Editing Gremlin Interactive

{{Short description|British software developer}}
{{Distinguish|Gremlin Industries}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Infogrames Studios Limited
| logo = Gremlin Interactive Logo.svg
| logo_caption = Logo used from 1994 to 2000
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
| former_name = {{Unbulleted list|Gremlin Graphics Software Limited (1984–1994)|Gremlin Interactive Limited (1994–2000)}}
| fate = Dissolved by parent, former employees formed [[Sumo Digital]]. Assets acquired by [[Zushi Games|Zoo Digital]], later reacquired by Urbanscan.
| predecessor = 
| successor = [[Sumo Digital]]
| foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1984}}
| founder = {{Unbulleted list|Ian Stewart|Kevin Norburn}}
| defunct = {{End date and age|df=yes|2003}}
| location_city = [[Sheffield]]
| location_country = [[England]]
| location = 
| locations = 
| area_served = 
| key_people = Paul Porter {{small|([[studio manager]])}}
| industry = [[Video game industry|Video games]]
| products = 
| production = 
| services = 
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| aum = 
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| owner = 
| num_employees = 
| parent = [[Atari SA|Infogrames]] (1999–2003)
| divisions = 
| subsid = 
| homepage = 
| footnotes = 
}}
'''Gremlin Graphics Software Limited''', later '''Gremlin Interactive Limited''' and ultimately '''Infogrames Studios Limited''',<ref name=house>{{cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/01805165|title=INFOGRAMES STUDIOS LIMITED – Overview (free company information from Companies House)|website=beta.companieshouse.gov.uk|access-date=2017-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722070622/https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/01805165|archive-date=2018-07-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> was a British [[software house]] based in [[Sheffield]], working mostly in the [[home computer]] market. Like many software houses established in the 1980s, their primary market was the [[8-bit]] range of computers such as the [[ZX Spectrum]], [[Amstrad CPC]], [[MSX]], [[Commodore 16]] and [[Commodore 64]]. The company was acquired by French [[video game publisher]] [[Infogrames]] in 1999 and was renamed Infogrames Studios in 2000. Infogrames Studios closed down in 2003.

== History ==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Gremlin Graphics logo 180px.png|thumb|left|Original ''Gremlin Graphics'' logo]] -->
The company, originally a computer store called Just Micro, was established as a software house in 1984 with the name Gremlin Graphics Software Ltd by Ian Stewart and Kevin Norburn<ref name="crashonline.org.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.crashonline.org.uk/18/gremlin.htm|title=CRASH 18 – Gremlin Graphics|website=www.crashonline.org.uk}}</ref> with [[US Gold|US Gold's]] Geoff Brown owning 75% of the company<ref name=storyofusgold>{{Cite book|last1=Wilkins|first1=Chris|title=The Story Of U.S. Gold|last2=Kean|first2=Roger M|publisher=Fusion Retro Books|year=2015|isbn=9780993131530|page=69}}</ref>{{rp|65}} until mid-1989.<ref name='newcomputerexpress5Aug89'>{{cite magazine |title=Snippets|magazine=New Computer Express|issue=|publisher=Future Publishing|date=5 August 1989|page=5|url=https://archive.org/details/NH2021_New_Computer_Express_Issue039.pdf/page/n4/mode/2up|access-date=5 December 2021}}</ref> Gremlin's early success was based on games such as ''[[Wanted: Monty Mole]]'' for the [[ZX Spectrum]] and ''[[Thing on a Spring]]'' for the [[Commodore 64]]. {{citation needed|date=November 2013}}

In 1994, it was renamed as Gremlin Interactive, now concentrating on the 16-bit, PC and console market.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nvg.ntnu.no/sinclair/industry/publishers/gremlin.htm|title=Planet Sinclair: The Sinclair Industry: Publishers: Gremlin|website=www.nvg.ntnu.no}}</ref> Gremlin enjoyed major success with the ''[[Zool]]'' and ''[[Premier Manager]]'' series in the early 1990s, and then with ''[[Actua Soccer]]'', the first [[soccer|football]] game in full [[3D computer graphics|3D]]; other successful games included the ''[[Lotus (computer games)|Lotus]]'' racing series; a futuristic racing game, ''[[Motorhead (video game)|Motorhead]]''; a stunt car racing game, ''[[Fatal Racing]]'' (1995); and the 1998 flight simulator ''[[Hardwar (video game)|Hardwar]]''. Following [[Electronic Arts|EA]]'s success with the [[EA Sports]] brand, Gremlin also released their own sports videogame series, adding [[Golf]], [[Tennis]] and [[Ice Hockey]] to their ''[[Actua Sports]]'' series. During this time, they used a ''[[motif (music)|motif]]'' from the Siegfried Funeral March from ''[[Götterdämmerung]]'' as introductory music.

