Editing Gil Kane

{{short description|American comic book artist (1926–2000)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2016}} 
{{Infobox comics creator
| image         = Gil Kane.jpg
| alt           = Kane seated at a table, smiling
| caption       = Kane at the 1976 [[San Diego Comic-Con]]
| birth_name    = Eli Katz
| birth_date    = {{birth date|1926|4|6}}
| birth_place   = [[Riga]], [[Latvia]]
| death_date    = {{death date and age|2000|1|31|1926|4|06}}
| death_place   = [[Miami]], [[Florida]], U.S.
| nationality   = American
| pencil        = y
| write         = y
| alias         = Scott Edward, Gil Stack, Stack Til, Stacktil, Pen Star, Phil Martell
| notable works = [[Hal Jordan|Green Lantern]]<br>[[Atom (Ray Palmer)|Atom]]<br>[[Spider-Man]]<br>[[Blackmark]]<br>[[Adam Warlock]] 
| awards        = [[National Cartoonists Society]] Award (1971, 1972, 1975, 1977)<br>[[Shazam Award]] (1971)<br>[[Inkpot Award]] (1975)
}}
'''Gil Kane''' ({{IPAc-en|g|ɪ|l|_|k|eɪ|n}}; born '''Eli Katz''' {{IPAc-en|k|æ|t|s}}, {{Langx|lv|Elija Kacs}}; April 6, 1926 – January 31, 2000) was a Latvian-born American [[comics artist]] whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1990s and virtually every major comics company and character.

Kane co-created the modern-day versions of the [[superheroes]] [[Hal Jordan|Green Lantern]] and the [[Atom (Ray Palmer)|Atom]] for [[DC Comics]], and co-created [[Iron Fist (character)|Iron Fist]]  and [[Adam Warlock]] with [[Roy Thomas]] for [[Marvel Comics]]. He was involved in the anti-drug storyline in ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' #96–98, which, at the behest of the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services|U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare]], bucked the then-prevalent [[Comics Code Authority]] to depict drug abuse, and ultimately spurred an update of the Code. Kane additionally pioneered an early [[graphic novel]] prototype, ''[[His Name Is... Savage]]'', in 1968, and a seminal graphic novel, ''[[Blackmark]]'', in 1971.

In 1997, he was inducted into both the [[List of Eisner Award winners#The Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame|Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame]] and the [[Harvey Award#The Jack Kirby Hall of Fame|Harvey Award Jack Kirby Hall of Fame]].

==Biography==

===Early life and career===
Gil Kane was born Eli Katz ({{Langx|lv|Elija Kacs}}) on April 6, 1926, in [[Latvia]]<ref name=NewYorkTimes>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/03/arts/gil-kane-comic-book-artist-is-dead-at-73.html?pagewanted=all |last=Martin |first= Douglas | title = Gil Kane, Comic-Book Artist, Is Dead at 73 | work=[[The New York Times]]| date= February 3, 2000 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090213102334/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0DE7D9123FF930A35751C0A9669C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all | archive-date = February 13, 2009 | url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> to a [[Jewish]] family who immigrated to the U.S. in 1929, settling in [[Brooklyn]], New York City. His father was a struggling poultry merchant.<ref name=Masterworks>{{cite book| editor-last = Sedlmeier | editor-first = Cory | title =Marvel Masterworks: The Incredible Hulk Volume 2 | publisher = [[Marvel Entertainment]] | page = 244}}</ref> Kane attended high school at [[Manhattan]]'s [[School of Industrial Art]],<ref name=secondgeneration-p68>{{cite book | last = Herman | first= Daniel | title = Silver Age: The Second Generation of Comic Artists | page = 68 | publisher = [[Hermes Press]] | location = Neshannock Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania| year = 2004 | isbn = 1-932563-64-4}}</ref> but left in his senior year when he saw an opportunity to work at MLJ Comics (later [[Archie Comics]]).<ref name="secondgeneration-p68" /> He recalled in a 1996 interview,

{{blockquote|[F]rom the time I was 15, I was going up to the comics offices. ... My first job came the next year at 16. During my summer vacation [between years of high school], I went up and got a job working at MLJ in 1942 ... I was in my last year in high school [when I left]. I was 16 and I'd already started my last year but I'd already gotten my job the summer before at MLJ, so I didn't want to give up my job. I quit school in the last grade.<ref name=tcj-interview-april1996>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.tcj.com/2_archives/i_kane.html|journal= [[The Comics Journal]]|issue= 186|date= April 1996|first=Gary|last=Groth|title= Interview with Gil Kane, Part I|publisher= [[Fantagraphics Books]]|location= Seattle, Washington|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090207172157/http://www.tcj.com/2_archives/i_kane.html|archive-date= February 7, 2009}} Note: ''The New York Times'' obituary and the Hulk ''Marvel Masterworks'' capsule biography erroneously say he left school at age 15.</ref>}}

Until being fired after three weeks, Kane worked in production, "putting borders on pages. The [[letterers]] would only put in the lettering, not the balloons, so I would put in the borders, balloons, and I'd finish up artwork—whatever had to be done on a lesser scale."<ref name=tcj-interview-april1996 /> Within "a couple of days" of being let go, "I got a job with [[Jack Binder (comics)|Jack Binder]]'s agency. Jack Binder had a loft on [[Fifth Avenue]] and it just looked like an internment camp. There must have been 50 or 60 guys up there, all at drawing tables. You had to account for the paper that you took." Kane began [[penciler|penciling]] professionally there, but, "They weren't terribly happy with what I was doing. But when I was rehired by MLJ three weeks later, not only did they put me back into the production department and give me an increase, they gave me my first job, which was 'Inspector Bentley of Scotland Yard' in ''[[Pep Comics]]'', and then they gave me a whole issue of ''[[Shield (Archie Comics)|The Shield]] and Dusty'', one of their leading books".<ref name=tcj-interview-april1996 /> He would also do spot illustrations for other studios.<ref name=Masterworks/>

His earliest known credit is inking Carl Hubbell on the six-page Scarlet Avenger superhero story "The Counterfeit Money Code" in MLJ's ''Zip Comics'' #14 ([[cover-date]]d May 1941), on which he signed the name "Gil Kane".<ref name=gcd>{{gcdb|type=credit|search= Gil+Kane|title= Gil Kane}}</ref> Other early credits include some issues of the company's ''[[Pep Comics]]'', sometimes under pseudonyms including '''Stack Til''' and '''Stacktil''', and, in conjunction with artist Pen Shumaker, '''Pen Star'''.<ref name=gcd /><ref name=bails>{{cite web |url=http://www.bailsprojects.com/bio.aspx?Name=KANE%2c+GIL |title=Kane, Gil |publisher=Who's Who of American Comic Books, 1928–1999 |editor-first1=Jerry |editor-last1=Bails |author-link=Jerry Bails |editor-first2=Hames |editor-last2=Ware |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316091830/http://www.bailsprojects.com/bio.aspx?Name=KANE%2C+GIL |archive-date=March 16, 2013 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>[http://www.comics.org/issue/2814/#35040 "The Case of the Laughing Corpse"] (Pen Star credit) at the Grand Comics Database</ref> He even used his birth name on rare occasions, including on at least one story each in the [[Frank Z. Temerson|Temerson]] / Helnit / Continental publishing group's ''Terrific Comics'' and ''[[Cat-Man and Kitten|Cat-Man Comics]]''.<ref name=gcd />

