Editing I, Robot

{{short description|Collection of short stories by Isaac Asimov}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox book<!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->
 |name         = I, Robot
 |translator   =
 |image        = I robot.jpg
 |caption      = First edition cover
 |author       = [[Isaac Asimov]]
 |illustrator  =
 |cover_artist = Edd Cartier
 |country      = United States
 |language     = English
 |series       = [[Robot series (Asimov)|''Robot'' series]]
 |genre        = Science fiction
 |publisher    = [[Gnome Press]]
 |release_date = December 2, 1950
 |English_release_date =
 |media_type   = Print (hardback)
 |pages        = 253
 |isbn         =
 |preceded_by  =
 |followed_by  = [[The Rest of the Robots]]<br />[[The Complete Robot]]
}}

'''''I, Robot''''' is a [[fixup]] [[short story collection|collection]] of [[science fiction]] short stories by American writer [[Isaac Asimov]]. The stories originally appeared in the American magazines ''[[Super Science Stories]]'' and ''[[Analog Science Fiction and Fact|Astounding Science Fiction]]'' between 1940 and 1950. The stories were then compiled into a single publication by [[Gnome Press]] in 1950, in an initial edition of 5,000 copies.

==Overview==
The stories are woven together by a [[framing narrative]] in which the fictional Dr. [[Susan Calvin]] tells each story to a reporter (who serves as the narrator) in the 21st century.  Although the stories can be read separately, they share a theme of the interaction of humans, [[robot]]s, and [[morality]], and when combined they tell a larger story of Asimov's fictional history of [[robotics]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beauchamp |first=Gorman |date=1980 |title=The Frankenstein Complex and Asimov's Robots |journal=Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal |volume=13 |issue=3/4 |pages=83–94 |jstor=24780264  }}</ref>

Several of the stories feature the character of Dr. Calvin, chief [[robopsychology|robopsychologist]] at [[U.S. Robots and Mechanical Men]], Inc., the major manufacturer of robots. Upon their publication in this collection, Asimov wrote a [[framing sequence]] presenting the stories as Calvin's reminiscences during an interview with her about her life's work, chiefly concerned with aberrant behaviour of robots and the use of "[[robopsychology]]" to sort out what is happening in their [[positronic brain]]. The book also contains the short story in which Asimov's [[Three Laws of Robotics]] first appear, which had large influence on later science fiction and had impact on thought on [[ethics of artificial intelligence]] as well. Other characters that appear in these short stories are [[Powell and Donovan]], a field-testing team which locates flaws in USRMM's prototype models.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Portelli |first=Alessandrro |date=1980 |title=The Three Laws of Robotics: Laws of the Text, Laws of Production, Laws of Society (Les Trois Lois de la Robotique: lois du texte, lois de la production, lois de la société) |journal=Science Fiction Studies |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=150–156 |jstor=4239326 }}</ref>

The collection shares a title with the then recent short story "[[I, Robot (short story)|I, Robot]]" (1939) by [[Eando Binder]] (pseudonym of Earl and [[Otto Binder]]), which greatly influenced Asimov. Asimov had wanted to call his collection ''Mind and Iron'' and objected when the publisher made the title the same as Binder's. In his introduction to the story in ''Isaac Asimov Presents the Great SF Stories'' (1979), Asimov wrote:

{{Blockquote|It certainly caught my attention. Two months after I read it, I began "Robbie", about a sympathetic robot, and that was the start of my [[Positronic brain|positronic]] robot series. Eleven years later, when nine of my robot stories were collected into a book, the publisher named the collection ''I, Robot'' over my objections. My book is now the more famous, but Otto's story was there first.|Isaac Asimov (1979)<ref name="intro1979">{{cite book |title=Isaac Asimov Presents the Great SF Stories |year=1979 |first=Isaac |last=Asimov }}</ref>}}

==Contents==
* "[[Robbie (short story)|Robbie]]" (1940, revised 1950)
* "[[Runaround (story)|Runaround]]" (1942), (novelette)
* "[[Reason (short story)|Reason]]" (1941)
* "[[Catch That Rabbit]]" (1944)
* "[[Liar! (short story)|Liar!]]" (1941)
*  "[[Little Lost Robot]]" (1947) (novelette)
* "[[Escape!]]" (1945)
* "[[Evidence (short story)|Evidence]]" (1946) (novelette)
* "[[The Evitable Conflict]]" (1950) (novelette)

