Editing Hoofddorp

{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Hoofddorp
| native_name             = <!-- if different from name -->
| native_name_lang        = nl
| other_name              = <!-- if different from name -->
| settlement_type         = Town
| image_skyline           = File:Hoofddorp., het Polderhuis (RM510067) in straatzicht foto3 20115-08-28 16.33.jpg
| image_caption           = ''Polderhuis'': seat of the regional [[Water board (Netherlands)|water board]]
| image_flag              = 
| image_shield            = 
| shield_size             = 
| image_map               = 
| map_caption             = 
| image_map1              = 
| map_caption1            = 
| pushpin_map             = Netherlands#Netherlands North Holland
| pushpin_label_position  = top
| pushpin_mapsize         = 250
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in the Netherlands##Location in the province of North Holland in the Netherlands
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1       = Province
| subdivision_name1       = [[North Holland]]
| subdivision_type2       = Municipality
| subdivision_name2       = [[Haarlemmermeer]]
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |title = Postcodetool for 2131AA |language = nl |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis |access-date = 30 April 2022 |archive-date = 21 September 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053543/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |url-status = dead }}</ref>
| elevation_m             = -4.2
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| area_footnotes          = <ref name="stat"/>
| area_total_km2          = 37.85
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="stat">{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.nl/-/media/_excel/2021/48/kwb-2021.xls |title=Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021 |website=Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=30 April 2022}}</ref>
| population_total        = 77,885
| population_as_of        = 2021
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         =
| population_density_km2  = auto
| timezone                = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset              = +1
| timezone_DST            = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST          = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[List of postal codes in the Netherlands|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 2130-2135<ref name="stat"/>
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Dialing code]]
| area_code               = 023
| website                 = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|52|18|21.96|N|4|41|26.52|E|display=inline, title}}
}}

'''Hoofddorp''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɦoːvdɔr(ə)p}}; {{literally|Main Village}}) is the main [[town]] of the municipality of [[Haarlemmermeer]], in the province of [[North Holland]], the [[Netherlands]]. In 2021, the population was 77,885. The town was founded in 1853, immediately after the Haarlemmermeer had been drained.

== History ==
After the draining of the Haarlemmermeer, two villages, Kruisdorp (Crossvillage) and Venneperdorp (Vennepervillage), were founded in the centre of the [[polder]]. In 1868, they were renamed to Hoofddorp, as there already was another Kruisdorp in Zeeland, and [[Nieuw-Vennep]] respectively. Hoofddorp became more prosperous than Nieuw-Vennep, and it rapidly became the most important place of the district.

[[Image:Hoofddorp-Floriande.jpg|thumb|Floriande]]

== Landmarks ==
Hoofddorp is a relatively young town and therefore has few historical buildings. In 2008, Hoofddorp had 26 [[municipality|municipal]], [[province|provincial]] and [[national monument]]s.

In the late nineteenth century Hoofddorp was included in the [[Stelling van Amsterdam|Defense Line of Amsterdam]].<ref name="stelling">[http://www.stelling-amsterdam.org/english/index.htm The Defence Line of Amsterdam], retrieved 24 January 2007.</ref> A [[fort]] was built next to the main canal, two [[artillery battery|batteries]] were located in what are now the outskirts of Hoofddorp, and several [[casemate]]s were built to the east of Hoofddorp. A large dike known as the ''Geniedijk'' (Engineers' dike) connected the fort at Hoofddorp to the batteries and the casemates, and ultimately to the fort at [[Vijfhuizen]] in the west and the fort at [[Aalsmeer]] in the east.

