Editing Heavy Equipment Transport System

{{Short description|US logistics vehicle}}
[[File:HETT.jpg|right|thumb|An [[Oshkosh M1070]] with M1000 trailer loading an [[M88 Recovery Vehicle]] in southern Iraq]]
'''Heavy Equipment Transporter System''' ('''HETS''') is the name of a U.S. Army [[logistics]] vehicle transport system, the primary purpose of which is to transport the [[M1 Abrams]] tank. It is also used to transport, deploy, and evacuate [[armored personnel carrier]]s, [[self-propelled artillery]], [[armored bulldozer]]s, and other heavy vehicles and equipment.

The current U.S. Army vehicle used in this role is an [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh]]-built [[Oshkosh M1070|M1070]] tractor unit in A0 and A1 configurations which is coupled to a [[DRS Technologies]] M1000 semi-trailer.<ref>{{Cite web|title =Heavy Equipment Transporter System (HETS) |url =http://asc.army.mil/web/portfolio-item/cs-css-heavy-equipment-transporter-system-hets/|archive-url =https://archive.today/20200924182231/https://asc.army.mil/web/portfolio-item/cs-css-heavy-equipment-transporter-system-hets/|url-status =dead|archive-date =September 24, 2020|access-date = August 8, 2017|publisher = United States Army Acquisition Support Center.|date =October 15, 2005}}</ref> This combination replaced the earlier [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh]]-built M911 tractor unit and M747 semi-trailer.

== M1070 and M1000 ==
[[File:A Fox NBC-detection vehicle is transported by a HETS trailer.jpg|thumb|An [[Oshkosh M1070]] 8×8 Heavy Equipment Transporter (HET) tractor pulling a M1000 HETS trailer, carrying a [[slat armor|slat-armored]] [[M93 Fox|M93 Fox NBC detection vehicle]] near Baghdad, Iraq]]
{{Main|Oshkosh M1070}}

To meet a US Army requirement for the transport of the M1 Abrams series main battle tank (MBT) [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh Truck Corporation]], now Oshkosh Defense, proposed the [[Oshkosh M1070|M1070]]. A contract for 1,044 M1070s was placed, with production commencing in July 1992.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer">{{cite web |url=https://janes.ihs.com/CustomPages/Janes/DisplayPage.aspx?DocType=Reference&ItemId=+++1501708&Pubabbrev=JLSU |title=Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer |publisher=IHS Jane's Shaun C Connors & Christopher F Foss |date=2015-08-27 |access-date=2015-09-22 |archive-date=2020-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304171954/https://janes.ihs.com/CustomPages/Janes/DisplayPage.aspx?DocType=Reference&ItemId=+++1501708&Pubabbrev=JLSU |url-status=dead }}</ref> The final U.S. Army contract for the original A0 version called for 195 vehicles. These were delivered between March 2001 and March 2003. A total of 2,488 A0 versions were delivered to the U.S. Army.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer"/> Following extensive use, some M1070s have been reset to the original build standard by Oshkosh.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer"/>

The M1070E1 model was developed in the mid-1990s in conjunction with the U.S. Army as a possible Technology Insertion Program (TIP) for the M1070. No orders were placed.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer"/>

In March 2008, [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh Defense]] announced a contract award from the U.S. Army to begin engineering and initial production of the next-generation of HET.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer"/> Oshkosh announced in October 2010 its first delivery order for the [[Oshkosh M1070|M1070A1]] HET. Production of the M1070A1 concluded in August 2014, with 1,591 new vehicles built.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer"/>

The M1000 trailer is used with the M1070A0 and M1070A1 tractors.<ref name="TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR'S MANUAL FOR TRUCK, TRACTOR, 8X8 M1070 A1 NSN 2320-01-564-6882">{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/49199765/TM-9-2320-427-10-M1070A1|title=TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR'S MANUAL FOR TRUCK, TRACTOR, 8X8 M1070 A1 NSN 2320-01-564-6882 |publisher=US Army |access-date=2015-09-28}}</ref> The M1000 was originally developed as a private venture by Southwest Mobile Systems, later Systems & Electronics Inc (SEI), now [[DRS Technologies]], as a response to a possible US Army requirement for transporting M1 and M1A1 MBTs. A production order for 1,066 M1000 units was placed by the U.S. Army in 1989. By July 2009 more than 2,600 M1000 trailers had been ordered.<ref name="Jane's Logistics, Support & Unmanned 2015-2016 Oshkosh M1070 and M1070A1 (8 × 8) Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs) and M1000 semi-trailer"/>
*The M1070 and M1000 are both air-transportable by [[C-5 Galaxy]] or [[C-17 Globemaster III]] aircraft.
*The M1070 replaced the [[Scammell Commander]] as the [[British Army]] heavy tank transporter in 2001. The UK version ([[Oshkosh M1070|M1070F]]) is compliant with European legislation on emissions (EURO III).

== Previous heavy equipment transports ==

=== M25 tank transporter ===
{{main|M25 tank transporter}}
The ''M25 tank transporter'' was a heavy [[tank transporter]] and [[tank]] [[recovery vehicle]] used in [[World War II]] and beyond by the [[US Army]]. Nicknamed the ''Dragon Wagon'', the M25 was composed of a 6×6 armored tractor (''M26'') and 40-ton trailer (''M15'').