==Reception==
''[[The New York Times]]'' described ''I, Robot'' as "an exciting science thriller [which] could be fun for those whose nerves are not already made raw by the potentialities of the atomic age".<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Realm of the Spacemen |magazine=[[The New York Times Book Review]] |date=1951-02-04 }}</ref>

Describing it as "continuously fascinating", [[Groff Conklin]] "unreservedly recommended" the book.<ref name="conklin195104">{{Cite magazine
 |last=Conklin
 |first=Groff
 |date=April 1951
 |title=Galaxy's 5 Star Shelf
 |url=https://archive.org/stream/Galaxy_v02n01_1951-04#page/n59/mode/2up
 |magazine=Galaxy Science Fiction
 |pages=59–61
}}</ref>

[[P. Schuyler Miller]] recommended the collection: "For puzzle situations, for humor, for warm character, [and] for most of the values of plain good writing."<ref>{{cite book |title=Book Reviews |publisher=[[Analog Science Fiction and Fact|Astounding Science Fiction]] |date=September 1951 |pages=124–125 }}</ref>

==Awards==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#96c; text-align:center;"
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Recipient
! Result
! {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| 1995
| [[Locus Award|1995 Locus Awards]]
| Best Art Book
| ''[[Harlan Ellison#I, Robot|I, Robot: the Illustrated Screenplay]]'' by [[ Harlan Ellison]] and Isaac Asimov
| {{won|place=3}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sfadb.com/Locus_Awards_1995|title=Locus Awards 1995|work=Science Fiction Awards Database |access-date=November 7, 2024}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2012
| rowspan="2" | 2012 Locus Poll
| rowspan="2" | Best 20th Century Short Story
| "[[Robbie (short story)|Robbie]]"
| {{won|place=29}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=Locus12>{{cite web |url=https://locusmag.com/2012/12/all-time-short-fiction-results-2012/|title=All-Time Short Fiction Results, 2012|work=[[Locus (magazine)|Locus]]|date=December 30, 2012 |access-date=November 7, 2024}}</ref>
|-
| "[[Liar! (short story)|Liar!]]"
| {{won|place=41}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=Locus12 />
|-
| 2016 
| [[Hugo Award|1941 Retro-Hugo Awards]]
| [[Hugo Award for Best Short Story#Retro Hugos|Best Short Story]]
| "Robbie"
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=Hugo41>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1941-retro-hugo-awards/|title=1941 Retro-Hugo Awards|work=[[Hugo Award|The Hugo Awards]]|date=December 29, 2015 |access-date=November 7, 2024}}</ref>
|-
| 2018 
| 1943 Retro-Hugo Awards
| Best Short Story
| "[[Runaround (story)|Runaround]]"
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=Hugo43>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1943-retro-hugo-awards/|title=1943 Retro-Hugo Awards|work=[[Hugo Award|The Hugo Awards]]|date=March 30, 2018 |access-date=November 7, 2024}}</ref>
|-
|}

==Adaptations==
===Television===
At least three of the short stories from ''I, Robot'' have been adapted for television. The first was a 1962 episode of ''[[Out of This World (UK TV series)|Out of this World]]'' hosted by [[Boris Karloff]] called "[[Little Lost Robot]]" with [[Maxine Audley]] as [[Susan Calvin]]. Two short stories from the collection were made into episodes of the British series ''[[Out of the Unknown]]''. These are "The Prophet" (1967), based on "[[Reason (Asimov)|Reason]]"; and "[[Liar! (short story)|Liar!]]" (1969). Both episodes were [[Lost television broadcast|wiped]] by the [[BBC]] and are no longer thought to exist, although video clips, audio extracts and still photographs have survived. Repurposed robot costumes from the former appeared in the  1968 ''[[Doctor Who]]'' serial ''[[The Mind Robber]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/character/ch0005854/ |title=IMDb list of actresses that have played Susan Calvin. |website=[[IMDb]] |access-date=June 29, 2018 |archive-date=December 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218223021/http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0005854/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The 12th episode of the [[USSR]] science fiction TV series ''[[This Fantastic World]]'', filmed in 1987 and entitled ''Don't Joke with Robots'', was based on works by [[Aleksandr Belyaev]] and [[Fredrik Kilander]] as well as Asimov's "[[Liar! (short story)|Liar!]]" story.<ref>{{in lang|ru}} [http://www.gtrf.ru/item.asp?ob_no=258680 State Fund of Television and Radio Programs] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908045329/http://www.gtrf.ru/item.asp?ob_no=258680 |date=September 8, 2009}}</ref>

