Editing Heng Samrin

{{Short description|Cambodian politician}}
{{Duplicated citations|reason=[[User:Polygnotus/DuplicateReferences|DuplicateReferences]] detected:<br>
* https://thediplomat.com/asean-beat/2011/09/21/heng-samrin-man-of-the-people/ (refs: 8, 9)
|date=March 2025}}
{{Family name hatnote|lang=Cambodian|Heng|Samrin}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[Excellency|His Excellency]]<br />[[Samdech|Samdech Akka Moha Ponhea Chakrei]]
| name                = Heng Samrin
| native_name         = {{nobold|ហេង សំរិន}}
| honorific-suffix    = 
| image               = Samdech Heng Samrin 2018 cropped.jpg
| caption             = Samrin in 2018
| order               = 
| office              = [[List of presidents of the National Assembly of Cambodia|President of the National Assembly]]
| deputy              = 
| term_start          = 21 March 2006
| term_end            = 22 August 2023
| monarch             = [[Norodom Sihamoni]]
| vicepresident       = [[Cheam Yeab]]<br>Khuon Sudary<br>[[Nguon Nhel]]<br>[[Say Chhum]]<br>[[Kem Sokha]]<br>[[You Hockry]]
| predecessor         = [[Norodom Ranariddh]]
| successor           = [[Khuon Sudary]]
{{collapsed infobox section begin |Additional positions}}
| office1             = 
| deputy1             = 
| president1          = 
| term_start1         = 
| term_end1           = 
| predecessor1        = 
| successor1          = 
| office5             = [[General Secretary of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party]]
| term_start5         = 5 December 1981
| term_end5           = 17 October 1991
| predecessor5        = [[Pen Sovan]]
| successor5          = [[Chea Sim]]<br>{{small|as President}}
| office6             = [[List of heads of state of Cambodia|President of the Council of State]]<br>Chairman of the People's Revolutionary Council until 27 June 1981
| primeminister6      = [[Pen Sovan]]<br>[[Chan Sy]]<br>[[Hun Sen]]
| term_start6         = 10 January 1979
| term_end6           = 6 April 1992
| predecessor6        = [[Khieu Samphan]]<br>{{small|as Chairman of the State Presidium}}
| successor6          = [[Chea Sim]]
| office7             = Member of the [[National Assembly of Cambodia|National Assembly]]
| term_start7         = 14 June 1993
| term_end7           = 
| constituency7       = [[Kandal (National Assembly constituency)|Kandal]] (1993–1998)<br>[[Kampong Cham (National Assembly constituency)|Kampong Cham]] (1998–2018)<br>[[Tboung Khmum Province|Tbong Khmum]] (2018–present)
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1934|5|25|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Ponhea Kraek District]], [[Kampong Cham Province]], [[French Protectorate of Cambodia|Cambodia]], [[French Indochina]]<br>(now in [[Tboung Khmum Province]])
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Cambodian People's Party]]
| otherparty          = [[Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation]]
| spouse              = Sao Ty
| children            = 4
| alma_mater          = 
| profession          = 
| signature           = 
| allegiance          = {{flag|Cambodia}}
| branch              = [[Royal Cambodian Army]]
| rank                = [[Field marshal|Five-Star General]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/royal-letter-sihanouk-praises-five-star-leaders|title = ROYAL LETTER: Sihanouk praises five star leaders}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://cppdailynews.blogspot.com/2009/12/his-majesty-promotes-cambodian-leaders.html | title=Welcome to Cambodian People's Party- CPP News and Information World Wide: His Majesty Promotes Cambodian Leaders to Five-Star General| date=27 December 2009}}</ref>
| native_name_lang    = km
}}
{{Contains special characters|Khmer}}'''Heng Samrin''' ({{langx|km|ហេង សំរិន}}; born 25 May 1934) is a [[Cambodia]]n [[politician]] who served as the [[President of the National Assembly of Cambodia]] (2006–2023). Between 1979 and 1992, he was the ''[[de facto]]'' leader of the [[Hanoi]]-backed [[People's Republic of Kampuchea]] (1979–1989) and [[People's Republic of Kampuchea#Transition and State of Cambodia (1989–1992)|State of Cambodia]] (1989–1992) and General Secretary of the [[Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party]] (1981–1991). He has been a [[member of Parliament]] since 14 June 1993. He is the oldest member of parliament, and the longest-serving president of the National Assembly in history. His honorary title is "'''Samdech Akka Moha Ponhea Chakrei Heng Samrin'''" ({{langx|km|សម្តេចអគ្គមហាពញាចក្រី ហេង សំរិន|link=no}}).