In 1944 he did his first work for the future [[Marvel Comics]], as one of two inkers on the 28-page "The Spawn of Death" in the wartime kid-gang comic ''[[Young Allies (Marvel Comics)|Young Allies]]'' #11 (March 1944), and the future [[DC Comics]], as the uncredited [[ghost writer|ghost artist]] for [[Jack Kirby]] on the [[Sandman (Wesley Dodds)|Sandman]] superhero story "Courage a la Carte" in ''[[Adventure Comics]]'' #91 (May 1944).<ref name= gcd /> That same year Kane either was drafted<ref name=secondgeneration-p68 /> or enlisted in the [[United States Army|Army]] and served in the [[World War II]] [[Asiatic-Pacific Theater|Pacific theater of operations]].<ref name=Masterworks/><ref name=ncsbio>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuben.org/ncs/members/memorium/kane.jpg |first=Gil |last=Kane |title=Gil Kane |publisher=[[National Cartoonists Society]] |access-date=April 18, 2013 |archive-date=February 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222101315/http://www.reuben.org/ncs/members/memorium/kane.jpg |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> After 19 months in the service, he returned to in December 1945. [[All-American Publications]] editor [[Sheldon Mayer]] hired him in 1947, for a stint that lasted six months.<ref name=secondgeneration-p68 /> He contributed again to the "Sandman" feature in ''Adventure Comics'' and, as penciler '''Gil Stack''' and inker '''Phil Martel''', to the "[[Wildcat (DC Comics)|Wildcat]]" feature in ''[[Sensation Comics]]''.<ref name=gcd /> Around this time, he said, he "worked with director [[Garson Kanin]] when he was involved in TV", drawing [[storyboard]]s.<ref name=ncsbio />

In 1949, Kane began a longtime professional relationship with [[Julius Schwartz]], an editor at National Comics, the future DC Comics.<ref name=secondgeneration-p68 /> Kane drew stories for several DC series in the 1950s including ''[[All-Star Western]]''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Irvine|first1= Alex|author-link = Alex Irvine|editor-last1=Dolan|editor-first1=Hannah|chapter= 1950s|title = DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle|publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley]]|year=2010|location= London, United Kingdom|isbn= 978-0-7566-6742-9|page= 62|quote = With work by artists Gil Kane, Carmine Infantino, and Alex Toth and writer Robert Kanigher, among others, ''All-Star Western'' would run for ten years.}}</ref> and ''The Adventures of [[Rex the Wonder Dog]]''.<ref>Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 67</ref>

===Silver Age of Comic Books===
[[File:Showcase (1956-) 22.png|thumb|left|''[[Showcase (comics)|Showcase]]'' #22 (Oct. 1959), the first appearance of Hal Jordan, as the modern Green Lantern. Cover art by Kane.]]<!--confirmed per http://www.comics.org/details.lasso?id=15200, he both penciled and inked-->
In the late 1950s, freelancing for DC Comics precursor National Comics, Kane illustrated works in what fans and historians call the [[Silver Age of Comic Books]], creating character designs for the [[Hal Jordan|modern-day version]] of the 1940s [[superhero]] [[Green Lantern]],<ref>Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 95: "DC had decided to revamp a number of characters to inject new life into the genre.  Writer John Broome and artist Gil Kane ensured that Green Lantern got his turn in October's ''Showcase'' #22."</ref> for which he pencilled most of the first 75 issues of the reimagined character's comic. Comics historian [[Les Daniels]] praised Kane's work on the character, stating "The design was part of an approach that emphasized grace as well as strength, an approach especially notable in Kane's flying scenes ... Green Lantern appeared to soar effortlessly across the cosmos."<ref>{{cite book|last = Daniels|first = Les|author-link = Les Daniels|title = DC Comics: Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes|chapter= Green Lantern Lit Again Comics Get Cosmic Consciousness|publisher= [[Little, Brown and Company|Bulfinch Press]]|year = 1995|location= New York, New York|page = 124|isbn = 0821220764}}</ref> DC Comics writer and executive [[Paul Levitz]] noted in 2010 that Kane "modeled the [[Guardians of the Universe|Guardians]] on Israeli founding father [[David Ben-Gurion]], even as the human figures in the cast tended to mimic Kane's own tall, elongated build."<ref>{{cite book|author-link= Paul Levitz|last=Levitz|first= Paul|chapter= The Silver Age 1956–1970|title= 75 Years of DC Comics The Art of Modern Mythmaking|publisher= [[Taschen]]|year=2010|location= Cologne, Germany|isbn= 9783836519816|page= 252}}</ref> Kane and writer [[John Broome (writer)|John Broome]]'s stories for the ''Green Lantern'' series included transforming Hal Jordan's love interest, [[Carol Ferris]], into the [[Star Sapphire (comics)|Star Sapphire]] in issue #16.<ref>McAvennie, Michael "1960s" in Dolan, p. 105: "In his first confrontation with Star Sapphire, Green Lantern didn't realize he was actually battling his lady love, Carol Ferris.  As was revealed by scribe John Broome and artist Gil Kane ..."</ref> [[Black Hand (character)|Black Hand]], a character featured prominently in the "[[Blackest Night]]" storyline in 2009–2010, debuted in issue #29 (June 1964) by Broome and Kane.<ref>McAvennie "1960s" in Dolan, p. 111: "Scribe John Broome and artist Gil Kane split this issue into two stories ... William Hand, introduced in a cameo by Kane, informed readers of a power light he invented to collect remnant energy from Green Lantern's power ring."</ref> The creative team created [[Guy Gardner (character)|Guy Gardner]] in the story "Earth's Other Green Lantern!" in issue #59 (March 1968).<ref>McAvennie "1960s" in Dolan, p. 129: "John Broome's script and Gil Kane's renderings debuted a character who would one day become a Green Lantern – Guy Gardner."</ref>

