Editing Howard McCurdy

{{Short description|Canadian politician (1932–2018)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=September 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{for|the professor of public affairs|Howard E. McCurdy}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Howard McCurdy
| honorific_suffix    = {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|CM|OOnt|size=100%}}
| image               = Howard McCurdy Order of Ontario.jpg
| birth_name          = Howard Douglas McCurdy
| birth_date          = {{birth date|df=yes|1932|12|10|}}
| birth_place         = [[London, Ontario|London]], [[Ontario]], Canada
| death_date          = {{Death date and age|df=yes| 2018|02|20|1932|12|10}}
| death_place         = [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]], [[Ontario]], Canada
| residence           = [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]], [[Ontario]], Canada
| riding              =  [[Windsor—Tecumseh (federal electoral district)|Windsor—St. Clair]]<br />{{small|([[Windsor—Walkerville (federal electoral district)|Windsor—Walkerville]]; 1984–1988)}}
| parliament          = Canadian
| term_start          = 4 September 1984
| term_end            = 25 October 1993
| predecessor         = [[Mark MacGuigan]]
| successor           = [[Shaughnessy Cohen]]
| party               = [[New Democratic Party]]
| office1             = {{unbulleted list|Alderman|Ward 3, [[Windsor City Council]]}}
| term_start1         = 10 November 1980
| term_end1           = 24 September 1984
| predecessor1        = Don Clarke
| successor1          = Mike Patrick<ref name = "McCurdy Successor">{{cite news | last1 = Van Nie | first1 = Rob | title = Patrick gets Ward 3 on 1st ballot | work = Windsor Star | date = 3 October 1984 | page = A1 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504176819 | access-date = 22 March 2024 | via = Newspapers.com}}</ref>

| spouse              = Brenda Lee
| children            = 4
| profession          = Biochemist, professor
| office3             = President of the National Black Coalition of Canada
| term3               = 1969–197?
| office5             = President of the Windsor Black Coalition
| term5               = 2003–2005
}}

'''Howard Douglas McCurdy''' {{post-nominals|country=CAN|CM|OOnt|PhD}} (10 December 1932 – 20 February 2018) was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] [[civil rights]] activist, politician and university professor. He grew up in [[Southwestern Ontario]] before moving to the [[Windsor, Ontario]], area. He did his undergraduate work at what is now known as the [[University of Windsor]] and doctoral degree at [[Michigan State University]]. He became a tenured professor at the University of Windsor and eventually became a department head. In 1980, he entered politics when he was elected to the City of Windsor's council. In 1984, McCurdy entered federal politics when he won a seat in the  [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]]. He was the second [[Black Canadian]] to serve in parliament and the first for the  [[New Democratic Party|New Democratic Party of Canada]]. He lost his seat during a [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] sweep of Ontario ridings in the 1993 federal election. In 2012 he earned several awards including the [[Order of Ontario]] and the [[Order of Canada]]. In later life he had many health issues and died in the Windsor-area in 2018.

==Early life==
Born in [[London, Ontario]], McCurdy's great-great grandfather Nasa McCurdy was an agent on the [[Underground Railroad]] by which  [[Slavery in the United States|African-American slaves]] escaped to [[Canada]] in the 19th century.<ref name=obit/><ref name="oo">
{{cite news
 | last1        = Pearson
 | first1       = Craig
 | title        = McCurdy named to Order of Ontario
 | work         = Windsor Star
 | date         = 20 January 2012
 | url          = https://windsorstar.com/news/mccurdy-named-to-order-of-ontario
 | access-date  = 21 March 2024
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20180221181651/https://windsorstar.com/news/mccurdy-named-to-order-of-ontario
 | archive-date = 21 February 2018
 | url-status   = live
}}</ref>

