{Convert|276|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|400|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2008 | rowspan= "2" | [[Saab 9-3#Second generation (2003β2014)|Saab 9-3 Aero Convertible]] | {{Convert|252|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |- | 2009 | {{Convert|276|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm | {{Convert|370|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900-4500 rpm |} === LAU === The ''LAU'' is GM's new code for the LP9 Turbo engine, its usage starting with the 2010 Cadillac SRX.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.media.gm.com/ca/gm/en/products/VehiclesEng/e10SRX_PG.htm |title=GM Media Online: GM Canada English |publisher=Archives.media.gm.com |access-date=2010-11-06}}</ref> In 2011, production of the Cadillac SRX with the LAU engine ceased, but the engine remained in use in the [[Saab 9-4X]] until 2012, when production of that model came to an end.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gminsidenews.com/forums/f70/cadillac-srx-turbo-model-axed-98930/ |title=Cadillac SRX Turbo Model Axed |publisher=GM Inside News |access-date=2011-01-02}}</ref><ref name="New Saab 9-4X: Powertrain">{{cite web |url=http://archives.media.gm.com/us/saab/en/product_services/ps_cars/ps_c_9-4x/Powertrain.doc |title=New Saab 9-4X: Powertrain |publisher=Saab Media Online |access-date=2011-01-02 }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Applications: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2010β2011 | [[Cadillac SRX#Second generation (2011)|Cadillac SRX]] | {{Convert|300|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 5500 rpm | {{convert|295|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} at 2000 rpm |- | 2011β2012 | [[Saab 9-4X]] | {{Convert|300|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 5500 rpm | {{convert|295|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} at 2000 rpm |- | 2009β2013 | [[Opel Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia]] | {{Convert|256|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|350|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900β4500 rpm |- | 2009β2013 | [[Opel Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia OPC/VXR]] | {{Convert|321|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5250 rpm | {{Convert|435|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900β4500 rpm |- | 2010β2012 | [[Saab 9-5|Saab 9-5 Turbo6 XWD /Aero]] | {{Convert|296|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5500 rpm |{{Convert|400|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} @ 2000 rpm |} == 3.0 == === LF1 === The ''LF1'' is a {{convert|2994|cc|L|1|order=flip|adj=on}} version with a bore and stroke of {{convert|89x80.3|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} produced between 2010 and 2014, equipped with [[Gasoline Direct Injection|spark ignition direct injection]] (SIDI) and a 11.7:1 compression ratio. Applications: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2010 | [[Buick LaCrosse]] | {{convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|217|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5600 rpm |- | 2010β2012 | [[Buick Park Avenue]] (China) | {{convert|251|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6700 rpm | {{convert|218|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2900 rpm |- | 2010β2011 | [[Cadillac CTS]] | {{convert|270|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 7000 rpm | {{convert|223|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5700 rpm |- | 2011β2013 | [[Cadillac STS|Cadillac SLS]] (China) | {{Convert|268|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 7000 rpm | {{convert|221|ftlb|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5600 rpm |- | 2010β2011 | [[Cadillac SRX]]<ref name=SRXpress20090104>{{cite news | first=Sam | last=Abuelsamid | title=Detroit Preview: 2010 Cadillac SRX reborn | work=autoblog.com | url=http://www.autoblog.com/2009/01/04/detroit-preview-2010-cadillac-srx-reborn | date=2009-01-04 | access-date=2009-01-04}}</ref> | {{convert|265|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|223|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2010β2012 | [[Chevrolet Equinox]] | {{convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|222|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2010β2012 | [[GMC Terrain]] | {{convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|222|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2010 | [[Holden VE Commodore|Holden Commodore]] | {{convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6700 rpm | {{convert|214|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2900 rpm |- | 2011 | [[Saab 9-4X]]<ref name="New Saab 9-4X: Powertrain"/> | {{convert|265|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|223|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2011 | [[Chevrolet Captiva]] | {{convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6900 rpm | {{convert|212|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5800 rpm |- | 2012 | [[Chevrolet Malibu]] (Middle East)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://media.gm.com/media/me/en/gm/press_kits.detail.html/content/Pages/presskits/me/en/2011/Chevrolet/All_New_2013_Chevrolet_Malibu_Middle_East_Media_Launch.html |title=Press Kits |publisher=Media.gm.com |date= |accessdate=2022-03-29}}</ref> | {{convert|260|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6900 rpm | {{convert|214|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5600 rpm |} === LFW === The ''LFW'' is a flexible fuel version of the ''LF1'', capable of running on [[E85]], gasoline, or any mixture of the two. Output is identical to the LF1. Applications: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2011-2017 | [[Buick GL8]] (China only) | {{convert|254|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|214|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |- | 2011β2012 | [[Chevrolet Equinox]] | {{convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|222|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2011β2012 | [[GMC