Editing Halothiobacillus

{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Halothiobacillus''
| image = Carboxysomes EM.jpg
| image_caption = ''H. neapolitanus'' with carboxysomes
| domain = [[Bacteria]]
| phylum = [[Pseudomonadota]]
| classis = [[Gammaproteobacteria]]
| ordo = [[Chromatiales]]
| familia = [[Halothiobacillaceae]]
| genus = '''''Halothiobacillus'''''
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 
''[[Halothiobacillus kellyi]]'' <br>
''[[Halothiobacillus neapolitanus]]''<BR>
}}

'''''Halothiobacillus''''' is a genus in the ''[[Gammaproteobacteria]]''. Both species are [[obligate aerobic]] bacteria; they require oxygen to grow. They are also [[halotolerant]]; they live in environments with high concentrations of salt or other solutes, but don't require them in order to grow.

The type species of this genus, ''[[Halothiobacillus neapolitanus]]'' used to be members of the genus ''[[Thiobacillus]]'', before they were reclassified in 2000.<ref name=KellyWood2000>Kelly, D.P., and Wood, A.P. "Reclassification of some species of ''Thiobacillus'' to the newly designated genera ''[[Acidithiobacillus]]'' gen. nov., ''Halothiobacillus'' gen. nov. and ''[[Thermithiobacillus]]'' gen. nov." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2000) 50:489-500.</ref> A further two former ''[[Thiobacillus]]'' spp. were also reclassified as ''[[Halothiobacillus halophilus]]'' and ''[[Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis]]'', both of which were obligate [[halophile]]s rather than being halotolerant and showed comparatively low [[16S rRNA]] gene identity to ''[[Halothiobacillus neapolitanus]]'' and so were reclassified to the newly designated genus ''[[Guyparkeria]]'' in 2017, as ''[[Guyparkeria halophila]]'' and ''[[Guyparkeria hydrothermalis]]''.<ref name=Boden2017>{{cite journal|author=Boden R |title=Reclassification of ''Halothiobacillus hydrothermalis'' and ''Halothiobacillus halophilus'' to ''Guyparkeria'' gen. nov. in the ''Thioalkalibacteraceae'' fam. nov., with emended descriptions of the genus ''Halothiobacillus'' and family ''Halothiobacillaceae''. |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=67 |date=2017 |pages=3919–3928 |url=http://ijs.microbiologyresearch.org/pubmed/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.002222 |pmid=28884673 |accessdate=9 December 2017 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.002222|doi-access=free |hdl=10026.1/9982 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

==Environmental importance==
''Halothiobacillus'' spp. and other [[chemolithoautotrophic]] organisms play an important role in global carbon and sulfur cycles.  They are able to depend entirely on inorganic compounds (CO<sub>2</sub> and reduced sulfur) for their carbon and energy needs, but can assimilate some [[Krebs cycle]] intermediates during [[autotrophic]] growth.<ref name=Boden2017 />

==Species==
* ''[[Halothiobacillus kellyi]]''
* ''[[Halothiobacillus neapolitanus]]'' (basonym: ''Thiobacillus neapolitanus''<ref name=KellyWood2000 />), the type strain of which is ParkerX<sup>T</sup>, isolated from decomposing concrete in the sewer outfall of [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]] by Cecil David 'Guy' Parker in the 1940s - this strain is now a common model organism for autotrophy research, in particular study of [[carboxysome]]s and their role in carbon concentration and maintaining [[RuBisCO]] efficiency during autotrophic growth.<ref name=Boden2017 />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150712063731/http://genome.jgi-psf.org/halne/halne.home.html Genome page for ''Halothiobacillus neapolitanus c2'' at the Joint Genome Institute]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q141419}}

[[Category:Bacteria genera]]
[[Category:Halothiobacillaceae]]


{{Chromatiales-stub}}