He moved to [[Amherstburg, Ontario]], when he was 9 and encountered [[racism]] for the first time when he tried to join the [[Cub Scouts (Scouts Canada)|Cub Scouts]] and was excluded, being told to form a Black-only troop.<ref name=oo/> He later traced his activism back to his experiences with discrimination at this young age.<ref name="windsorpubliclibrary.com">
{{cite web
 | author        = Windsor Public Library
 | title         = Howard Douglas McCurdy
 | url           = https://www.windsorpubliclibrary.com/?page_id=15707
 | access-date   = 21 March 2024
 | archive-url   = https://web.archive.org/web/20160910225945/http://www.windsorpubliclibrary.com/?page_id=15707
 | archive-date  = 10 September 2016
 | url-status    = dead
}} </ref>

==Academic career==
McCurdy studied at the [[University of Western Ontario]], where he received a [[Bachelor of Arts]], and later at [[Assumption University (Windsor, Ontario)|Assumption University]], where he received a [[Bachelor of Science]]. He was awarded a Master of Science and a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in microbiology and chemistry from [[Michigan State University]].<ref name=obit/>

While at Michigan State, McCurdy founded the university's [[National Association for the Advancement of Colored People]] (NAACP) chapter and became its first president.<ref name="windsorpubliclibrary.com" /> In 1962 he founded the Guardian Club a civil rights organization to fight racial discrimination in Windsor. In 1969 he was the co-founder and the first President of the National Black Coalition of Canada.<ref name=obit/>

In 1959, McCurdy joined the Biology Department at Assumption College, which became the [[University of Windsor]] (U. of W.) in 1963. After initially being hired as a lecturer, he eventually became the first Canadian-born person of African descent to hold a tenure-track position in a Canadian university.<ref name="windsorpubliclibrary.com"/><ref name = "First Black Canadain Prof">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Quintner
 | first1      = David
 | title       = Racism is muted, under control
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 24 November 1979
 | pages       = 1, 12
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/503996715/
 | access-date = 21 March 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> He was the head of the Biology Department from 1973 to 1979.<ref name = "Biology Dept. Chair">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Quintner
 | first1      = David
 | title       = U. of W. professor quits biology post
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 20 March 1979
 | pages       = 3, 4
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/503392856
 | access-date = 21 March 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>  Under his direction, the department grew to include over 1,400 students, 21 full-time faculty members and was the largest department at the university. He more than doubled the department's research grants, and had the highest applied for and received percentage of any biology department in Ontario.<ref name = "Biology Dept. Chair"/>

In 1976–80 he founded and was president of the Canadian College of Microbiologists. McCurdy authored more than 50 scientific papers and served on the editorial boards of ''Bacteriological Reviews'' and the ''Canadian Journal of Microbiology''. In 1967–68 he was president of the Canadian Association of University Teachers.

==Political career==

===Windsor City Council===
After stepping down as the head of the University of Windsor's Biology Department, he continued teaching there, but decided at the last minute to run for elected office, to build his credibility as a future candidate.<ref name ="first election">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Coleman
 | first1      = John
 | last2       = Delean
 | first2      = Paul
 | title       = New ... an'rarin' to go
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 11 November 1980
 | pages       = 1, 2
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/503379588
 | access-date = 21 March 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> On his first try, he was elected as an [[alderman]] to [[Windsor City Council]] on 10 November 1980.<ref name ="first election"/> He defeated controversial Ward 3 incumbent alderman, Don Clarke. Clarke got into a physical altercation with another alderman in the council chamber as well as being noted for using foul language at meetings.  By making an issue of Clarke's lack of comportment at council meetings, McCurdy was able to defeat him, even though he did not live in Ward 3.<ref name ="first election"/> McCurdy won re-election on 8 November 1982.<ref name = "re-election Ward 3">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Van Nie
 | first1      = Rob
 | title       = It's down to business for five new alderman
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 9 November 1982
 | page        = A3
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504331139/

 | access-date = 21 March 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}},</ref> McCurdy represented Ward 3 for two terms, the first term was for two years, and the second term was for three years, before going into federal politics.<ref name = "Ward Vacancy">
{{cite news
 | author      = Star Staff
 | title       = Council seat up for grabs
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 6 September 1984
 | pages       = A3, A4
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504303472
| access-date = 21 March 2024
 | via         = [[Newspapers.com]]
}}</ref> He resigned from City Council on 24 September 1984, with a little over a year left in his term. He only resigned after he was officially declared the winner of the recent federal election for the local electoral district by [[Elections Canada]].<ref name = "Resigns from City Council">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Fox
 | first1      = Brian
 | title       = Ward 3 byelection shot down by Mayor
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 25 September 1984
 | pages       = A1, A10
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504399124/?terms=Howard%20McCurdy&match=1
 | access-date = March 21, 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