Terrain]] | {{convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|222|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2012β2013 | [[Cadillac CTS]] | {{convert|270|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 7000 rpm | {{convert|223|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5700 rpm |- | 2012β2013 | [[Opel Antara|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] | {{convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6950 rpm | {{convert|222|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5100 rpm |- | 2010β2017 | [[Holden Commodore (VE)]] and [[Holden Commodore (VF)|VF]] | {{convert|254|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|214|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |} == 3.2 {{Anchor|N32A}} == {{for|the Alfa Romeo version of the 3.2 L|Alfa Romeo JTS engine}} Holden has built its own {{convert|3195|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version of the High Feature engine in Australia produced between 2005 and 2010 with a bore and stroke of {{convert|89x85.6|mm|2|abbr=on}}. Branded with the ''Alloytec'' name like the 3.6L version, this version produces {{Convert|227|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6600 rpm and {{Convert|297|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm. It has a 10.3:1 compression ratio. Its [[Fuel economy in automobiles|fuel economy]] is {{Convert|4β6|km/L|abbr=on}} in city, and {{Convert|7β9|km/L|abbr=on}} on highway.{{citation needed|date=June 2009}}. Holden also produced the 3.2L engines that were used by [[Alfa Romeo]] as the basis of its [[JTS engine#3.2|JTS V6 engine]]. Applications: * 2006-2010 [[Daewoo Winstorm]] / Chevrolet Captiva / [[Holden Captiva]] * 2006-2010 [[Opel Antara]] / Daewoo Winstorm MaXX / [[Holden Captiva|Holden Captiva MaXX]] * 2008-2012 [[Suzuki Vitara|Suzuki Grand Vitara]] {{Clear}} == 3.6 == {{Infobox automobile engine | name = 3.6 | image = Alloytec V6 engine of a 2006 Holden VZ Commodore SVZ 01.jpg | caption = 3.6L engine in a [[Holden VZ Commodore]] | production = 2004βpresent | bore = {{convert|94|mm|2|abbr=on}} | stroke = {{convert|85.6|mm|2|abbr=on}} | displacement = {{convert|3564|cc|L|abbr=on}} | compression = 10.2:1, 11.3:1, 11.5:1 | fuelsystem = {{ubl | [[Sequential multi-port fuel injection]] | [[Gasoline direct injection|Direct injection]]}} | fueltype = [[Gasoline]], [[Autogas|Autogas (LPG)]], [[E85]] | weight = {{convert|168|kg|lb|abbr=on}} (3.6L V6 High Feature engine)<ref name="goauto.com.au">{{cite web|url=http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/2C73E371BED2D289CA256EDA000932FD|title=Holden's new Alloytec engine may chew as much fuel as the engine it replaces |access-date=2009-06-23|work=goauto.com.au}}</ref> }} === {{anchor|LY7|Suzuki|N36A}} LY7 === The {{convert|3564|cc|L cuin|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} ''LY7'' engine was developed primarily by [[Holden]] and introduced in the 2004 [[Holden Commodore (VZ)|Holden VZ Commodore]] and 2004 [[Cadillac CTS]] sedan. It has a 10.2:1 compression ratio, Sequential multi-port fuel injection, and a bore and stroke of {{convert|94x85.6|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}. Lower-powered versions only have variable cam phasing on the inlet cam (LE0). Selected models also include variable exhaust. The engine weighs {{convert|370|lb|kg|abbr=on}} as installed. This engine is produced in several locations: St. Catharines (Ontario), Flint Engine South (Michigan), Melbourne (Australia), Ramos Arizpe (Mexico), and Sagara (Japan) by Suzuki. Suzuki's engine designation is ''N36A''. The dual-fuel {{convert|235|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} ''LW2'' version was able to run on petrol and [[autogas]]. The LW2 engine was based on the low-output LE0 V6. It featured a factory-fitted dual-fuel system developed by IMPCO, different valves, and hardened titanium valve seats. This motor was available exclusively in Holden vehicles from 2005β2012. Applications:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.gm.com/ |title=GM News - United States - News |publisher=Media.gm.com |date=2010-11-01 |access-date=2010-11-06}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | style="white-space:nowrap;"| 2004β2007 | [[Buick Rendezvous]] CXL/Ultra | style="white-space:nowrap;"| {{Convert|242|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 rpm | style="white-space:nowrap;"| {{convert|232|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3500 rpm |- | 2004β2007 | [[Cadillac CTS#First generation (2003)|Cadillac CTS]] | {{Convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6200 rpm | {{convert|252|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | [[Cadillac CTS#Second generation (2008)|Cadillac CTS]] | {{Convert|263|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6200 rpm | {{convert|253|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3100 rpm |- | 2004β2009 | [[Cadillac SRX#First generation (2004)|Cadillac SRX]] | {{Convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|254|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2004β2005 | rowspan= "2" | [[Holden VZ Commodore]] | {{Convert|235|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 rpm | {{convert|236|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2006β2007 | {{Convert|231|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 rpm | {{convert|236|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2004β2006 | rowspan= "2" | [[Holden VZ Commodore#Commodore SV6|Holden VZ Commodore]] [[Holden Caprice#WL|Holden WL Statesman]], [[Holden Commodore (VZ)#Calais|VZ Calais]], [[Holden Commodore (VZ)#SV6|VZ SV6]] | {{Convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2006β2007 | {{Convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|247|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2005β2008 | [[Buick LaCrosse#First generation (2005)|Buick LaCrosse]] CXS | {{Convert|240|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 rpm | {{convert|225|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2000 rpm |- | 2005β2007 | [[Cadillac STS]] | {{Convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|252|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2006β2007 | rowspan = "2" | [[Holden VE Commodore#Commodore Omega|Holden VE Commodore]] Omega | {{Convert|240|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 rpm | {{convert|243|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2600 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | {{Convert|235|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|240|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2400 rpm |- | 2006β2009 | [[Holden WM Caprice|Holden WM Statesman/Caprice]] | {{Convert|262|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|250|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2600 rpm |- | 2007β2009 | [[Buick Park Avenue]] (China) | {{Convert|255|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 rpm | {{convert|250|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2007β2009 | [[Cadillac STS|Cadillac SLS]] (China) | {{Convert|251|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|252|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2006β2011 | [[Isuzu D-Max|Holden Rodeo/Colorado]] | {{Convert|211|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|231|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2600 rpm |- | 2007β2008 | [[GMC Acadia]] | {{Convert|275|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2007 | [[Pontiac G6]] GTP | {{Convert|252|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2007β2009 | [[Saturn Aura]] XR | {{Convert|252|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2007β2008 | [[Saturn Outlook]] XE ''single exhaust'' | {{Convert|270|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 rpm | {{convert|248|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2007β2008 | [[Saturn Outlook]] XR ''dual exhaust'' | {{Convert|275|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2008 | [[Buick Enclave]] | {{Convert|275|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2008β2012 | [[Chevrolet Malibu]] | {{Convert|252|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | [[Chevrolet Equinox]] Sport | {{Convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|250|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2300 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | [[Pontiac G6]] GXP | {{Convert|252|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|251|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3200 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | [[Pontiac G8]] | {{Convert|256|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|248|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2100 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | [[Pontiac Torrent]] GXP | {{Convert|264|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|250|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2300 rpm |- | 2008β2009 | [[Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Saturn Vue]] XR / Red Line | {{Convert|257|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|248|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2100 rpm |- | 2007β2009 | [[Suzuki XL-7]] | {{Convert|252|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|243|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2300 rpm |} === LLT === The {{convert|3564|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} ''LLT'' is a direct injected version based on the earlier LY7 engine. It was first unveiled in May 2006, and the DI version was claimed to have 15% greater power, 8% greater torque, and 3% better [[Fuel economy in automobiles|fuel economy]] than its port-injected counterpart. The ''LLT'' engine has a [[compression ratio]] of 11.3:1, and has been certified by the [[Society of Automotive Engineers|SAE]] to produce {{convert|302|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6300 rpm and {{convert|272|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 5200 rpm on regular unleaded (87 octane) gasoline. This engine debuted on the 2008 [[Cadillac STS]] and [[Cadillac CTS|CTS]].<ref name=NAIAS2008CTSEdmunds>{{cite news |first=Ed |last=Hellwig |title=Detroit Auto Show: 2008 Cadillac CTS |work=edmunds.com |url=http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Features/articleId=119071 |date=2007-01-08 |access-date=2009-01-04 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318151630/http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Features/articleId%3D119071 |archive-date=2008-03-18 }}</ref><ref name=NEX2008CTS302>{{cite news | first=Reilly | last=Brennan | title=Cadillac Ups STS Horsepower Rating To 302 | work=nextautos.com | url=http://www.nextautos.com/body-stylesmarket-segment/sedans/cadillac-ups-sts-horsepower-rating-to-302 | date=2007-05-08 | access-date=2009-01-04}}</ref> GM used an LLT in all 2009β2017 [[GM Lambda platform|Lambda]]-derived [[crossover SUV]]s to allow class-leading fuel economy in light of the new [[Corporate Average Fuel Economy]] (CAFE) standards. In these crossovers, the LLT engine produced up to {{convert|288|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|270|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/graytabcontroller.jsp?graytabtype=1&rpoid=39719&vehicleid=6650§ion=engineAxle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090223203706/http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/graytabcontroller.jsp?graytabtype=1&rpoid=39719&vehicleid=6650§ion=engineAxle |url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-02-23 |title=Engine - Power Curve |publisher=Eogld.ecomm.gm.com |access-date=2010-11-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/graytabcontroller.jsp?graytabtype=1&rpoid=36105&vehicleid=6795®ionID=1§ion=oi_def |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221093717/http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/graytabcontroller.jsp?graytabtype=1&rpoid=36105&vehicleid=6795®ionID=1§ion=oi_def |url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-02-21 |title=Engine - Power Curve |publisher=Eogld.ecomm.gm.com |access-date=2010-11-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/graytabcontroller.jsp?graytabtype=1&rpoid=40162&vehicleid=6858§ion=engineAxle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090223203432/http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/graytabcontroller.jsp?graytabtype=1&rpoid=40162&vehicleid=6858§ion=engineAxle |url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-02-23 |title=Engine - Power Curve |publisher=Eogld.ecomm.gm.com |access-date=2010-11-06 }}</ref> Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2008β2011 | [[Cadillac CTS]] | {{convert|304|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6400 rpm | {{convert|273|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |- | 2008β2011 | [[Cadillac STS]] | {{convert|302|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|272|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |- | 2009β2017 | [[Buick Enclave]] | {{convert|288|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|270|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3400 rpm |- | 2009β2017 | [[Chevrolet Traverse]] ''single exhaust'' | {{convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|266|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3400 rpm |- | 2009β2017 | [[Chevrolet Traverse]] ''dual exhaust'' | {{convert|288|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|270|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3400 rpm |- | 2009β2016 | [[GMC Acadia]] | {{convert|288|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|270|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3400 rpm |- | 2009 | [[Saturn Outlook]] ''single exhaust'' | {{convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|266|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3400 rpm |- | 2009 | [[Saturn Outlook]] ''dual exhaust'' | {{convert|288|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6300 rpm | {{convert|270|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3400 rpm |- | 2009β2011 | [[Holden WM Caprice|Daewoo Veritas]] | | |- | 2009β2011 | [[Holden VE Commodore#Commodore SV6|Holden VE Commodore]] SV6 | {{Convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6400 rpm | {{convert|258|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2900 rpm |- | 2009β2011 | [[Holden WM Caprice|Holden WM Statesman/Caprice]] | {{Convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6400 rpm | {{convert|258|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2900 rpm |- | 2010β2011 | [[Buick LaCrosse#Second generation (2010)|Buick LaCrosse CXS]] | {{convert|280|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6400 rpm | {{convert|259|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |- | 2010β2011 | [[Camaro#Fifth generation (2010β2015)|Chevrolet Camaro]] | {{convert|312|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6400 rpm | {{convert|278|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |- | 2010β2011 | [[Cadillac STS|Cadillac SLS]] (China) | {{Convert|307|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6400 rpm | {{convert|276|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm |} === LFX === The ''LFX'' is an enhanced version of the LLT engine developed jointly by [[Holden]] and [[Cadillac]]. Introduced in the MY2012 [[Holden Commodore (VE)|Holden Commodore]] SV6 and the MY2012 [[Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] LS/LT, it is {{convert|20.5|lbs}} lighter than the LLT, thanks to a redesigned cylinder head, integrated [[exhaust manifold]], and composite [[intake manifold]]. Other components like the [[timing chain]]s, [[fuel injector]]s, [[intake valve]]s, and [[Fuel pump (engine)|fuel pump]] have also been updated. They also updated the cam phasing and [[variable valve timing]] system compared to the LLT. Power and torque are up slightly from the LLT. The compression ratio is 11.5:1. The LFX also features [[E85]] flex-fuel capability. Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | 2012β2016 | [[Buick LaCrosse]] | {{convert|303|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|264|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20140202183243/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_lacrosse.jpg link] |- | 2013β2015 | [[Cadillac ATS]] | {{convert|321|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|274|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306221812/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_cadillac_ats.jpg link] |- | 2012β2014 | [[Cadillac CTS]] <br />(2014 Wagon & Coupe only) | {{convert|318|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|275|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4900 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160310145026/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_cadillac.jpg link] |- | 2012β2015 | [[Cadillac CTS]] <br />(2012 - 2013 Sedan Performance Trim only) | {{convert|321|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|275|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4900 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20170628091758/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_cadillac_cts.jpg link] |- | 2012β2016 | [[Cadillac SRX]] | {{convert|308|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|265|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2400 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160308162423/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_cadillac_srx.jpg link] |- | 2013β2019 | [[Cadillac XTS]] | {{convert|304|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|264|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160309151430/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_cadillac_2.jpg link] |- | 2012β2015 | [[Camaro#Fifth generation (2010β2015)|Chevrolet Camaro]] | {{convert|323|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|278|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160307133118/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_camaro.jpg link] |- | 2012β2017 | [[Chevrolet Caprice]] PPV | {{convert|301|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6700 rpm | {{convert|265|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160308202938/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_caprice.jpg link] |- | rowspan=2| 2015β2016 | [[Chevrolet Colorado#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Colorado]] | rowspan=2| {{convert|305|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | rowspan=2| {{convert|269|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4000 