Editing Grace McCarthy

{{short description|Canadian politician (1927-2017)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|image =
| name =Grace McCarthy
| honorific-suffix={{post-nominals|OC|OBC|size=100%}}
| small = 
| caption =
| birthname = Grace Mary Winterbottom <ref name=Ward2017>{{cite news|author=Doug Ward|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/grace-mccarthy-the-first-lady-of-b-c-s-social-credit-dies-at-89|title=Grace McCarthy, the first lady of B.C.'s Social Credit, dies at 89|newspaper=[[Vancouver Sun]]|access-date=2017-05-26}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{birth date|1927|10|14}}
| birth_place = Grace Hospital, [[Vancouver|Vancouver, British Columbia]]
| death_date= {{death date and age|2017|5|24|1927|10|14}}
| death_place= Vancouver, British Columbia
| office= Leader of the [[British Columbia Social Credit Party]]
| term_start=November 6, 1993
| term_end=May 1994
| predecessor= [[Jack Weisgerber]]
| successor= [[Lyall Hanson]]
| constituency_AM1 = [[Vancouver-Little Mountain]]
| assembly1 = British Columbia Legislative
| term_start1 = December 11, 1975
| term_end1 = October 17, 1991
| predecessor1 = [[Phyllis Florence Young|Phyllis Young]]<br />[[Roy Thomas Cummings|Roy Cummings]]
| alongside1 = [[Evan Maurice Wolfe]] <small>(1975-1983)</small><br/>[[Doug Mowat]] <small>(1983-1991)</small>
| successor1 = [[Tom Perry (politician)|Tom Perry]]
| term_start2 = September 12, 1966
| term_end2 = August 30, 1972
| alongside2 = [[Leslie Peterson (politician)|Leslie Peterson]]
| predecessor2 = ''Riding Established''
| successor2 = [[Phyllis Florence Young|Phyllis Young]]<br />[[Roy Thomas Cummings|Roy Cummings]]
| party = [[British Columbia Social Credit Party|Social Credit]]
| occupation = Florist
| spouse = Ray McCarthy; 2 children
| nickname = Amazing Grace
}}

'''Grace Mary McCarthy''', [[Order of Canada|OC]], [[Order of British Columbia|OBC]], [[Legum Doctor|LLD]], [[DTech]], [[FRAIC|FRAIC (Hon.)]] (née '''Winterbottom'''; October 14, 1927 – May 24, 2017) was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] [[politician]] and florist in [[British Columbia]]. A high-ranking member of the [[British Columbia Social Credit Party|Social Credit Party of British Columbia]], she was largely responsible for rebuilding that party after its defeat in the [[1972 British Columbia general election|1972 provincial election]].

==Political career==
{{more citations needed|section|date=August 2018}}
In the 1960s, McCarthy was a popular elected member of the City of Vancouver Parks Board and instrumental in the creation of the [[VanDusen Botanical Gardens]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Oke|first1=Midge|title=Grace McCarthy|url=http://v1.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20170715.OBIREMEMBER_1/BDAStory/BDA/deaths|access-date=July 15, 2017|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|date=15 July 2017}}</ref> She was actively recruited to run for a seat in the [[Legislature of British Columbia|provincial Legislature]] by then-premier [[W.A.C. Bennett]]. In an attempt to improve his hold on power, Bennett promised that any woman elected to the legislature while he was in power would become a member of his Cabinet. In 1966, she successfully campaigned and was elected along with [[Leslie Peterson (politician)|Les Peterson]] to co-represent the dual member riding of [[Vancouver-Little Mountain]]. Bennett made McCarthy a [[minister without portfolio]], as well as [[Patricia Jordan|Pat Jordan]] and [[Isabel Dawson]].

In 1968, she successfully lobbied both the Canadian federal and British Columbian provincial governments to broaden home ownership credit legislation to include single, divorced and widowed women without the need for a male guarantor.