===Member of Parliament===
While still serving as an alderman, he became the New Democratic Party's candidate in the [[1984 Canadian federal election]] for the [[Electoral district (Canada)|riding]] of  [[Windsor—Walkerville  (federal electoral district)|Windsor—Walkerville]]. Since 1935, the riding was a Liberal Party stronghold or [[safe seat]].<ref name = "Defeats Liberals after 49 Years">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Doeien
 | first1      = Chris Vander
 | title       = McCurdy's 'historic' win topples Liberal fortress
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = September 5, 1984
 | pages       = A3, A4
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504302917
| access-date = March 20, 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> Not only did McCurdy win, but the Liberal candidate, Terry Patterson, came in third, behind the [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative]] candidate Tom Porter.<ref name = "Defeats Liberals after 49 Years"/>  With his victory, he became Canada's second Black  [[Member of parliament#Canada|Member of Parliament]] (MP) after [[Lincoln Alexander]], and the first Black NDP MP.<ref name=obit/> He ran for re-election in the  [[Redistribution (election)#Canada|redistributed]] riding of  [[Windsor—Tecumseh (federal electoral district)|Windsor—St. Clair]] for the [[1988 Canadian federal election|1988 election]]. He defeated Liberal Party candidate [[Shaughnessy Cohen]].<ref name = "McCurdy Wins 1988">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Beneteau
 | first1      = Marty
 | last2       = Brennan
 | first2      = Richard
 | title       = McCurdy wins battle, vows to continue war
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = November 22, 1988
 | page        = A5
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/505900692
 | access-date = March 20, 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

===1989 NDP leadership run===
When [[Ed Broadbent]] stepped down as the federal NDP leader, McCurdy decided to run. The delegated  [[1989 New Democratic Party leadership election|leadership convention]] was held in [[Winnipeg]] from 30 November to 3 December 1989. McCurdy finished fifth on the first ballot and decided drop-off the ballot for the second. He moved his delegates over to fellow Windsor MP,  [[Steven W. Langdon|Stephen Langdon]],<ref name = "Globe Convention Coverage">
 {{cite news
 | last1       = Freeman
 | first1       = Alan
 | title       = NDP Chooses a Leader Afternoon of alliances, betrayal catapulted McLaughlin to power
 | work        = The Globe and Mail
 | location    = Toronto
 | date        = 4 December 1989
 | page        = A10
 | url         = https://www.proquest.com/docview/1237209319
 | access-date = March 20, 2024
 | id = {{ProQuest|1237209319}}
 | url-access  = subscription
}}</ref> and then decided to eventually endorse [[Audrey McLaughlin]], who would go on to win.<ref name="McCurdy Delegates">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Winsor
 | first1      = Hugh
 | title       = Keen organization and networking compensated for lacklustre speech
 | url         = https://www.proquest.com/docview/1237209319
 | access-date = March 20, 2024
 | work        = The Globe and Mail
 | date        = 4 December 1989
 | location    = Toronto
 | page        = A10
 | id = {{ProQuest|1237209319}}
 | url-access  = subscription
}}</ref>  McLaughlin lead the NDP to their worst-ever defeat in the [[1993 Canadian federal election|1993 federal election]].<ref name = "1993 NDP Campaign">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Lajoie
 | first1      = Don
 | title       = National profiles just weren't enough
 | work        = Windsor Star
 | date        = 26 October 1993
 | page        = A5
 | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/image/502167858/
 | access-date = 21 March 2024
 | via         = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> That weak NDP campaign hurt his re-election chances when he faced-off against Cohen again, and lost.<ref name = "Cohen Wins Seat">
{{cite news
 | last1       = Henton
 | first1      = Darcy
 | title       = Ontario Goes True Grit: Liberals take 98 ridings, Reform grabs 1
 | work        = [[Toronto Star]]
 | date        = 26 October 1993
 | page        = B2
 | url         = https://www.proquest.com/pagelevelimagepdf/1370741778/pagelevelImagePDF/4ABE167E9D7343FCPQ
 | access-date = 20 March 2024
 | url-access  = subscription
 | id         = {{ProQuest|1370741778}}
}}</ref>