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160329143945/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts/2015R_V6(LFX)_CHECol020915.jpg link] |- | [[Chevrolet Colorado#GMC Canyon|GMC Canyon]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160225004822/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/2015R_V6(LFX)_GMCCan_020915.jpg link] |- | 2013β2017 | [[Chevrolet Equinox]] | {{convert|301|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|272|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306183720/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_equinox.jpg link] |- | 2012β2016 | [[Chevrolet Impala]]/Impala Limited | {{convert|302|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|262|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 rpm |- | 2014β2020 | [[Chevrolet Impala]] | {{convert|305|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|262|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306190604/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_impala_3.jpg link] |- | 2013β2017 | [[GMC Terrain]] | {{convert|301|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6500 rpm | {{convert|272|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160310045411/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lfx_chart_terrain.jpg link] |- | 2011β2015 | [[Holden Caprice]] | {{convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6700 rpm | {{convert|258|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2011β2013 | [[Holden Commodore]] VE II (MY 2012) | {{convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6700 rpm | {{convert|258|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2013β2017 | [[Holden Commodore]] VF | {{convert|281|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6700 rpm | {{convert|258|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |} === LWR === The ''LWR'' is dedicated LPG 3.6-liter engine. Introduced in the MY2012 [[Holden Commodore]], Based on the 3.6-litre LY7 engine, the LWR had a vapour injection system. The vapour injection system injected gas directly into the [[air intake]] runner, thereby preventing excess gas from circulating through the air intake system. Although liquid LPG injection generally produces more power, [[Holden]] justified vapour injection on the grounds of lower fuel consumption, lower {{CO2}} emissions, reduced pumping and parasitic losses, and start-up reliability in hot weather. The dedicated LPG LWR engine produced peak power and torque of {{convert|180|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6000 rpm and {{convert|320|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 2000 rpm. The LWR engine was mated to GM's six-speed [[GM 6L50 transmission|6L45]] [[automatic transmission]] and, over the combined ADR 81/02 test cycle, the Commodore Omega achieved fuel consumption of {{convert|11.8|L/100 km|abbr=on}} β an improvement of 1.6 L/100 km compared to its dual-fuel LW2 predecessor. Furthermore, the LWR engine exceeded [[European emissions standards|Euro 6 emissions standards]]. * Specially hardened valves and valve seats. * A redesigned cylinder head and manifold for improved air flow. * Variable exhaust valve timing (the LW2 engine only had variable intake valve timing) * Specially-developed fuel injectors. * New pistons with pentroof-style centre-domes and valve eyelets for a higher compression ratio of 12.2:1 (compared to 10.2:1 for the dual fuel engine). * A new fuel rail and a new LPG fuel filter. Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2012β2013 | [[Holden Commodore]] VE II (MY 2012) | {{convert|241|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on|}} @ 6000 rpm | {{convert|236|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2000 rpm |- |2013β2015 |[[Holden Commodore]] VF |{{convert|241|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on|}} @ 6000 rpm |{{convert|236|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2000 rpm |- |2012β2015 |[[Holden Caprice]] |{{convert|241|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on|}} @ 6000 rpm |{{convert|236|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2000 rpm |} === LCS === The {{convert|3564|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} ''LCS'' was derived from the direct-injected LLT for use in [[hybrid vehicle|hybrids]], using the [[Global Hybrid Cooperation|two-mode system]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/proddesc.jsp?year=2009®ionID=1&divisionID=10&type=0&vehicleID=6861§ion=engineAxle&page=5&butID=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221093723/http://eogld.ecomm.gm.com/NASApp/domestic/proddesc.jsp?year=2009®ionID=1&divisionID=10&type=0&vehicleID=6861§ion=engineAxle&page=5&butID=3 |url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-02-21 |title=Model Information - Online Ordering Guide |publisher=Eogld.ecomm.gm.com |access-date=2010-11-06 }}</ref> Differences from the LLT included a slightly lower compression ratio, 11.3:1, and lower power and torque peaks. It was to debut in the 2009 Saturn Vue Hybrid, where it would have made {{Convert|262|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6100 rpm and {{convert|250|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 4800 rpm.<ref>http://media.gm.com/us/powertrain/en/product_services/2009a/HPT%20Library/HFV6/2009%2036L%20Hybrid_SAE.pdf {{dead link|date=November 2010}}</ref> Fuel economy ratings would have been {{Convert|6β8|km/L|abbr=on}} in city, and {{Convert|9β11|km/L|abbr=on}} on highway. However, GM cancelled its plans for the Saturn Vue Hybrid. === LF3 === The 3.6L [[twin-turbo]]charged version for the 2014 Cadillac CTS and XTS was announced at the 2013 [[New York International Auto Show|NYAS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.gm.com/media/us/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2013/Mar/nyas/0318-lf3-engine.html |title=Cadillac Twin-Turbo Debuts in All-New 2014 CTS Sedan |publisher=Media.gm.com |date=2013-03-18 |accessdate=2022-03-29}}</ref> The engine is rated at {{convert|420|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} of power at 5750 rpm and {{convert|430|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 3500β4500 rpm (with 90% of torque being available at 2500β5500 rpm) and helps the CTS achieve [[0 to 60 mph|{{convert|0-60|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}]] time of 4.6 seconds with an 8-speed automatic transmission. In essence, the twin-turbo 3.6L V6 is the forced-induction variant of the popular LFX V6 found in the Cadillac ATS, XTS, and SRX, among many other GM models, with several important upgrades, including: * All-new cylinder block casting * All-new cylinder head castings * Strengthened connecting rods * [[Forged steel]] crankshaft * Continuously variable valve timing * Large {{convert|38.