Kane similarly co-created an [[Atom (Ray Palmer)|updated]] version of the [[Atom (character)|Atom]] with writer [[Gardner Fox]].<ref>McAvennie "1960s" in Dolan, p. 103: "The Atom was the next Golden Age hero to receive a Silver Age makeover from writer Gardner Fox and artist Gil Kane."</ref> Kane — who by 1960 was living in [[Jericho, New York]], on [[Long Island]]<ref name=alterego2p12>{{cite journal| author-link= Roy Thomas|first= Roy|last= Thomas|title= Splitting the Atom|journal= [[Alter Ego (magazine)|Alter Ego]]|date= Autumn 1999|volume= 3|issue= 2|page= 12|publisher= TwoMorrows Publishing|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> — also drew the youthful superhero team the [[Teen Titans]], a revival of [[Plastic Man]],<ref>McAvennie "1960s" in Dolan, p. 119</ref> and, in the late 1960s, such short-lived titles as ''[[Hawk and Dove]]'' and the [[Brand licensing|licensed]]-character comic ''[[Captain Action]]'', based on the [[action figure]]. Kane and [[Marv Wolfman]] created an origin for [[Donna Troy|Wonder Girl]] in ''Teen Titans'' #22 (July–Aug. 1969) which introduced the character's new costume.<ref>McAvennie "1960s" in Dolan, p. 134: "Four years after the debut of Wonder Girl, writer Marv Wolfman and artist Gil Kane disclosed her origins."</ref>

He briefly freelanced some [[Hulk]] stories in [[Marvel Comics]]' ''[[Tales to Astonish]]'', first under the pseudonym '''Scott Edward''' and then in his own name, defying the practice in which DC artists moonlighting at Marvel used pseudonyms.<ref>While working for DC, Kane (and other artists) began to moonlight at Marvel, and needed to conceal their identities. See: Ro, Ronin. ''Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee and the American Comic Book Revolution'', p. 92 (Bloomsbury, 2004); [http://www.comics.org/credit/name/scott%20edward/sort/chrono/ Scott Edward] at the [[Grand Comics Database]]; and {{cite web|author-link=Mark Evanier |last=Evanier |first=Mark |url=http://www.newsfromme.com/iaq/iaq05/ |title=Why did some artists working for Marvel in the sixties use phony names? |publisher=P.O.V. Online (column) |date=April 14, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091126083524/http://www.povonline.com/iaq/IAQ05.htm |archive-date=November 26, 2009 |access-date=July 28, 2008 |url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> He and writer/editor [[Stan Lee]] introduced the [[Abomination (character)|Abomination]] as an enemy of the Hulk in ''Tales to Astonish'' #90 (April 1967).<ref>{{cite book|last1 = DeFalco|first1 = Tom|author-link = Tom DeFalco|last2= Gilbert|first2= Laura, ed.|chapter= 1960s|title = Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History|publisher = [[Dorling Kindersley]]|year = 2008|location= London, United Kingdom
|page = 121|isbn =978-0756641238|quote= Stan Lee needed a villain who could stand up to the Hulk ... Working with artist Gil Kane, he proudly presented the Abomination.}}</ref> Kane also freelanced in the 1960s for [[Tower Comics]]' ''[[T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents]]'', a superhero/espionage title,<ref name="Lambiek">{{cite web |url= http://www.lambiek.net/artists/k/kane_gil.htm|title= Gil Kane|date= December 14, 2007|publisher= [[Lambiek|Lambiek Comiclopedia]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140106084815/http://www.lambiek.net/artists/k/kane_gil.htm|archive-date= January 6, 2014|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> as well as the "Tiger Boy" strip for [[Harvey Comics]]. Kane then found a home at Marvel, eventually becoming the regular penciller for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'', succeeding [[John Romita Sr.|John Romita]] in the early 1970s, and becoming the company's preeminent cover artist through that decade. Kane's first Spider-Man storyline culminated in the death of supporting character [[George Stacy]].<ref>{{cite book|last1 = Manning|first1 = Matthew K.|last2= Gilbert|first2= Laura, ed.|chapter= 1970s|title = Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging|publisher = [[Dorling Kindersley]]|year = 2012|location= London, United Kingdom
|page = 55|isbn = 978-0756692360}}</ref>

During that run, he and editor-writer Stan Lee produced in 1971 a three-issue story arc in ''The Amazing Spider-Man'' #96-98 (May–July 1971) that marked the first challenge to the industry's self-regulating [[Comics Code Authority]] since its inception in 1954. The Code forbade mention of drugs, even in a negative context. However, Lee and Kane created an anti-drug storyline conceived at the behest of the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services|U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare]], and upon not receiving Code Authority approval, Marvel published the issues without the Code seal on their covers.<ref>Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 56: Stan Lee skirted the system by tackling the controversial subject of drug abuse with the help of penciler Gil Kane.</ref> The comics met with such positive reception and high sales that the industry's self-censorship was undercut, and the Code soon afterward was revamped.<ref>{{cite book|last = Daniels|first = Les|author-link = Les Daniels|title = Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics|publisher = [[Abrams Books|Harry N. Abrams]]|year = 1991|location= New York, New York|pages = 152 and 154|isbn = 9780810938212|quote= "As a result of Marvel's successful stand, the Comics Code had begun to look just a little foolish. Some of its more ridiculous restrictions were abandoned because of Lee's decision."}}</ref> Another landmark in Kane's Spider-Man run was the arc "[[The Night Gwen Stacy Died]]" in issues #121–122 (June–July 1973), in which Spider-Man's girlfriend [[Gwen Stacy]], as well as the long-time villain [[Green Goblin]] were killed, an unusual occurrence at the time.<ref>Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 68:  "This story by writer Gerry Conway and penciler Gil Kane would go down in history as one of the most memorable events of Spider-Man's life."</ref>

With writer [[Roy Thomas]], Kane helped revise the Marvel Comics version of [[Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell)|Captain Marvel]],<ref>DeFalco "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 138: "Rick Jones ... became bonded to Captain Mar-Vell thanks to Roy Thomas and artist Gil Kane."</ref> and revamped a preexisting character as [[Adam Warlock]].<ref>[[Peter Sanderson|Sanderson, Peter]] "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 156: "Adam Warlock received his own bimonthly comic book in August [1972], written by Roy Thomas and pencilled by Gil Kane."</ref> Kane and Thomas co-created the [[martial arts]] superhero [[Iron Fist (character)|Iron Fist]],<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 165: "Marvel combined the superhero and martial arts genres when writer Roy Thomas and artist Gil Kane created Iron Fist in ''Marvel Premiere'' #15."</ref> and [[Morbius]].<ref>Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 59: "In the first issue of The Amazing Spider-Man to be written by someone other than Stan Lee ... Thomas also managed to introduce a major new player to Spidey's life – the scientifically created vampire known as Morbius."</ref> Kane and writer Gerry Conway transformed [[John Jameson (character)|John Jameson]], an incidental character in ''The Amazing Spider-Man'' series, into the Man-Wolf.<ref>Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 70: "The Man-Wolf, a major new threat to Spider-Man and his supporting cast, was introduced in a two-part tale that saw the werewolf terrorize J. Jonah Jameson."</ref>

Conway, Kane's collaborator on the death-of-Gwen-Stacy storyline and elsewhere, described Kane in 2009 as

{{blockquote|... a marvelous draftsman and an idiosyncratic storyteller. I quickly learned that working with him [[Marvel method|Marvel-style]] (that's when a writer gives the artist a plot and the artist breaks down the story, panel by panel and page by page) could sometimes result in lopsided storytelling; the first two-thirds of a story would be leisurely paced, and the last third would be hellbent-for-leather as Gil tried to make up for loose storytelling in the first half <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[sic]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>. So after doing a few stories with him in my usual loosely plotted style, I began giving him tighter plots, indicating where the story had to be by such-and-such a page. He seemed to prefer this, and I'm generally happier with the later stories we did together than the first few.<ref>[[Gerry Conway]] quoted in {{cite journal|last = Buchanan|first = Bruce|title = Morbius the Living Vampire|journal = [[Back Issue!]]|issue = 36|page = 31|publisher = [[TwoMorrows Publishing]]|date = October 2009|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref>}}

[[File:Blackmark paperback.JPG|thumb|Original 1971 Bantam paperback ''Blackmark'', an early example of the [[graphic novel]].]]

