Editing Honam Line

{{Short description|Railway line in South Korea}}
{{For|the high-speed railway|Honam high-speed railway}}
{{Expand Korean|date=September 2022|topic=transp}}
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width        = auto
| name             = Honam Line
| other_name       = 
| native_name      = 호남선(湖南線)
| native_name_lang = ko
| color            = 
| logo             = 
| logo_width       = 
| logo_alt         = 
| image            = Korail Honam Line.png
| image_width      = 
| image_alt        = 
| caption          = 
| type             = Heavy Rail, Passenger/freight rail<br/>[[Regional rail]], [[Intercity rail]]
| system           = 
| status           = Operational
| locale           = [[Daejeon]]<br/>[[South Chungcheong Province|South Chungcheong]]<br/>[[North Jeolla Province|North Jeolla]]<br/>[[South Jeolla Province|South Jeolla]]<br/>[[Gwangju]]
| start            = [[Daejeonjochajang station|Daejeonjochajang]]
| end              = [[Mokpo Station|Mokpo]]
| stations         = 48
| routes           = 
| daily_ridership  = 
| ridership2       = 
| open             = Stages between 1911 and 1914
| close            = 
| owner            = [[Korea Rail Network Authority]]
| operator         = [[Korail]]
| character        = 
| depot            = 
| stock            = 
| linelength_km    = 252.5
| tracklength_km   = 
| tracks           = [[Double track]]
| gauge            = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| old_gauge        = 
| load_gauge       = 
| minradius        = 
| racksystem       = 
| routenumber      = 
| linenumber       = 
| electrification  = 25 kV/60 Hz [[Alternating Current|AC]] [[Overhead wires|catenary]]
| speed_km/h       = 
| speed_mph        = 
| speed            = 
| elevation_m      = 
| elevation        = 
| website          = 
| map_state        = collapsed
| map              = 
{{routemap
| inline = 1
| map =
CONTg~~[[Gyeongbu Line]]
DST~~0.0~~Daejeonjochajang
ABZgl~~[[Gyeongbu Line]]
LSTR
\ABZg+1\STRc4~~Daejeon Line
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 32
BHF~~5.7~~Seodaejeon
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 4
hKRZWae
TUNNEL1
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 4
BHF~~11.8~~Gasuwon
SKRZ-Au~~[[Daejeon Nambu Sunhwan Expressway|Daejeon South Ring Expressway]]
hKRZWae
BHF~~17.3~~Heukseong-ri
hKRZWae
eHST~~20.7~~''Wonjeong''~~ ~~(1955–2006)
hKRZWae
hKRZWae+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Daejeon]]|[[Gyeryong]]|line=1}}
SKRZ-Au~~[[Honam Expressway Branch]]
BHF~~25.4~~Gyeryong
SBRÜCKE~~[[South Korea National Route 1|National Route 1]]
eHST~~28.0~~''Sindo''~~ ~~(1966–2006)
STR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Gyeryong]]|[[Nonsan]]|line=1}}
BHF~~34.7~~Gaetaesa
BHF~~39.6~~Yeonsan
HST~~44.5~~Buhwang
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 4
hKRZWae
BHF~~50.8~~Nonsan
hKRZWae
eHST~~56.5~~''Chaehwa''~~ ~~(1967–1974)
hKRZWae
ABZg+l~~[[Ganggyeong Line]]
SKRZ-Au~~[[Honam Expressway]]
BST~~57.5~~Chaewoon (Signal Box)
hKRZWae
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 23
hKRZWae
BHF~~60.7~~Ganggyeong
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 23
STR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Nonsan]]|[[Iksan]]|line=1}}
hKRZWae
HST~~66.7~~Yongdong
hKRZWae
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 23
BHF~~71.8~~Hamyeol
hKRZWae
eHST~~75.4~~''Dasan''~~ ~~(1967–2006)
HST~~81.2~~Hwangdeung
hKRZWae
eABZg+l~~ ~~[[Honam High Speed Railway]]~~ ~~Under Construction
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 23
BHF~~87.9~~Iksan