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} intake valves and {{convert|30.6|mm|in|abbr=on}} sodium-filled exhaust valves * Machined, domed aluminum pistons with top steel ring carrier for greater strength * 10.2:1 compression ratio * Patented, integrated charge air cooler system with low-volume air ducts * [[Twin-turbo|Twin turbo]]chargers produce more than {{convert|12|psi|kPa|abbr=on}} * Vacuum-actuated [[wastegate]]s with electronic control valves * All-new direct injection fuel system * Tuned air inlet and outlet resonators, aluminum cam covers, and other features that contribute to exceptional quietness and smoothness Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | 2014β2019 | [[Cadillac XTS]] | {{convert|404|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 rpm | {{convert|369|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 1900β5600 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160307031956/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lf3_chart_cadillacxts.jpg link] |- | 2014β2019 | [[Cadillac CTS#Third|Cadillac CTS]] | {{convert|420|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5750 rpm | {{convert|430|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3500β4500 rpm | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160308132652/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts_lg/lf3_chart_cadillaccts.jpg link] |} === LF4 === The ''LF4'' is a higher-performance variant of the LF3 for use in the [[Cadillac V-Series#ATS-V|Cadillac ATS-V]] and [[Cadillac CT4#CT4-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT4-V Blackwing]]. Changes to the LF3 include: * Turbochargers with low-inertia titanium-aluminide turbines and vacuum-actuated wastegates for more responsive torque production * Compressors matched for peak efficiency at peak power levels, for optimal track performance * Patent-pending low-volume charge-cooling system that optimizes packaging efficiency and maximizes boost pressure * To compliment the quick spooling turbochargers, lightweight titanium connecting rods that reduce inertia of the rotating assembly were used on all ATS-V models, while only manual transmission CT4-V Blackwing models featured titanium connecting rods. 10-speed automatic CT4-V Blackwing models featured steel connecting rods.<ref name="TitaniumRods">{{cite web |title=Only Some Cadillac CT4-V Blackwing Engines Have Titanium Rods |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2021/04/only-some-cadillac-ct4-v-blackwing-engines-have-titanium-rods/ |website=GM Authority |publisher=GM |date=April 2021 |access-date=30 March 2025}}</ref> * Peak boost increased to {{convert|18|psi|bar|abbr=on}}, from {{convert|12|psi|bar|abbr=on}} * Higher-flow fuel injectors * Oil pan baffling for better oil flow at high cornering speeds<ref name="2016 Cadillac ATS-V Coupe and Sedan: 455 M3-Baiting Horsepower!">{{cite web|title=2016 Cadillac ATS-V Coupe and Sedan: 455 M3-Baiting Horsepower!|url=http://www.caranddriver.com/news/2016-cadillac-ats-v-coupe-and-sedan-photos-and-info-news|website=Car & Driver|date=18 November 2014|publisher=Car & Driver|access-date=19 November 2014}}</ref> Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | 2016β2019 | [[Cadillac V-Series#ATS-V|Cadillac ATS-V]], [[Cadillac ATS-V|Cadillac ATS-V Coupe]] | {{convert|464|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5850 RPM | {{convert|445|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 3500 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20161002061131/http://gmpowertrain.com/images/product_images/engines/2016_36L_(LF4)_ATSV_052015.jpg 2016 link] |- | 2022βpresent | [[Cadillac CT4#CT4-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT4-V Blackwing]] | {{convert|472|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} | {{convert|445|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} |} ===LFR=== The ''LFR'' is a bi-fuel variant of the LFX, although multi-point fuel injection is used for both the gasoline and [[Compressed natural gas|CNG]] instead of direct-injection. Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | rowspan=2|2015β2017 | rowspan=2|[[Chevrolet Impala#Tenth generation (2014β2021)|Chevrolet Impala Bi-Fuel]] | ''CNG'' {{convert|232|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6000 RPM | ''CNG'' {{convert|218|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20161002055834/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts/2016_3p6_LFR_Implala_CNG_080814.jpg 2016 CNG link] |- | ''Gasoline'' {{convert|258|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5900 RPM | ''Gasoline'' {{convert|244|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160329145009/http://gmpowertrain.com/2014_images/charts/2015_3_6_LFR_Impala_GAS_9_15_14.jpg 2016 Gas link] |} ===LFY=== The ''LFY'' is similar to the LFX, but adds stop-start technology and has improved airflow.