Editing Goring-by-Sea

{{Short description| Suburb of Worthing, West Sussex, England}}
{{Distinguish|Goring-on-Thames}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{infobox UK place
| country                  = England
| static_image_name        = Goring Yacht Club - geograph.org.uk - 246160.jpg
| static_image_caption     = The yacht club, 2006
| coordinates              = {{coord|50.8122|-0.42436|display=inline,title}}
| official_name            = Goring-by-sea
| population               = 7,990
| population_ref           = (2011. Goring Ward)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=13695097&c=Goring&d=14&e=62&g=6475180&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1445087952342&enc=1|title=Worthing Ward population|access-date=17 October 2015}}</ref>
| shire_district           = [[Worthing (district)|Worthing]]
| shire_county             = [[West Sussex]]
| region                   = South East England
| constituency_westminster = [[Worthing West]]
| post_town                = WORTHING
| postcode_district        = BN12
| postcode_area            = BN
| dial_code                = 01903
| os_grid_reference        = TQ111025
}}
'''Goring-by-Sea''', commonly referred to simply as '''Goring''', is a neighbourhood of [[Worthing]] and former [[civil parish]], now in [[Worthing (district)|Worthing]] district in [[West Sussex]], England. It lies west of [[West Worthing]], about {{convert|2.5|mi|0}} west of Worthing town centre. [[Historic counties of England|Historically]] in [[Sussex]], in the [[rape of Arundel]], Goring has been part of the [[borough]] of Worthing since 1929.

==Etymology==
It is thought that the place-name Goring may mean either 'Gāra's people', or 'people of the wedge-shaped strip of land'.<ref name="Glover, Judith 1997">Glover, Judith (1997) ''Sussex Place-Names: Their Origins and Meanings'', Countryside Books {{ISBN|978-1-85306-484-5}}</ref> Usually known as "Goring", the "by-Sea" suffix has been added to differentiate it from the village of [[Goring-on-Thames]] in [[Oxfordshire]].

==History==
Around the 6th century Goring became part of the [[kingdom of Sussex]]. Like in other villages in the south of Sussex, the people of Goring had land to the north that they used as summer pasture in [[the Weald]], at Goringlee, near [[Coolham]]. This route would have been used as a [[droveway]]s for driving livestock, especially pigs.<ref>{{harvnb|Brandon|2006| p=36}}</ref>
The parish of Goring existed at the time of the [[Domesday Book|Domesday survey]] in 1086, under the name ''Garinges''.<ref name="MEWH78">{{Harvnb|Elleray|1998|p=78.}}</ref> Unlike the other parishes in the area covered by the present Borough of Worthing, which have been in the [[Rape of Bramber]] since the 11th century, Goring forms part of the neighbouring Rape of [[Arundel]].<ref name="VCH18218">{{Cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/Sussex/vol6/pt1/p65|title=A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 1: Bramber Rape (Southern Part). Worthing and Associated Parishes|editor-last=Salzman|editor-first=L. F. |year=1980|work=[[Victoria County History]] of Sussex|publisher=British History Online|page=65|access-date=2009-12-07|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925170932/https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/sussex/vol6/pt1/p65|url-status=live}}</ref> ([[Rape (county subdivision)|Rapes]] are the six ancient subdivisions of the county of [[Sussex]], each named after a [[castle]] and its associated town.)<ref name="Delorme14">{{Harvnb|Delorme|1987|p=14.}}</ref> The former parish of Goring incorporated four [[Manorialism|manors]]. The most important of these passed from the [[Earl of Arundel|Earls of Arundel]] to [[Roger de Montalt, 1st Baron Montalt]] and several other holders.

The former parish of Goring included [[Castle Goring]], a [[country house]] built for [[Sir Bysshe Shelley, 1st Baronet]] in the late 1790s.
Intermittent residential development began in the 19th century and continued throughout the 20th century. Although the railway came to Goring in 1846, there were so few passengers using Goring station that it was closed for a period.<ref>{{harvnb|Brandon|2006| p=396}}</ref> Goring's population expanded after 1929, when it became part of the borough of Worthing, and again in 1938 when the railway was electrified.<ref>{{harvnb|Brandon|2006| p=396}}</ref> Over a period of around 50 years, much of old Goring was demolished, although a few buildings survive.<ref>{{harvnb|Brandon|2006| p=396}}</ref> Begun shortly before 1939, the Goring Hall estate was developed as a [[garden city movement|garden city]], with concentric crescents near the seafront.<ref>{{harvnb|Williamson|Hudson|Musson|Nairn|Pevsner|2019| p=748}}</ref>

In 1921, the parish had a population of 653.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10290545/cube/TOT_POP|title=Population statistics Goring By Sea AP/CP through time|publisher=[[A Vision of Britain through Time]]|accessdate=17 May 2024}}</ref> On 1 April 1929, the parish was abolished and merged with Worthing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10290545|title=Relationships and changes Goring By Sea AP/CP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=17 May 2024}}</ref>

