Editing Gyps

{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Griffon.JPG
| image_caption = ''[[Gyps fulvus]]'' from Naumann, Natural history of the birds of central Europe, 3rd ed. 1899
| taxon = Gyps
| authority = [[Marie Jules César Savigny|Savigny]], 1809
| type_species = ''[[Eurasian griffon vulture|Gyps vulgaris]]''<ref name=HM4>{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=36 |title= Accipitridae |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-07-26}}</ref> = ''Vultur fulvus''
| type_species_authority = Savigny, 1809
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 8 extant, 2 extinct; see text.
}}

'''''Gyps''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Old World vulture]]s that was proposed by [[Marie Jules César Savigny]] in 1809. Its members are sometimes known as '''griffon vultures'''. ''Gyps'' vultures have a slim head, a long slender neck with downy feathers, and a ruff around the neck formed by long buoyant feathers. The crown of their big beaks is a little compressed, and their big dark nostrils are set transverse to the beak. They have six or seven wing feathers, of which the first is the shortest and the fourth the longest.

== Taxonomy ==
The genus ''Gyps'' was introduced in 1809 by the French zoologist [[Marie Jules César Savigny]] to accommodate the [[Eurasian griffon vulture]].<ref>{{ cite book | last=Savigny | first=Marie Jules César | author-link=Marie Jules César Savigny | year=1809 | title=Description de l'Égypte: Histoire naturelle | volume=1 | publisher=Imprimerie impériale | location=Paris | language=French | pages=[https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15989457 68], [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15989460 71]}}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor1-last=Mayr | editor1-first=Ernst | editor1-link=Ernst Mayr | editor2-last=Cottrell | editor2-first=G. William | year=1979 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=1 | edition=2nd | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=305 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16108945 }}</ref> The genus name is from [[Ancient Greek]] ''gups'' meaning "vulture".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=183 | url=https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n183/mode/1up }}</ref> The genus contains eight extant species.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=August 2022 | title=Hoatzin, New World vultures, Secretarybird, raptors | work=IOC World Bird List Version 12.2  | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/raptors/| publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=2 December 2022 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Name !! Distribution and [[IUCN Red List]] status
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:PikiWiki Israel 38863 Wildlife and Plants of Israel.JPG|frameless]] || [[Eurasian griffon vulture]] ''G. fulvus'' ([[Carl Ludwig Hablitz|Hablitz]], 1783)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hablitz, C. L. |year=1783 |title=Vultur fulvus Briss. |journal=Neue nordische Beyträge zur physikalischen und geographischen Erd- und Völkerbeschreibung, Naturgeschichte und Oekonomie |volume=4 |url=https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN332461483_0004?tify={%22pages%22:[62],%22view%22:%22info%22} |pages=58–59}}</ref> || [[File:Gyps fulvus distribution map.png|frameless]]<br />{{IUCN status|LC}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps fulvus'' |author=BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year=2017 |page=e.T22695219A118593677}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:Gyps bengalensis PLoS.png|frameless]] || [[White-rumped vulture]] ''G. bengalensis'' ([[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin]], 1788)<ref>{{cite book |author=Gmelin, J. F. |year=1788 |title=Caroli a Linné, Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis |location=Lipsiae |publisher=Georg Emanuel Beer |edition=13th aucta, reformata |volume=I |chapter=''Vultur bengalensis'' |pages=245–246 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/carolialinnsyst00linngoog/page/n259/mode/2up}}</ref> || India and Nepal, Pakistan<br />{{IUCN status|CR}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps bengalensis'' |author=BirdLife International |date=2017 |page=e.T22695194A118307773}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:Cape Vulture - Giant Castle - South-Africa 010002 (15444476446).jpg|frameless]] || [[Cape vulture]] ''G. coprotheres'' ([[Johann Reinhold Forster|Forster]], 1798)<ref>{{cite book |author=Forster, J. R. |year=1798 |title=F. le Vaillant's Naturgeschichte der afrikanischen Vögel |location=Halle |publisher=Bey Fried. Christoph Dreyssig |pages=35–37 |chapter=Le Chasse-siente, der Rothjäger. No. 10 (V. Coprotheres) |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/flevaillantsnatu00leva/page/n71/mode/2up}}</ref> || Southern Africa<br />
{{IUCN status|VU}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps coprotheres'' |author=BirdLife International |date=2021 |page=e.T22695225A197073171 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22695225A197073171.en |access-date=10 December 2021}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:Vulture_and_Jackal_eating_together.jpg|frameless]] || [[Indian vulture]] ''G. indicus'' ([[Giovanni Antonio Scopoli|Scopoli]], 1786)<ref>{{cite book |author=Scopoli, J. A. |year=1786–88 |title=Deliciae Flora et Fauna Insubricae Ticini. An account including new descriptions of the birds and mammals collected by Pierre Sonnerat on his voyages |location=London |publisher=C. J. Clay |pages=7–18 |chapter=Aves |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924005326800/page/n13/mode/2up}}</ref> || Pakistan, India and Nepal<br />{{IUCN status|CR}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps indicus'' |author=BirdLife International |year=2017 |page=e.T22729731A117875047}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:Slender-billed_Vulture,_Mishmi_Hills,_India.jpg|frameless]] || [[Slender-billed vulture]] ''G. tenuirostris'' [[George Robert Gray|Gray]], 1844<ref>{{cite book |author=Gray, G.R. |year=1844 |title=The genera of birds : comprising their generic characters, a notice of the habits of each genus, and an extensive list of species referred to their several genera |volume=1 |publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans |location=London |chapter=Vulturinae, or Vultures |pages=5–6 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/generabirdsIGray/page/6/mode/2up}}</ref> || India<br />{{IUCN status|CR}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps tenuirostris'' |author=BirdLife International |year=2017 |page=e.T22729460A117367614}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:Rüppell's Vulture (Gyps rueppelli) (21160089681).jpg|frameless]] || [[Rüppell's vulture]]  ''G. rueppelli'' ([[Alfred Brehm|Brehm]], 1852)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Brehm, A. |year=1852 |title=Beiträge zur Ornithologie Nord-Ost Afrikas, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die in Europa vorkommenden Arten der Vögel |journal=Naumannia |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=38–51 |url=https://archive.org/details/naumanniaarchivf02deut/page/44/mode/2up}}</ref> || [[Sahel]] and East Africa<br />{{IUCN status|CR}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps rueppelli'' |author=BirdLife International |page=e.T22695207A118595083 |year=2017}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:White-backed Vulture Chobe.jpg|frameless]] || [[White-backed vulture]] ''G. africanus'' [[Tommaso Salvadori|Salvadori]], 1865<ref>{{cite journal |author=Salvadori, T. |year=1865 |title=Descrizione di una nuova species d'Avoltojo (''Gyps africana'') |journal=Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia |issue=126 |page=1 |url=http://augusto.agid.gov.it/gazzette/index/download/id/1865126_PM}}</ref> || West and center, East, Southern Africa<br />{{IUCN status|CR}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps africanus'' |author=BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year=2018 |page=e.T22695189A126667006}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align: top;
|[[File:Himalayan Griffon - Bhutan S4E0109 (15464421711).jpg|frameless]] || [[Himalayan vulture]] ''G. himalayensis'' [[Allan Octavian Hume|Hume]], 1869<ref>{{cite book |author=Hume, A. O. H. |year=1869 |title=My scrap book: or rough notes on Indian oology and ornithology |location=Calcutta |publisher=C.B. Lewis, Baptist Mission Press |pages=12–18 |chapter=''Gyps fulvus'', Gmel. (''Gyps himalayensis'', nobis.)  |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/myscrapbookorrou00hume/page/12/mode/2up}}</ref> || [[File:GypsHimalayensisMap.svg|frameless]]<br />{{IUCN status|NT}}<ref>{{cite iucn |title=''Gyps himalayensis'' |author=BirdLife International |year=2016 |page=e.T22695215A118594518}}</ref>
|-
|}