===Post-House of Commons Career===
A tribute celebration in McCurdy's honour was given by the local NDP electoral district association on 5 March 1994. [[Premier of Ontario|Ontario Premier]] [[Bob Rae]] and some members of his cabinet attended the event, fuelling speculation that McCurdy was going to get a prestigious Ontario appointment. Premier Rae denied such speculation when he talked to the press that evening and none materialized.<ref name = "Local Tribute Celebration 1994">
{{cite news
 | last1            = Smrke
 | first1           = Jacqueline
 | title            = McCurdy night a celebration
 | work             = Windsor Star
 | date             = 7 March 1994
 | pages            = A3–A4
 | url              = https://www.newspapers.com/image/503772518/
 | access-date      = 22 March 2024
 | via              = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

In April 1994, the federal NDP was in crisis mode as they were no longer an official party in the House of Commons.<ref name = "Official Party Status">
{{cite news
 | last1            = McKeague
 | first1           = Paul
 | title            = Don't dismiss the NDP just yet
 | work             = Windsor Star
 | date             = 21 April 1994
 | page             = A6
 | url              = https://www.newspapers.com/image/503848489
 | access-date      = 22 March 2024
 | via              = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> The nine-member House of Commons caucus threatened action if Audrey McLaughlin did not step down as the federal leader.<ref name = "NDP Leadership Crisis 1994">
{{cite news
 | last1           = McKeague
 | first1          = Paul
 | title           = McCurdy denies NDP riff
 | work            = Windsor Star
 | date            = 20 April 1994
 | page            = A2
 | url             = https://www.newspapers.com/image/503847926/
 | access-date     = 22 March 2024
 | via             = Newspapers.com

}}</ref> McCurdy was a vice-president of the NDP and sat on the party's federal council. McLaughlin agreed to step down as leader within two years and made that public on 19 April 1984. The council asked her to stay on as leader until a new one could be elected.<ref name = "Official Party Status"/> McCurdy was more interested in seeing the party renew itself, than worry about a leadership convention, and supported the idea that she stay on until the renewal process was completed.<ref name="NDP Leadership Crisis 1994" /> That autumn, people were encouraging him to challenge for NDP leadership again, but he did not make another attempt.<ref name = "Second Leadership Run?">
{{cite news
 | last1            = Henderson
 | first1           = Gord
 | title            = Left right out of their hearts?
 | work             = Windsor Star
 | date             = 24 September 1994
 | page             = A6
 | url              = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504191630/
 | access-date      = 22 March 2024
 | via              = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