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gmauthority.com/blog/gm/gm-engines/lfy/|title = GM 3.6 Liter V6 LFY Engine|date = 19 April 2017}}</ref> Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque |- | 2018β2024 | [[Buick Enclave]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|266|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |- | 2018β2023 | [[Chevrolet Traverse]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 rpm | {{convert|266|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2800 rpm |} ==Fourth generation== Starting with the 2016 Cadillac models, a new generation of High Feature V6s were developed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.cadillac.com/media/us/en/cadillac/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2015/mar/0320-cadillac/0320-cadillac-36l.html|access-date=5 April 2015|title=All-New, Advanced 3.6L V-6 to Drive Cadillac CT6|date=20 March 2015}}</ref> These new engines have redesigned block architectures with bore centers increased from {{convert|103|mm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=4}} on prior HFV6 engines to {{convert|106|mm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=4}} and a redesigned cooling system to target the hottest areas while also facilitating faster warm-up. They also incorporate engine start-stop technology, cylinder-deactivation, 2-stage oil pumps, and updated variable valve timing featuring intermediate park technology for late-intake valve closure. Both engines debuted in the 2016 [[Cadillac CT6]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Cadillac Next-Gen V-6 Engines Led by 3.0L Twin Turbo|url=http://media.gm.com/media/us/en/gm/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2015/mar/0320-cadillac/0320-cadillac-twin-turbo.html|website=GM Media USA|date=20 March 2015|publisher=GM|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> === 3.0 L === ==== LGW ==== Bore and stroke of {{convert|86x85.8|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} are used, along with a 9.8:1 compression ratio and twin turbos with titanium-aluminide turbine wheels. Maximum engine speed is 6500 RPM. Premium unleaded fuel is required. Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | 2016β2019 | [[Cadillac CT6]] | {{convert|404|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5700 RPM | {{convert|400|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2500-5100 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160307164652/http://gmpowertrain.com/2016_images/charts/2016_3L_LGW_V6TTurbo_CT6.jpg dyno chart] |} ==== LGY ==== Bore and stroke of {{convert|86x85.8|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} are used, along with a 9.8:1 compression ratio and twin turbos with titanium-aluminide turbine wheels. Maximum engine speed is 6500 RPM. Premium unleaded fuel is required. Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | rowspan=2|2020βpresent | rowspan=2|[[Cadillac CT5]] | {{convert|335|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5600 RPM | {{convert|405|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2400-4400 RPM |- | ''V'': {{convert|360|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 5600 RPM | ''V'': {{convert|405|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 2400-4400 RPM |} === 3.6 L === ==== LGX ==== Along with the increased bore spacing, the new 3.6 L DI V6 has larger bores than before, growing from {{convert|94|mm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=4}} to {{convert|95|mm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=4}} with the same {{convert|85.8|mm|in|abbr=on|sigfig=4}} stroke as the 3.0L LGW, for a displacement of {{convert|3649|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}. Intake and exhaust valves are also increased in size along with other changes to the cylinder head.<ref>{{cite web|title=All-New, Advanced 3.6L V-6 to Drive Cadillac CT6|url=http://media.cadillac.com/media/us/en/cadillac/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2015/mar/0320-cadillac/0320-cadillac-36l.html|website=Cadillac Media USA|date=20 March 2015|publisher=Cadillac Media USA|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> The only part shared with the prior generation is the hydraulic lash adjusters in the valvetrain.<ref name="eward">{{cite web | url=https://www.wardsauto.com/technology/gm-powertrain-shows-love-6-pack | title=GM Powertrain Shows Love for 6-Pack | date=9 November 2015 }}</ref> The LGX was benchmarked against the 3.7L [[Nissan VQ engine#VQ37VHR|VQ37VHR]] of the 2015 Infiniti Q40.<ref name="eward"/> Compression ratio is 11.5:1 and maximum engine speed is 7200 RPM. Compared to GM's LFX/LFY 3.6 L engine, the LGX features active fuel management, [[Noise, vibration, and harshness|NVH]] enhancements and slightly more torque.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Albrecht |first1=Tom |title=Buyers Donβt Seem To Care That New Buick Enclave Uses Last-Gen Engine |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2018/09/buyers-dont-care-that-new-buick-enclave-uses-last-gen-engine/ |access-date=27 March 2024}}</ref> The LGX was on [[Ward's 10 Best Engines]] for 2016.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://wardsauto.com/engines/electrics-charge-10-best-engines-list?page=2 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151215013007/http://wardsauto.com/engines/electrics-charge-10-best-engines-list?page=2 | archive-date=2015-12-15 | title=Electrics Charge up 10 Best Engines List | Engines content from WardsAuto }}</ref> Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- ! Year(s) ! Model ! Power ! Torque ! Dyno chart |- | 2016β2019 | [[Cadillac ATS]] | {{convert|335|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|285|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20161002054236/http://gmpowertrain.com/images/product_images/engines/2016_LGX_36LV6VVT_ATS_061715.jpg 2016 link] |- | 2016β2019 | [[Cadillac CT6]] | {{convert|335|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|284|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20161002061226/http://gmpowertrain.com/images/product_images/engines/2016_LGX_36LV6VVT_CT6_062315.jpg 2016 link] |- | 2016β2019 | [[Cadillac CTS]] | {{convert|335|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|285|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20161002055113/http://gmpowertrain.com/2016_images/charts/2016_LGX_3.6LV6VVT_CTS_061715.jpg 2016 link] |- | 2016β2024 | [[Chevrolet Camaro#Sixth generation: 2016|Chevrolet Camaro]] | {{convert|335|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|284|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5300 RPM | [https://web.archive.org/web/20160210120814/http://gmpowertrain.com/images/product_images/engines/2016_LGX_36LV6VVT_CAM_061715.jpg 2016 link] |- | 2017β2019 | [[Buick LaCrosse#Third generation (2017)|Buick LaCrosse]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|282|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 RPM |- |2018β2020 | [[Buick Regal]] [[Buick Gran Sport|GS]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|282|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 RPM |- |2018β2020 | [[Holden Commodore (ZB)|Holden Commodore]] | {{convert|315|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | {{convert|281|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5200 RPM |- | 2017β2025 | [[Cadillac XT5]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 RPM | {{convert|271|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5000 RPM |- | 2017β2023 | [[GMC Acadia]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 RPM | {{convert|271|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5000 RPM |- | 2019βpresent | [[Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] | {{convert|308|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 RPM | {{convert|269|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5000 RPM |- | 2020βpresent | [[Cadillac XT6]] | {{convert|310|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6600 RPM | {{convert|271|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 5000 RPM |} ==== LGZ ==== The LGZ is a variant of the LGX designed for use in the Chevrolet Colorado and GMC Canyon.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://service.gm.com/dealerworld/vincards/pdf/2017%20Vincard%20LDT%2004-22-16%20r1.6.pdf|title=2017 GM VIN Card}}{{Dead link|date=January 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.chevrolet.com/media/us/en/chevrolet/home.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2016/aug/0826-colorado.html |title=Chevrolet Colorado Resets the Bar for Midsize Segment |publisher=Media.chevrolet.com |date=2016-08-26 |accessdate=2022-03-29}}</ref> Applications: {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |- !Year(s) !Model !Power !Torque |- | rowspan="2" |2017β2022 |[[GMC Canyon]] | rowspan="2" | {{convert|308|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} @ 6800 RPM | rowspan="2" | {{convert|275|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} @ 4000 RPM |- |[[Chevrolet Colorado]] |} == 7.2L V12 == On March 21, 2007, ''[[AutoWeek]]'' reported that GM was planning to develop a 60-degree [[V12 engine|V12]] based on this engine family to power the top version of Cadillac's upcoming flagship sedan. This Cadillac would essentially have had two 3.6L High Feature V6s attached crankshaft-to-crankshaft and would have featured high-end technologies including [[Direct fuel injection|direct injection]] and [[cylinder deactivation]]. If this engine were developed, it would have displaced 7.2 liters, and produced approximately {{Convert|600|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|540|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque. Development of the engine was reportedly being conducted in Australia by Holden, with a potential HSV or Statesman application.<ref name=AutoweekPR20070321>{{cite press release | title = AutoWeek Breaks Major Cadillac News in March 26 Issue | publisher = prnewswire.com | date= 2007-03-21 | url = http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/03-21-2007/0004550743&EDATE= | access-date=2009-01-04}}</ref> In August 2008, GM announced that development of the V12 had been cancelled.<ref name=autospies20080821>{{cite news | title=Cadillac cancels plans for V12 XLKS flagship sedan | work=autospies.com | url=http://www.autospies.com/news/Cadillac-cancels-plans-for-V12-XLKS-flagship-sedan-33871 | date=2008-08-21 | access-date=2009-01-04}}</ref> ==Timing chain issues== Earlier production 2.8L, 3.0L, 3.2L, and 3.6L engines with the three chain design suffered from premature timing chain failures because of a faulty PCV system and extended oil change intervals. Most of the problems occurred on pre-LFX engines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motor.com/magazine-summary/gm-3-6l-engine-problems-eye-electronics-november-2013|title = MOTOR}}</ref> ==Holden High Feature engine== {{unreferenced section|date=March 2023}} [[Holden]] sold a HFV6 engine under the name '''Alloytec'''. The High Feature moniker on the Holden produced engine is reserved for the twin cam phasing high output version. The block was designed to be expandable from 2.8 L to 4.0 L. High Feature V6 engines were previously produced in Fishermans Bend, [[Port Melbourne]], [[Australia]], and remain in production at the following four manufacturing locations: [[St. Catharines Engine Plant]], [[St. Catharines]], [[Canada]]; [[Flint Engine South]] in [[Flint, Michigan]], [[United States]]; [[Romulus Engine|Romulus Engine Plant]] in [[Romulus, Michigan]]; and [[Ramos Arizpe Assembly|Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico]]. The assembly lines for the St. Catharines and Flint facilities were manufactured by Hirata Corporation at its powertrain facility in [[Kumamoto, Japan]]. Most of the designs of this motor happened in Flint. They were first produced for the Cadillac range.{{cn|date=March 2023}} The engine block and cylinder heads are cast at [[Defiance Foundry]] in [[Defiance, Ohio]]. == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{commons cat}} * [http://www.autospeed.com/cms/A_2264/article.html Technical article from ''AutoSpeed''] * [http://subscribers.wardsauto.com/ar/new_gm_engine/ GM Unveils New Direct Injection V-6] - Ward's Auto World * [http://www.webwombat.com.au/motoring/news_reports/gmengine.htm WebWombat article] * http://www.gminsidenews.com/index.php?page=Engine_Guide * http://www.chevrolet.com/impala-4-door-sedan.html * https://web.archive.org/web/20140109174626/http://www.chevrolet.com/2013-traverse-crossover-suv.html {{GM late engine timeline}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gm High Feature Engine}} [[Category:General Motors engines|High Feature]] [[Category:V6 engines]] [[Category:Gasoline engines by model]]
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