Hoofddorp has nine national monuments. The mill [[De Eersteling (corn mill)|De Eersteling]] on the Hoofdweg is a round [[corn mill]] from [[1856]] and was built in the centre of Hoofddorp by Dirk David van Dijk.<ref name="Eersteling">[http://www.eersteling.com/ Home page of mill "De Eersteling"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322032541/http://eersteling.com/ |date=2018-03-22 }}, retrieved 27 March 2008.</ref> It was called "De Eersteling" (literally translated''The First''). Due to increased building around the mill it eventually fell into disuse.. It was originally located on the Kruisweg in the old centre of Hoofddorp, but was moved in its entirety by trailer in [[1977]] and is now located near Fort Hoofddorp. It has operated regularly from that time and is now open to the public.

The Witte Boerderij on the Hoofdweg is a [[Kop-hals-rompboerderij|kop-rompboerderij]] from 1860 and is a good example of a Haarlemmermeer farm from the early days of the polder. The Witte Boerderij is now home to the ''Stichting Meer-Historie''.

Other monuments include the [[Old Town Hall (Haarlemmermeer)|Old Town Hall]] from 1867, the District Court from 1911 and the [[Polderhuis (Hoofddorp)|Polderhuis]] of the Haarlemmermeer from 1913. The latter was built to a design by architect [[Foeke Kuipers]] in a historicizing architectural style that harks back to 17th-century Dutch classicism. Another monument is [[Marktzicht]], formerly the center of Hoofddorp's market activities.

The [[Geniedijk]] runs through Hoofddorp, part of the [[Defense Line of Amsterdam]]. This defense line is on the [[World Heritage List]] of [[UNESCO]]. [[Fort bij Hoofddorp|Fort Hoofddorp]] is located in that dike.

[[File:Zij aanzicht raadhuis Hoofddorp.jpg|thumb|The now demolished town hall of the Haarlemmermeer municipality in Hoofddorp]]
[[File:Tijdelijk raadhuis gemeente Haarlemmermeer.jpg|thumb|The temporary town hall of the [[Haarlemmermeer|Haarlemmermeer municipality]] located on Taurusavenue]]

=== Historical Museum ===
The ''Historical Museum Haarlemmermeer'' can be found on the Bosweg (ex-Kruisweg). The museum has all sorts of things to find about the history of the [[Haarlemmermeer]]. Among other things, it has objects related to the draining. The museum is located in part of the old Mentzhoeve farm. This farm from 1860 resembles a Limburg farm in the sense that all the buildings were built around a courtyard. The Mentzhoeve is the only farm of this type in the Haarlemmermeer.

== Transport ==
The town is served by [[Hoofddorp railway station]]. In the 2020 timetable there are 4 trains an hour to Leiden (weekdays), 4 trains an hour to [[Amsterdam Zuid railway station]], 2 trains an hour to Zaandam, and 4 trains an hour to [[Amsterdam Centraal railway station|Amsterdam Centraal]]. Journey times to Amsterdam Centraal are 25 – 30 minutes.

On 3 August 1912, Hoofddorp was connected by rail to [[Leiden]], [[Aalsmeer]] and [[Haarlem]].<ref name="HESM">[http://www.haarlemmermeerspoor.nl/ {{in lang|nl}} Informational page about the Haarlemmermeer Spoorlijnen], retrieved 19 January 2007.</ref> These railway lines, operated by the {{interlanguage link|Hollandsche Electrische-Spoorweg-Maatschappij|nl}} (HESM), were closed on 31 December 1935.

In 1981, Hoofddorp was connected by rail for the second time, this time to [[Leiden]] and [[Schiphol Airport]] as a part of the [[Train routes in the Netherlands|Schiphollijn]]. The [[HSL-Zuid|Southern High-Speed Line]], that opened in 2007, will use existing conventional track from [[Amsterdam Centraal|Amsterdam Central Station]] to Hoofddorp, where it will branch off onto a dedicated track. The trains will not stop at Hoofddorp.<ref name="HSL">[http://www.hslzuid.nl/hsl/uk/lijn/HSL_track/Haarlemmermeer/index.jsp HSL-Zuid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070114015117/http://www.hslzuid.nl/hsl/uk/lijn/HSL_track/Haarlemmermeer/index.jsp |date=2007-01-14 }}, retrieved 19 January 2007</ref>