Both the [[The Outer Limits (1963 TV series)|original]] and [[The Outer Limits (1995 TV series)|revival series]] of ''The Outer Limits'' include episodes named "[[I, Robot (1964 The Outer Limits)|I, Robot]]" but these are adaptations of [[I, Robot (short story)|an unrelated work]] by [[Eando Binder|Earl and Otto Binder]] under their joint [[pseudonym]] "Eando Binder". The Binders' story introduced a recurring character, the robot named [[Adam Link]].

In August 2023, [[David S. Goyer]] revealed that he had gotten permission from [[Fox Broadcasting Company|FOX]] head [[Lachlan Murdoch]], a self-professed fan of [[Apple TV+]]'s ''[[Foundation (TV series)|Foundation]]'', to adapt concepts from ''I, Robot'' to the series' 2023 second season, in "tying [Demerzel/Daneel] into the ''I, Robot'' laws [and] doing a [[Spin-off (media)|spin-off]] [[Miniseries|mini-series]] that specifically delves into our version of "''The Robot Wars''".<ref>{{cite web|author=DavidGoyerFoundation|author-link=David S. Goyer|website=[[Reddit]]|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/television/comments/15fjxw4/hello_reddit_im_david_s_goyer_showrunner_of/judo64z|date=August 2, 2023|access-date=August 2, 2023|title=AMA: Hello Reddit! I'm David S. Goyer, showrunner of ''Foundation'' on Apple TV and Director of episodes 202 and 203. Ask me anything!|quote='''DavidGoyerFoundation:''' Will we do anything more with tying Demerzel into the ''I, Robot'' laws? Yes, for sure. Keep watching this season. We've even discussed doing a spin-off mini-series that specifically delves into our version of "''The Robot Wars''". No idea if we'll ever get there or if [[Apple TV+|Apple]] or the audience have the appetite for it. Depends on S2 reception and beyond. Maybe we do that – or maybe we try to incorporate that storyline within one of the seasonal arcs.|archive-date=August 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801190427/https://www.reddit.com/r/television/comments/15fjxw4/hello_reddit_im_david_s_goyer_showrunner_of/judo64z/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Films===
====Harlan Ellison's screenplay (1977–1978)====
During the late 1970s, [[Warner Bros.]] acquired the [[option (films)|option]] to make a film based on the book, but no screenplay was ever accepted. The most notable attempt was one by [[Harlan Ellison]], who collaborated with Asimov himself to create a version which captured the spirit of the original. Asimov is quoted as saying that this screenplay would lead to "the first really adult, complex, worthwhile [[science fiction movie]] ever made." Ellison worked on the project from December 1977 to December 1978. Asimov himself advised Ellison as to the scientific validity of some elements of the script.

Ellison's script, taking inspiration from ''[[Citizen Kane]]'',<ref name="WeeilWolf">{{cite book |last=Weil |first=Ellen |author2=Wolfe, Gary K. |title=Harlan Ellison: The Edge of Forever |publisher=Ohio State University Press |year=2002 |location=Columbus, OH |page=126 |isbn=0-8142-0892-4}}</ref> began with reporter Robert Bratenahl tracking down information about Susan Calvin's alleged former lover Stephen Byerly. This provided for a [[framing sequence]] to adaptations of Asimov's stories. These differ from the originals in that they more strongly center around Calvin as a character. Ellison placed Calvin into stories in which she had not appeared and amplified her role in ones in which she did.

Although well-regarded by critics, the screenplay is generally considered to have been unfilmable for practical reasons, given the technology and average film budgets of the time.<ref name="WeeilWolf" /> Asimov also believed that the film may have been scrapped owing to a conflict between Ellison and the producers: when the producers suggested changes in the script, instead of being diplomatic as advised by Asimov, Ellison "reacted violently" and offended them.<ref>Isaac Asimov, "Hollywood and I". In ''[[Asimov's Science Fiction]]'', May 1979.</ref>

The script was serialized in ''[[Asimov's Science Fiction]]'' magazine in late 1987, and appeared in book form with illustrations by [[Mark Zug]] under the title ''I, Robot: The Illustrated Screenplay'', in 1994 (reprinted 2004, {{ISBN|1-4165-0600-4}}). Both Ellison and Asimov received credits.