==Geography==
Goring has a mixed [[pebble]] and sand beach which is a popular [[beachgoing]] area for a wide variety of [[Surface water sports|watersports]] including [[kitesurfing]].  The southwest of Goring contains part of the Goring Gap, a protected area of fields and woodland between Goring and [[Ferring]].<ref name="ggap">{{cite web|url=http://www.goring-by-sea.com/ggpt/ |title=Goring Gap Preservation Trust |last=Waller |first=Richard |date=19 March 2004 |access-date=17 April 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112232822/http://www.goring-by-sea.com/ggpt/ |archive-date=12 January 2012 }}</ref>
The former village of Goring lies in the south of the former parish. North-east of this is the Maybridge estate. North of Maybridge is West Durrington. To the north and west of West Durrington lies [[Castle Goring]], [[Titnore Wood]] and the eastern slopes of [[Highdown Hill]], including [[Highdown Gardens]].

==Landmarks==
[[File:Bull's Head Goring by Sea Front.JPG|thumb|left|The Bull's Head on Goring Street has been a pub since at least as far back as 1770]]
[[St Mary's Church, Goring-by-Sea|St Mary's Church]], the [[Anglican]] [[parish church]], was originally built {{circa}} 1100AD as the Church of Our Blessed Ladye of Gorynge, and was rebuilt in 1837 by [[Decimus Burton]]<ref>[http://www.goring-by-sea.uk.com/churches.htm Churches in Goring-by-Sea] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703160038/http://www.goring-by-sea.uk.com/churches.htm |date=3 July 2008 }}</ref> for [[David Lyon (politician, born 1794)|David Lyon]] of Goring Hall.

The Bull's Head on Goring Street has existed as a pub since at least 1770.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worthingheritagealliance.org.uk/WHA_Trails_08_Goring.pdf|title=Worthing Heritage Trails - Goring Trail|publisher=Worthing Heritage Alliance|access-date=12 March 2020|archive-date=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525165900/http://www.worthingheritagealliance.org.uk/WHA_Trails_08_Goring.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> This may be the same pub that was closed in the early 17th century by puritan-minded [[Justice of the Peace|Justices of the Peace]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.robertluff.co.uk/news/hidden-goring|title=Hidden Goring|date=1 May 2015|first=Chris|last=Hare|access-date=12 March 2020|archive-date=23 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123001913/https://www.robertluff.co.uk/news/hidden-goring|url-status=live}}</ref>

Courtlands was built in the 1820s and was extended around 1906 to 10 by Paul Schweder.<ref>{{harvnb|Williamson|Hudson|Musson|Nairn|Pevsner|2019| p=748}}</ref>

Built around 1889, Goring Hall is a replica of the original building which was built around 1840 for [[David Lyon (politician, born 1794)|David Lyon]], probably designed by [[Charles Barry]], best known for his role in rebuilding the [[Palace of Westminster]] in London.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1250827|desc=Goring Hall, Worthing|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref>  Goring Hall is now used as a hospital, operated by [[BMI Healthcare]]. An 1840s avenue of [[Quercus ilex|holm oaks]] leads from Goring Hall to St Mary's Church.<ref>{{harvnb|Williamson|Hudson|Musson|Nairn|Pevsner|2019| p=748}}</ref>

[[File:Tax Office - geograph.org.uk - 597192.jpg|thumb|right|Built in the 1990s, HMRC's Durrington Bridge House on Barrington Road houses 900 employees]]

The [[English Martyrs' Catholic Church, Goring-by-Sea|English Martyrs' Catholic Church]], dedicated to the English-[[List of Catholic martyrs of the English Reformation|Catholic Martyrs]], has the world's only hand-painted copy of the ceiling of the [[Sistine Chapel]], painted by Gary Bevans between 1987 and 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.goring-by-sea.uk.com/englishmartyrs.htm |title=THE SISTINE CHAPEL CEILING REPRODUCTION |access-date=21 August 2005 |archive-date=28 August 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050828190719/http://www.goring-by-sea.uk.com/englishmartyrs.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

The red-brick Durrington Bridge House, [[HM Revenue and Customs]]' building near Durrrington-on-Sea station on Barrington Road, holds 900 employees.  The site is due to be replaced with homes as HMRC is due to relocate in 2021 to [[Teville Gate]] in the centre of Worthing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worthingherald.co.uk/business/new-pictures-huge-worthing-office-block-construction-1996097|publisher=Worthing Herald|title=New pictures of huge Worthing office block construction|first=Katherine|last=Hollisey-McLean|date=26 February 2020|access-date=10 March 2020|archive-date=23 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123001927/https://www.worthingherald.co.uk/business/new-pictures-huge-worthing-office-block-construction-1996097|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Education==
[[St Oscar Romero Catholic School]] on Goring Street is a mixed secondary school that was established in the 1950s. Goring Church of England Primary School is the main primary school for the area.  Outside of Goring proper, but within the boundaries of the former parish of Goring is [[Northbrook College]]'s West Durrington campus.  Also known as University Centre Worthing, the site has been part of [[Greater Brighton Metropolitan College]] since 2017 and provides both [[further education]] and [[higher education]].

