Editing Ghulam Nabi Azad

{{short description|Indian politician (born 1949)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Ghulam Nabi Azad
| honorific-suffix    = [[Padma Bhushan]]
| office              = [[Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha|Leader of the Opposition]] in [[Rajya Sabha]]
| native_name         = 
| image               = Ghulam Nabi Azad-cropped.JPG
| image_size          = 
| caption             = Official portrait, 2014
| 1blankname          = Chairman
| 1namedata           = [[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]]<br>[[Venkaiah Naidu]]
| 2blankname          = Deputy Leader
| 2namedata           = [[Anand Sharma]]
| predecessor         = [[Arun Jaitley]]
| successor           = [[Mallikarjun Kharge]]
| office6             = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| term_start6         = 1980
| term_end6           = 1989
| predecessor6        = [[Vasantrao Naik]]
| successor6          = [[Anantrao Vithhalrao Deshmukh]]
| constituency6       = [[Washim (Lok Sabha constituency)|Washim, Maharashtra]]
| office3             = 7th [[List of chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister of Jammu & Kashmir]]
| governor3           = [[Srinivas Kumar Sinha]]<br />[[Narinder Nath Vohra]]
| predecessor3        = [[Mufti Mohammad Sayeed]]
| party               = [[Democratic Progressive Azad Party]]
| office1             = [[Minister of Health and Family Welfare (India)|Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare]]
| predecessor1        = [[Anbumani Ramadoss]]
| primeminister1      = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| successor1          = [[Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)|Harsh Vardhan]]
| successor3          = [[Omar Abdullah]]
| office7             = Chairperson of [[Democratic Progressive Azad Party]] 
| predecessor7        = ''position established'' 
| term_start7         = 26 September 2022
| office8             = [[Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (India)|Union Minister of Parliamentary Affairs]]
| primeminister8     = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| term8               = 23 May 2004 – 1 November 2005
| predecessor8        = [[Sushma Swaraj]]
| successor8          = [[Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi]]
| term9               = 18 January 1996 – 16 May 1996
| primeminister9      = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
| predecessor9        = [[Vidya Charan Shukla]]
| successor9          = [[Pramod Mahajan]]
| term10              = 21 June 1991 – 18 January 1993
| predecessor10       = [[Satya Prakash Malaviya]]
| successor10         = [[Vidya Charan Shukla]]
| primeminister10     = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
| birth_name          = Ghulam Nabi Bhatt
| birth_date          = {{Birth date and age|1949|03|07|df=yes}}
| birth_place         = [[Bhalessa]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Dominion of India|India]]
| otherparty          = [[Indian National Congress]] (1973–2022)
| spouse              = {{Marriage|[[Shameema Dev Azad]]|1980}}
| children            = Saddam Nabi Azad (son)<ref>{{cite web|title=Who is Ghulam Nabi Azad?|url=https://www.business-standard.com/about/who-is-ghulam-nabi-azad/|access-date=18 June 2020|date=2012-10-31}}</ref><br />Sofiya Nabi Azad (daughter)<ref>{{cite news|title=My dad will do well, says Azad's daughter|website=[[The Hindu]] |date=3 November 2005 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/my-dad-will-do-well-says-azads-daughter/article27503417.ece|access-date=18 Jun 2020}}</ref>
| alma_mater          = {{Unbulleted_list|[[Government Degree Colleges in India|Government Degree Colleges, Bhadarwah]]|[[Govt. Gandhi Memorial Science College|G.G.M. Science College]]|[[University of Jammu]]|[[University of Kashmir]]}}
| term_start          = {{Start date|2014|06|08|df=yes}}
| term_end            = {{End date|2021|02|15|df=yes}}<ref>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/who-could-replace-azad-as-leader-of-opposition-in-rs-list-of-probables-101612862440112-amp.html After Ghulam Nabi Azad, who could be the next Leader of Opposition?] Hindustan Times</ref>
| office4             = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| constituency4       = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu and Kashmir]](state)
| term_start4         = {{Start date|2009|02|11|df=yes}}
| term_end4           = {{End date|2021|02|15|df=yes}}
| predecessor4        = [[Saifuddin Soz]]
| successor4          = 
| term_start5         = {{Start date|1996|11|30|df=yes}}
| term_end5           = {{End date|2006|01|29|df=yes}}
| constituency5       = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| term6               = 3 April 1990 – 2 April 1996
| term_start1         = {{Start date|2009|05|22|df=yes}}
| term_end1           = {{End date|2014|05|26|df=yes}}
| term_start3         = {{Start date|2005|11|02|df=yes}}
| term_end3           = {{End date|2008|07|11|df=yes}}
| awards              = [[Padma Bhushan]] (2022)
}}

'''Ghulam Nabi Azad''' (born 7 March 1949) is an Indian politician who served as Leader of Opposition in [[Rajya Sabha]] between 2014 and 2021. He also served as the Chief Minister of erstwhile state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] from 2005 to 2008. On 26 September 2022, Azad announced his own political party as [[Democratic Progressive Azad Party]]. He is the chief patron cum founder of Democratic Progressive Azad Party.