===Political comeback attempt===
McCurdy did attempt to get back into elected politics but at the provincial level in 1995. At the time, the  [[Ontario New Democratic Party|Ontario NDP]] was the provincial government. However, Premier Rae's  [[Social Contract (Ontario)|Social Contract]] wage restriction policy, enacted in 1993, was unpopular with labour unions across the province.<ref name = "Social Contract">
{{cite news
 | author            = Citizen Staff
 | title             = Social Contract Trap
 | work              = The Ottawa Citizen
 | date              = 10 May 1995
 | page              = A12
 | url               = https://www.proquest.com/docview/239918786/BDDE25CC9F42492DPQ
 | access-date       = 22 March 2024
 | url-access        = subscription
 | id               = {{ProQuest|239918786}}
}}</ref> It restricted wages of public workers and forced them to take unpaid days off known as "Ray Days". This made him and the government targets of labour leaders such as  [[Canadian Union of Public Employees|CUPE]] Ontario's [[Sid Ryan]] and the [[Canadian Auto Workers]] Union's (CAW) [[Buzz Hargrove]].<ref name = "Labour Pissed Off">
{{cite news
 | last1             = Wright
 | first1            = Lisa
 | title             = Labor's love not totally lost NDP insists On election eve, government hopes union members will see the light
 | work              = Toronto Star
 | date              = 15 April 1995
 | page              = B5
 | url               = https://www.proquest.com/docview/437233525/BDDE25CC9F42492DPQ
 | access-date       = 22 March 2024
 | url-access        = subscription
 | id               = {{ProQuest|437233525}}
}}</ref> In  April, McCurdy was asked by local Windsor–Essex area labour leaders to denounce the Social Contract, which he refused in a letter he wrote to Windsor and District Labour Council president Gary Parent.<ref name="Unions Elect Rae Critic">
{{cite news
 | last1            = Henderson
 | first1           = Gord
 | title            = Union puts Rae critic on NDP campaign team
 | url              = https://www.proquest.com/docview/269787908
 | access-date      = 22 March 2024
 | work             = The Spectator
 | date             = 3 May 1995
 | location         = Hamilton, Ontario
 | id = {{ProQuest|269787908}}
 | url-access       = subscription
}}</ref>

On 12 April 1995, McCurdy announced he would be running for the Ontario NDP nomination in the [[Windsor—Sandwich]] electoral district.<ref name = "Officially declares for Nom Race">
{{cite news
 | last1            = Rennie
 | first1           = Gary
 | title            = McCurdy enters race for Windsor–Sandwich
 | work             = Windsor Star
 | date             = 12 April 1995
 | page             = A3
 | url              = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504201800
 | access-date      = 22 March 2024
 | url-access       = subscription
}}</ref> It was thought he would be unopposed, and a nomination meeting would be held about two weeks later.<ref name = "Officially declares for Nom Race"/> McCurdy was backed by Premier Rae and the central party already published pamphlets with his name on them.<ref name = "Lost nomination">
{{cite news
 | last1            = Crawford
 | first1           = Blair
 | title            = Rebel ousts McCurdy
 | work             = Windsor Star
 | date             = 1 May 1995
 | page             = A1, A4
 | url              = https://www.newspapers.com/image/504334187/
 | access-date      = 22 March 2024
 | via              = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

But it was not going to be an uncontested race as NDP activist, and Social Contract opponent,  [[Ontario New Democratic Party candidates in the 1995 Ontario provincial election#Arlene Rousseau (Windsor—Sandwich)|Arlene Rousseau]] entered the race. The nomination was moved up from 18 May to 30 April, because the writ was dropped for the [[1995 Ontario general election]].<ref name="Lost nomination" />

McCurdy's nomination team thought he had 80 votes to Rousseau's 58. But about 30 of his supporters stayed home, likely from pressure from the CAW telling members not to support a Rae-endorsed candidate.<ref name="Unions Elect Rae Critic" /> The unexpected happened, as McCurdy only received 53 votes and was defeated by Rousseau's 58 votes. After publicly congratulating Rousseau, McCurdy met with reporters and said that labour was ""shooting itself in the foot" in order to punish the Rae government for imposing the hated social contract."<ref name="Unions Elect Rae Critic" /> Prescient words as the Mike Harris-lead Progressive Conservatives won the election, and implemented "[[Common Sense Revolution|The Common Sense Revolution]]" program that hurt labour's interests with Bill 138, and caused labour unrest with public sector unions.<ref name ="Bill 136">
{{cite news
 | last              = Girard
 | first             = Daniel
 | title             = Premier willing to meet teachers on strike threat
 | work              = Toronto Star
 | date              = 1 October 1997
 | page              = A11
 | url               = https://www.proquest.com/docview/1347239753 
 | access-date       = 22 March 2024
 | id = {{ProQuest|1347239753}}
 | url-access        = subscription
}}</ref><ref name ="Labour Gets Harris">
{{cite news
 | last              = Urquhart
 | first             = Ian
 | title             = Tory pendulum swings – but how far?
 | work              = Toronto Star
 | date              = 13 April 2002
 | page              = H2
 | url               = https://www.proquest.com/docview/1441556871/8014ABA2B1F84671PQ/
 | access-date       = 22 March 2024
 | url-access        = subscription
 | id               = {{ProQuest|1441556871}}
}}</ref>

In 2003, McCurdy supported [[Bill Blaikie]]'s campaign for NDP leader.

