Editing Hugh Lofting

{{Short description|English-American children's writer (1886–1947)}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| image            = Hugh Lofting at a book signing, 1935.jpg
| caption          = Lofting in 1935
| birth_name       = Hugh John Lofting
| birth_date       = {{birth date|df=yes|1886|1|14}}
| birth_place      = [[Maidenhead]], Berkshire, England
| death_date       = {{death date and age|df=yes|1947|9|26|1886|1|14}}
| death_place      = [[Topanga, California]], U.S.
| occupation       = [[Novelist]], [[poet]]
| genre            = [[Children's literature]], [[fantasy]]
| movement         = 
| notableworks     = [[Doctor Dolittle]] series
| awards           = {{awd |[[Newbery Medal]] | 1923}}
| website          = 
| module           = 
| nickname         = l
| rank             = 
| commands         = 
| relations        = 
| resting_place    = Evergreen Cemetery, Killingworth, Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA
| children         = 3
| spouse           = {{Plain list|
* Flora Werner Small (1912–1927)
* Katherine Ganson Harrower (1929–1929)
* Josephine Fricker (1935–1947)
}}
}}

'''Hugh John Lofting''' (14 January 1886 – 26 September 1947) was an English-American writer, trained as a civil engineer, who created the classic [[children's literature]] character [[Doctor Dolittle]].<ref>"Hugh Lofting". ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online''. Retrieved 19 December 2009.</ref> The fictional physician to talking animals, based in an English village, first appeared in illustrated letters to his children which Lofting sent from British Army [[trench warfare|trenches]] in the First World War. Lofting settled in the United States soon after the war and before his first book was published.

==Personal life==
Lofting was born on 14 January 1886 in [[Maidenhead]], Berkshire, to Elizabeth Agnes (Gannon) and John Brien Lofting,<ref name=familysearch/> and was of English and Irish ancestry.<ref>[https://lofting.thefreelibrary.com/ "Hugh Lofting (1886–1947)"]. The Free Library by Farlex (thefreelibrary.com). Confirmed 9 January 2023.</ref> His eldest brother, [[Hilary Lofting]], later became a novelist in Australia, having emigrated there in 1915.

Lofting was educated at [[Mount St Mary's College]] in [[Spinkhill]], Derbyshire. From 1905 to 1906 he studied [[civil engineering]] at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] in Cambridge, Massachusetts.<ref name="MIT bulletin">{{Cite journal |journal=Bulletin of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology |title=Register of Students |date=December 1905 |volume=41 |issue=1 |page=386 |url=https://dome.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.3/82746/AC0598_001906.pdf?sequence=1 |access-date=25 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906183437/http://dome.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.3/82746/AC0598_001906.pdf?sequence=1 |archive-date=6 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=150 Years in the Stacks – Year 60 – 1920: The Story of Doctor Dolittle by Hugh Lofting |publisher=[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries]] |url=https://libraries.mit.edu/150books/2011/03/07/1920/ |access-date=25 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129034021/http://libraries.mit.edu/150books/2011/03/07/1920/ |archive-date=29 November 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Lofting travelled widely as a civil engineer before enlisting in the [[Irish Guards]] regiment of the [[British Army]] in the First World War. Not wishing to write to his children about the brutal war, he wrote imaginative letters that later became the foundations for his ''[[Doctor Dolittle]]'' novels for children. Seriously wounded in the war, he emigrated with his family to [[Killingworth, Connecticut|Killingworth]], Connecticut, in 1919.<ref>Cindi Pietrzyk, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=b_h0XsFAQmAC&pg=PA157 Connecticut Off the Beaten Path]'', p. 157. Globe Pequot, 2013.</ref> He was married three times and had three children, one of whom, his son Christopher,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Obituary of Christopher Clement Lofting |url=https://gannonfuneralhome.com/tribute/details/1332/Christopher-Lofting/obituary.html |publisher=The Gannon Funeral Home |access-date=2022-09-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> became the executor of his [[literary estate]].

Lofting died on 26 September 1947 at his home in [[Topanga, California]]<ref>"". ''Topanga Journal''. 3 October 1947. "Requiem mass was recited Tuesday morning ...".<br>{{Cite web |title=Hugh Lofting Noted Topanga Writer, Passes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/legacy/607669294/?terms=hugh%20lofting%20topanga&match=1 |work=[[Topanga Journal]] |location=Topanga, California |date=October 3, 1947 |page=1 |access-date=2022-09-15 |via=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> from [[Cirrhosis|cirrhosis of the liver]].<ref name=familysearch>[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9SJ-TTLM?i=1550&cc=2001287&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AQP3W-J1G8 Death certificate for Hugh John Lofting] {{subscription}}. Family Search (familysearch.org)</ref> He is buried at Evergreen Cemetery in [[Killingworth, Connecticut|Killingworth]], Middlesex County, Connecticut.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cemeteries |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/177118250/ |work=[[Hartford Courant]] |date=16 July 1999 |page=41 |access-date=2022-09-15 |via=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Doctor Dolittle==
{{main|Doctor Dolittle}}
[[File:The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle.djvu|thumb|''The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle'']]