In the [[1972 British Columbia general election|1972 general election]], the Socreds suffered its first electoral defeat to the [[British Columbia New Democratic Party|New Democratic Party]] (NDP). McCarthy, then Socred party president in 1973, worked to rebuild the party. To that end, she increased membership in the party from 5,000 to 70,000 in two years. After the Socreds returned to power in the [[1975 British Columbia general election|1975 election]], McCarthy became a senior [[Executive Council of British Columbia|cabinet minister]], serving in a variety of portfolios, under Premier [[Bill Bennett]].

In 1978, McCarthy was suspected of interfering in the re-drawing of the electoral boundaries of her Little Mountain constituency, to include an appendage of a wealthy Westside area of Vancouver, helping ensure her electoral success. This appendage and subsequent scandal became known as "Gracie's Finger".<ref name=Ward2017/> The actual area in question was between 16th and 33rd Avenues in Vancouver around the Arbutus Street corridor. In 1986, she parlayed the idea to illuminate the main cables of Vancouver's Lions Gate Bridge and arranged private-sector sponsorship by the Guinness family, the bridge's builders and original owners.

In addition, her many achievements included the following: lobbied to bring [[Expo 86]] to Vancouver; established Canada’s first linear parkway and [[SkyTrain (Vancouver)|SkyTrain]]; negotiated lighting on the [[Lions Gate Bridge]]; spearheaded construction of the Vancouver Trade & Convention Centre at Canada Harbour Place; initiated Canada’s first toll-free help line for abused children; brought the most comprehensive legislation to stop child abuse in the country; and initiated, alongside [[Justis Greene]], BC’s first film promotion office, the [[Creative BC Film Commission]].

=== Leadership contender ===
After Bennett stepped down in 1986, McCarthy stood in the [[British Columbia Social Credit Party leadership elections#1986 leadership convention|1986 leadership election]] to succeed him. She placed third, behind [[Brian Smith (Canadian politician)|Brian Smith]] and victor [[Bill Vander Zalm]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1986-07-31 |title=High-tech Socreds, old-style count |pages=A3 |work=[[Times Colonist]] |agency=[[The Canadian Press]]}}</ref> In Vander Zalm's initial cabinet, she was named [[Deputy Premier of British Columbia]] and Minister of Economic Development.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Leyne |first=Les |date=1986-08-15 |title=Loyal trio promoted to cabinet |pages=A1, A3 |work=[[Times Colonist]]}}</ref> However, in a shuffle following the [[1986 British Columbia general election|1986 election]], McCarthy gained responsibility for international trade but lost the deputy premier title, which she admitted left her a little disappointed.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mason |first1=Gary |last2=Fitterman |first2=Lisa |last3=Baldrey |first3=Keith |date=1986-11-06 |title=Vander Zalm picks seven new faces |pages=A1–A2 |work=[[Vancouver Sun]]}}</ref>

On July 6, 1988, McCarthy resigned from cabinet, in protest of Vander Zalm's leadership and the interference of "arrogant" civil servants in the premier's office. Her resignation came just one week after Brian Smith had also resigned in protest of Vander Zalm's leadership style.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Leyne |first=Les |date=1988-07-06 |title=McCarthy quits cabinet |pages=A1–A2 |work=[[Times Colonist]]}}</ref>

After a series of scandals and discontent within caucus led to Vander Zalm's resignation in 1991, McCarthy entered the [[British Columbia Social Credit Party leadership elections#1991 leadership convention|1991 leadership election]] to succeed him. Though considered the frontrunner in the contest, she was defeated in an [[Upset (competition)|upset]] by [[Rita Johnston]], a Vander Zalm loyalist. NDP leader [[Mike Harcourt]] further stirred the pot by claiming that he preferred Johnston over McCarthy, asserting his belief that the latter would be a much tougher opponent in an election. Johnston lost the [[1991 British Columbia general election|1991 provincial election]] badly, with the party only winning third-place status in the legislature, behind the resurgent [[British Columbia Liberal Party|Liberal Party]]. Johnston lost her own seat and resigned as leader shortly thereafter. McCarthy was chosen to replace her at the [[British Columbia Social Credit Party leadership elections#1993 leadership convention|1993 leadership election]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grace McCarthy, first lady of B.C. Social Credit, dies at 89 |date=25 May 2017 |url=https://www.timescolonist.com/news/b-c/grace-mccarthy-first-lady-of-b-c-social-credit-dies-at-89-1.20199214}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}