===Pioneering new formats===
Kane's side projects include two long works that he conceived, plotted and illustrated, with scripting by [[Archie Goodwin (comics)|Archie Goodwin]] (writing under the [[pseudonym]] of Robert Franklin): ''[[His Name Is... Savage]]'' (Adventure House Press, 1968), a self-published, 40-page, [[magazine]]-format comics novel; and ''[[Blackmark]]'' (1971), a [[science-fiction]]/[[sword-and-sorcery]] paperback published by [[Bantam Books]] and one of the earliest examples of the [[graphic novel]], a term not in general use at the time. [[Howard Chaykin]] served as Kane's assistant during the production of ''Blackmark'' and would call Kane "the most influential male" in his life.<ref>{{cite book|last = Greenberger|first = Robert|author-link = Robert Greenberger|title = The Art of Howard Chaykin |publisher = [[Dynamite Entertainment]]|year = 2012|location= Mount Laurel, New Jersey|pages = 25–26|isbn = 978-1606901694}}</ref>

===Later career===
During the 1970s and 1980s, Kane did character designs for various [[Hanna-Barbera]]<ref name="Lambiek" /> and [[Ruby-Spears Productions|Ruby-Spears]]<ref name=jkc21>{{cite journal|title= Gil Kane on Jack Kirby|url = http://twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/21kane.html|journal= Jack Kirby Collector |issue= 21|date= October 1998|publisher= TwoMorrows Publishing|location= Raleigh, North Carolina| access-date= March 16, 2013|archive-date= December 24, 2010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101224001208/http://twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/21kane.html|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> animated TV series including ''[[The Centurions (TV series)|The Centurions]]'' which he co-created with Jack Kirby. In 1974 he contributed to redesigning the obscure Marvel Comics character the Cat into [[Tigra]],<ref>{{cite journal|last = Cassell|first = Dewey|title = Talking About Tigra: From the Cat to Were-Woman|journal = Back Issue!|issue = 17|pages = 26–33|publisher = TwoMorrows Publishing|date = August 2006|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> and three years later created the newspaper [[daily comic strip]] ''[[Star Hawks]]'' with writer [[Ron Goulart]]. The strip, which ran through 1981,<ref name=brit /> was known for its experimental use of a two-tier format during the first years. During this decade he also illustrated paperback and record-album covers, drew model box art, and co-wrote, with [[John Jakes]], the 1980 novel ''Excalibur!''<ref name=guardian /> He drew the ''[[John Carter, Warlord of Mars]]'' series for Marvel beginning in June 1977.<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 179: "Writer Marv Wolfman and artists Gil Kane and Dave Cockrum produced ''John Carter, Warlord of Mars'', based on another Edgar Rice Burroughs' character."</ref>

In 1971, Kane met [[Greg (cartoonist)|Michel "Greg" Regnier]], then the editor of [[Bande dessinée|French-Belgian]] comics anthology [[Tintin (magazine)|Tintin]] Weekly. He ended up creating a [[science fiction]]/[[fantasy]] tale called ''Jason Drum'', about an [[astronaut]] stranded on a [[sword and sorcery]] world. The series debuted in Tintin weekly, making the cover of #202 (July 1979). Due to a medical emergency Kane reached out to [[Joe Staton]] to help with layouts and, starting with Tintin #205, uninked penciled pages were sent to France. Belgian artist Franz inked five pages of Kane’s pencils and pencilled and inked the last pages of the story himself (in #206 and 207 [Aug. ’78]). After his recovery, Kane lost contact with Tintin. In 2006 Kane´s friend [[Gary Groth]] and publisher at [[Fantagraphics]] discovered that Kane did evidently finish the Jason Drum project with 44 fully inked pages with dialogue. The project had never been published in English, but the original 27 page version assisted by Staton and Franz was published in some other languages including [[Swedish language|Swedish]] (as back-up in [[Lee Falk]]'s [[The Phantom]] in 1980).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://issuu.com/twomorrows/docs/comicbookcreator11preview/15|title = Comic Book Creator #11 by TwoMorrows Publishing – Issuu| date=February 9, 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hillen661.eklablog.com/jason-drum-gil-kane-p1188130|title = Jason Drum : Gil Kane}}</ref>

Kane was one of the artists on the double-sized ''[[Justice League of America]]'' #200 (March 1982),<ref>{{cite journal|last = Sanderson|first = Peter |author-link = Peter Sanderson|title = ''Justice League'' #200 All-Star Affair|journal = Comics Feature|issue = 12/13<!-- This was a double issue hence the #12/13 issue number-->|page = 17|publisher = [[New Media/Irjax|New Media Publishing]]|date = September–October 1981}}</ref> and had a brief run on ''The [[Micronauts (comics)|Micronauts]]'' series in 1982.<ref>{{cite journal|last= Lantz|first= James Heath|title= Inner-Space Opera: A Look at Marvel's Micronauts Comics|journal= Back Issue!|issue= 76|pages= 48|publisher= TwoMorrows Publishing|date= October 2014|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> In the early 1980s, he shared regular art duties on the Superman feature in ''[[Action Comics]]'' with [[Curt Swan]] and contributed to the 1988 [[Superman (TV series)|''Superman'' animated TV series]].<ref name="Lambiek" /> The [[Brainiac (character)|Brainiac]] character, a nemesis of Superman, was revised by Kane and Marv Wolfman in ''Action Comics'' #544 (June 1983).<ref>Manning, Matthew K. "1980s" in Dolan, p. 202: "[Brainiac] got a complete wardrobe and powers makeover in this double-sized special ... writer Marv Wolfman and artist Gil Kane chronicled Brainiac's evolution into robot form."</ref> He was one of the contributors to the ''[[DC Challenge]]'' limited series in 1986.<ref>{{cite journal|last= Greenberger|first= Robert|title= It Sounded Like a Good Idea at the Time: A Look at the ''DC Challenge!''|journal= Back Issue!|issue= 98|pages= 37–38|publisher= TwoMorrows Publishing|date= August 2017|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> Kane was the artist on the early [[Green Lantern]] serial in the short-lived anthology ''[[Action Comics]] Weekly'' from issues #601–605 with writer [[James Owsley]],<ref>{{cite journal|last= Martin|first= Brian|title= Where the ''Action'' is ... Weekly|journal= Back Issue!|issue= 98|pages= 62|publisher= TwoMorrows Publishing|date= August 2017|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> and illustrated the [[Nightwing]] cover for issue #627 in 1988. He returned to drawing the Atom in the ''Sword of the Atom'' limited series, a collaboration with writer [[Jan Strnad]].<ref>{{cite journal|last = Trumbull|first = John|title = Swords, Sorcery, and Size-Changing: ''Sword of the Atom''
|journal = Back Issue!|issue = 76|pages = 33–39|publisher = TwoMorrows Publishing|date = October 2014|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> In 1989–1990 Kane illustrated a comic-book adaptation of [[Richard Wagner]]'s mythological opera epic ''[[The Ring of the Nibelung]]''.<ref name=brit>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/713342/Gil-Kane |title=Kane, Gil: American artist, Eli Katz|encyclopedia= Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year, 2001| publisher=Britannica.com |access-date= March 21, 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090211065201/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/713342/Gil-Kane | archive-date= February 11, 2009}}</ref>