==Life and career==
Heng Samrin was born in [[Kampong Cham Province]], Cambodia, in 1934. He joined the [[Khmer Rouge]] communist movement led by [[Pol Pot]], and became a [[political commissar]] and army division commander when the Khmer Rouge, backed by [[China]], took over the [[Khmer Republic|government]] in 1975. In 1978, after a series of violent purges within the Khmer Rouge leadership in which many prominent cadre members whom Pol Pot felt might be rivals were executed, he fled to [[Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jackson|first1=Karl D.|title=Cambodia, 1975-1978: Rendezvous with Death|date=2014|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9781400851706|page=206|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=noWXAwAAQBAJ&q=Heng+Samrin+purge+1978&pg=PA206|access-date=16 November 2015}}</ref> 

In Vietnam, he was one of the founding members of the [[Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation]] (FUNSK).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kiernan |first=Ben |title=Genocide and resistance in Southeast Asia: documentation, denial, and justice in Cambodia and East Timor |date=2008 |publisher=Transaction Publisher |isbn=978-1-4128-0668-8 |location=New-Brunswick}}</ref> Later that year, Heng returned to Cambodia and organized a resistance movement with the backing and support of Vietnam and the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kiernan |first=Ben |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/148764573 |title=Genocide and resistance in Southeast Asia: documentation, denial & justice in Cambodia & East Timor |date=2008 |publisher=Transaction Publishers |isbn=978-1-4128-0668-8 |location=New Brunswick |oclc=148764573}}</ref>

After a [[Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia]] overthrew the [[Democratic Kampuchea|regime of Khmer Rouge]] in 1979, Vietnamese occupation authorities established the [[People's Republic of Kampuchea]], installing Heng and other pro-Vietnamese Communist politicians as leaders of the new government.<ref>{{cite book|title=World and Its peoples: Eastern and Southern Asia|volume=6|editor=Marshall Cavendish|year=2007|chapter=Cambodia: Modern History|page=765|first=H|last=Heller}}</ref> He became chairman of the People's Revolutionary Council of the PRK in 1979. In 1981, he became chairman of the Council of State and secretary-general of the People's Revolutionary Party. Though at first he was the effective leader of the government, he lost much of his political power when [[Hun Sen]] became [[Prime Minister of Cambodia]] in 1985.

As Vietnamese influence declined, Samrin gradually lost his posts, including the post of secretary-general in 1991 and chairman of the council of state in 1992. When King [[Norodom Sihanouk]] was restored in 1993, Samrin was given the honorary title of Sâmdech, senior advisor of the King, and was made honorary chairman of Hun Sen's [[Cambodian People's Party]]. He was vice chairman of the National Assembly of Cambodia (1998–2006). Since 2006, he has acted as Chairman of the [[Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation|Solidarity Front for Development of the Cambodian Motherland]].

The Cambodian People's Party recently released a book about Samrin called ''A Man of the People'',<ref>{{cite book|title=Heng Samrin, A Man of the People|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/74424186/Heng-Samrin-Book-English-Final}}</ref> dedicated to him as a hero.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hunt|first=Luke|title=Heng Samrin, Man of the People|url=https://thediplomat.com/asean-beat/2011/09/21/heng-samrin-man-of-the-people/|access-date=1 June 2012}}</ref> According to that book, among supporters of the ruling CPP Heng Samrin is a "much loved and respected figure", even though his recent duties are often largely ceremonial.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hunt|first=Luke|title=Heng Samrin, Man of the People|url=https://thediplomat.com/asean-beat/2011/09/21/heng-samrin-man-of-the-people/|access-date=1 June 2012|newspaper=The Diplomate}}</ref> His full title is ''Samdach Akeak Moha Ponhea Chakrei Heng Samrin, Protean Radhsaphea ney Preah Reacheanachak Kampuchea'' (Khmer: សម្តេចអគ្គមហាពញាចក្រី ហេង សំរិន ប្រធានរដ្ឋសភា នៃព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា).

==See also==
*[[People's Republic of Kampuchea]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*http://www.seasite.niu.edu/khmer/Ledgerwood/biographies.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403084943/http://www.seasite.niu.edu/khmer/Ledgerwood/biographies.htm |date=2009-04-03 }}
{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Khieu Samphan]]|as=President of the State Presidium}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ruler of Cambodia|Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Kampuchea]]|years=1979–1981}}
{{s-aft|after=Himself|as=Chairman of the State Council}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=Himself|as=Chairman of the Revolutionary Council}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ruler of Cambodia|Chairman of the State Council of Cambodia]]|years=1981–1992}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Chea Sim]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Norodom Ranariddh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=President of the [[National Assembly of Cambodia]]|years=2006–2023}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Khuon Sudary]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Pen Sovan]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=General Secretary of the [[Cambodian People's Party|Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party]]|years=1981–1991}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Chea Sim]]|as=President of the People's Party}}
|-
{{s-end}}

{{Heads of state of Cambodia}}
{{Presidents of the National Assembly of Cambodia}} 
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heng, Samrin}}
[[Category:Presidents of the National Assembly (Cambodia)]]
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:21st-century Cambodian politicians]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Cambodian generals]]
[[Category:People's Republic of Kampuchea]]
[[Category:Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation politicians]]
[[Category:Communist Party of Kampuchea politicians]]
[[Category:Cambodian People's Party politicians]]
[[Category:Heads of state of Cambodia]]
[[Category:Cambodian communists]]
[[Category:Cambodian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Cambodian Theravada Buddhists]]
[[Category:People from Kampong Cham province]]
[[Category:People from Tboung Khmum province]]