==Transport==
The [[A259 road|A259]] runs east–west through Goring, connecting it to the centre of Worthing and Brighton to the east, and Littlehampton and Bognor Regis to the west. The A2032 Littlehampton Road which also runs east–west passes north of Goring proper but within the former parish area. Goring is served by two railway stations: [[Goring-by-Sea railway station]] in the west, which opened in 1846, and [[Durrington-on-Sea railway station]] in the east, which opened in 1937. Both stations lie on the [[West Coastway Line]] and connect Goring to Worthing, Brighton, Littlehampton, London and Southampton.

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of Worthing inhabitants}}
*[[George Saxby Penfold]] was Vicar of Goring from 1815 to 1832, but held other livings as well.<ref>[https://theclergydatabase.org.uk/jsp/persons/DisplayPerson.jsp?PersonID=19192 "Penfold, George Saxby"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123001938/https://theclergydatabase.org.uk/jsp/persons/DisplayPerson.jsp?PersonID=19192 |date=23 January 2021 }}, theclergydatabase.org.uk, accessed 10 December 2020</ref>
* [[George Brooke-Pechell]], [[Royal Navy]] officer and [[Whigs (British political party)|Whig]] [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Brighton (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton]] (1835–1860)
* [[Keith Emerson]], keyboardist, songwriter, and film composer, grew up on the Maybridge estate in Goring.<ref>{{harvnb|Henry|Walton|2016|}}</ref>
* [[Francesca Hayward]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sussexlife.co.uk/people/francesca-hayward-on-her-journey-from-a-recital-at-worthing-pavilion-to-the-royal-ballet-1-5039709|publisher=Sussex Life|title=Francesca Hayward on her journey from a recital at Worthing Pavilion to the Royal Ballet|first=Nione|last=Meakin|date=29 July 2019|access-date=11 March 2020|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027122117/https://www.sussexlife.co.uk/people/francesca-hayward-on-her-journey-from-a-recital-at-worthing-pavilion-to-the-royal-ballet-1-5039709|url-status=live}}</ref> ballet dancer
* [[Billy Idol]],<ref>{{harvnb|Idol|2015| p=18}}</ref> musician
* [[Richard Jefferies]], nature writer
* [[David Lyon (politician, born 1794)|David Lyon]], [[West Indies]] merchant and [[Tories (British political party)|Tory]] [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Bere Alston (UK Parliament constituency)|Bere Alston]] in Devon
* [[John Molson (British politician)|John Molson]], Canadian-born [[Unionist Party (UK)|Unionist]] [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Gainsborough (UK Parliament constituency)|Gainsborough]] in Lincolnshire
* [[Arthur Somerset Sr]], cricketer for [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] and [[London County Cricket Club|London]] between 1891 and 1906
* [[Frederick Claude Stern]], botanist and horticulturalist

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
<!-- Please order books alphabetically by the author's last name -->
{{Refbegin|30em}}

* {{cite book |last=Brandon |first= Peter|title= Sussex|year= 2006|publisher= Robert Hale|isbn=9780709069980}}
*{{Cite book |last=Delorme |first=Mary |title=Curious Sussex |publisher=Robert Hale Ltd |location=London |year=1987 |isbn=0-7090-2970-5}}
* {{Cite book|last=Elleray|first=D. Robert|title=A Millennium Encyclopaedia of Worthing History|publisher=Optimus Books|location=Worthing|year=1998|isbn=0-9533132-0-4}}
* {{cite book |last1=Henry|first1= James| last2=Walton |first2= Colin| title=Secret Worthing|year=2016|publisher= Amberley Publishing Limited|isbn=9781445651415}}
* {{cite book |last=Idol|first=Billy |title=Dancing with Myself|year=2015|publisher= Simon and Schuster|isbn=9781451628517}}
* {{cite book |last1=Williamson|first1= Elizabeth|last2=Hudson|first2=Tim|last3=Musson|first3=Jeremy|last4=Nairn|first4=Ian|last5=Pevsner|first5=Nikolaus|title=Sussex: West|year=2019|publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=9780300225211}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Goring-by-Sea}}

{{Worthing}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Goring-By-Sea}}
[[Category:Suburbs of Worthing]]
[[Category:Seaside resorts in England]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in West Sussex]]
[[Category:Beaches of West Sussex]]
[[Category:Former civil parishes in West Sussex]]