During the following decade, Kane drew for publishers including [[Topps Comics]], for which he illustrated a miniseries adaptation of the film ''[[Jurassic Park (film)|Jurassic Park]]''; [[Malibu Comics]], for which he and writer [[Steven Grant]] created the superhero Edge for a 1994–95 miniseries; [[Awesome Entertainment]], in which he illustrated [[Alan Moore]]'s four-page Kid Thunder story "Judgment Day: 1868" in ''Judgment Day Alpha'' #1 (June 1997); and DC, for which he drew several Superman stories. He was one of the many creators who contributed to the ''[[Superman: The Wedding Album]]'' one-shot wherein the title character married [[Lois Lane]].<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 275: " The behind-the-scenes talent on the monumental issue appropriately spanned several generations of the Man of Tomorrow's career.  Written by Dan Jurgens, Karl Kesel, David Michelinie, Louise Simonson, and Roger Stern, the one-shot featured the pencils of John Byrne, Gil Kane, Stuart Immonen, Paul Ryan, Jon Bogdanove, Kieron Dwyer, Tom Grummett, Dick Giordano, Jim Mooney, Curt Swan, Nick Cardy, Al Plastino, Barry Kitson, Ron Frenz, and Dan Jurgens."</ref> He and his former apprentice Howard Chaykin worked together again on a three-part story for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' #24–26 (Nov. 1991 – Jan. 1992)<ref>Greenberger (2012) p. 131: "Chaykin signed on to write a three-part ''Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight'' arc for DC in 1991, which marked his first work with Gil Kane since Chaykin apprenticed with him nearly 20 years earlier."</ref> and the ''Superman: Distant Fires'' one-shot (1998).<ref>Greenberger (2012) p. 141: "Another Chaykin Elseworlds project arrived in 1998: ''Superman: Distant Fires'', illustrated by Gil Kane and Kevin Nowlan."</ref>

Kane collaborated with writer [[Mark Waid]] on ''The Life Story of the Flash'' graphic novel.<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 281: "Writers Mark Waid and Brian Augustyn, with illustrators Gil Kane, Joe Staton, and Tom Palmer, recounted the life and times of the Silver Age Flash Barry Allen in this ninety-six-page hardcover."</ref> As well during that decade, he designed the set of the 1997 [[Santa Monica Playhouse]] production of the play ''[[Lovely!]]''.<ref name=latimesobit>{{cite news | url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-feb-02-mn-60210-story.html | title = Gil Kane; Innovative Comic Book Artist|last =Oliver|first= Myrna|work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = February 2, 2000 | access-date = March 9, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130309221325/http://articles.latimes.com/2000/feb/02/news/mn-60210|archive-date = March 9, 2013|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

Though his last full comic during his lifetime was Awesome's 40-page ''Judgment Day: Aftermath'' #1 (March 1998) — written by Moore and featuring the characters and teams [[Glory (comics)|Glory]], [[Spacehunter]], [[Youngblood (comics)|Youngblood]] and others in individual tales — his final narrative works, all for DC, were penciling the two-page "Antibiotics: The Killers That Save Lives" in ''Celebrate the Century: Super Heroes Stamp Album'' #5 (1999); portions of seven pages and the cover, all shared with humor artist [[Sergio Aragonés]], of DC's ''[[Fanboy (comics)|Fanboy]]'' #2 (April 1999); and a two-page pastiche of 1970s [[Hostess Brands|Hostess]] Fruit Pie superhero ads, "The Star Sheriffs", in ''[[Green Lantern (comic book)|Green Lantern]] [[Secret Files and Origins]]'' #2 (Sept. 1999). His last published comics art during his lifetime was a one-page illustration in [[Dark Horse Comics]]' ''[[Sin City]]: [[Hell and Back (comics)|Hell and Back]]'' #4 (Oct. 1999).<ref name=gcd /> Posthumously published was his final completed work, the two-issue Green Lantern / [[Atom (Ray Palmer)|Atom]] story in ''[[Legends of the DC Universe]]'' #28–29 (May–June 2000); and four years later, the final issue, drawn in the mid-1990s, of Malibu's planned four-issue miniseries ''Edge'', as part of the [[Byron Preiss|iBooks]] hardcover collection ''The Last Heroes''.<ref name=gcd /><ref>{{cite web |title=The Last Heroes [Ibooks] |url=https://www.book-info.com/isbn/0-7434-9321-4.htm |website=bookinfo.com |access-date=20 July 2024}}</ref>

==Death and legacy==
He remained active as an artist until his death on January 31, 2000, in [[Miami]], Florida from complications of [[lymphoma]].<ref name=NewYorkTimes/> He was survived by his second wife, Elaine;<ref name=space>{{cite web|last=Janulewicz| first=Tom | url=http://www.space.com/sciencefiction/gil_kane_000201.html | title=Gil Kane, Space-Age Comic Book Artist, Dies | publisher= Space.com | date=February 1, 2000 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090207181003/http://www.space.com/sciencefiction/gil_kane_000201.html | archive-date= February 7, 2009}}</ref><ref>"[[Bullpen Bulletins]]", Marvel Comics cover-dated December 1974.</ref> as well as a son and two stepchildren,<ref name=guardian>{{cite news|title=Gil Kane: Illustrator who revived America's comic heroes |first=Steve |last=Holland |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London, United Kingdom |date=February 3, 2000 |access-date=March 16, 2013 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/feb/04/guardianobituaries |archive-date=March 17, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317003011/http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2000/feb/04/guardianobituaries|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Scott, Eric and Beverly.<ref name=NewYorkTimes/> For a time the family lived in [[Wilton, Connecticut]],<ref name=ncsbio /> where he was drama chairman of the Wilton Arts Council.<ref>{{cite news| url = http://www.fultonhistory.com/Process%20small/Newspapers/Newspapers%20%20Out%20of%20NY/Wilton%20CT.%20Bulletin/Wilton%20CT%20%20Bulletin%201981%20Grayscale/Wilton%20CT%20%20Bulletin%201981%20Grayscale%20-%200453.pdf | title= Artists Will Join 'Chalk Talk' to Open Stan Drake Exhibit| work=The Wilton Bulletin | location = Wilton, Connecticut | date = March 25, 1981|df=mdy-all|access-date= October 15, 2015}}</ref> His final home was [[Aventura, Florida]].<ref name=NewYorkTimes />

