Editing Hamilton Standard

{{short description|American aircraft propeller manufacturer}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Hamilton Standard
| logo = File:Hamilton Standard Propeller Company Logo (1937).png
| logo_size = 
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
| genre = 
| fate = Merged
| predecessor = Hamilton Aero Manufacturing and Standard Steel Propeller
| successor = [[Hamilton Sundstrand]]
| foundation = {{sda|1929}}
| founder = 
| defunct = {{End date|1999}}
| location_city = [[Windsor Locks, Connecticut]]
| location_country = United States
| locations = 
| area_served = 
| key_people = [[Frank W. Caldwell]]
| industry = [[Aerospace]]
| products = 
| services = 
| revenue = 
| operating_income = 
| net_income = 
| owner = 
| num_employees = 
| parent = 
| divisions = 
| subsid = 
| slogan = 
| homepage = 
| footnotes = 
}}

'''Hamilton Standard''' was an American [[aircraft]] [[propeller (aircraft)|propeller]] parts supplier. It was formed in 1929 when [[United Aircraft and Transport Corporation]] consolidated Hamilton Aero Manufacturing and Standard Steel Propeller into the Hamilton Standard Propeller Corporation.  Other members of United Aircraft included [[Boeing]], [[United Airlines]], [[Sikorsky Aircraft|Sikorsky]] and [[Pratt & Whitney]].  At the time, Hamilton was the largest manufacturer of aircraft propellers in the world.

==History==
[[File:1,000th Controllable Pitch Propeller produced by Hamilton NASM-NAM-A-3738.jpg|thumb|The 1,000th controllable pitch propeller produced by Hamilton Standard with the 1933 Collier Trophy-winning team that designed it]]
[[File:Engine of Douglas DC-3.jpg|thumb|Hamilton Standard propeller on [[Douglas DC-3]] of [[American Airlines]]]]
[[File:DC-6B Hamilton Standard propeller.JPG|thumb|Hamilton Standard three-bladed propeller used on a [[Douglas DC-6]]]]

Standard Steel Propeller had been formed in 1918 in [[Pittsburgh]], Pennsylvania, and Hamilton Aero Manufacturing had been formed in 1920 in [[Milwaukee]], Wisconsin, by [[Thomas F. Hamilton]].  [[Charles Lindbergh]]'s ''[[Spirit of St. Louis]]'' used a propeller made by Standard Steel Propeller Company in his historic solo crossing of the Atlantic Ocean. The two companies were merged in 1929 by the [[United Aircraft and Transport Corporation]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Announcement |magazine=Aero Digest |date=January 1930 |publisher=Aeronautical Digest Publishing Corporation |volume=16 |issue=1 |page=24 |url=https://archive.org/details/aerodigest1619unse/page/n29 |accessdate=28 June 2021}}</ref>

In the early 1930s, [[Frank Walker Caldwell|Frank W. Caldwell]]  of Hamilton Standard led a team that developed a variable-pitch propeller, using hydraulic pressure and centrifugal force to change the [[angle of attack]] of the blades. Caldwell received the 1933 [[Collier Trophy]] for this advance in flight propulsion. Later advances included full-feathering and reversible propellers.

Hamilton Standard was a division of [[United Aircraft|United Aircraft Corporation]] (1934) along with Pratt & Whitney (engines).

In the early 1950s Hamilton developed the technology to accurately meter fuel in jet engines, and its fuel controls were employed on [[Boeing 707]]s and [[Douglas DC-8]]s, as well as most other Pratt & Whitney jet engines. In 1952, Hamilton Standard opened its plant in [[Windsor Locks, Connecticut]]. In 1958, Hamilton's first environmental control system entered service on the [[Convair 880]].  In 1968, Hamilton began delivering automatic, electronic systems for control of cabin pressure in aircraft.  Hamilton's mechanical fuel controls, in use since the 1950s, evolved into electronically controlled fuel controls, and eventually, to full-authority digital electronic controls ([[FADEC]]) for jet engines, which are in use today on many commuter, airline, and military engine applications.  Hamilton's environmental systems and early association with [[NASA]] were highlighted in the 1969 [[Apollo 11]] Moon landing – supported by environmental control, [[fuel cell]], and [[Primary Life Support System#Apollo PLSS|life support]] systems manufactured by Hamilton Standard.

[[General Motors]]' propeller business, which originated with its purchase of Aeroproducts in 1940, was acquired by Hamilton Standard in 1990.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aeroproducts Propellers |url=http://www.enginehistory.org/Propellers/Aeroproducts/aeroproducts.shtml |website=Aircraft Engine Historical Society |access-date=6 April 2022}}</ref>

==Mergers==
{{Main|Hamilton Sundstrand}}
In 1999, the [[United Technologies Corporation]] acquired the [[Sundstrand Corporation]] and merged it with Hamilton to form [[Hamilton Sundstrand]].  Sundstrand brought a long history and portfolio of aerospace products to the newly named company.  Hamilton Sundstrand continues to provide aerospace components and systems to most of the world's aircraft manufacturers, including [[Boeing]], [[Airbus]], [[Bombardier Aerospace|Bombardier]], and [[Embraer]].

In 2012 Hamilton Sundstrand merged with [[Goodrich Corporation]] to become [[UTC Aerospace Systems]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://utcaerospacesystems.com/Company/Pages/history.aspx|title=UTC Aerospace Systems – Ideas Born to Fly|website=utcaerospacesystems.com}}</ref> In 2018, UTC merged UTC Aerospace Systems with [[Rockwell Collins]] to form [[Collins Aerospace]].

==See also==
*[[List of aircraft propeller manufacturers]]
*[[Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 529]]
*[[Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 2311]]

== References ==
{{commons category}}

{{Reflist}}
{{UTC Aerospace Systems}}

[[Category:Aerospace companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Aircraft propeller manufacturers]]
[[Category:Companies based in Hartford County, Connecticut]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1929]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1929]]
[[Category:1929 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1999]]
[[Category:American companies disestablished in 1999]]
[[Category:1999 disestablishments in Connecticut]]