Editing HMS Ithuriel (H05)

{{short description|Destroyer of the Royal Navy}}
{{other ships|HMS Ithuriel|TCG Gayret}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=HMS Ithuriel 1942 IWM FL 22375.jpg
|Ship caption=
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{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship country=United Kingdom
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}}
|Ship name=''Ithuriel''
|Ship namesake=
|Ship owner=
|Ship operator=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Vickers-Armstrongs]]
|Ship original cost=
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|Ship laid down=  24 May 1939
|Ship launched=  15 December 1940
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed= 
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=  3 March 1942
|Ship identification=[[Pennant number]]: H05
|Ship motto= 
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate= Damaged beyond repair by enemy aircraft, 28 November 1942
|Ship notes=
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{{Infobox ship characteristics
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|Header caption=(as built)
|Ship class={{sclass2|I|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|1360|LT|t|lk=on}} ([[Standard displacement|standard]])
*{{convert|1880|LT|t}} ([[deep load]])
|Ship length={{convert|323|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|33|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|12|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=*3 [[Admiralty 3-drum boiler]]s
*{{cvt|34000|shp|lk=on}}
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts, 2 geared [[steam turbine]]s
|Ship speed={{convert|35.5|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range={{convert|5500|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn}}
|Ship complement=145
|Ship sensors=*[[ASDIC]]
*[[Type 286 radar|Type 286]] [[search radar]]
|Ship armament=*4 × single [[4.7 inch QF Mark IX|4.7 in (120&nbsp;mm) guns]]
*1 × single [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|12 pdr ({{cvt|3|in|0}})]] [[AA gun]]
*4 × single [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|{{cvt|20|mm|1}}]] AA guns
*1 × quadruple [[British 21-inch torpedo|21 in (533&nbsp;mm)]] [[torpedo tubes]]
*1 × rack and 2 throwers for 35 [[depth charge]]s
}}
{{Infobox service record
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|operations=*[[Operation Harpoon (1942)]]
*[[Operation Pedestal]]
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}}
|}
'''HMS ''Ithuriel''''' was an {{sclass2|I|destroyer}} built for the [[Turkish Navy]], but was purchased by the [[Royal Navy]] in 1939.

==Description==
The I-class ships were improved versions of the preceding [[G and H-class destroyer|H-class]]. They displaced {{convert|1370|LT|t|lk=on}} at [[Displacement (ship)|standard]] load and {{convert|1888|LT|t}} at [[deep load]]. The ships had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|323|ft|m|1}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|33|ft|m|1}} and a [[draft (hull)|draught]] of {{convert|12|ft|6|in|m|1}}. They were powered by two [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] geared [[steam turbine]]s, each driving one [[propeller shaft]], using steam provided by three [[Admiralty three-drum boiler]]s. The turbines developed a total of {{convert|34000|shp|lk=on}} and were intended to give a maximum speed of {{convert|35.5|kn|lk=in}}.<ref name=l6/> ''Ithuriel'' reached a speed of {{convert|32.6|kn}} from {{cvt|34368|shp}} during her [[sea trial]]s.<ref>March, p. 315</ref> The ships carried enough [[fuel oil]] to give them a range of {{convert|5500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}. Their crew numbered 145 officers and [[Naval rating|ratings]].<ref name=l6>Lenton, p. 163</ref>

The ships mounted four [[4.7 inch QF Mark XII|4.7-inch (120&nbsp;mm) Mark IX guns]] in single mounts, designated 'A', 'B', 'X' and 'Y' from [[bow (ship)|bow]] to [[stern]]. While under construction, their [[Anti-aircraft warfare|anti-aircraft (AA)]] armament was augmented by a single [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|12-pounder ({{cvt|3|in|0}})]] AA gun that replaced the planned aft set of [[torpedo tube]]s. In addition the intended pair of quadruple mounts for the [[Vickers .50 machine gun|0.5&nbsp;inch Vickers Mark III]] [[machine gun]] were replaced by a pair of [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|{{convert|20|mm|1|adj=on|sp=us}} Oerlikon]] light AA guns. The Turkish ships were fitted with a single above-water quadruple torpedo tube mount [[amidships]] for [[British 21 inch torpedo|{{convert|21|in|adj=on|0}}]] torpedoes.<ref>Whitley, p. 111</ref> One [[depth charge]] rack and two throwers were fitted for 35 depth charges.<ref>English, p. 141</ref> The Turkish ships were fitted with the [[ASDIC]] sound detection system to locate submarines underwater<ref>Hodges & Friedman, p. 16</ref> and a [[Type 286 radar|Type 286]] [[search radar]].<ref name=l6/>