An homage to Kane and to writer [[John Broome (writer)|John Broome]] appears in ''In Darkest Night'', a [[novelization]] of the [[Justice League (animated series)|''Justice League'' animated series]]. The book refers to the Kane/Broome Institute for Space Studies in [[Coast City]].<ref>{{cite book|last = Friedman|first = Michael Jan|author-link = Michael Jan Friedman|title = In Darkest Night|publisher = [[Bantam Books]]|year = 2002|location = New York, New York|pages = [https://archive.org/details/indarkestnight00frie/page/144 144]|isbn = 978-0553487718|url-access = registration|url = https://archive.org/details/indarkestnight00frie/page/144}}</ref> Writer [[Alan Moore]] made Kane a character in [[Awesome Comics]]' ''[[Judgment Day (Awesome Comics)|Judgment Day: Aftermath]]'', which Kane illustrated.<ref name=latimesobit />

While he was alive, Kane was made [[List of comics creators appearing in comics|the lead character]] in writer [[Mike Friedrich]]'s story "His Name Is... Kane" (a play on Kane's ''[[His Name Is... Savage]]'') in [[DC Comics]]' [[supernatural]] anthology ''[[House of Mystery]]'' #180 (June 1969). In the six-and-a-half-page tale, penciled by Kane and inked by [[Wally Wood]], frustrated comic-book artist Gil Kane kills his ''House of Mystery'' editor, [[Joe Orlando]]. Orlando, also an artist, and Friedrich exact revenge by drawing Kane into artwork that is then framed and mounted in the house.<ref>[http://www.comics.org/issue/22700/#160251 "His Name Is... Kane"] at the Grand Comics Database</ref><ref>Levitz "The Silver Age 1956–1970", pp. 300–301: "It's said that many comics artists ... tend to draw characters that resemble themselves ... and here Kane is perfectly justified"</ref>

Kane's work has been extensively reprinted. Marvel Comics released ''Marvel Visionaries Gil Kane'' in 2002<ref>{{cite book|title = Marvel Visionaries Gil Kane|publisher = Marvel Comics|year = 2002|pages = 256|isbn = 978-0785108887}}</ref> and DC Comics published ''Adventures of Superman: Gil Kane'' in 2013.<ref>{{cite book|title = Adventures of Superman: Gil Kane|publisher = DC Comics|year = 2013|pages = 392|isbn = 978-1401236748}}</ref> [[IDW Publishing]] released an "artist's edition", a reproduction of the original art, of Kane's Spider-Man work in 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=39782|title= CCI: IDW To Release Gil Kane's ''The Amazing Spider-Man'' Artist's Edition|date= July 13, 2012|publisher= Comic Book Resources|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120715043826/http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=39782|archive-date= July 15, 2012|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}} Archive requires scrolldown</ref><ref>{{cite book|title = Gil Kane's the Amazing Spider-Man Artists Edition|publisher = [[IDW Publishing]]|year = 2012|isbn = 978-1613775257}}</ref>

==Awards and exhibitions==
Kane received numerous awards over the years, including the 1971, 1972, and 1975 [[National Cartoonists Society]] Awards for Comic Books: Story, and the group's "Newspaper Strip: Story Strip Award" for 1977 for ''Star Hawks''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuben.org/ncs-awards/division-awards/#comic |title=NCS Awards > Division Awards |publisher=[[National Cartoonists Society]] |access-date=April 18, 2013 |archive-date=April 18, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418223749/http://www.reuben.org/ncs-awards/division-awards/ |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

He also received the comic book industry's [[Shazam Award]] for Special Recognition in 1971 "for ''[[Blackmark]]'', his paperback comics novel" and was given an [[Inkpot Award]] in 1975.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/inkpot.php|title= Inkpot Award Winners|publisher= Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120709055558/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/inkpot.php|archive-date= July 9, 2012|url-status= dead|df= mdy-all|access-date= September 25, 2016}}</ref> Kane was named to both the [[Eisner Award]] Hall of Fame<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/eisner97.php |title=1997 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees and Winners |publisher=Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac |editor-first=Joel |editor-last=Hahn |access-date=April 18, 2013 |archive-date=November 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102132937/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/eisner |url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> and the [[Harvey Award]] Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1997.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/harvey97.php|title= 1997 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners|editor-first= Joel|editor-last= Hahn|publisher= Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131005005310/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/harvey97.php|archive-date= October 5, 2013|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

Work by Kane was part of the 1995 [[Muckenthaler Cultural Center]] exhibit "KAPOW: A Showcase of Superheroes", in [[Fullerton, California]].<ref name=latimesobit />

==Bibliography==

===Adventure House Press===
*''[[His Name Is... Savage]]'' (1968)