The company was floated on the stock market to raise funds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bitmapbooks.co.uk/products/a-gremlin-in-the-works|title=A Gremlin in the Works|website=Bitmap Books}}</ref>

In 1997, Gremlin acquired [[Imagitec Design]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Gremlin Buy Imagitec|magazine=[[Sega Saturn Magazine]]|issue=18 |publisher=[[Emap International Limited]] |date=April 1997|page=7}}</ref> and [[DMA Design]] (creators of ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' and ''[[Lemmings (video game)|Lemmings]]''). In 1999, they themselves were bought by [[Infogrames]] for around [[British Pound|£]]24 million <ref>{{cite web|url=http://startups.co.uk/zoo-digital-ian-stewart/|title=Zoo Digital: Ian Stewart – Startups.co.uk: Starting a business advice and business ideas}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_1999_March_25/ai_54207493 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050322032848/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_1999_March_25/ai_54207493 |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 March 2005 |title=Infogrames Buys UK Games Company Gremlin &#124; ''Computergram International'' &#124; Find Articles at BNET.com |publisher=Findarticles.com |access-date=2 November 2009 |year=1999}}</ref> and renamed "Infogrames Sheffield House". Infogrames closed the studio in 2003. The building they latterly occupied near Devonshire Green has since been demolished when Infogrames Sheffield House was supposed to be renamed "Atari Sheffield House". In October 2003, [[Zushi Games|Zoo Digital]], the successor company to Gremlin, purchased the company's assets from the now-named [[Atari SA|Atari]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.investegate.co.uk/zoo-digital-group/rns/acquisition/200310010700113796Q/ | title=Investegate &#124;Zoo Digital Group Announcements &#124; Zoo Digital Group: Acquisition | access-date=6 January 2022 | archive-date=4 January 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104023118/https://www.investegate.co.uk/zoo-digital-group/rns/acquisition/200310010700113796Q/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>

Following the administration of Zoo Digital (later renamed Zushi Games), Gremlin Interactive's catalogue and name were bought up by Ian Stewart's new company Urbanscan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2011/07/22/gremlin-graphics-presents-bounders-world-and-the-return-of-super-cars-88959/|title=Gremlin Graphics presents: Bounder's World and the return of Super Cars|date=22 July 2011}}</ref>

The Gremlin trademarks (including the g Gremlin logo) are now owned by [[Warner Bros.|Warner Bros Entertainment]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=GREMLIN – UK00001122987 |url=https://trademarks.ipo.gov.uk/ipo-tmcase/page/Results/1/UK00001122987 |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=trademarks.ipo.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=GREMLIN – UK00001313745 |url=https://trademarks.ipo.gov.uk/ipo-tmcase/page/Results/1/UK00001313745 |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=trademarks.ipo.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=g Gremlin – UK00002032262 |url=https://trademarks.ipo.gov.uk/ipo-tmcase/page/Results/1/UK00002032262 |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=trademarks.ipo.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref>

== Key staff ==
Gremlin staff had included:
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Kevin Bulmer]] – Designer/graphics artist
* Jon Harrison – Designer/graphics artist
* Gary Priest – Programmer
* Bill Allen – Programmer
* Richard Stevenson – Programmer
* David Martin – Marketing Director
* [[Ben Daglish]] – Outsourced Musician
* Ade Carless – Designer/graphics artist
* Shaun McClure – Graphics artist / Art Resource Manager
* [[Antony Crowther]] ('Ratt') – Designer, programmer<ref name="crashonline.org.uk"/>
* Asad Habib – Lead Tester
* Paul Whitehead – Tester / Designer
* Ian Stewart – Managing director<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.retrogamesmaster.co.uk/gremlin-founder-ian-stewart/|title=Gremlin founder Ian Stewart – RETRO GAMESMASTER|website=www.retrogamesmaster.co.uk|date=3 September 2016 }}</ref>
* Kevin Norburn – Operations director
* [[Patrick Phelan (composer)|Patrick Phelan]] – Software manager/sound engineer
* Chris Harvey – Lead console programmer
* Wayne Laybourn – Artist
* Chris Shrigley – Designer / Programmer<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gremlinarchive.com/?s=chris+shrigley|title=Search Results for "chris shrigley" – The Gremlin Graphics Archive|first=Mark James Hardisty|last=@hardistymark|website=www.gremlinarchive.com}}</ref>
* Peter Harrap – Programmer<ref name="crashonline.org.uk"/>
* Chris Kerry – Programmer<ref name="crashonline.org.uk"/>
* Shaun Hollingworth – Programmer<ref name="crashonline.org.uk"/>
* MicroProjects Ltd (Jason Perkins, Mark Rogers, Anthony Clarke)
{{div col end}}
* Richard Hall – Production Manager