Azad served as [[Minister of Health and Family Welfare (India)|Minister of Health and Family Welfare]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/ghulam-nabi-azad.html|title=Ghulam Nabi Azad Biography – About family, political life, awards won, history}}</ref> He has served as the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs in the [[Manmohan Singh]] government until 27 October 2005, when he was appointed the [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]. On 26 August 2022, Azad resigned from [[Indian National Congress]] and mulled creating a new party at the national level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2022 |title=Ghulam Nabi Azad quits Congress, resigns from all party positions |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ghulam-nabi-azad-quits-congress/articleshow/93793181.cms |website=THE TIMES OF INDIA}}</ref>

He also led the party successfully in the [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2002 Assembly election in Jammu and Kashmir]]. He was bestowed with the [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third highest civilian award, in 2022 by the Indian Government in the field of Public Affairs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-26|title=Padma Awards 2022: Complete list of recipients|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/padma-awards-2022-complete-list-of-recepient-11643162439142.html|access-date=2022-01-26|website=mint|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Ghulam Nabi Azad was born in a village named Soti of [[Gandoh]] tehsil ([[Bhalessa]]) in the formerly princely state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]'s [[Doda district]]. His parents were Rahamatullah Batt and Basa Begum. He attended the local school in his village. Later for higher studies he moved to [[Jammu]] and received his Bachelor's of Science degree from [[Govt. Gandhi Memorial Science College|G.G.M. Science College]].<ref>{{cite web|title=nocorruption.in|url=https://nocorruption.in/politician/ghulam-nabi-azad/|access-date=30 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Election.in|url=http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/ghulam-nabi-azad.html|access-date=30 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=rajyasabhampbiodata|url=http://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=126|access-date=30 June 2017}}</ref> Furthermore, he also received a Master's in [[Zoology]] degree from the [[University of Kashmir]], Srinagar in 1972.<ref name=bio>[http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/ghulam-nabi-azad.html Ghulam Nabi Azad Biography], Elections.in. Retrieved 25 April 2017.</ref>

==Political career==
Azad started his career soon after working as the secretary for the Block Congress Committee in [[Bhalessa]] in 1973. Two years later, he was nominated as the President of the Jammu and Kashmir Pradesh Youth Congress. In 1980, he was appointed the President of the All-India Youth Congress.<ref name=bio/>

After being elected to the [[Seventh Lok Sabha]] from Maharashtra's [[Washim (Lok Sabha constituency)]] in 1980, Azad entered into the Central government as Deputy Minister in charge of Law, Justice and Company Affairs Ministry in 1982.

Subsequently, he was elected to the [[Eighth Lok Sabha]] in 1984 and was a member (1990 - 1996) from Maharashtra in [[Rajya Sabha]].<ref name="RS-list">{{cite web|title=Alphabetical List Of Former Members Of Rajya Sabha Since 1952|url=http://164.100.47.5/Newmembers/alphabeticallist_all_terms.aspx|access-date=3 October 2015}}</ref> During Rao's government, Azad took charge of Parliamentary Affairs and Civil Aviation ministries. He was subsequently elected to Rajya Sabha from Jammu and Kashmir during the term of 30 November 1996 to 29 November 2002 and 30 November 2002 to 29 November 2008, but resigned on 29 April 2006 as he became Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir on 2 November 2005.<ref name="RS-list"/>

The [[Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]], a coalition partner of the Indian National Congress in Jammu and Kashmir, withdrew its support for Azad's government, and rather than attempt to sustain his government by requesting a vote of confidence, Azad resigned on 7 July 2008, and later left office on 11 July 2008.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/07/07/kashmir.resign/ "Kashmir chief's surprise resignation"], CNN, 7 July 2008.</ref>