==Construction and career==
''Ithuriel'' was [[laid down]] as ''Gayret'' for the [[Turkish Navy]] by [[Vickers Armstrong]] at their [[Barrow-in-Furness]] [[shipyard]] on 24 May 1939, but it was taken over by the [[Royal Navy]] at the outbreak of the [[Second World War]] whilst still under construction. She was launched on 15 December 1940 and commissioned on 3 March 1942. In the Second World War, she took part in [[Operation Harpoon (1942)|Operation Harpoon]] & [[Operation Pedestal]], the escorting of [[Malta Convoys|convoys to Malta]] in June & August 1942. During Operation Pedestal, she depth charged & rammed the {{ship|Italian submarine|Cobalto||6}}, causing the submarine to sink.<ref>Hastings, p. 230</ref>

''Ithuriel'' was attacked by German aircraft at [[Annaba (city)|Bone]] in [[Algeria]] on the night of 27–28 November 1942 and damaged beyond repair. On 29 November, she was beached &temporary repairs were started. In January 1943, repairs proceeded enough to allow for towing. On 27 February, the destroyer was towed to Algiers for survey. In March, ''Ithuriel'' was declared beyond local repair and laid up at [[Algiers]].

In August, she was prepared for tow to [[Gibraltar]]. On 18 August, she sailed under tow from Algiers to Gibraltar. That September ''Ithuriel'' was placed in care and maintenance for use at Gibraltar. In October, she was deployed at Gibraltar for accommodation & training duties.

In July 1944, the vessel was prepared for tow to the United Kingdom. On 1 August, ''Ithuriel'' began her passage to [[Plymouth]] under tow by the tug ''Prosperous''. On 8 August, she was paid off on arrival at Plymouth and placed on the Disposal List. The destroyer was sold to the [[British Iron & Steel Corporation]] for demolition by P & W McLellan. On 11 August, ''Ithuriel'' made her final voyage to [[Bo'ness]], near [[Edinburgh]]. She arrived on 13 August at the breaker's yard. (Discrepancy in records as to whether she was sold for scrap in 1944 or 1945.)

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{Cite Colledge2006}}
* {{cite book|last=English|first=John|title=Amazon to Ivanhoe: British Standard Destroyers of the 1930s|year=1993|publisher=World Ship Society|location=Kendal, England|isbn=0-905617-64-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Destroyers & Frigates: The Second World War and After|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=2006|isbn=1-86176-137-6|author-link=Norman Friedman}}
* {{cite book |last=Hastings |first=Max |author-link=Max Hastings| title=Operation Pedestal: The Fleet That Battled to Malta, 1942|year=2021 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-06-298015-1}}
* {{cite book |last=Hodges |first=Peter |author2=Friedman, Norman |title=Destroyer Weapons of World War 2 |year=1979 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=Greenwich |isbn=978-0-85177-137-3|name-list-style=amp }}
* {{cite book|last=Lenton|first=H. T.|authorlink=Henry Trevor Lenton|title=British & Empire Warships of the Second World War|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1998|isbn=1-55750-048-7}}
* {{cite book|last=March|first=Edgar J.|title=British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892-1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans|year=1966|publisher=Seeley Service|location=London |oclc=164893555}}
* {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2|author-link=Jürgen Rohwer}}
* {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1988|isbn=0-87021-326-1|location=Annapolis, Maryland|author-link=Michael J. Whitley}}

{{I class destroyer}}
{{November 1942 shipwrecks}}
{{coord missing|Mediterranean}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ithuriel (H05)}}
[[Category:Demirhisar-class destroyers]]
[[Category:I-class destroyers of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness]]
[[Category:1940 ships]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Destroyers sunk by aircraft]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in November 1942]]
[[Category:Ships sunk by German aircraft]]