== Video games ==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Gremlin Interactive logo (Amiga).png|thumb|240px|Gremlin logo used on [[Amiga]] games]] -->
{{See also|Category:Gremlin Interactive games}}

===As Gremlin Interactive===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*''Monty Mole'' series (1984–1990)
**''[[Wanted: Monty Mole]]'' (1984)
**''[[Monty Is Innocent]]'' (1985)
**''[[Monty on the Run]]'' (1985)
**''[[Auf Wiedersehen Monty]]'' (1987)
**''[[Moley Christmas]]'' (1987)
**''[[Impossamole]]'' (1990)
*''[[Potty Pigeon]]'' (1984)
*''[[Bounder (video game)|Bounder]]'' (1985)
**''Re-Bounder'' (1987)
*''[[Grumpy Gumphrey Supersleuth]]'' (1985)
*''[[Gauntlet (1985 video game)|Gauntlet]]'' (1985)
**''[[Gauntlet (1985 video game)#Expansion pack|Gauntlet: The Deeper Dungeons]]'' (1987)
*''[[Thing on a Spring]]'' (1985)
*''[[Zone X (video game)|Zone X]]'' (1985)
*''[[Jack the Nipper]]'' (1986)
**''[[Jack the Nipper II: In Coconut Capers]]'' (1987)
*''[[Trailblazer (video game)|Trailblazer]]'' (1986)
**''[[Cosmic Causeway: Trailblazer II]]'' (1987)
*''[[Alternative World Games]]'' (1987)
*''[[Basil the Great Mouse Detective]]'' (1987)
*''[[Deflektor]]'' (1987)
*''[[Gary Lineker's Superstar Soccer]]'' (1987)
*''[[Technocop]]'' (1988)
*''[[Road Raider|Motor Massacre]]'' (1988)
*''[[Dark Fusion]]'' (1988)
*''[[Mickey Mouse: The Computer Game]]'' (1988)
*''[[The Muncher]]'' (1988)
*''[[Axel's Magic Hammer]]'' (1989)
*''[[Federation of Free Traders]]'' (1989)
*''[[H.A.T.E.: Hostile All-Terrain Encounter]]'' (1989)
*''[[Switchblade (video game)|Switchblade]]'' (1989)
**''[[Switchblade II]]'' (1991)
*''[[Lotus (video game series)|Lotus]]'' series (1990–1992)
**''Lotus Esprit Turbo Challenge'' (1990)
**''Lotus Turbo Challenge 2'' (1991)
**''Lotus III: The Ultimate Challenge'' (1992)
*''[[Skidz]] (1990)
*''[[Super Cars]]'' (1990)
**''[[Super Cars II]]'' (1991)
*''[[Toyota Celica GT Rally]]'' (1990)
*''[[Venus The Flytrap]]'' (1990)
*''[[HeroQuest (video game)|HeroQuest]]'' (1991)
**''[[HeroQuest II: Legacy of Sorasil]]'' (1994)
*''[[BSS Jane Seymour]]'' (aka ''Spacewrecked'') (1990)
*''[[Team Suzuki (video game)|Team Suzuki]]'' (1991)
*''[[Utopia: The Creation of a Nation]]'' (1991)
*''[[Harlequin (video game)|Harlequin]]'' (1992)
*''[[Jeep Jamboree: Off Road Adventure]]'' (1992)
*''[[Nigel Mansell's World Championship Racing]]'' (1992)
*''[[Plan 9 from Outer Space (video game)|Plan 9 from Outer Space]]'' (1992)
*''[[Premier Manager]]'' series (1992–2000)
**''[[Premier Manager (video game)|Premier Manager]]'' (1992)
**''[[Premier Manager 2]]'' (1993)
**''[[Premier Manager 3]]'' (1994)
**''[[Premier Manager 97]]'' (1996)
**''[[Premier Manager 98]]'' (1997)
**''[[Premier Manager: Ninety Nine]]'' (1999)
*''[[Space Crusade (video game)|Space Crusade]]'' (1992)
*''[[Top Gear (video game)|Top Gear]]'' (1992)
**''[[Top Gear 2]]'' (1993)
**''[[Top Gear 3000]]'' (1995)
*''[[Zool]]'' (1992)
**''[[Zool 2]]'' (1993)
*''[[Jungle Strike]]'' (1993)
*''[[Litil Divil]]'' (1993)
*''[[Full Throttle: All-American Racing]]'' (1994)
*''[[K240]]'' (1994)
*''[[Newman/Haas IndyCar featuring Nigel Mansell]]'' (1994)
*''[[Race Days]]'' (1994)
*''[[Shadow Fighter (video game)|Shadow Fighter]]'' (1994)
*''[[Actua Sports]]'' series (1995–1999)
**''[[Actua Soccer]]'' (1995)
**''[[Actua Golf]]'' (1996)
**''[[Actua Soccer 2]]'' (1997)
**''[[Actua Golf 2]]'' (1998)
**''Actua Ice Hockey'' (1998)
**''Actua Tennis'' (1998)
**''Actua Soccer 3'' (1998)
**''[[Actua Pool]]'' (1999)
**''Actua Ice Hockey 2'' (1999)
**''Actua Golf 3'' (1999)
**''[[UEFA Euro 96 England]]'' (1996)
*''[[Fatal Racing]]'' (1995)
*''[[Loaded (video game)|Loaded]]'' (1995)
**''[[Re-Loaded]]'' (1996)
*''[[Slipstream 5000]]'' (1995)
*''[[Normality (video game)|Normality]]'' (1996)
*''[[Hardcore 4X4]]'' (1996)
*''[[Fragile Allegiance]]'' (1996)
*''[[Realms of the Haunting]]'' (1997)
*''[[Monopoly (1997 video game)|Monopoly]]'' (1997)
*''[[Buggy (video game)|Buggy]]'' (1998)
*''[[Motorhead (video game)|Motorhead]]'' (1998)
*''[[N2O (video game)|N2O]]'' (1998)
*''[[Body Harvest]]'' (1998)
*''[[Hardwar (video game)|Hardwar]]'' (1998)
*''[[Wild Metal Country]]'' (1999)
*''[[Soulbringer]]'' (2000)
{{div col end}}

