Editing Gomel region

{{Short description|Region of Belarus}}
{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Gomel region
|other_name = 
|native_name = {{native name|be|Гомельская вобласць|italics=off}}<br/>{{native name|ru|Гомельская область|italics=off}}
|native_name_lang = 
|image_flag = Flag of Homyel Voblast.svg
|image_shield = Coat of arms of Homyel Voblast.svg
|shield_size = 75
|flag_size = 150
|image_skyline = <!-- images and maps  -----------> {{multiple image
| border                   = infobox
| perrow            = 1/2/2/2/2
| total_width       = 250
| image1 = Роща на Туровском лугу.jpg
| image2 = Жлобінскія замалёўкі (08).jpg
| image3 = Палацава-паркавы комплекс Козелаў-Паклеўскіх, Красны Бераг.jpg
| image4 = На стыке трех стран - panoramio.jpg
| image5 = Палацава-паркавы комплекс ў Гомелі. Сабор і капліца.jpg
| footer = From the top to bottom-right: Turovsky Meadow, [[Žlobin|Žlobin Holy Trinity Church]], Kozieł-Pakleŭski Manor, [[Senkivka (border checkpoint)|Three Sisters Monument]], [[Ivan Paskevich|Paskevich Burial Vault]]}}
|imagesize = 
|image_caption = 
|image_map = Homiel Voblast in Belarus.svg
|mapsize = 
|settlement_type = [[Regions of Belarus|Region]]
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Belarus]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative center]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Gomel]]
|subdivision_type2  = [[List of cities and largest towns in Belarus|Largest cities]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Gomel]] – 481,200<br/> [[Mazyr]] – 111,800<br/> [[Zhlobin]] – 72,800
|subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Belarus|District]]s
|subdivision_name3 = 21<br/> Cities – 17<br/> Urban localities – 278<br/> Villages – 2,608
|subdivision_type4 = City districts 
|subdivision_name4 = 4
|subdivision_type5 = 
|subdivision_name5 = 
|latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS= 
|longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW=
|area_total_km2 = 40361.66
| demographics_type1       = GDP
| demographics1_footnotes  = <ref>{{Cite web|title= Gross domestic product and gross regional product by regions and Minsk city in 2023|url= https://www.belstat.gov.by/upload-belstat/upload-belstat-excel/Oficial_statistika/2023/GDP_GRP-2312.xlsx|website=www.belstat.gov.by}}</ref>
|demographics1_title1     = Total
|demographics1_info1      = [[belarusian ruble|BYN]] 25.6 billion<br />(€7.2 billion)
| demographics1_title2     = Per capita
|demographics1_info2      = BYN 18,500<br />(€5,200)<!-- BYN 25.6 billion / 1,380,000 = BYN 18,500 (€5,200) -->
|population_total =1338617
|population_as_of = 2024
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402055418/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|archive-date=2 April 2024|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=6 May 2024}}</ref>
|elevation_max_m =  
|elevation_min_m = 
|elevation_footnotes = 
|image_dot_map = 
|dot_x = |dot_y = 
|postal_code_type = 
|postal_code = 
|area_code = 
|leader_title = Chairman
|leader_name = [[Ivan Krupko]]
|iso_code = BY-HO
|blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022)
|blank_info_sec2 = 0.801<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/BLR/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0|access-date=|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en}}</ref><br/>{{color|green|very high}} · [[List of regions of Belarus by Human Development Index|2th]]
|website = [http://www.gomel-region.by www.gomel-region.by]
|module = {{Maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=center|plain=y|frame-width=255|frame-height=255|zoom=6|frame-lat=52.3|frame-long=29.3|type=shape-inverse|stroke-width=1|stroke-color=#333333|id=Q188732|title=Gomel Region}}
}}

'''Gomel region''', also known as '''Gomel oblast'''{{efn|{{langx|ru|Гомельская область|Gomelskaya oblast'}}.}} or '''Homyel voblasts''',{{efn|{{langx|be|Гомельская вобласць|Homieĺskaja voblasć}}.}} is one of the [[regions of Belarus]]. Its [[administrative center]] is [[Gomel]]. The total area of the region is {{convert|40400|km2}}. As of 2024, it had a population of 1,338,617.<ref name="pop"/>

Its largest settlements include [[Gomel]], [[Mazyr]], [[Zhlobin]], [[Svyetlahorsk]], [[Rechytsa]], [[Kalinkavichy]], [[Rahachow]] and [[Dobrush]].