ABZg3~~[[Janghang Line]]
STRo~~National Route 27
ABZg2~~[[Jeolla Line]]
hKRZWae
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 23
hKRZWae
BS2+l\eBS2+r~~Honam High Speed Railway
STR\exSTR
hKRZWae!~GRZq\exhKRZWae!~GRZq~~[[Mangyeong River]] {{pipe}} {{BSsplit|[[Iksan]]|[[Gimje]]|line=1}}
STRo\exSTRo~~National Route 26
eSTR2u\exSTR3
exSTR+1\eSTR+4u
exSTRo\SBRÜCKE~~National Route 21
exkSTR3!~BS2c2\BS2r
HST~~95.3~~Buyong
hKRZWae
HST~~98.5~~Waryong
eKRZ2+4u~~Honam High Speed Railway
BHF~~105.6~~Gimje
hKRZWae
hKRZWae!~GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Gimje]]|[[Jeongeup]]|line=1}}
HST~~112.4~~Gamgok
hKRZWae
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 30
hKRZWae
BHF~~117.9~~Sintaein
hKRZWae
hKRZWae
hKRZWae
HST~~123.5~~Chogang
hKRZWae
SKRZ-Au~~Honam Expressway
eABZg+l~~Honam High Speed Railway
BHF~~131.4~~Jeongeup
STRo~~National Route 29
hKRZWae
eABZgr~~Honam High Speed Railway
hKRZWae
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 1
BHF~~137.4~~Cheonwon
hKRZWae
HST~~141.6~~Noryeong
tSTRa
tSTR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Jeongeup]]|[[Jangseong County|Jangseong]]|line=1}}
tSTRe
BHF~~148.6~~Baegyangsa
hKRZWae
SKRZ-Ao~~Honam Expressway
hKRZWae
eHST~~154.3~~''Sinheung-ri''~~ ~~until 2006
hKRZWae
hKRZWae
SKRZ-Au~~[[Gochang-Damyang Expressway]]
HST~~160.1~~Anpyeong
hKRZWae
ABZgr~~Jangseong Line (for freight)
hKRZWae
hKRZWae
BHF~~163.8~~Jangseong
hKRZWae
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 24
hKRZWae
hKRZWae
eHST~~169.6~~''Okjeong''~~ ~~(1959–2006)
STR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Jangseong County|Jangseong]]|[[Gwangju]]|line=1}}
BHF~~174.7~~Imgok
eABZg+l~~Honam High Speed Railway
BHF~~181.2~~Hanam
ABZgl~~For North Songjeong
ABZg+l~~[[Gyeongjeon Line]]
STRo~~National Route 22
BHF~~185.7~~GwangjuSongjeong
hKRZWae
hKRZWae
STR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Gwangju]]|[[Naju]]|line=1}}
BS2+l\eBS2+r
BHF\exSTR~~195.0~~Noan~~ ~~since 2001
STR\exHST~~ ~~''Noan''~~ ~~until 2001
hKRZWae\exhKRZWae
SBRÜCKE\exSTR~~National Route 13
BS2l\eBS2r
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 1
ABZgr~~For LG Chemical
BHF~~201.5~~Naju
STRo~~National Route 13
BS2+l\eBS2+r
TUNNEL1\exHST~~''203.2''~~Yeongsanpo~~ ~~until 2001
hKRZWae\exhKRZWae
BS2l\eBS2r
HST~~208.9~~Dasi
hKRZWae
eBS2+l\BS2+r
exSTR\BHF~~212.1~~Gomagwon~~ ~~since 2001
exHST\STR~~ ~~''Gomagwon''~~ ~~until 2001
exhKRZWae!~GRZq\hKRZWae!~GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Naju]]|[[Hampyeong County|Hampyeong]]|line=1}}
eBS2l\BS2r
BS2+l\eBS2+r
hKRZWae\exSTR
BHF\exSTR~~218.7~~Hampyeong~~ ~~since 2001
STRo\exSTR~~National Route 23
hKRZWae\exBHF~~ ~~''Hakkyo''~~ ~~until 2001
hKRZWae\exSTR
hKRZWae\exhKRZWae
STR2\xSTR3u
xSTR+1u\STR+4
exSTR+GRZq\STR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Hampyeong County|Hampyeong]]|[[Muan County|Muan]]|line=1}}
eBS2l\BS2r
BHF~~226.3~~Muan
BHF~~230.3~~Mongtan
BS2+l\eBS2+r
tSTRa\exSTR
tSTRe\exHST~~234.9~~''Myeongsan''~~ ~~until 2001
TUNNEL1\exSTR
hSTRa\exSTR
WDOCKS!~hMSTR\exSTR
hSTRe\exBHF~~241.2~~''Illo''~~ ~~until 2001
hKRZWae\exhKRZWae
BHF\exSTR~~239.3~~Illo
SBRÜCKEa\exSBRÜCKEe~~National Route 2
ABZgl\exSTR~~Daebul Line
tSTR2a\exSTR3
exSTR+1\tSTR+4
exSTR\tSTRe
eBS2l\BS2r
STR+GRZq~~{{BSsplit|[[Muan County|Muan]]|[[Mokpo]]|line=1}}
BHF~~{{BSsplit|245.2|247.9|line=1|align=right}}~~Imseong-ri
BS2+l\eBS2+r
tSTRa\exSTR
tSTRe\exHST~~ ~~East Mokpo~~ ~~(1953–2003)
BS2l\eBS2r
KBHFxe~~252.5~~Mokpo
exKBHFe~~''253.2''~~Mokpo Seaside
}}
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
|hangul=호남선
|hanja=湖南線
|rr=Honamseon
|mr=Honamsŏn
|}}