===As Infogrames Sheffield House===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Platform(s)
! Publisher(s)
|-
| {{Dts|1999}}
| ''PGA European Tour Golf''
| rowspan="2" | [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]]
| rowspan="12" | [[Infogrames]]
|-
| rowspan="4" | {{Dts|2000}}
| ''[[Premier Manager 2000]]''
|-
| ''[[Hogs of War]]''
| [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]], [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
|-
| ''PGA European Tour Golf''
| [[Nintendo 64]]
|-
| ''[[Wacky Races: Starring Dastardly and Muttley|Wacky Races]]''
| [[Dreamcast]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Dts|2001}}
| ''[[UEFA Challenge]]''
| [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]], [[PlayStation 2]], [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
|-
| ''[[Wacky Races: Starring Dastardly and Muttley]]''
| [[PlayStation 2]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{Dts|2002}}
| ''Slam Tennis''
| [[PlayStation 2]], [[Xbox (console)|Xbox]]
|-
| ''[[Superman: Shadow of Apokolips]]''
| [[PlayStation 2]]
|-
| ''Micro Machines''
| [[PlayStation 2]], [[Xbox (console)|Xbox]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Dts|2003}}
| ''[[Superman: Shadow of Apokolips]]''
| rowspan="2" | [[GameCube]]
|-
| ''Micro Machines'' (2002)
|}

== See also ==
* [[Sumo Digital]]: Game developer founded by former members of Gremlin management.
* [[Martech]]: Video game publisher founded in the 1980s by David Martin.

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/19970119095452/http://www.gremlin.co.uk/ Wayback Archive]
* [http://www.mobygames.com/company/infogrames-studios-ltd Gremlin Interactive profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318032522/http://www.mobygames.com/company/infogrames-studios-ltd |date=18 March 2017 }} from [[MobyGames]]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1984 establishments in England]]
[[Category:2003 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:Atari]]
[[Category:Defunct video game companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Video game companies established in 1984]]
[[Category:Video game companies disestablished in 2003]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in Sheffield]]
[[Category:Video game development companies]]