Both Gomel region and [[Mogilev region]] suffered severely from the [[Chernobyl disaster]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chernobyl_radiation_map_1996.svg|title = English: Chernobyl radiation map from CIA handbook, SVG'd by User:Sting, and re-anglified by me (To the same strange names used in the original)}}</ref> Gomel Province borders the [[Chernobyl Exclusion Zone]] in places, and parts of it have been designated as mandatory or voluntary resettlement areas as a result of the [[radioactive contamination]].<ref>{{Cite book
| publisher = CRC Press
| isbn = 9780750306706
| last = Mould
| first = Richard Francis
| title = Chernobyl Record: The Definitive History of the Chernobyl Catastrophe
| date = 2000-05-01
}}</ref>

==Administrative territorial entities==
Gomel region comprises 21 [[districts of Belarus|districts]] and 2 city municipalities. The districts have 278 [[selsovets]], and 17 cities and towns.

=== Districts of Gomel region===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Aktsyabrski district]]
* [[Brahin district]]
* [[Buda-Kashalyova district]]
* [[Chachersk district]]
* [[Dobrush district]]
* [[Gomel district]] 
* [[Kalinkavichy district]]
* [[Karma district]]
* [[Khoiniki district]]
* [[Lyelchytsy district]]
* [[Loyew district]]
* [[Mazyr district]]
* [[Narowlya district]]
* [[Pyetrykaw district]]
* [[Rahachow district]]
* [[Rechytsa district]]
* [[Svyetlahorsk district]]
* [[Vyetka district]]
* [[Yelsk district]]
* [[Zhlobin district]]
* [[Zhytkavichy district]]
{{div col end}}

===Cities and towns===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! English
! Belarusian
! Pop. (2023)<ref name="2023pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/publications/izdania/public_bulletin/index_67469/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2023 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2022 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417144107/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/publications/izdania/public_bulletin/index_67469/|archive-date=17 April 2023|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=5 August 2023}}</ref>
|-
| [[Gomel]] || Гомель || 501,802
|-
| [[Mazyr]] || Мазыр || 105,321
|-
| [[Zhlobin]] || Жлобін || 77,049
|-
| [[Rechytsa]] || Рэчыца || 65,423
|-
| [[Svyetlahorsk]] || Светлагорск || 63,202
|-
| [[Kalinkavichy]] || Калінкавічы || 37,050
|-
| [[Rahachow]] || Рагачоў || 32,029
|-
| [[Dobrush]] || Добруш || 18,137
|-
| [[Zhytkavichy]] || Жыткавічы || 15,961
|-
| [[Khoyniki]] || Хойнікі || 13,248
|-
| [[Pyetrykaw]] || Петрыкаў || 10,303
|-
| [[Chachersk]] || Чачэрск || 8,885
|-
| [[Yelsk, Belarus|Yelsk]] || Ельск || 8,864
|-
| [[Vyetka]] || Ветка || 8,625
|-
| [[Buda-Kashalyova]] || Буда-Кашалёва || 8,618
|-
| [[Narowlya]] || Нароўля || 8,352
|-
| [[Brahin, Belarus|Brahin]] || Брагін || 4,546
|-
| [[Vasilyevichy]] || Васілевічы || 3,285
|-
| [[Turov, Belarus|Turov]] || Тураў || 2,766
|}

==Geography==
[[File:Svetlahorsk Berezina river BY.jpg|thumb|225px|right|The frozen Biarezina River in Svyetlahorsk]]
[[Pripyatsky National Park]] covers 2% of the territory of the region. Eleven wildlife preserves of national importance cover 2.1% of the region.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/resources/culture-and-arts/297-nature-reserves-and-national-parks-wildlife-preserves-and-nature-sanctuaries.html |title = Nature reserves and national parks, wildlife preserves and nature sanctuaries |publisher = Data of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Belarus |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 29 November 2013 }}</ref>

The southernmost point of [[Belarus]] is located in Gomel region, on the [[Dnieper|Dnieper River]] to the south of the urban-type settlement of [[Kamaryn]], [[Brahin District]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/geography/235-coordinates-of-the-extreme-points-of-the-state-frontier.html |title = Main Geographic Characteristics of the Republic of Belarus. Coordinates of the extreme points of the state frontier |publisher = The Scientific and Production State Republican Unitary Enterprise “National Cadastre Agency” of the State Property Committee of the Republic of Belarus |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 20 September 2013 }}</ref>

The 3rd  largest lake in Belarus, [[Lake Chervonoye]], is located in Gomel region, [[Zhytkavichy District]].<ref name=lakes>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/geography/238-main-characteristics-of-the-largest-lakes-of-belarus.html |title = Main characteristics of the largest lakes of Belarus |publisher = Data of the Research Laboratory for Lake Study of the Belarus State University. |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 29 September 2013 }}</ref>

Gomel region borders [[Mogilev region]] on the north, [[Brest region]] on the west, [[Russia]] ([[Bryansk oblast]]) on the east and [[Ukraine]] ([[Chernihiv oblast]], [[Kyiv oblast]] and [[Zhytomyr oblast]]) on the south and southeast.