===DC Comics===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*''[[Action Comics]]'' ([[Superman]]) #539–541, 544–546, 551–554, 642 (four pages only), 715; ([[Green Lantern]]) #601–605, ([[Nightwing]] cover art) #627 (1983–95)
*''[[Adventure Comics]]'' #92–99, 101–102, 425 (1944–46, 1972)
*''[[Rex the Wonder Dog|Adventures of Rex the Wonder Dog]]'' #3–46 (1952–59)
*''[[Men of War (comics)|All-American Men of War]]'' #12 (1954)
*''[[All-American Comics|All-American Western]]'' #107–108, 114–115, 117–126 (1949–52)
*''[[All Star Comics]]'' #53 (1950)
*''[[All-Star Western]]'' #58–75, 80–119 (1951–61)
*''All-Star Western'' vol. 2 #3–4, 6, 8 (1970–71)
*''[[Atari Force]]'' #3, 5 (1982–83)
*''[[Atom (Ray Palmer)|Atom]]'' #1–37 (1962–68)
*''[[Batman (comic book)|Batman]]'' #208 (1969)
*''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' #24–26 (1991–92)
*''[[Ted Kord|Blue Beetle]]'' #22 (1988)
*''[[Blue Devil (DC Comics)|Blue Devil]]'' #7 (1984)
*''[[Boy Commandos]]'' #30–31, 35 (1948–49)
*''[[Captain Action]]'' #2–5 (1968–69)
*''[[DC Challenge]]'' #4 (1986)
*''[[DC Comics Presents]]'' ([[Johnny Thunder#John Tane|Johnny Thunder]]) #28; ([[Rex the Wonder Dog]]) #35; (Superman and [[Captain Marvel (DC Comics)|Shazam!]]) ''Annual'' #3 (1980–84)
*''[[Detective Comics]]'' ([[Batman]] and [[Dick Grayson|Robin]]) #371, 374; ([[Elongated Man]]) #368, 370, 372–373; ([[Barbara Gordon|Batgirl]]) #384–385, 388–389, 392–393, 396, 401, 406–407; (Robin) #390–391, 394, 398–399, 402–403; ([[Catwoman]]) #520 (1967–82)
*''[[Doomsday (DC Comics)|Doomsday]] Annual'' #1 (1995)
*''Falling in Love'' #3, 5, 32, 70, 73 (1956–65)
*''[[Fanboy (comics)|Fanboy]]'' #2 (1999)
*''[[The Flash (comic book)|The Flash]]'' #195, 197–199 (1970)
*''[[Forbidden Tales of Dark Mansion]]'' #13 (1973)
*''[[Girls' Love Stories]]'' #32 (1954) 
*''[[Girls' Romances]]'' #25, 29, 107 (1954–65) 
*''[[Green Lantern (comic book)|Green Lantern]]'', vol. 2, #1–61, 68–75, 156; (Green Lantern Corps) #177 (1960–70, 1982–84)
*''[[Green Lantern Corps]]'' #223–224 (1988)
*''Green Lantern [[Secret Files and Origins]]'' #2 (1999)
*''[[Hawk and Dove#Hank Hall and Don Hall|Hawk and the Dove]]'' #3–6 (1968–69)
*''[[Hopalong Cassidy]]'' #123–135 (1957–59)
*''[[House of Mystery]]'' #180, 184, 196, 253, 300 (1969–82)
*''[[House of Secrets (DC Comics)|House of Secrets]]'' #85 (1970)
*''[[Jimmy Wakely]]'' #6–11, 15–18 (1950–52)
*''[[Justice League|Justice League of America]]'' #200 (six-pages only)(1982)
*''Legends of the DC Universe'' (Green Lantern and the Atom) #28–29 (2000)
*''Life Story of the Flash'' HC (1997)
*''[[Metal Men]]'' #30–31 (1968)
*''[[Mr. District Attorney]]'' #15 (1950)
*''[[Mystery in Space]]'' #3–5, 12–16, 18–43, 47, 50, 53–54, 56, 59–61, 67, 100–102 (1951–61, 1965)
*''[[Our Army at War]]'' #1, 3 (1952)
*''[[Plastic Man]]'' #1 (1966)
*''[[Power of Shazam!]]'' #14, 19 (this issue with [[Joe Staton]]) (1996)
*''[[Der Ring des Nibelungen|Ring of the Nibelung]]'' #1–4 (miniseries) (1990)
*''[[Secret Hearts]]'' #22, 35, 95 (1954–64)
*''[[Secret Origins]]'' vol. 2 (Blue Beetle) #2; ([[Midnight (DC Comics)|Midnight]]) #28 (1986–88)
*''[[Sensation Comics]]'' #70–74, 89 ([[Wildcat (DC Comics)|Wildcat]]);  #101, 103–106 (Astra); #109 (1947–52)
*''Sensation Mystery'' #115 (1953) 
*''[[Showcase (comics)|Showcase]]'' (Green Lantern) #22–24; (the Atom) #34–36 (1959–62)
*''[[Star-Spangled Comics]]'' #31–32 (1944)
*''[[Star Spangled War Stories]]'' #55, 169 (1957–73)
*''[[Static (DC Comics)|Static]]'' #31 (1996)
*''[[Strange Adventures]]'' #7–8, 11, 16, 25–29, 31, 35–81, 83, 106, 108, 113, 124–125, 130, 138, 146, 148, 151, 153–154, 15, 159, 173–174, 176, 179, 182, 184–186; ([[Adam Strange]]) #222 (1951–70)
*''Super DC Giant'' #S-15 (1970)
*''New Adventures of [[Superboy (comic book)]]'' (covers only) 32, 33, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43–49 (1982–84)
*''[[Superman (comic book)|Superman]]'' (Fabulous World of [[Krypton (comics)|Krypton]]) #367, 375; (Superman 2021) #372 (1982)
*''[[Superman vol. 2|Superman]]'' vol. 2 #99, 101–103 (1995)
*''Superman: Blood of My Ancestors'' (with [[John Buscema]]) (2003, posthumous)
*''Superman: Distant Fires'' (1998)
*''Superman Special'' #1–2 (1983–84)
*''[[Superman: The Wedding Album]]'' (among other artists) (1996)
*''Sword of the Atom'' #1–4 (miniseries), ''Special'' #1–2 (1983–85)
*''Tales of the Green Lantern Corps Annual'' #1 (1985)
*''[[Tales of the Unexpected (comics)|Tales of the Unexpected]]'' #88 (1965)
*''Talos of the Wilderness Sea'' (1987)
*''[[Teen Titans]]'' #19, 22–24 (1969)
*''Teen Titans'' vol. 2 #12 (1997)
*''[[Time Warp (comics)|Time Warp]]'' #2 (1979)
*''[[Vigilante (character)|Vigilante]]'' #12–13 (1984)
*''[[Weird Mystery Tales]]'' #10 (1974)
*''[[Weird Western Tales]]'' #15, 20 (1972–73)
*''[[Western Comics]]'' #44–76 ([[Nighthawk (DC Comics)|Nighthawk]]); #77–85 (Matt Savage) (1954–61)
*''[[The Witching Hour (DC Comics)|Witching Hour]]'' #12 (1970)
*''[[World's Finest Comics]]'' ([[Green Arrow]] and [[Black Canary]]) #282–283; (Captain Marvel) #282 (1982)
*''[[Young Romance]]'' #175 (1971)
{{div col end}}

===Le Lombard===
* ''[[Tintin (magazine)]]'' (Jason Drum) #202 – 205  (1979)

===Malibu Comics===
*''Edge'' #1–3 (1994)