Though finally achieving her goal of becoming the leader of the Social Credit party, McCarthy struggled as leader. First off, she unexpectedly lost her by-election in Matsqui, a stalwart Social Credit riding, to Liberal candidate [[Mike de Jong]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/byelections/msi_vql94/toc.html|title=Elections BC - Matsqui and Vancouver-Quilchena 1994 CEO Report|access-date=2017-05-26|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010108193600/http://www.elections.bc.ca/elections/byelections/msi_vql94/toc.html|archive-date=2001-01-08}}</ref> Next, the Social Credit lost official party status in the BC Legislature when four of the remaining six MLAs left the party to join the fledgling [[Reform Party of British Columbia|BC Reform Party]], rather than work with her as the leader. By 1994, after failing to get any semblance of control over the party, she resigned. In the [[1996 British Columbia general election|1996 election]] the Socreds lost all their remaining seats, never to return.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timescolonist.com/news/b-c/grace-mccarthy-first-lady-of-b-c-social-credit-dies-at-89-1.20199214|title = Grace McCarthy, first lady of B.C. Social Credit, dies at 89| date=25 May 2017 }}</ref>{{citation needed|date=May 2017}}

==Honours==
In 1992, she was made an Officer of the [[Order of Canada]]. In 2004, she was awarded the [[Order of British Columbia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orderofbc.gov.bc.ca/members/obc-2004/2004-grace-mccarthy/|title = 2004 Recipient: Dr. Grace M. McCarthy – Vancouver : Order of BC}}</ref>

==Death==
McCarthy died on May 24, 2017, at age 89 after a lengthy battle with a [[brain tumour]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/grace-mccarthy-obit-1.3987119 |title=Grace McCarthy, influential B.C. cabinet minister for 3 decades, has died at 89 - British Columbia|website=Cbc.ca|access-date=2017-05-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Bains |first=Camille |url=http://globalnews.ca/news/3478696/trailblazing-b-c-politician-grace-mccarthy-dies|title=Trailblazing B.C. politician Grace McCarthy dies|newspaper=Global News|access-date=2017-05-26}}</ref>

==Volunteer work==
Prior to her death, McCarthy was Chairman of the Board of Directors of the CH.I.L.D. Foundation (Children with Intestinal and Liver Disorders). McCarthy began the charity in 1995 with Mary McCarthy Parsons (her daughter) and J. Lindsay Gordon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.child.ca/?s=Grace+McCarthy|title=Search Results for: Grace McCarthy|website=Child.ca|access-date=2017-05-26}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/organizational-structure/office-of-the-premier/intergovernmental-relations-secretariat/protocol Order of British Columbia biography]
*[http://atom.archives.sfu.ca/index.php/f-55-15-0-0-55 Some records of Grace McCarthy are held by Simon Fraser University's Special Collections and Rare Books]
*[https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/grace-mccarthy-was-tough-inspiring-and-worthy-of-remembrance/article35136905/ Grace McCarthy was tough, inspiring and worthy of remembrance] Gary Mason, The Globe and Mail, 26 May 2017
*[https://digital.lib.sfu.ca/grace-mccarthy-scrapbook-collection Grace McCarthy Scrapbook Collection]

{{British Columbia Social Credit Party}}
{{Deputy Premiers of British Columbia}}
{{navboxes|title=Cabinet positions|list1=
{{Vander Zalm Ministry}}
{{Bill Bennett Ministry}}
{{WAC Bennett Ministry}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:McCarthy, Grace}}
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:2017 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian philanthropists]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian women philanthropists]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian women politicians]]
[[Category:British Columbia Social Credit Party leaders]]
[[Category:British Columbia Social Credit Party MLAs]]
[[Category:Deaths from brain cancer in Canada]]
[[Category:Deputy premiers of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Female Canadian political party leaders]]
[[Category:Florists]]
[[Category:Members of the Executive Council of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Politicians from Vancouver]]
[[Category:Women government ministers of Canada]]
[[Category:Women MLAs in British Columbia]]