Hugh Lofting's character Doctor John Dolittle, an English physician who lives in the fictional town of Puddleby-on-the-Marsh in the [[West Country]] and can speak to animals, first saw light in illustrated letters written to his children from the trenches, when actual news, he later said, was too horrible or too dull. The stories are set in England in the 1820s–1840s – ''[[The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle]]'' gives a date of 1839.<ref name="Schmidt"/>

''[[The Story of Doctor Dolittle]]: Being the History of His Peculiar Life at Home and Astonishing Adventures in Foreign Parts Never Before Printed'' (1920) began the series and won a posthumous [[Lewis Carroll Shelf Award]] in 1958. Its first sequel, ''[[The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle]]'' (1922) won a [[Newbery Medal]]. Eight novels completed by Lofting followed and two more books were edited after his death.

==Other works for children==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Lofting.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Other children's books by Hugh Lofting]] -->
''The Story of Mrs Tubbs'' (1923) and ''Tommy, Tilly, and Mrs. Tubbs'' (1936) are picture books aimed at a younger audience than the Doctor Dolittle books. They tell of the old woman and her pets, with whom she can speak, and the animals who help her out of trouble.

''Porridge Poetry'' (1924) is the only non-Dolittle work by Lofting still in print. It is a colourfully illustrated book of lighthearted poems for children. 

''Noisy Nora'' (1929) is a cautionary tale about a girl who is a noisy eater. The book is printed as if handwritten, and the many illustrations often merge with the text.

''The Twilight of Magic'' (1930) is aimed at older readers. It is set in an age when magic is dying and science is beginning. This work is the only one of Lofting's books to have been illustrated by another person: [[Lois Lenski]].<ref name="Schmidt"/>

==''Victory for the Slain''==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Victory for the Slain.jpg|thumb|100px|Victory for the Slain]] -->
''[[Victory for the Slain (poem)|Victory for the Slain]]'' (1942), Lofting's only work for adults, consists of a single long poem in seven parts about the futility of war, permeated by the refrain "In war the only victors are the slain". It appeared only in the United Kingdom.<ref name="Schmidt"/>

== Published books ==
Lofting commented: "For years it was a constant source of shock to me to find my writings amongst 'juveniles'. It does not bother me any more now, but I still feel there should be a category of 'seniles' to offset the epithet."<ref name="Schmidt">G. D. Schmidt (1992), ''Hugh Lofting''. New York: Twayne Publishing.</ref>

; Doctor Dolittle

{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''[[The Story of Doctor Dolittle]]'' (1920) 
* ''[[The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle]]'' (1922) 
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Post Office]]'' (1923) 
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Circus]]'' (1924) 
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Zoo]]''  (1925)
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Caravan]]'' (1926)
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Garden]]'' (1927) 
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle in the Moon]]'' (1928) 
* ''[[Gub Gub's Book]]: An Encyclopedia of Food'' (1932)
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Return]]'' (1933) 
* ''Doctor Dolittle's Birthday Book'' (1936)
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake]]'' (1948) 
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary]]'' (1950)
* ''[[Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures]]'' (1952) <!-- {{oclc|1185760}} = first ed. at WorldCat -->
{{Div col end}}

; Other
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''The Story of Mrs Tubbs'' (1923)
* ''Porridge Poetry'' (1924)
* ''Noisy Nora'' (1929)
* ''The Twilight of Magic '' (1930)
* ''Tommy, Tilly, and Mrs. Tubbs'' (1936)
* ''[[Victory for the Slain (poem)|Victory for the Slain]]'' (1942)
{{Div col end}}

== See also ==
* {{Portal inline|Children's literature}}
* {{Portal inline|Fantasy}}

==References==
{{Reflist|25em}}

==External links==
{{wikisourceauthor}}
* {{StandardEbooks|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/hugh-lofting}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=269|name=Hugh Lofting}}
* {{FadedPage|id=Lofting, Hugh|name=Hugh Lofting|author=yes}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Hugh John Lofting}}
* {{Librivox author |id=3461}}
* [http://members.tripod.com/~Puddleby/ A Hugh Lofting website]
* [https://www.sites.google.com/site/hughloftingfirsteditionsuk/?fbclid=IwAR28khTXAgL2rvEb3NdIkKpfWF1cyhN2ZPGQBOkx-pOeKzJMAXI3jwZId-Q} First Editions UK] – with images 

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{{succession box |title=[[Newbery Medal|Newbery Medal winner]] |before=[[Hendrik Willem Van Loon]] |after=[[Charles Boardman Hawes|Charles Hawes]] |years=[[1923 in literature|1923]]}}
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{{Doctor Dolittle}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lofting, Hugh}}
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1947 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century English novelists]]
[[Category:Artists' Rifles soldiers]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:British children's book illustrators]]
[[Category:English emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:English children's writers]]
[[Category:Irish Guards officers]]
[[Category:MIT School of Engineering alumni]]
[[Category:Newbery Medal winners]]
[[Category:People educated at Mount St Mary's College]]
[[Category:People from Maidenhead]]
[[Category:Writers who illustrated their own writing]]