=== M746/M747 – M911/M747 ===
[[File:M911 Tractor Truck with a HET semitrailer.png|thumb|A M911 tractor and a M747 trailer with a [[M60 Patton]] tank]]
[[File:M911 Oskhos.JPG|thumb|A M911 tractor at [[Schweizerisches Militärmuseum Full]]]]
[[File:M911 U.S. Military logging truck.jpg|thumb|A [[Oshkosh M911]] tractor hauling a load]]
Prior to 1993, the U.S. Army employed the '''Commercial Heavy Equipment Transporter''' (C-HET), which consisted of either the '''M746''' or the '''M911 truck tractor''' and the '''M747 semitrailer'''.

*The M746 was an 8×8, 22{{1/2}}-ton tractor built by [[Ward LaFrance]] from 1975 to 1977. Approximately 125-185 were built.
*The [[Axle#Lift axle|lift axle]], 8×6, [[Oshkosh M911]] superseded the M746 after 1977.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usarc.army.mil/88thRSC/other_units/history_museum/trucks.htm |title=Fort Snelling Military Museum |access-date=2006-11-15 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060921122416/http://www.usarc.army.mil/88thRSC/other_units/history_museum/trucks.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2006-09-21}}</ref>

During operations [[Operation Desert Shield (Gulf War)|Desert Shield]] and [[Desert Storm]] the M911 vehicles were employed primarily to haul [[M1 Abrams]] tanks. However, they demonstrated poor durability when loads exceeded 60 tons. Some are still serving as heavy transports of other military equipment, such as cargo handling equipment.

==== General characteristics ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! M911 tractor
! M746 tractor
! M747 trailer
|-
! Length:
| 30 feet
| 27 feet
| 48.2 feet
|-
! Width:
| 9.5 feet
| 10 feet
| 11.5 feet
|-
! Height:
| 11.8 feet
| 10 feet
| 6.8 feet
|-
! Weight:
| 26.3 tons
| 25.8 tons
| 17.1 tons
|-
! Speed:
| 43 miles per hour
| 38 miles per hour
| N/A
|-
! Range:
| 614 miles
| 200 miles
| N/A
|-
! Crew:
| 2
| 2
| N/A
|-
! Engine:
| 430&nbsp;hp [[Detroit Diesel Series 92]] (8V92TA)
| 12 cyl Detroit Diesel 12V71T, 600&nbsp;bhp @ 2500 rpm
|
|-
! Transmission:
| 5-speed automatic
|
| N/A
|}

== Operators ==
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
*{{EGY}} (Oshkosh M1070)
*{{GRE}} (Oshkosh M911)
*{{IRQ}} (Oshkosh M1070)
*{{ISR}} (DRS M1000)
*{{JOR}} (Oshkosh M1070
*{{MAR}} (Oshkosh M911)
*{{OMN}} (Oshkosh M911)
*{{SAU}} (Oshkosh M1070/Oshkosh M911)
*{{flag|Sudan}} (Oshkosh M911)<ref name="BDAR"/>
*{{THA}} (Oshkosh M911)<ref name="BDAR"/>
*{{UAE}} (Oshkosh Global HET)
*{{UK}}  (Oshkosh 1070F)
*{{USA}} (Oshkosh M1070/Oshkosh M911)
*{{flag|Yemen}} (Oshkosh M911)<ref name="BDAR">{{cite book|chapter=Annex C Appendix II|title=US Army Technical Manual of Foreign Military Sales: Battlefield Damage Assessment and Repair|url=http://imfmotorpool.com/063247.PDF |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://imfmotorpool.com/063247.PDF |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|id=TM 9-2320-356-BD|location=Washington, D.C. |date=18 December 1987|page=264 (C-4)}}</ref>
}}

== See also ==
*[[List of U.S. military vehicles by model number]]
*[[Dragon Wagon (disambiguation)]]
*[[SLT 50 Elefant]]
*[[Mercedes-Benz Actros#Military variants|Actros Armoured Heavy Support Vehicle System]]
*[[Shipyard transporter]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Heavy Equipment Transport System}}
*[http://www.army-technology.com/projects/oshkosh/ Project Details of the Oshkosh 1070F]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070614041003/http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/wheeled/m1070.html US Army Fact File M1070 Heavy Equipment Transporter]
*[http://www.oshkoshcorporation.com/ Oshkosh Corporation Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160906091404/http://oshkoshcorporation.com/ |date=2016-09-06 }}
*[http://oshkoshdefense.com/variants/m1070a1// Oshkosh Corporation Defense Website; M1070A1 page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011191546/http://oshkoshdefense.com/variants/m1070a1/ |date=2015-10-11 }}

{{Oshkosh Corporation}}

[[Category:Military trucks of the United States]]
[[Category:Military vehicles introduced in the 1990s]]
[[Category:Oshkosh vehicles]]
[[Category:Tank transporters]]
[[Category:Heavy haulage]]