[[Image:Hoofddorp Station.jpg|thumb|The train station and a bus station from the special bus line from [[Haarlem]] to [[Amsterdam]], the [[Zuidtangent]], which has largely its own bus lane, with priority at crossings. In the background, the row of trees can be seen that is planted along the ''Geniedijk'']]
[[File:Calatrava brug Hoofddorp Nieuw-Vennep.jpg|thumb|A Calatrava bridge between Hoofddorp and [[Nieuw-Vennep]]]]
On 30 November 1992 the [[Hoofddorp train disaster]] took place near Hoofddorp, causing 5 deaths and 33 wounded.

Hoofddorp is connected by many bus lines to many cities and towns in the immediate surroundings. Most bus lines are operated by [[Connexxion]]. In 2002, Hoofddorp was connected to [[Haarlem]], [[Schiphol Airport]] and [[Amsterdam Zuidoost]] by the high quality bus line [[Zuidtangent]].<ref name="Zuidtangent">[http://www.noord-holland.nl/projecten/zuidtangent/Algemeen/index.asp {{in lang|nl}} Zuidtangent informational page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070218060441/http://www.noord-holland.nl/projecten/zuidtangent/Algemeen/index.asp |date=2007-02-18 }}, retrieved on 19 January 2007</ref>  In 2009 came the Second line from [[Amsterdam Zuid railway station]] to [[Nieuw Vennep]] {{interlanguage link|Getsewoud|nl}}. The Zuidtangent will be expanded by adding a line to [[Uithoorn]] and [[Amsterdam]] [[IJburg]].

The bus station at [[:nl:Spaarne_Gasthuis_(Hoofddorp)|Spaarne Hospital in Hoofddorp]] is the world's biggest structure built entirely from synthetic materials: factory-cut [[polystyrene]] foam with a [[polyester]] skin. At this moment it has been painted in a sort of orange colour. However, the municipality has decided to remove the structure because of high maintenance costs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-28 |title=Nieuwe eigenaar voor bijzondere bushalte van 50 meter lang en 10 meter hoog gezocht |url=https://nos.nl/artikel/2426832-nieuwe-eigenaar-voor-bijzondere-bushalte-van-50-meter-lang-en-10-meter-hoog-gezocht |access-date=2023-05-18 |website=nos.nl |language=Dutch}}</ref>

In January 2019, CEO of [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol]] Dick Benschop announced that agreements had been reached to extend the [[Amsterdam Metro]]'s North-South line to the airport and Hoofddorp.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iamexpat.nl/expat-info/dutch-expat-news/amsterdam-metro-line-be-extended-schiphol-airport|title=Amsterdam metro line to be extended to Schiphol airport|website=I Am Expat|date=9 January 2019|access-date=29 July 2019}}</ref>

== Government and infrastructure ==
The [[Netherlands Aviation Safety Board]], during its existence, had its head office in Hoofddorp.<ref>Garritsen, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XL8qAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Raad+voor+de+Luchtvaart%22+Hoofddorp A-770]. "Raad voor de Luchtvaart (RVDL) Barcntzgebouw. Satumusstraal 5. 2132 HB Hoofddorp."</ref> The [[Dutch Transport Safety Board]], the successor agency, was established on 1 July 1999 and the Netherlands Aviation Safety Board was merged into the agency at that time.<ref>"[http://www.onderzoeksraad.nl/docs/rapporten/017e_LV_1997-74-A-25_PH-KHB_Sikorsky_S-76B_bij_Den_Helder.pdf FINAL REPORT 97-74/A-25 PH-KHB, Sikorsky S-76B 20 December 1997, near Den Helder]." ([https://www.webcitation.org/65buzbcas?url=http://www.onderzoeksraad.nl/docs/rapporten/017e_LV_1997-74-A-25_PH-KHB_Sikorsky_S-76B_bij_Den_Helder.pdf Archive]) [[Dutch Transport Safety Board]]. 13. Retrieved on 21 February 2012.</ref>

