Editing Hellabrunn Zoo

{{short description|Zoo in Munich, Germany}}
{{Infobox zoo
|zoo_name         = Hellabrunn Zoo
|logo             =
|logo_caption     =
|image            = Hellabrunn Elefantenhaus 2016.jpg
|image_caption    = The elephant house was built in 1914.
|location         = [[Munich]], [[Germany]]
|date_opened      = 1 August 1911<ref name="zoo_history"/>
|date_closed      =
|coordinates      = {{Coord|48|5|50|N|11|33|15|E|type:landmark_region:DE-BY_scale:5000|display=it}}
|area             = {{Convert|40|ha|abbr=on}}<ref name="zoo-infos"/>
|num_species      = 767 (2014)<ref name="zoo_report_2012"/>
|num_animals      = 18,943 (2014)<ref name="zoo_report_2012"/>
|largest_tank_vol =
|total_tank_vol   =
|annual_visitors  = 2,283,739 (2014)<ref name="zoo_report_2012"/>
|members          = [[European Association of Zoos and Aquaria|EAZA]],<ref name="eaza_list"/> [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums|WAZA]]<ref name="waza_list"/>
|exhibits         =
|website          = [https://www.hellabrunn.de/en/ www.hellabrunn.de]
}}

'''Hellabrunn Zoo''' ({{langx|de|Tierpark Hellabrunn}}) is a 40 hectare (99 acre) [[zoo|zoological garden]] in the [[Bavaria]]n capital of [[Munich]]. The zoo is situated on the right bank of the river [[Isar]], in the southern part of Munich near the quarter of [[Thalkirchen-Obersendling-Forstenried-Fürstenried-Solln|Thalkirchen]].

A high ratio of enclosures are cageless, relying upon moat features to keep the animals in place.
The zoo was the first zoo in the world not organized by species, but also by geographical aspects. For example, the [[wood bison]] share their enclosure with [[prairie dog]]s.

In 2013, the zoo was ranked the fourth best zoo in Europe (up from 12th).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/muenchner-tierpark-hellabrunn-der-zoo-der-stadt-muenchen/zoo-ranking.html |title=Zoo-Ranking |date=2013-08-29 |publisher=Tierpark Hellabrunn |language=de |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130829164323/http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/muenchner-tierpark-hellabrunn-der-zoo-der-stadt-muenchen/zoo-ranking.html |archive-date=2013-08-29 |access-date=2016-10-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Sheridan | first = Anthony | title = Das A und O im Zoo Europas führende Zoologische Gärten 2010 - 2020 | publisher = Schüling, K | location = Münster, Westf | year = 2011 | isbn = 9783865231840 }}</ref> It focuses on conservation and [[captive breeding]] rare species such as the rare [[drill (mammal)|drill]] and [[silvery gibbon]]s. Also [[gorilla]]s, [[giraffe]]s, [[elephant]]s, [[wood bison]]s, [[Eurasian elk|elk]] and [[Arctic fox]]es were successfully bred in the zoo, which houses many species. It is one of the very few zoos that allows visitors to bring dogs.

Tierpark Hellabrunn is a member of the [[European Association of Zoos and Aquaria]] (EAZA) and the [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]] (WAZA) and participates in the [[European Endangered Species Programme]] (EEP).

== History ==
[[File:Zoologischer Garten München.jpg|thumb|Advertising from [[Ludwig Hohlwein]] for Hellabrunn Zoo (1912)]]
On 25 February 1905 the {{lang|de|Verein Zoologischer Garten München e.V.}} ({{Translation|Society of the Zoological Garden of Munich}}) was founded and the Hellabrunn area was chosen as the location for the zoo. The zoo was designed by [[architect]] [[Emanuel von Seidl]], and opened to the public on 1 August 1911.<ref name="zoo_history"/>
[[Image:ZOO Hellabrunn, München - sibirski tigrovi u hodu.jpg|thumb|A pair of Siberian tigers walking]]

In 1922, the zoo was closed due to the [[inflation]] in Germany. It was re-opened on 23 May 1928. It became the first [[Geo-Zoo]] in the world (animals were shown and kept with other animals of the same geographic region). It also engaged in controversial [[back-breeding]] to "recreate" [[List of extinct animals|extinct animals]] like [[Heck cattle]] (to mimic the [[Aurochs]]) and the [[Tarpan]].<ref name="zoo_history"/>