===Marvel Comics===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*''[[Adventure into Fear]]'' ([[Morbius]]) #21 (1974)
*''Adventures into Terror'' #13, 17, 21 (1952–1953) 
*''Adventures into Weird Worlds'' #12 (1952) 
*''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' #89–92, 96–105, 120–124, 150; ''Annual'' #10, 24 (1970–76, 1990)
*''[[Astonishing Tales]]'' (Ka-Zar) #11, 15 (1972)
*''[[Captain America (comic book)|Captain America]]'' #145 (with [[John Romita Sr.]]) (1972)
*''[[Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell)|Captain Marvel]]'' #17–21 (1969–70)
*''[[Conan the Barbarian (comics)|Conan the Barbarian]]'' #12, 17–18, 127–134, ''Annual'' #6; ''Giant-Size'' #1–4 (1971–1982)
*''[[Creatures on the Loose]]'' ([[Lieut. Gullivar Jones: His Vacation|Gullivar Jones]]) #16–17 (1972)
*''[[Daredevil (Marvel Comics series)|Daredevil]]'' #141, 146–148, 151 (1977–78)
*''[[Deadly Hands of Kung Fu]]'' ([[Sons of the Tiger]]) #23 (1976)
*''[[Ghost Rider (comic book)|Ghost Rider]]'' #21 (1976)
*''[[The Defenders (comic book)|Giant-Size Defenders]]'' #2 (1974)
*''Giant-Size Super-Heroes'' #1 ([[Spider-Man]], the [[John Jameson (character)|Man-Wolf]], and Morbius) (1974)
*''Girl Confessions'' #31 (1952)
*''[[Inhumans]]'' #5–7 (1976)
*''The Invincible Iron Man'' #43–50 (1972)
*''[[John Carter, Warlord of Mars]]'' #1–10 (1977–78)
*''[[Journey into Mystery]]'', vol. 2, #1–2 (1972)
*''[[Jungle Action]]'', vol. 2 ([[Black Panther (character)|Black Panther]]) #9 (1974)
*''[[Ka-Zar (Kevin Plunder)|Ka-Zar the Savage]]'' #11–12, 14 ([[Zabu]] backup stories) (1982)
* ''[[Kull of Atlantis|Kull and the Barbarians]]'' #2 (1975) 
* ''[[Lovers (comic book)|Lovers]]'' #58 (1954) 
*''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' ([[Two-Gun Kid]]) #116 (1992)
*''[[Marvel Fanfare]]'' ([[Mowgli]]) #9-11 (1983)
*''Marvel: Heroes & Legends'' #2 (1997)
*''[[Marvel Premiere]]'' ([[Adam Warlock]]) #1–2; ([[Iron Fist (character)|Iron Fist]]) #15 (1972–74)
*''[[Marvel Preview]]'' ([[Blackmark]]) #17 (1978)
*''[[Marvel Tales (1949–1957)|Marvel Tales]]'' #117 (1953)
*''[[Marvel Team-Up]]'' (Spider-Man team-ups) #4–6, 13–14, 16–19, 23 (1972–74)
*''[[Marvel Two-in-One]]'' ([[Thing (comics)|The Thing]] team-ups) #1–2 (1974)
*''Men's Adventures'' #21 (1953)
*''[[Micronauts (comics)|Micronauts]]'' #38, 40–45 (1982)
*''[[Monsters Unleashed (comics)|Monsters Unleashed]]'' #3 (1973)
*''[[My Own Romance]]'' #27 (1953) 
* ''[[Mystic Comics|Mystic]]'' #8, 24 (1952–53) 
* ''[[New Warriors]] Annual'' #4 (1994) 
*''[[Savage Sword of Conan]]'' #1–4, 8, 47, 63–65, 67, 85–86 (1974–83)
*''[[Savage Tales]]'' ([[Conan (Marvel Comics)|Conan]]) #4 (with [[Neal Adams]]) (1974)
*''[[Scarlet Spider (comic book)|Scarlet Spider]]'' #1 (1995)
*''[[Peter Parker: Spider-Man|Spider-Man]]'' #63 (1995)
*''[[Star Trek (comics)|Star Trek]]'' #15 (1981)
*''[[Supernatural Thrillers]]'' #3 (1973) 
*''Suspense'' #14 (1952) 
*''[[Tales of Suspense]]'' ([[Captain America]]) #88–91 (1967)
*''[[Tales to Astonish]]'' ([[Hulk]]) #76, 88–91 (1966–67)
*''[[Thor (Marvel Comics)|Thor]]'' #318 (1982)
*''[[Vampire Tales]]'' (Morbius, the Living Vampire) #5 (1974)
*''War Comics'' #19 (1953)
*''[[Adam Warlock|Warlock]]'' #1–5 (1972–73)
*''[[Web of Spider-Man]] Annual'' #6 (1990)
*''[[Werewolf by Night]]'' #11–12 (1973)
*''[[What If (comics)|What If?]]'' ([[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]]) #3, (Spider-Man) #24 (1977–80)
*''[[Worlds Unknown]]'' #1–2 (1973) 
*''[[Young Allies (Marvel Comics)|Young Allies]]'' #11 (1944)
{{div col end}}

===Quality Comics===
* ''[[Doll Man]]'' #19 (1948)

===Tower Comics===
* ''Noman'' #1 (1966) 
* ''[[T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents]]'' #1, 5, 14, 16 (1965–67)

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book | last = Herman | first= Daniel | title = Gil Kane: The Art of the Comics | publisher = Hermes Press | location = [[Neshannock Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania]]| year = 2001 | isbn = 0-9710311-2-6}}
*{{cite book | last = Herman | first= Daniel | title = Gil Kane Art and Interviews  | publisher = Hermes Press | location = Neshannock, Pennsylvania | year = 2002 | isbn = 978-0-9710311-6-6}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Biography}}
*{{cite web | title=Gil Kane Index | editor-first = Ramon | editor-last = Schenk | url = http://www.ramonschenk.nl/gilkane/gilkanechecklist.htm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050920075707/http://www.ramonschenk.nl/gilkane/gilkanechecklist.htm | archive-date = September 20, 2005|df=mdy-all}}
*{{comicbookdb|type=creator|id= 110|title= Gil Kane}}
*{{IMDb name|0437314}}
*[http://www.mikesamazingworld.com/mikes/features/creator.php?creatorid=7 Gil Kane] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404203657/http://www.mikesamazingworld.com/mikes/features/creator.php?creatorid=7 |date=April 4, 2023 }} at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
*[http://www.maelmill-insi.de/UHBMCC/namk2.htm#N398 Gil Kane] at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators

{{s-start}}
{{succession box |title=''[[Strange Adventures]]'' artist| before=[[Curt Swan]]|after=[[Howard Purcell]]|years=1951–1966}}
{{succession box |title=''[[Mystery in Space]]'' artist| before=[[Carmine Infantino]]|after=Carmine Infantino|years=1951–1961}}
{{succession box |title=''[[Green Lantern (comic book)|Green Lantern]]'' artist|before=n/a|after=[[Neal Adams]]|years=1960–1970}}
{{succession box |title=''[[Atom (Ray Palmer)|The Atom]]'' artist| before=n/a|after=[[Mike Sekowsky]]|years=1962–1968}}
{{succession box |title=''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' artist| before=[[John Romita Sr.]]|after=John Romita Sr.|years=1970–1972}}
{{end}}

{{Atom (comics)}}
{{Green Lantern}}
{{Iron Fist}}
{{Inkpot Award 1970s}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kane, Gil}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
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[[Category:American comics artists]]
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