Two fossil species have been described:
* † Maltese vulture ''G. melitensis'' [[Richard Lydekker|Lydekker]], 1890<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Lydekker, R. |year=1890 |title=On the remains of some large extinct birds from the cavern-deposits of Malta |journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London |volume=28 |issue=III |pages=403–411 |url=https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofgen90scie/page/404/mode/2up}}</ref> – Fossil remains were found in [[Middle Pleistocene|Middle]] to [[Late Pleistocene]] sites all over the central and eastern [[Mediterranean]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Marco, A. S. |year=2007 |title=New occurrences of the extinct vulture ''Gyps melitensis'' (Falconiformes, Aves) and a reappraisal of the paleospecies |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=1057–1061|doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[1057:NOOTEV]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=198131101 }}</ref>
* † ''<span class="anchor" id="Gyps bochenskii">G. bochenskii</span>'' Boev, 2010 – Fossil remains were found near [[Varshets]] in northwestern [[Bulgaria]] that were dated to the [[Late Pliocene]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Boev, Z. |year=2010 |title=''Gyps bochenskii'' sp. n. (Aves: Falconiformes) from the Late Pliocene of Varshets (NW Bulgaria) |journal=Acta Zoologica Bulgarica |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=211–242 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297836235}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Vulture}}
{{Accipitrimorphae|A.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q126630}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Gyps| ]]
[[Category:Bird genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Marie Jules César Savigny]]