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Gideon Sundback
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{{Short description|Swedish-American inventor (1880-1954)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}} {{Infobox person | name = Gideon Sundback | image = Gideon Sundback.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = Sundback circa 1920 | birth_name = Otto Fredrik Gideon Sundbäck | birth_date = {{birth date|1880|4|24}} | birth_place = [[Jönköping Municipality|Ödestugu Parish]], [[Jönköping County]], [[Småland]], Sweden | death_date = {{death date and age|1954|6|21|1880|4|24}} | death_place = [[Meadville, Pennsylvania]], United States | death_cause = | resting_place = [[Greendale Cemetery]] | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = Swedish-American | other_names = | known_for = Invention of the zipper | education = | employer = | occupation = Electrical engineer | spouse = {{marriage|Elvira Aronson|1909}} }} '''Otto Fredrik Gideon Sundbäck''' (April 24, 1880 – June 21, 1954) was a Swedish-American electrical engineer, who is most commonly associated with his work in the development of the [[zipper]].<ref name="HOF">[http://www.invent.org/hall_of_fame/302.html ''Gideon Sundback'' (National Inventors Hall of Fame] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709212925/http://www.invent.org/hall_of_fame/302.html |date=July 9, 2010 }})</ref> == Background == Otto Fredrik Gideon Sundbäck was born on Sonarp farm in Ödestugu Parish, in [[Jönköping County]], [[Småland]], Sweden. He was the son of Jonas Otto Magnusson Sundbäck, a prosperous farmer, and his wife Kristina Karolina Klasdotter. After his studies in Sweden, Sundbäck moved to Germany, where he studied at the polytechnic school in [[Bingen am Rhein]], graduating in engineering in 1903. In 1905, he emigrated to the United States.<ref>{{cite book|title=Inventing the 20th century: 100 inventions that shaped the world: from the airplane to the zipper|date=May 2002|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=9780814788127|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVHRRoQvW60C&pg=PA58}}</ref><ref>Petroski, Henry ''The Evolution of Useful Things'' (Random House of Canada, 1994) {{ISBN|0-679-74039-2}} page 103</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology|date=September 2003|publisher=Taylor & Francis|page=1181|isbn=9780203028292|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n--ivouMng8C&q=Gideon+Sundback+United+States&pg=PA1181}}</ref> ==Personal== On June 5, 1909, Sundbäck married (Naomi) Elvira Aronson, daughter of the Swedish-born plant manager Peter Aron Aronson (Aronsson), in [[Hoboken, New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Zipper: An Exploration in Novelty|year=1996|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|page=74|isbn=9780393313659|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kdbxPScyegYC&pg=PA74}}</ref> ==Legacy== In 2006, Sundbäck was honored by inclusion in the [[National Inventors Hall of Fame]] for his work on the development of the zipper.<ref name=Friedel96>''Zipper: An exploration in novelty'' (Robert Friedel, author. W. W. Norton and Company, New York, 1996) {{ISBN|0-393-31365-4}}</ref><ref>[http://dr.library.brocku.ca/handle/10464/3010 ''Lightning Fastener Company Limited'' (Brock University)]</ref> On April 24, 2012, the 132nd anniversary of Sundbäck’s birth, Google changed the [[Google logo]] on its homepage to a [[Google logo|Google Doodle]] of the [[zipper]], which when opened revealed the results of a search for ''Gideon Sundbäck''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gideon Sundback celebrated in a Google doodle|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/24/gideon-sundback-celebrated-google-doodle|access-date=April 24, 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|date=April 24, 2012|location=London}}</ref> ==1917 patent== Sundbäck's {{US patent|1219881}} (filed in 1914, issued in 1917): <br> <gallery> File:001 Sundback zipper 1917 patent.jpg File:002_Sundback zipper 1917 patent.jpg File:003_Sundback zipper 1917 patent.jpg File:004_Sundback zipper 1917 patent.jpg File:005_Sundback zipper 1917 patent.jpg </gallery> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Other sources== *Petroski, Henry (1992) ''The Evolution of Useful Things'' (Vintage Books) {{ISBN|0-679-74039-2}} *Friedel, Robert (1996) ''Zipper: An Exploration in Novelty'' (W. W. Norton and Company) {{ISBN|0-393-31365-4}} ==External links== {{commons category|Gideon Sundback}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110722052811/http://www.pat2pdf.org/patents/pat1219881.pdf An image of US patent no. 1219881] {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sundback, Gideon}} [[Category:1880 births]] [[Category:1954 deaths]] [[Category:American electrical engineers]] [[Category:People from Jönköping Municipality]] [[Category:Swedish emigrants to the United States]] [[Category:Swedish electrical engineers]] [[Category:20th-century American inventors]] [[Category:Burials at Greendale Cemetery]]
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