Editing IBM Aptiva

{{short description|Line of personal computers developed and commercialized by IBM}}
{{Multiple issues|{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}}
{{Original research|date=April 2023}}}}
{{Infobox computer
| Name = IBM Aptiva
| logo = Aptiva wordmark.svg
| Photo = IBM Aptiva 2144-M51 introduction screen.jpg
| caption = An IBM Aptiva desktop unit from 1995. Pressing the top left corner of the front panel will open it to reveal the [[removable disk]] drives.
| Type = [[Personal computer]]
| Released = {{Start date and age|1994|09}}
| Discontinued = {{End date|2001|05}}
| Processor = [[Intel 80486]]
| predecessor = [[IBM PS/1]]<br>[[Ambra Computer Corporation|IBM Ambra]]
| successor = none
| related = [[IBM PC Series]]
| website = {{web archive|url=http://web.archive.org/web/19961113125217/http://www.pc.ibm.com:80/aptiva/|title=pc.ibm.com}}
}}

'''IBM Aptiva''' is a line of [[personal computer]]s that was produced by [[IBM]]. It was designed primarily for home use and offered a range of models with varying specifications and features. It was introduced in September 1994 as the replacement for the [[IBM PS/1]].

The first Aptiva models were based on the [[Intel 80486]] CPU. Later models used the [[Pentium (original)|Pentium]] and [[List of AMD microprocessors|AMD CPUs]]. All systems were developed in-house except for the later E series which was developed by [[Acer Inc.|Acer]].

Aptiva computers were typically sold as a bundle which included monitor, speakers, keyboard and mouse. First-generation models came with IBM PC DOS 6.3 and Windows 3.1. Pentium-generation Aptivas came with [[Windows 95]] and OS/2 'select-a-system' (PC DOS 7/Windows 3.1 and [[OS/2 Warp]]) on selected models. Most Aptiva models included a modem and a standby/hibernation feature called "Rapid Resume".

Sound and modem functionality was provided on M, A, C and S models by an [[IBM Mwave]] adapter. The Mwave adaptor had multiple compatibility and performance issues and was eventually replaced by standard modems and sound cards. IBM settled a lawsuit for Mwave owners by refunding Aptiva Mwave owners a small monetary fee so that those owners could purchase industry standard devices.{{cn|date=April 2020}}

The last Aptiva system was withdrawn from sale in May 2001 without a direct replacement when IBM decided to exit the home market. Customers were directed to the [[IBM NetVista]], which was more targeted to business desktops.

==Market history==
Among other things, IBM's development and marketing of [[Lotus SmartSuite]] and [[OS/2]] placed it in direct competition with [[Microsoft Office]] and [[Microsoft Windows]], respectively. As a result, Microsoft "punished the IBM PC Company with higher prices, a late license for [[Windows 95]], and the withholding of technical and marketing support."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.cnet.com/Full+text+of+Judge+Jacksons+findings+of+fact+-+page+23/2009-1001_3-232571-23.html|title=Full text of Judge Jackson's findings of fact|publisher=[[CNet]]}}, Sec. 116. January 2007</ref>

IBM was not granted [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]] rights for Windows 95 until 15 minutes prior to the release of Windows 95, on August 24, 1995. Because of this uncertainty, IBM machines were sold without Windows 95, while [[Compaq]], [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]], and other companies sold machines with Windows 95 from day one.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.cnet.com/Full+text+of+Judge+Jacksons+findings+of+fact+-+page+25/2009-1001_3-232571-25.html?tag=st.next|title=Full text of Judge Jackson's findings of fact|publisher=[[CNet]]}}, Sec. 125. January 2007</ref>

The Aptiva never managed to recapture IBM's early 1980s PC dominance from [[Compaq]], [[Dell]], or [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]. IBM's PC Group had higher costs than its competitors which made it impossible to match them on prices. Throughout the 1990s, IBM lost the most market share in PCs during that decade compared to its rivals, and only the ThinkPad laptop remained a stronghold. Most desktop and laptop sales were with longstanding corporate customers that already used IBM mainframe computers. Despite IBM's continued decline in hardware, that was more than offset by the company shifting focus to the more lucrative e-business (integrated e-commerce and Internet technology solutions).

== {{anchor|Aptiva models}}Models ==
[[File:IBM Aptiva 2139 (1).jpg|thumb|IBM Aptiva 2136, 2137, 2138, 2139]]
The series to which a Pentium-based Aptiva belongs is encoded in the first letter of the three-character model number (so a 2168-M40 is an M Series). The word in quotes relates to the internal development name for the computer.

* A Series Followed the M series Aptiva. Also used Mwave adaptor and Windows 95.
* C Series "Courageous" There were two model types and followed A series Aptiva.
* E Series "Entry" Low-end models developed by [[Acer Inc.|Acer]] alongside the [[ThinkPad i Series]]. 
* L Series
* M Series "Magic" First Aptiva series preloaded with Windows 95. Also used Mwave adaptor
* S Series "Stealth" This model appeared during the C series introduction and used [[Mwave]] also.

Aptiva machine types:
* 2136, 2137, 2138, 2139
* 2140, 2142, 2144
* 2151-89E, 2151-90E, 2153, 2156, 2158, 2159
* 2161, 2162, 2163, 2164, 2168, 
* 2170 (AMD K6-2), 2171, 2172, 2173, 2174, 2176, 2178
* 2193, 2194, 2196, 2197, 2198
* 2255
* 2270, 2274
* 6832
* 6864

The first generation of Aptivas used the 2144 desktop and 2168 [[Computer tower|tower]] unit form factors. 
The 2159 "stealth" series was a unique all black design that had the monitor resting on a metal stand with a 'console' located underneath which contained the floppy and CD drive. The console connected to the main unit via a 6-foot cable. Later in the production life, all Aptivas used tower unit form factors. Originally the 2144 and 2168 machine types referred to the amount of open slots and drive bays. Later machine type numbers did not have the same nomenclature.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}

== User groups ==
Various Aptiva user and fan groups emerged. One of the most notable and tenured was run by Don Schneider, "DON5408's Unofficial Aptiva Support Site",<ref name="DON5408">{{cite web |url=http://members.aol.com/don5408/aptiva.html |title=DON5408's Unofficial Aptiva Support Site |last=Schneider |first=Don |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012193005/http://members.aol.com/don5408/aptiva.html |archive-date=2007-10-12 |access-date=2017-01-12 }}</ref> now available on [http://aptivasupport.com aptivasupport.com]. The site had much information on topics such as how to open the computer case,<ref>[http://home.ptd.net/~don5408/case/ Aptiva Case Cover Removal]</ref> drivers and upgrade tips. The site included a user chat group on Friday nights for users to help each other with PC issues. The site was removed when AOL discontinued its web hosting services, but some pages still remain on ptd.net. The site ran from 4/4/1997 to 10/31/2008, bringing in just under a million views on the home page.

== Timeline ==
{{Timeline of the IBM Personal Computer}}

== See also ==
{{Commons category}}
* [[Ambra Computer Corporation]]
* [[IBM PC Series]]
* [[ThinkPad]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{web archive|url=http://web.archive.org/web/19961113125217/http://www.pc.ibm.com:80/aptiva/|title=Official website}}

{{IBM personal computers}}

[[Category:X86 IBM personal computers|Aptiva]]
[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1994]]