===Union government===
[[File:Shri Ghulam Nabi Azad assumes charge of the Union Minister for Urban Development in New Delhi on May 25, 2004 (Tuesday.jpg|thumb|Ghulam Nabi Azad assumes charge as the Union Minister for Urban Development in New Delhi on 25 May 2004|left]]
In the [[Second Manmohan Singh ministry|second]] United Progressive Alliance Government, led by [[Manmohan Singh]], Azad was sworn in as the Health Minister of India. He was elected to Rajya Sabha for the fourth and fifth terms from Jammu and Kashmir during the term of 30 November 1996 to 29 November 2002.<ref name="RS-list"/> He vowed to expand the National Rural Health Mission, which has mobilized half a million health workers, all across India, and later his ministry also launched a National Urban Health Mission, to serve the slum dwelling urban poor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/azads-pat-for-nrhm-schemes/article4616625.ece|title=Azad's pat for NRHM schemes|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/nuhm-launched-to-cover-urban-areas-with-over-50000-population/article5598113.ece|title=NUHM launched to cover urban areas with over 50,000 population|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-03-25}}</ref>

He has suggested a late marriage age of between 25 and 30 for population control, and has said that lack of electricity & thereby absence of TV entertainment in rural areas will cause people to produce more children.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Azad+says+watch+TV+to+check+baby+boom/1/51351.html|title=Azad says watch TV to check baby boom|access-date=2017-03-25}}</ref>

===Leader of Opposition===
In June 2014, after the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] won a majority in the [[Lok Sabha]] and formed the Union government, Azad was appointed the leader of opposition in the [[Rajya Sabha]], where Congress still held the majority.<ref>[http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ghulam-nabi-azad-made-leader-of-congress-in-rajya-sabha-set-to-become-leader-of-opposition-576466 Ghulam Nabi Azad Made Leader of Congress in Rajya Sabha, Set to Become Leader of Opposition], NDTV News, 8 June 2014.</ref>

In 2015, Azad got re-elected to the Rajya Sabha from Jammu and Kashmir, despite the PDP-BJP alliance holding a majority of seats in the Legislative Assembly.<ref>[http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/congress-leader-ghulam-nabi-azad-relected-to-rajya-sabha/ Kashmir surprise: Congress leader Ghulam Nabi Azad reelected to Rajya Sabha], The Indian Express, 8 February 2015.</ref>

[[File:The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Outstanding Parliamentarian Award for the year 2015 to Shri Ghulam Nabi Azad, at a function, at Parliament House, in New Delhi.JPG|thumb|[[Ram Nath Kovind]], President of India presenting the [[Outstanding Parliamentarian Award]] for 2015 to Shri Ghulam Nabi Azad, at a function, at [[Old Parliament House, New Delhi|Parliament House, New Delhi]] on August 1, 2018.]]

===Resignation from INC===
In August 2022, Azad resigned from the post of chairman of the Jammu and Kashmir Congress campaign committee hours after his appointment. Sonia Gandhi accepted the resignation from Azad. On 26 August 2022, he resigned from all positions including primary membership of the party.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://bigmirror.in/rahul-gandhi-demolished-congress-party-ghulam-nabi-azad-quits/|title= Ghulam Nabi Azad quits Congress party|publisher=Big Mirror News|date= 26 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/ghulam-nabi-azad-quits-j-k-congress-campaign-committee-hours-after-his-appointment-11660698120607.html|title=Ghulam Nabi Azad quits J&K Congress campaign committee hours after his appointment|publisher=Live Mint|date= 23 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/news/ghulam-nabi-azad-resigns-from-all-congress-party-positions-heres-a-primer/article65813609.ece|title=Ghulam Nabi Azad resigns from all Congress party positions: Here's a primer|publisher= Frontline|date=26 August 2022}}</ref> In his resignation letter, he cited destruction of consultative process by [[Rahul Gandhi]] as a reason.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Phukan |first1=Sandeep |title=Ghulam Nabi Azad quits Congress saying Rahul Gandhi destroyed party's consultative mechanism |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ghulam-nabi-azad-resignation-letter-primary-membership-positions-congress/article65813518.ece |access-date=2022-08-26 |work=The Hindu |date=2022-08-26}}</ref>

== Democratic Progressive Azad Party ==
On 4 September 2022, Azad announced the formation of a new political party after resigning from [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]. He said the people of Jammu and Kashmir will decide the name and the flag for the new party.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-04 |title=Full Statehood, Jobs to Natives & More: With Big Plans for J&K, Azad Announces Own Party, Says People Will Decide its Name & Flag |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/ghulam-nabi-azad-to-hold-first-rally-after-congress-exit-in-jammu-today-likely-to-announce-his-party-5886565.html |access-date=2022-09-04 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>