==Demography==
<gallery class="left" heights="160px" widths="200px">
Belarusians in Homieĺskaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png|Belarusians in the region{{legend|#900|>95%}}{{legend|red|90–95%}}{{legend|#f77|85–90%}}{{legend|orange|<85%}}
Russians in Homieĺskaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png|Russians in the region{{legend|#00d|>10%}}{{legend|#33f|8–10%}}{{legend|#66f|5–8%}}{{legend|#aaf|2–5%}}{{legend|white|<2%}}
Ukrainians in Homieĺskaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png|Ukrainians in the region{{legend|#080|>3%}}{{legend|#2b2|2–3%}}{{legend|lightgreen|1–2%}}{{legend|White|<1%}}
</gallery>

==Economy==
The processing industry is represented by [[alcoholic beverage]]s, such as [[wine]] and [[beer]], [[soft drink]]s, as well as the vegetable-drying and canning industries. [[Mazyr]] is home to one of Belarus' major [[oil refineries]].
{{Further|Brinevskoye mine}}

==Transport==
Gomel region is a major [[transport hub]]. Major railway junctions include Gomel, Zhlobin, and Kalinkavichy. Gomel is located at the intersection of the highways 95E [[Odesa]]–[[Kyiv]]–[[St. Petersburg]], [[Bakhmach]]–[[Vilnius]], and M10 [[Bryansk]]–[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]. River transport is also common in the region with regular navigation on the Pripyat, Dnieper and [[Berezina]] rivers.

==Tourism==
The number of travel agencies in Gomel region has grown from 21 in 2000 to 54 in 2010.<ref name=agencies-regions>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/250-number-of-organizations-engaged-in-tourist-activities-in-2010-in-belarus.html |title = Number of organizations engaged in tourist activities in 2010 in Belarus |publisher = National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus |author= Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus. |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 9 October 2013 }}</ref><ref name=agencies-activiry>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/252-number-of-organisations-engaged-in-tourist-activities-in-belarus-by-region.html |title = Number of organisations engaged in tourist activities in Belarus by region |publisher = National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus |author= Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus. |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 9 October 2013 }}</ref> The main tourist destinations of the region are [[Pripyatsky National Park]] and [[Gomel]].

==History==
{{Expand section|date=January 2025}}
As a result of the disaster at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, 20 out of 21 districts of the Gomel region were damaged,
357 settlements ceased to exist, about 40 farms and 216 thousand hectares of agricultural land were taken out of operation,
1127 settlements were contaminated, the number of affected population was 749 thousand people.<ref>https://sdgs.by/en/zasedanie/the-meeting-of-the-council-for-sustainable-development-dedicated-to-the-international-chernobyl-disaster-remembrance-day-was-held-in-minsk-2/?print=print</ref> The most affected districts are: [[Brahin district|Brahin]], [[Khoiniki district|Khoyniki]], [[Narowlya district|Narowlya]], [[Vyetka district|Vyetka]], [[Dobrush district|Dobrush]], [[Chachersk district|Chachersk]], [[Karma district|Karma]].<ref>https://chornobyl.in.ua/en/maps-of-belarus-contamination.html</ref> The [[Polesie State Radioecological Reserve]], which is a radioecological nature reserve, is situated in the southern part of the region. It was created to enclose the territory of Belarus most affected by [[radioactive fallout]] from the [[Chernobyl disaster]]. Children in the Gomel oblast (region) in Belarus received the highest thyroid doses of radiation in the county.<ref>https://www.oecd-nea.org/jcms/pl_28312/chernobyl-chapter-iv-dose-estimates</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://gomel-region.gov.by/en Gomel Oblast Executive Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200905233458/http://gomel-region.gov.by/en/ |date=2020-09-05 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041011092946/http://www.gomel-region.gov.by/index.php?lang=txt_eng Gomel Regional Executive Committee (Archive) (2004)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150111233035/http://belarusdigest.com/story/homel-region-epicentre-troubles-bore-celebrities-14797 Homel Region: Epicentre of Troubles That Bore Celebrities]

{{Gomel Region}}
{{First-level administrative divisions of Belarus}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|52|20|N|29|40|E|region:BY-HO_type:adm1st_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Gomel region| ]]