== Private transport ==
Hoofddorp is well connected to several of the main roads in the Netherlands. At {{Interlanguage link|Knooppunt De Hoek|nl}}, the [[A5 motorway (Netherlands)|A5 motorway]] branches off to [[Haarlem]] from the [[A4 motorway (Netherlands)|A4 motorway]] that leads to [[Amsterdam]] and [[The Hague]]. The [[A9 motorway (Netherlands)|A9 motorway]] can easily be reached via [[Badhoevedorp]] or the [[interchange (road)|junction]] of the A4 and A9 at {{interlanguage link|Knooppunt Badhoevedorp|nl}}.

Hoofddorp itself lies on the crossing of the two main secondary roads in [[Haarlemmermeer]]: the N201 from [[Hilversum]] to [[Zandvoort]] and the N520, that runs alongside the main canal of the Haarlemmermeer and dissects the [[polder]] from north to south. The suburb of ''Toolenburg'' is connected to an as yet to be developed industrial area by the bridge ''Lute'', which was designed by [[architect]] [[Santiago Calatrava]] as part of a series of 3 bridges over the main canal along the N520. The secondary road N205 connects [[Nieuw Vennep]] to [[Haarlem]] and is part of the ring around Hoofddorp; the N201 also forms part of the ring.

== Sports ==
[[FIFPro]], the association of professional football players, is located in Hoofddorp.

==Economy==
[[Atlas Professionals]] is headquartered in Hoofddorp.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.halinvestments.nl/atlas-professionals/|title=Atlas Professionals|publisher=HAL Investments|accessdate=2024-12-06}}</ref>

[[Stellantis]] is headquartered in Hoofddorp.<ref name=ArticlesofAssociation>{{cite web|url=https://www.stellantis.com/content/dam/stellantis-corporate/group/governance/corporate-regulations/Unofficial_English_Translation_Articles_of_Association_Stellantis.pdf|title=Unofficial English translation articles of association Stellantis (English)|website=Stellantis}}</ref>

== Notable residents ==
* [[Fanny Blankers-Koen]], four-time gold medallist at the [[1948 Summer Olympics|1948 Olympic Games]] in [[London]].
* [[Cornelis Johannes Kieviet|C. Joh. Kieviet]], writer of children's literature.
* [[Tineke Netelenbos]], former [[Minister (government)|minister]] of Transport and Water Management in the [[second cabinet of Wim Kok]].
* [[Marly van der Velden]], actress from the soap ''[[GTST]]''.
* [[Khalid Boulahrouz]], former professional footballer.
* [[Fajah Lourens]], actress from the former soap ''[[GTST]]''.
* [[Rinus VeeKay|Rinus van Kalmthout]], racing driver active in North America and also known as Rinus VeeKay.
* [[Rianne Van Rompaey]], top model, was born in Hoofddorp.
* [[Lucas Cornelis van Scheppingen]], DJ, Record Producer, born in Manila, Philippines, Raised in Hoofddorp owner of [[Mixmash Records]].
* [[Myron van Brederode]], a Dutch professional footballer currently playing for [[AZ Alkmaar]]
* [[Déron Payne]], a Dutch professional footballer currently playing for [[FC Volendam]]

== References ==
* Garritsen, A.M. ''Pyttersen's nederlandse almanak''. {{interlanguage link|Bohn Stafleu van Loghum|nl}}, 1998.

== Notes ==
<references/>

== External links ==
{{commonscatinline}}
* {{Official website}}

{{Haarlemmermeer navbox}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places established in 1853]]
[[Category:Populated places in North Holland]]
[[Category:Haarlemmermeer]]
[[Category:1853 establishments in the Netherlands]]