====2004 film====
{{Main|I, Robot (film)}}
The film [[I, Robot (film)|''I, Robot'']], starring [[Will Smith]], was released by [[Twentieth Century Fox]] on July 16, 2004 in the United States. Its plot uses elements of "[[Little Lost Robot]]",<ref name="topel"/> a few of Asimov's character names and the ''Three Laws''. The plot of the movie is original; the screenplay ''Hardwired'' by [[Jeff Vintar]] is not based on Asimov's stories.<ref name="topel">{{cite web |last=Topel |first=Fred |title="Jeff Vintar was Hardwired for I, ROBOT" (interview with Jeff Vintar, script writer) |work=Screenwriter's Utopia |publisher=Christopher Wehner |date=August 17, 2004 |url=http://www.screenwritersutopia.com/article/d19127d8 |access-date=July 30, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180831072002/http://www.screenwritersutopia.com/article/d19127d8 |archive-date=August 31, 2018}}</ref> It has been compared to Asimov's ''[[The Caves of Steel]]'', which revolves around the murder of a roboticist.  Unlike the works by Asimov, the movie featured hordes of killer robots.

===Radio===
[[BBC Radio 4]] aired an audio drama adaptation of five of the ''I, Robot'' stories on their [[15 Minute Drama]] in 2017, dramatized by Richard Kurti and starring [[Hermione Norris]].
# ''Robbie''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08crt5z |title=Robbie, Isaac Asimov's I, Robot, 15 Minute Drama - BBC Radio 4 |website=BBC |access-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222203549/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08crt5z |url-status=live }}</ref>
# ''Reason''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08crvm6 |title=Reason, Isaac Asimov's I, Robot, 15 Minute Drama - BBC Radio 4 |website=BBC |access-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-date=February 8, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208211127/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08crvm6 |url-status=live }}</ref>
# ''Little Lost Robot''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08csn40 |title=Little Lost Robot, Isaac Asimov's I, Robot, 15 Minute Drama - BBC Radio 4 |website=BBC |access-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210135849/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08csn40 |url-status=live }}</ref>
# ''Liar''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08cstfw |title=Liar, Isaac Asimov's I, Robot, 15 Minute Drama - BBC Radio 4 |website=BBC |access-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210153152/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08cstfw |url-status=live }}</ref>
# ''The Evitable Conflict''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08ctykj |title=The Evitable Conflict, Isaac Asimov's I, Robot, 15 Minute Drama - BBC Radio 4 |website=BBC |access-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211044324/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08ctykj |url-status=live }}</ref>
These also aired in a single program on [[BBC Radio 4 Extra]] as ''Isaac Asimov's 'I, Robot': Omnibus''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08dwwrv |title=Isaac Asimov's 'I, Robot': Omnibus - BBC Radio 4 Extra |website=BBC |access-date=February 10, 2017 |archive-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209034727/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08dwwrv |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Prequels==
The Asimov estate asked [[Mickey Zucker Reichert]] (best known for the Norse fantasy ''Renshai'' series) to write three<ref name="Guardian" /> prequels for ''I, Robot'', since she was a science fiction writer with a medical degree who had first met Asimov when she was 23, although she did not know him well.<ref name="Kalona" /> She was the first female writer to be authorized to write stories based on Asimov's novels.<ref name="Kalona" />

The follow-ups to Asimov's ''Foundation'' series had been written by [[Gregory Benford]], [[Greg Bear]], and [[David Brin]].<ref name="Guardian" />

[[Berkley Books]] ordered the ''I, Robot'' prequels, which included:
* ''I, Robot: To Protect'' (2011)
* ''I, Robot: To Obey'' (2013)
* ''I, Robot: To Preserve'' (2016)

==Popular culture references==
{{in popular culture|section|date=January 2024}}
{{See also|The Three Laws of Robotics in popular culture}}
In 2004, ''[[The Saturday Evening Post]]'' said that ''I, Robot'''s [[Three Laws of Robotics|Three Laws]] "revolutionized the science fiction genre and made robots far more interesting than they ever had been before."<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kreiter |first=Ted |title=Revisiting The Master Of Science Fiction |journal=Saturday Evening Post |volume=276 |issue=6 |page=38 |issn=0048-9239}}</ref> ''I, Robot'' has influenced many aspects of modern popular culture, particularly with respect to science fiction and technology. One example of this is in the technology industry. The name of the real-life modem manufacturer named [[U.S. Robotics]] was directly inspired by ''I, Robot''. The name is taken from the name of a robot manufacturer ("United States Robots and Mechanical Men") that appears throughout Asimov's robot short stories.<ref>''U.S. Robotics Press Kit, 2004'', p3 [http://www.usr.com/download/brochures/press-backgrounder.pdf PDF format] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928020238/http://www.usr.com/download/brochures/press-backgrounder.pdf |date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref>

