Editing Hanbi

{{Short description|Mesopotamian god of evil}}
{{Mesopotamian myth|expanded=5}}

In [[Sumerian religion|Sumerian]] and [[Akkadian literature#Mythology|Akkadian mythology]] (and [[Mesopotamian myths|Mesopotamian mythology]] in general) '''Hanbi''' or '''Hanpa''' (more commonly known in western text) was the lord of evil, lord of all evil forces ([[Udug|Udug]]) and the father of [[Pazuzu]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bane |first=Theresa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=njDRfG6YVb8C&dq=Hanbi+is+father+of+pazuzu&pg=PA157 |title=Encyclopedia of Demons in World Religions and Cultures |date=2014-01-10 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-8894-0 |pages=157 |language=en}}</ref> 

Aside from his relationship with [[Pazuzu]], very little is known of this figure.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sarissa.org/sumer/sumer_g.php |title=Sumerian Deities |website=Sarissa.org |access-date=2010-09-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220041749/http://sarissa.org/sumer/sumer_g.php |archive-date=2010-12-20 }}</ref>{{Not in citation|date=December 2022}}

Some have connected Hanbi to [[Helel]], the [[Jewish]] name generally equated to [[Lucifer]] in Christian thought. However, Hanbi's characteristic of being a shadow born in the underworld, different from the Sumerian gods ([[Dingir]]) of the underworld, would make him more similar to the concept of the Jewish [[shedim]] and [[se'iri]] or the [[Islam]]ic [[shaitan]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2025}}

==See also==
* [[List of Mesopotamian deities]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:Mesopotamian gods]]
[[Category:Mesopotamian demons]]
[[Category:Evil gods]]
[[Category:Pazuzu]]

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