The '''Honam Line''' is a major railway line serving the [[Honam]] region ([[North Jeolla Province|North]] and [[South Jeolla Province|South Jeolla]] Provinces) in [[South Korea]]. The line is served by frequent passenger trains from [[Seoul]] (via the [[Gyeongbu Line]]) to [[Gwangju]] and [[Mokpo]].

== History ==
A Honam Railway from Seoul to Mokpo was first proposed in 1896 by a French company.<ref name="land">{{cite web |url=http://www.land.go.kr/document/info/honam/jl06.pdf |title=전라지방–교통∙통신체계의 발달 |publisher=Land Portal |access-date=2010-12-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722140418/http://www.land.go.kr/document/info/honam/jl06.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-22 }}</ref>  After the start of the [[Russo-Japanese War]], in May 1904, [[Imperial Japan]] forced Korea to sign an agreement granting the Japanese military control over railways, including the right to seize land.<ref name="land"/> Japan then seized much of the fertile Honam plain in advance of a planned Honam Line.<ref name="land"/>

The construction of the line started in 1910.<ref name="land"/>  The first {{convert|39.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} between Daejeon and [[Yeonsan-myeon|Yeonsan]] was opened in July 1911.<ref name="land"/>  The line was extended to Ganggyeong in November 1911, to Iri (today [[Iksan Station|Iksan]]) in March 1912, to [[Gimje]] in October 1912 and to [[Jeongeup Station|Jeongeup]] in December 1912.<ref name="land"/>  Construction continued from the other end of the line, with the section from Mokpo to Hakgyo (today [[Hampyeong]]) opened in May 1913; and extended to [[Naju]] in July 1913, to Songjeong-ri (today [[Gwangju·Songjeong Station|Gwangju·Songjeong]]) in October 1913, and finally to Jeongeup,<ref name="land"/> completing the line on January 11, 1914.<ref name="Korail-lines">{{cite web|url=http://info.korail.com/2007/kra/ope/ope08000/w_ope08606.jsp |title=경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황 |publisher=[[Korail]] |access-date=2010-11-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722192217/http://info.korail.com/2007/kra/ope/ope08000/w_ope08606.jsp |archive-date=2011-07-22 }}</ref>

=== Upgrade ===<!-- [[Korea Train Express#Phase 1: Seoul–Daegu and conventional line upgrades]] links here-->
==== Duplication ====
The Honam Line was upgraded to an electrified and double-tracked line for higher speeds in stages. The construction of the double track began on January 4, 1968.<ref name="doubletrack">{{cite web |url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2003/01/07/socialAffairs/Rail-service-to-be-upgraded-this-year/1913911.html?detailWord= |title=Rail service to be upgraded this year |date=2003-01-03 |publisher=[[JoongAng Daily]] |access-date=2010-10-21}}</ref> On March 30, 1978, the section from [[Daejeonjochajang station]] to Iksan station via [[Seodaejeon station]] was double-tracked. The double-track work for the section south of [[Iksan station]] on the Honam Line began in February 1981, and the double-track work was completed to [[Songjeong-ri station]] in Gwangju on September 6, 1988.