Many works in the field of science fiction have also paid homage to Asimov's collection.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

An episode of the original ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'' series, "[[I, Mudd]]" (1967), which depicts a planet of androids in need of humans, references ''I, Robot''. Another reference appears in the title of a ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'' episode, "[[I, Borg]]" (1992), in which Geordi La Forge befriends a lost member of the Borg collective and teaches it a sense of individuality and free will.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

A ''[[Doctor Who]]'' story, ''[[The Robots of Death]]'' (1977), references ''I, Robot'' with the "First Principle", with one character stating: "Robots can't harm humans. It's the first principle."<ref>{{cite serial |title=The Robots of Death |series=[[Doctor Who]] |last=Boucher |first=Chris (Writer) |author-link=Chris Boucher |network=[[BBC]] |station=[[BBC One|BBC1]] |date=29 January – 19 February 1977}}</ref>

In the film ''[[Aliens (film)|Aliens]]'' (1986), the synthetic person Bishop paraphrases Asimov's First Law in the line: "It is impossible for me to harm, or by omission of action allow to be harmed, a human being."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DS7WyOSYBIY | title=Reaction of Ripley when she founds out that Bishop's android - Aliens (1986) in 1080p | website=[[YouTube]] | date=November 10, 2022 }}</ref>

An episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'' entitled "[[I D'oh Bot]]" (2004) has [[Professor Frink]] build a robot named "Smashius Clay" (also named "Killhammad Aieee") that follows all three of Asimov's laws of robotics.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wellman |first=Henry M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3EPBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA135 |title=Reading Minds: How Childhood Teaches Us to Understand People |date=2019-12-03 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-087868-9 |page=135 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[animated series|animated]] science fiction/comedy ''[[Futurama]]'' makes several references to ''I, Robot''. The title of the episode "[[I, Roommate]]" (1999) is a spoof on ''I, Robot'' although the plot of the episode has little to do with the original stories.<ref name="Drawn">{{cite book |title=Drawn to Television: Prime-Time Animation from the Flintstones to Family Guy |url=https://archive.org/details/drawntotelevisio0000book |url-access=registration |author=M. Keith Booker |page=[https://archive.org/details/drawntotelevisio0000book/page/122 122] |isbn=0-275-99019-2 |year=2006 |publisher=Praeger |location=Westport, Conn.}}</ref> Additionally, the episode "[[The Cyber House Rules]]" included an optician named "Eye Robot" and the episode "[[Anthology of Interest II]]" included a segment called "I, Meatbag."<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Cyber House Rules - The Infosphere, the Futurama Wiki |url=https://theinfosphere.org/The_Cyber_House_Rules |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=theinfosphere.org |archive-date=February 6, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206014444/https://theinfosphere.org/The_Cyber_House_Rules |url-status=live }}</ref> Also in "[[Bender's Game]]" (2008) the psychiatrist is shown a [[logical fallacy]] and explodes when the assistant shouts "Liar!" a la "[[Liar! (short story)|Liar!]]". Leela once told Bender to "cover his ears" so that he would not hear the robot-destroying paradox which she used to destroy Robot Santa (he punishes the bad, he kills people, killing is bad, therefore he must punish himself), causing a total breakdown; additionally, Bender has stated that he is Three Laws Safe.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

The [[positronic brain]], which Asimov named his robots' central processors, is what powers [[Data (Star Trek)|Data]] from ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', as well as other Soong type androids. Positronic brains have been referenced in a number of other television shows including ''[[Doctor Who]]'', ''[[Once Upon a Time... Space]]'', ''[[Perry Rhodan]]'', ''[[The Number of the Beast (novel)|The Number of the Beast]]'', and others.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

