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Gerhard Rohlfs
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{{Short description|German linguist (1892–1986)}} {{about|the linguist|the geographer exploring Africa|Friedrich Gerhard Rohlfs}} {{inline|date=October 2023}} {{Infobox person | name = Gerhard Rohlfs | image = Gerhard Rohlfs portrait.jpg | caption = Portrait of Rohlfs, c. 1959 | birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1892|7|14}} | birth_place = [[Berlin-Lichterfelde]], [[German Empire]] | death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1986|9|12|1892|7|14}} | death_place = [[Tübingen]], [[West Germany]] }} '''Gerhard Rohlfs''' (July 14, 1892 – September 12, 1986) was a [[German people|German]] [[linguist]]. He taught [[Romance languages]] and [[literature]] at the [[university|universities]] in [[University of Tübingen|Tübingen]] and [[University of Munich|Munich]]. He was described{{by whom|date=October 2023}} as an "archeologist of words".{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} == Biography == Rohlfs was born in [[Berlin-Lichterfelde]]. His main interest was the languages and dialects spoken in Southern Italy and he travelled extensively in this region. He studied [[Griko dialect|Italiot Greek]] (a language still spoken in [[Grecìa Salentina|a few places]] in [[Salento]], southern [[Apulia]], and in [[Bovesia]], southern [[Calabria]]) and found several indications suggesting that Italiot-Greek is a direct descendant of the language originally spoken by the Greek colonists of [[Magna Grecia]]. He first advanced this theory in his book {{lang|de|Griechen und Romanen in Unteritalien}} (''Greeks and Romans in Southern Italy'', 1924). He also published two complete vocabularies of the dialects of Bovesia (1938–1939) and Salento (1956–1961). His main work is considered to be his ''Historical Grammar of the Italian Language and its Dialects'' ({{lang|de|Historische Grammatik der italienischen Sprache und ihrer Mundarten}}, 1949–1954). He received honorary degrees from the [[University of Calabria]] in [[Cosenza]] and the [[University of Salento]] in [[Lecce]]. He died in [[Tübingen]]. == Selected works == * ''Romanische Sprachgeographie: Geschichte und Grundlagen, Aspekte und Probleme mit dem Versuch eines Sprachatlas der romanischen Sprachen''. C. H. Beck, München 1971. * ''Historische Grammatik der italienischen Sprache und ihrer Mundarten'', 3 Bände, Francke, Bern 1949–1954; Neubearb. unter dem Titel ''Grammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei suoi dialetti'', 3 Bde., Einaudi, Turin 1966–1969 und mehrere Nachdrucke. * Vocabolario dei dialetti salentini (Terra d'Otranto). Verlag der Bayer. Akad. d. Wiss., München, 2 volumes (1956-1957) and 1 supplement (1961) - reprinted by Congedo Editore, (Galatina) in 1976. * ''Rätoromanisch. Die Sonderstellung des Rätoromanischen zwischen Italienisch und Französisch; eine kulturgeschichtliche und linguistische Einführung''. C. H. Beck, München 1975, {{ISBN|3-406-05730-6}}. * ''Le Gascon. Etudes de philologie pyrénéenne''. Editions Marrimpouey Jeune, Pau & Niemeyer, Tübingen 1977. * ''Sermo vulgaris Latinus. Vulgärlateinisches Lesebuch''. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1951 (Sammlung kurzer Lehrbücher der romanischen Sprachen und Literaturen; Band 13). * ''Lexicon graecanicum Italiae inferioris''. 2., erw. u. völlig neubearb. Aufl. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1964 (1. Aufl. u.d.T.: ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch der unteritalienischen Gräzität''). * ''Nuovo dizionario dialettale della Calabria. Con repertorio italo-calabro''. Nuova ed. interamente rielab., ampl. ed aggiornata, 3. rist. Longo Ravenna 1982. * ''Soprannomi siciliani''. Palermo 1984 (Centro di Studi Filologici e Linguistici Siciliani. Lessici siciliani; Band 2). * ''Gerhard Rohlfs - La Calabria contadina - Scavo linguistico e fotografie del primo Novecento'', a cura di/Hrsg. Antonio Panzarella, Edizioni Scientifiche Calabresi, Rende 2006, {{ISBN|88-89464-10-0}} (Bildband mit Fotos, die Rohlfs aufgenommenen und sprachwissenschaftlich kommentiert hat). * ''Primitive Kuppelbauten in Europa''. BAdW. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung München 1957 (it. Ausg. ''Primitive costruzioni a cupola in Europa'', Firenze 1963) ==References== {{reflist}} * [[Hans Helmut Christmann]]: ''Gerhard Rohlfs (1892–1986)''. In: ''[[Eikasmós]]'' 4, 1993, S. 317–320 ([http://www2.classics.unibo.it/Eikasmos/eik_pdf/1993/Christmann_93.pdf PDF]). * {{NDB|21|768|769|Rohlfs, Gerhard|[[Frank-Rutger Hausmann]]|118749463}} * [[Salvatore Gemelli]]: ''Gerhard Rohlfs (1892–1986). Una vita per l’Italia dei dialetti''. Rom 1990 (mit Schriftenverzeichnis von Liselotte Bihl, S. 237–290, insgesamt 727 Titel). * [[Utz Maas]]: ''Verfolgung und Auswanderung deutschsprachiger Sprachforscher 1933-1945''. Band 1: Dokumentation. Biobibliographische Daten A-Z. Stauffenburg Verlag, Tübingen 2010, S. 841 == External links == * {{DNB-Portal|118749463}} * [http://opac.regesta-imperii.de/lang_de/autoren.php?name=Rohlfs%2C+Gerhard Veröffentlichungen von Gerhard Rohlfs] im Opac der [[Regesta Imperii]] * Eintrag "Rohlfs, Gerhard" in Munzinger Online/Personen - Internationales Biographisches Archiv, URL: http://www.munzinger.de/document/00000005329 {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rohlfs, Gerhard}} [[Category:1892 births]] [[Category:1986 deaths]] [[Category:Writers from Berlin]] [[Category:Linguists from Germany]] [[Category:Literature educators]] [[Category:Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]] [[Category:Dialectologists]] [[Category:Grammarians from Germany]] [[Category:Linguists of Italian]] [[Category:German male writers]] [[Category:Members of the Institute for Catalan Studies]] [[Category:20th-century German linguists]] [[Category:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]
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