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Geleen
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{{Infobox settlement | name = Geleen | image_skyline = Krawinkel, Rijksweg Zuid 222.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = The Krawinkel neighbourhood | image_flag = Flag_of_Geleen.svg | image_shield = Geleen wapen 1889.svg | image_map = | image_map1 = | pushpin_map = Netherlands#Netherlands Limburg | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_mapsize = 250 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Netherlands##Location in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands | settlement_type = [[List of cities in the Netherlands by province|City]] | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = [[Netherlands]] | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = [[Limburg, Netherlands|Limburg]] | subdivision_type2 = Municipality | subdivision_name2 = [[Sittard-Geleen]] | elevation_footnotes = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |title = Postcodetool for 6061AA |language = nl |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland |date = 24 July 2019 |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis |access-date = 25 April 2022 }}</ref> | elevation_m = 32 | elevation_min_m = | elevation_max_m = | area_footnotes = <ref name="stat"/> | area_total_km2 = 19.64 | established_title = | established_date = | population_footnotes = <ref name="stat">{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.nl/-/media/_excel/2021/48/kwb-2021.xls |title=Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021 |website=Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=25 April 2022}}</ref> | population_total = 31,245 | population_as_of = 2021 | population_demonym = | population_note = | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in the Netherlands|Postal code]] | postal_code = 6160-6167<ref name="stat"/> | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Dialing code]] | area_code = 046 | blank_name_sec1 = Transport | blank1_name_sec1 = Major roads | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Rijksweg 76|A76]], [[Rijksweg 2|A2]], [[Provinciale weg 276|N276]], [[Provinciale weg 294|N294]] | coordinates = {{Coord|50|58|N|5|50|E|region:NL_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline, title}} }} '''Geleen''' ({{IPA|nl|ɣəˈleːn}}; {{langx|li|Gelaen}} {{IPA|li|ɣəˈlɛːn|}}) is a city in the southern part of the province of [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]] in the [[Netherlands]]. With 31,670 inhabitants in 2020, it is part of the municipality of [[Sittard-Geleen]]. Geleen is situated along the river [[Geleenbeek]], a right tributary to the river [[Meuse]]. The Latin name for Geleenbeek is ''Glana'', meaning "clear river". The town centre is situated at about 60 m above sea level. ==History== Until the end of the 19th century, Geleen was a very small village. Its population was 2,545 in 1899.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.volkstelling.nl/web/excel/VT_1899_11_H1.xls|title=Volkstelling 1899: Limburg|format=XLS}}</ref> The remains of one of the oldest prehistoric farms in the Netherlands were found here. In the 20th century the exploitation of [[Coal mining|coal mines]] in this area (the state-owned coal mine "[[Staatsmijn Maurits|Maurits]]", the biggest in Europe, was located in Geleen) brought a fast population increase. During the 1960s and 1970s the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] coal mines, which were all located in this part of the province, were closed. The state mining company [[DSM (company)|DSM]] (privatised in 1989) remained active in Geleen, however, now purely as a [[Chemical industry|chemicals producer]]. In July 2002, part of DSM's petrochemicals business, located on the manufacturing locations in Geleen and [[Gelsenkirchen]] (Germany) were acquired by [[SABIC|SABIC Europe]]. ==Sports and events== * The soccer club [[Fortuna Sittard|Fortuna '54]], was the former soccer club of Geleen. * Geleen has a professional ice hockey team called the [[Geleen Eaters]]. * The handball club [[Vlug en Lenig]] is from Geleen. * The pop and rock festival [[Pinkpop]], the oldest and longest running annual dedicated pop and rock music festival in the world,<ref name="Pollstar">{{cite news |last=Gammon |first=John |date=17 June 2011 |title=Six In A Row For Pinkpop |url=http://www.pollstar.com/news_article.aspx?ID=771453 |location=London, U.K. |publisher=[[Pollstar]] |access-date=13 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813184357/http://www.pollstar.com/news_article.aspx?ID=771453 |archive-date=13 August 2014 }}</ref><ref name="VPRO 1">{{cite web |url=http://www.geschiedenis24.nl/nieuws/2010/mei/Pinkpop-is-langstlopende-popfestival-ter-wereld.html |title=Pinkpop is langstlopende popfestival ter wereld |language=nl |trans-title=Pinkpop is longest running pop festival in the