On 26 September 2022, Azad announced the name of his new party as [[Democratic Progressive Azad Party]]. The flag of the Democratic Azad Party has three colours: mustard, white, and blue.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Democratic Azad Party": Ghulam Nabi Azad Announces His Party's Name |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ghulam-nabi-azad-announces-his-new-outfit-democratic-azad-party-ahead-of-j-k-polls-3377894 |access-date=2022-09-26 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Azad married [[Shameema Dev Azad]], a well known Kashmiri singer, in 1980, and they have a son Saddam Nabi Azad and a daughter Sofiya Nabi Azad.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/power-girl/1/146822.html|title=Power girl|work=India Today|access-date=2017-04-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-10-31 |title=Ghulam Nabi Azad (@ghulamnazad) |url=https://twitter.com/ghulamnazad?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Sofiya-Azad-loves-talking/articleshow/2239627.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140212191430/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-07-28/news-interviews/27987749_1_ghulam-nabi-azad-chief-minister-foreign-university|url-status=live|archive-date=2014-02-12|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=Sofiya Azad ves talking|access-date=2017-04-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/11/04/stories/2005110403291500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060827224635/http://www.hindu.com/2005/11/04/stories/2005110403291500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2006-08-27|title=My dad will do well, says Azad's daughter|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=2005-03-11|access-date=2017-04-19|work=[[The Hindu]]|pages=15}}</ref>

==Positions held==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Description
|-
| 1980 - 1984
| Elected to [[7th Lok Sabha]] 
* Deputy Minister - Law, Justice and Company Affairs (1982-82)
* Deputy Minister - Information and Broadcasting (1983–84)
|-
| 1984 - 1989
| Elected to [[8th Lok Sabha]] 
* Minister of State - Parliamentary Affairs (Dec 1984 - May 1986)
* Minister of State - Home Affairs (May 1986 - Oct 1986)
* Minister of State - Food and Civil Supplies (Oct 1986 - Sept 1987)
|-
| 1991 - 1996
| Elected to [[Rajya Sabha]] From Maharashtra 
* Union Minister - Parliamentary Affairs (June 1991 - Dec 1992)
* Union Minister - Parliamentary Affairs (Jan 1993 - May 1996)
* Union Minister - Civil Aviation and Tourism (Jan 1993 - May 1996)
|-
| 1996 - 2002
| Elected to [[Rajya Sabha]] From Jammu and Kashmir
|-
| 2002 - 2006
| Elected to [[Rajya Sabha]] From Jammu and Kashmir
* Union Minister - Parliamentary Affairs (May 2004 - Oct 2005)
* Union Minister - Urban Development (May 2004 - Oct 2005)
|}

==Awards==
*In March 2022, Ghulam Nabi Azad received [[Padma Bhushan]] from President [[Ram Nath Kovind]].<ref>{{Cite web |title="Someone Recognised My Work": Ghulam Nabi Azad On Padma Award |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/someone-recognised-my-work-ghulam-nabi-azad-on-padma-award-2835182 |access-date=22 March 2022|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
*[[Outstanding Parliamentarian Award]] 2015, at [[Old Parliament House, New Delhi|Parliament House, New Delhi]] on 1 August 2018

==Further reading==
* [http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/ghulam-nabi-azad-becomes-first-congress-cm-of-jammu-and-kashmir-in-30-years/1/192618.html Slippery slope], India Today, 14 November 2005.
* [http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Ghulam+Nabi+Azad/1/43185.html Ghulam Nabi Azad], India Today, 21 May 2009.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]|years=2005 – 2008}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Omar Abdullah]] }}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Anbumani Ramadoss]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Minister of Health and Family Welfare (India)|Minister of Health and Family Welfare]]|years=2009 – 2014}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)|Harsh Vardhan]]}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Arun Jaitley]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Leader of the Opposition (India)|Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha]]|years=2014 – 2021}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mallikarjun Kharge]]}}
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{{Padma Bhushan Award Recipients 2020–2029}}
{{Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir}}
{{Cabinet of Manmohan Singh}}
{{Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Azad, Ghulam Nabi}}
[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:India MPs 1980–1984]]
[[Category:India MPs 1984–1989]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Health ministers of India]]
[[Category:Civil aviation ministers of India]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian Muslims]]
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[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Indian Youth Congress Presidents]]
[[Category:Members of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council]]
[[Category:Kashmiri politicians]]
[[Category:People from Doda district]]
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[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir MLAs 2002–2008]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
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[[Category:Leaders of the opposition in the Rajya Sabha]]
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[[Category:University of Kashmir alumni]]
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[[Category:Members of the National Cadet Corps (India)]]
[[Category:People from Bhaderwah]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in public affairs]]
[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir MLAs 2008–2014]]
[[Category:Presidents of Jammu and Kashmir Pradesh Congress Committee]]