He served as the president of the Windsor Black Coalition from 2003–2005.<ref name="windsorpubliclibrary.com"/>

==Death==
In later life, McCurdy was dealing with health issues, including more than one form of cancer.<ref name="obit">
{{cite news
 | last1          = Chen
 | first1         = Dalson
 | last2          = Waddell
 | first2         = Dave
 | title          = Renowned Windsor civil rights activist and former MP Howard McCurdy dies
 | work           = Windsor Star
 | date           = February 21, 2018
 | url            = https://windsorstar.com/news/local-news/renowned-windsor-civil-rights-activist-and-former-mp-howard-mccurdy-has-died
 | access-date    = February 21, 2018
 | archive-url    = https://web.archive.org/web/20200613231219/https://windsorstar.com/news/local-news/renowned-windsor-civil-rights-activist-and-former-mp-howard-mccurdy-has-died
 | archive-date   = June 13, 2020
 | url-status     = live
}}</ref> He died on 20 February 2018, at the age of 85 and was survived by his wife Brenda,<ref name="1993 NDP Campaign" /> four children, and 10 grandchildren.<ref name=oo/>

==Awards==
McCurdy has received many awards, including the [[Canadian Centennial Medal]] in 1967, the [[Queen's Silver Jubilee Medal]] in 1977, and in 2001 the [[J. S. Woodsworth]] Award for Human Rights.<ref>Keith A. P. Sandiford, ''A Black Studies Primer: Heroes and Heroines of the African Diaspora'', Hansib Publications, 2008, p. 304.</ref>

In 2012, McCurdy was made a member of the [[Order of Ontario]].<ref name = "Order of Ontario">
{{cite press release
 | url         = http://news.ontario.ca/mci/en/2012/01/27-appointees-named-to-ontarios-highest-honour.html
 | date        = 20 January 2012
 | publisher   = Queen's Printer for Ontario
 | title       = 27 Appointees Named To Ontario's Highest Honour
 | access-date = 21 March 2024
}}</ref> Also in 2012, he received Queen [[Elizabeth II]]'s  [[Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal|Diamond Jubliee Medal]].<ref name = "Diamond Jubilee Medal">
{{cite web
 | author        = Governor General of Canada
 | title         = Howard McCurdy
 | publisher     =  [[King's Printer#Federal|Queen's Printer for Canada]]
 | year          = 2012
 | url           = http://www.gg.ca/honour.aspx?id=14466&t=12&ln=mccurdy&lan=eng
 | access-date   = 21 March 2024
 | archive-url   = https://web.archive.org/web/20240321064742/https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/126-207157
 | archive-date  = 21 March 2024
 | url-status    = live
}}</ref> On 19 November 2012, McCurdy was designated a Member of the [[Order of Canada]] with investiture into the order occurring on 3 May 2013.<ref name = "Order of Canada">
{{cite web
 | author       = Governor General of Canada
 | title        = Dr. Howard McCurdy
 | publisher    = Queen's Printer For Canada
 | year         = 2013
 | url          = https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-10725
 | access-date  = 21 March 2024
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20240321062626/https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-10725
 | archive-date = 21 March 2024
 | url-status   = live
 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Canadian Parliament links|ID=2553}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCurdy, Howard}}
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:Black Canadian politicians]]
[[Category:Canadian biochemists]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of Ontario]]
[[Category:Michigan State University alumni]]
[[Category:New Democratic Party MPs]]
[[Category:Politicians from London, Ontario]]
[[Category:Academic staff of University of Windsor]]
[[Category:University of Windsor alumni]]
[[Category:University of Western Ontario alumni]]
[[Category:Windsor, Ontario city councillors]]
[[Category:Black Canadian scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada]]