world |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=18 May 2010 |website=geschiedenis.vpro.nl/ |publisher=[[VPRO]] independent Dutch [[Netherlands Public Broadcasting|public broadcaster]] |access-date=13 August 2014}}</ref> also has its roots in Geleen. It was held there from 1970 until 1986. This festival was held in the [[Burgemeester Damen Sportpark]], which includes the sports centre Glanerbrook. The nearby swimming pool was popular with the artists, who enjoyed themselves backstage. * In Geleen there's a yearly town [[fair]] (one week after [[Whitsun]]). * Stage 5 of Eneco [[Tour of Benelux]] a [[road bicycle racing]] and part of the [[UCI ProTour]] finished in Geleen on August 16, 2013. ==Places of interest== [[File:kluiskerk.jpg|thumb|left|Sint-Janskluis from 1699]] * Ruins of [[Jansgeleen Castle]], with restored [[outer bailey]] and water mill (Sint-)Jansmolen, to the south-east of Geleen, on the territory of the municipality of Beek. * Sint-Janskluis, former hermitage from 1699. * De Biesenhof, recently restored historical farmhouse. * [[Parish church]] Sint Marcellinus and Petrus of Oud-Geleen. * Drossaerdhuis at Geenstraat. * Monument at Geenstraat (near train station Geleen-Lutterade) in memory of the [[martyr]] sister [[Maria Aloysia Löwenfels|Aloysia]], the Jewish-Catholic Louise Löwenfels.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/535941/about-luise-lowenfels |title=About Luise Löwenfels|website=Joods Monument|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> * Main building of [[Staatsmijn Maurits]]. * Restored former brickyard Plinthos, the present office of park De Graven, at Daniken (near train station Geleen-Oost). * Foroxity cinema: the largest cinema in [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]]. * Zuyderland Medical Centrum: a fairly recent hospital with modern architecture. * [[Burgemeester Damen Sportpark]], the location of the [[Pinkpop Festival]] from 1970 to 1986. ==Transportation== [[File:Geleen-plaats-OpenTopo.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Topographic map of Geleen, March 2014]] Geleen is served by two railway stations: [[Geleen-Lutterade railway station|Geleen-Lutterade]], on the line [[Sittard]]-[[Maastricht]], and [[Geleen Oost railway station|Geleen Oost]], on the line [[Sittard]]-[[Heerlen]]. Geleen is also served by two motorways: [[A2 motorway (Netherlands)|A2]] Amsterdam-Maastricht, exit Urmond, and [[A76 motorway (Netherlands)|A76]] Antwerp-Aachen, exit Geleen. == Notable people == * [[Jasper Adams (handballer)|Jasper Adams]] (born 1989), Dutch handball player * [[Benjamin van den Broek]] (born 1987), Dutch-born New Zealand footballer * [[Charles of Mount Argus]] (1821–1893), Dutch Passionist priest and Saint * [[Rick Geenen]] (born 1988), Dutch footballer * [[Myrthe Hilkens]] (born 1979), Dutch journalist, non-fiction writer and politician * [[Wil Jacobs]] (born 1960), Dutch handball player * [[Pierre Kerkhoffs]] (1936–2021), Dutch footballer * [[Paul Kusters]] (born 1966), Dutch cartoonist * [[Paul van Loon]] (born 1955), Dutch children's author * [[Dominick Muermans]] (born 1984), Dutch racing driver * [[Jean Nelissen]] (1936–2010), Dutch sports journalist * [[Maartje Paumen]] (born 1985), Dutch field hockey player * [[Gabriëlle Popken]] (born 1983), Dutch politician * [[Roel Rothkrans]] (born 1979), Dutch handball player * [[Ton Raven]] (born 1957), Dutch politician * [[Pim Rietbroek]] (born 1942), Dutch handball player and coach * [[René Shuman]] (born 1967), Dutch singer * [[Inger Smits]] (born 1994), Dutch handball player * [[Jorn Smits]] (born 1992), Dutch handball player * [[Kay Smits]] (born 1997), Dutch handball player * [[Henk Steevens]] (1931–2020), Dutch cyclist ==Gallery== <gallery> File:Markt Geleen.JPG|Geleen market File:StJansGeleen-004.jpg|[[Jansgeleen Castle]] File:Geleen (oud) - Marcelienstraat 18-2.jpg|Marcelienstraat in Geleen File:Geleen Marcellinus en Petruskerk.jpg|Marcellinus en Petruskerk in Oud-Geleen File:Geleen (oud) - Leurstraat 4.jpg|Huis Maes in Geleen File:Huis Corten.jpg|Huis Corten File:Woonhuis Molenstraat 33 Geleen.jpg|House in Geleen File:Huis ten Dijcken vanaf vijver.jpg|{{ill|Huis ten Dijcken|nl}} File:Terborch.JPG|{{ill|Kasteel Terborgh|nl}} File:Geleen beeld De Sjöt 4.jpg|Sculpture ''De Sjöt'' </gallery> ==References== {{more footnotes|date=February 2017}} {{Reflist|30em}} ==External links== {{commons category|Geleen}} * {{wikivoyage-inline|Geleen}} * [http://www.sittard-geleen.nl Official website of Sittard-Geleen] {{Dutch municipality Sittard-Geleen}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Mining communities in the Netherlands]] [[Category:Municipalities of the Netherlands disestablished in 2001]] [[Category:Former municipalities of Limburg (Netherlands)]] [[Category:Populated places in Limburg (Netherlands)]] [[Category:Sittard-Geleen]]
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