Author [[Cory Doctorow]] has written a story called "[[I, Robot (Cory Doctorow)|I, Robot]]" as homage to and critique of Asimov,<ref>Doctorow, Cory. "Cory Doctorow's Craphound.com". http://www.craphound.com/?p=189 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080427172226/http://craphound.com/?p=189 |date=April 27, 2008 }} (retrieved April 27, 2008)</ref> as well as "I, Row-Boat", both released in the 2007 short story collection ''[[Overclocked: Stories of the Future Present]]''. He has also said, "If I return to this theme, it will be with a story about uplifted cheese sandwiches, called 'I, Rarebit.'"<ref>{{cite web |last=Doctorow |first=Cory |title=Cory Doctorow's Craphound.com |url=http://www.craphound.com/?p=1676 |accessdate=2008-04-27 |archive-date=March 31, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080331001528/http://craphound.com/?p=1676 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Other cultural references to the book are less directly related to science fiction and technology. The album ''[[I Robot (album)|I Robot]]'' (1977), by [[The Alan Parsons Project]], was inspired by Asimov's ''I, Robot''. In its original conception, the album was to follow the themes and concepts presented in the short story collection. The Alan Parsons Project were not able to obtain the rights in spite of Asimov's enthusiasm; he had already assigned the rights elsewhere. Thus, the album's concept was altered slightly although the name was kept (minus comma to avoid copyright infringement).<ref>[http://www.the-alan-parsons-project.com/albums.html Official Alan Parsons Project website] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218125336/http://www.the-alan-parsons-project.com/albums.html |date=2009-02-18 }}</ref> An album, ''[[I, Human]]'' (2009), by Singaporean band [[Deus Ex Machina (Death Metal)|Deus Ex Machina]], draws heavily upon Asimov's principles on robotics and applies it to the concept of cloning.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.live4metal.com/reviews-784.htm |title=Reviews |publisher=Live 4 Metal |access-date=2011-10-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019101359/http://www.live4metal.com/reviews-784.htm |archive-date=2011-10-19 }}</ref>

The Indian science fiction film ''[[Endhiran]]'' (2010) refers to Asimov's three laws for artificial intelligence for the fictional character "Chitti: The Robot". When a scientist takes in the robot for evaluation, the panel inquires whether the robot was built using the Three Laws of Robotics.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

The theme for [[Burning Man#2013 to 2019|Burning Man 2018]] was "I, Robot".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://journal.burningman.org/2017/10/philosophical-center/the-theme/i-robot/ |title=I, ROBOT |date=October 18, 2017 |access-date=June 1, 2018 |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703163017/https://journal.burningman.org/2017/10/philosophical-center/the-theme/i-robot/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[I, Robot (film)|''I, Robot'' (film)]]

== Citations ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Kalona">{{cite news |url=http://www.kalonanews.com/articles/2011/05/25/news/doc4ddd1d2bf3ba5099183448.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130901131456/http://www.kalonanews.com/articles/2011/05/25/news/doc4ddd1d2bf3ba5099183448.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 1, 2013 |title=Area author continues works of Isaac Asimov |publisher=Kalona News |date=May 25, 2011 |access-date=November 9, 2014 }}</ref>
<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/oct/29/fantasy-author-new-isaac-asimov-novels |title=Fantasy author to write new 'Isaac Asimov' novels |date=October 29, 2009 |access-date=November 9, 2014}}</ref>
}}

== General and cited references ==
* {{cite book |last=Chalker |first=Jack L. |author-link=Jack L. Chalker |author2=Mark Owings |title=The Science-Fantasy Publishers: A Bibliographic History, 1923–1998 |location=Westminster, MD and Baltimore |publisher=Mirage Press, Ltd. |page=299 |year=1998}}

==External links==
* {{ISFDB title|id=17201}}
* {{OL work|id=46404W|cname=''I, Robot''}}

<div style="font-size:90%;">
{| border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="margin:auto;"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! style="width:60%;" |Series:<br />
! style="width:40%;" |Followed by:
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[Robot series (Asimov)|''Robot'' series]]<br />[[Foundation (book series)|''Foundation'' Series]]
|''[[The Rest of the Robots]]''<br />
|}
</div>
{{I, Robot}}
{{Robot series}}
{{Asimov story collections}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:I, Robot| ]]
[[Category:1950 short story collections]]
[[Category:Foundation universe books]]
[[Category:Gnome Press books]]
[[Category:Science fiction short story collections]]
[[Category:Science fiction short story collections by Isaac Asimov]]