[[Lutz Heck]] was a renowned zoologist in Nazi Germany, his brother [[Heinz Heck]] was director of Hellabrunn Zoo at the time.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Zookeepers' War: An Incredible True Story from the Cold War |date=2020 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |author1=J.W. Mohnhaupt |isbn=9781501188503 |pages=7–8}}</ref> During [[World War II]], the zoo sustained extensive damage due to [[strategic bombing]] by the [[Allies of World War II]], but the zoo was able to reopen in May 1945.

In 1970, a badly needed plan for the renovation of the zoo was drawn up.

==Hellabrunn today==
In 2014 it was home to 18,943 animals representing 767 species.<ref name="zoo_report_2010"/>

The Tierpark Hellabrunn is very active in breeding, reintroduction and conservation projects.

Over 2.2 million people visited Hellabrunn in 2014.

As the [[groundwater]] level here is rather high and the water is of very good quality, the zoo can cover its needs for freshwater by using its own [[water well|well]]s.

==Attractions==
[[Image:hellabrunn menschenaffen.jpg|thumb|The jungle house was finished in 2005.]]

*The [[elephant]] house: Constructed in 1914, renovated 2011–2016
*The new [[jungle]] house which houses [[gorilla]]s, [[Common chimpanzee|chimpanzee]]s, [[Diana monkey]]s and [[American alligator]]s
*Rare but very acrobatic [[silvery gibbon]]s, [[spider monkey]]s and rare [[drill (mammal)|drills]]
*The new [[savannah]] house where visitors are separated only by a glass wall from the [[giraffe]]s
*The [[aquarium]] with the [[piranha]] feeding
*"Dracula's villa" – bats fly around visitors
*Many other buildings like the "Polarium"
* Guided tours – especially when it is dark and there is no one else in the zoo
* Children's birthday parties

==Notes==
{{Reflist |refs=

<ref name="zoo_history">{{Cite web
|url=http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/index.php?id=21&L=1&PHPSESSID=20518f66132944e199f4f1f0ad08445b
|title=History of the Munich Zoo
|work=tierpark-hellabrunn.de
|publisher=Hellabrunn Zoo
|access-date=27 November 2011
|archive-date=8 May 2012
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508061148/http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/index.php?id=21&L=1&PHPSESSID=7c17fd174b16f92d18ba28ea61d03c76
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="zoo_report_2012">{{Cite web
|url=http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/fileadmin/pdf/GBs/GB_2012_gesamt.pdf
|title=Geschäfts-Bericht 2012
|trans-title=2012 Annual Report
|work=tierpark-hellabrunn.de
|publisher=Hellabrunn Zoo
|access-date=11 June 2014
|language=de
}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

<ref name="zoo_report_2010">{{Cite web
|url=http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/fileadmin/pdf/GB_2010.pdf
|title=2010 Annual Report
|work=tierpark-hellabrunn.de
|publisher=Hellabrunn Zoo
|access-date=27 November 2011
|archive-date=12 June 2012
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612051150/http://www.tierpark-hellabrunn.de/fileadmin/pdf/GB_2010.pdf
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="eaza_list">
{{ZooOrg|eaza|zoos|access-date=27 November 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="waza_list">
{{ZooOrg|waza|zoos|access-date=27 November 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="zoo-infos">
{{Cite web
|url=http://www.zoo-infos.de/set-en.html?/zoos-en/275.html
|title=Munich Zoo
|work=zoo-infos.de
|publisher=Zoo-Infos.de
|access-date=23 November 2011
}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Tierpark Hellabrunn}}
*{{Official website|1=http://www.hellabrunn.de/en/munich-zoo/}}
* {{PM20|FID=co/046566|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}
*[http://zooinstitutes.com/zooinstitutes/munchener-tierpark-hellabrunn-64.html Hellabrunn Zoo] on [http://Zooinstitutes.com zooinstitutes.com]
{{Visitor attractions in Munich}}
{{Zoos of Germany}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Zoos in Germany]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Munich]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Munich]]