Double-tracking of the last remaining single-track section, Songjeong–Mokpo,<ref name="doubletrack"/> and the electrification of the whole line, including the Gwangju spur,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.epic.or.kr/cont/yearbook/download/yearbook_chap07_3.pdf |title=Electricity Almanac 2009 |publisher=Korea Electric Association |access-date=2010-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314033522/http://www.epic.or.kr/cont/yearbook/download/yearbook_chap07_3.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> was finished for the start of [[Korea Train Express]] (KTX) services on April 1, 2004.<ref name="EffectofHSR2008">{{cite journal |last1=Cho |first1=Nam-Geon |last2=Chung |first2=Jin-Kyu |title=High Speed Rail Construction of Korea and Its Impact |journal=KRIHS Special Report Series |volume=12 |year=2008 |publisher=Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements |url=http://168.126.177.50/pub/docu/en/AD/ZA/ADZA2008AAN/ADZA-2008-AAN.PDF |access-date=2010-08-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529073047/http://168.126.177.50/pub/docu/en/AD/ZA/ADZA2008AAN/ADZA-2008-AAN.PDF |archive-date=2011-05-29 }}</ref>  The present line length from Daejeon to Mokpo is {{Convert|252.5|km|mi|abbr=on}},<ref name="Korail-lines"/> the line distance from Seoul to Mokpo is {{Convert|407.6|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="EffectofHSR2008"/>

==== Speeding-up upgrade ====
To serve [[KTX]] and [[Super Rapid Train|SRT]], section from GwangjuSongjeong to Gomagwon was upgraded to accomplish maximum speed of 230&nbsp;km/h. Total length of the project is 25.9&nbsp;km and it was completed in June 2020.<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.molit.go.kr/USR/NEWS/m_71/dtl.jsp?lcmspage=1&id=95084927
 |title=호남고속2단계, 인천발, 수원발 KTX 공사 본격 추진
 |date= 2020-12-20
 |website= [[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (South Korea)|MOLIT]] official website
 |publisher=[[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (South Korea)|MOLIT]]
 |language=ko
 |page=5
 |trans-title=Honam HSR 2nd pase, KTX from Incheon project, KTX from Suwon project are initiated in full-scale drive
 |access-date=2021-01-19
 |format=PDF
}}</ref>

== Major stations ==
Major stations and junctions along the line include:

*[[Daejeon station|Daejeon]], junction with the [[Gyeongbu Line]] to [[Seoul Station|Seoul]] and [[Busan station|Busan]];
*[[Seodaejeon station|Seodaejeon]], the [[Daejeon]] passenger station for Honam Line trains;
*[[Iksan station|Iksan]] (formerly named ''Iri''), the terminus of the [[Jeolla Line|Jeolla]] and [[Janghang Line|Janghang]] Lines;
*[[GwangjuSongjeong station|GwangjuSongjeong]], the major station in [[Gwangju]] for through trains to [[Mokpo station|Mokpo]], and the junction with the [[Gyeongjeon Line]];
*[[Naju station|Naju]], the major station in [[Naju]];
*[[Mokpo station|Mokpo]], a [[seaport]] on the south coast.

== Services ==
The Honam Line is served by freight trains, as well as cross-country [[Mugunghwa-ho]], intercity [[ITX-Saemaeul]]/MAUM and high-speed [[Korea Train Express|KTX]] passenger trains.

As of October 2024, the minimum travel time from [[Yongsan Station]] in Seoul to Mokpo in South Jeolla Province is at least 4 hours and 20 minutes for ITX-MAUM and at least 5 hours and 14 minutes for Mugunghwa. Even on the Honam Line from Seodaejeon to Mokpo itself, the travel time is at least 2 hours and 34 minutes for ITX-MAUM and at least 3 hours and 4 minutes for Mugunghwa.

== See also ==
*[[Transportation in South Korea]]
*[[Korail]]

== References ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Korail Lines}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Railway lines in South Korea]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1914]]