Editing ISO 690

{{short description|ISO standard for bibliographic referencing}}
{{styles}}
'''ISO 690''' is an [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] [[standardization|standard]] governing [[Citation|bibliographic references]] in different kinds of [[documents]], including [[electronic documents]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Bob |last=Stayton |date=September 2007 |chapter=Customizing bibliography output |chapter-url=http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/CustomBiblio.html |title=DocBook XSL: The Complete Guide |edition=4th |isbn=978-0-9741521-3-4 |publisher=Sagehill Enterprises |location=[[Santa Cruz, California]]}}</ref>{{sfn|ISO 690:2010}} This [[international standard]] specifies the [[bibliography |bibliographic elements]] that need to be included in references to published documents, and the order in which these elements should be stated.

==Characteristics==
ISO 690 governs bibliographic references to published material in both print and non-print documents.{{sfn|ISO 690:2010|page=1}} The current version of the standard was published in 2021 and covers all kinds of information resources, including monographs, serials, contributions, patents, cartographic materials, electronic information resources (including computer software and databases), music, recorded sound, prints, photographs, graphic and audiovisual works, and moving images.{{sfn|ISO 690:2021}}

ISO 690 ranks among a number of ISO standards that bear on [[academic publishing]], such as {{Interlanguage link|ISO 214|en|ISO 214|lt=ISO 214|qid=Q130295492}}, which establishes rules for [[Abstract (summary)|abstracts]]; [[ISO 2145]], which deals with numbering of divisions and subdivisions of written documents; and [[ISO 2014]] and [[ISO 3166]], which, respectively, establish the correct use of dates and country codes.{{sfn|Delgado López‐Cózar| p=290}}

Punctuation and style are not part of the standard; largely, the standard governs [[separation of presentation and content|content rather than presentation]].

ISO 690 prescribes a referencing scheme with a fixed order of bibliographic elements in which the publication date appears after the "production information" of ''place'' and ''publisher'', but it allows an exception for the [[Parenthetical referencing|Harvard system]], in which the date appears after the creator name(s).{{sfn|ISO 690:2010|p=4}}

The standard allows for three citation methods:{{sfn|ISO 690:2010|pp=25–27}}
* ''name and date'' ("Harvard system"), in which the creator's name and the year of publication of the resource cited are given in the text;
* ''numeric'', in which numerals in the text – either in parentheses, brackets or superscript – refer to resources in the order in which they are first cited; and 
* ''running notes'', in which numerals in the text – either in parentheses, brackets or superscript – refer to notes, which are numbered in order of their occurrence in the text.

==Publication history==
The first edition of the ISO 690 standard was published in 1975.{{sfn|ISO 690:1975}}

The second edition, published in 1987, includes elements specific to patent citations, rendering obsolete the ISO 3388:1977 standard devoted to them.{{sfn|ISO 690:1987}}

In 1997, ISO published a second part, devoted to the citation of electronic documents.{{sfn|ISO 690-2:1997}} As a consequence, the ISO 690 standard consisted of two separate parts from 1997 to 2010: ISO 690:1987, dealing with documents in general, and ISO 690-2:1997, dealing with electronic documents in particular.

In 2010, these two documents were revised and merged into a single work, constituting the third edition of the standard.{{sfn|ISO 690:2010| p=v}}

The fourth edition was published in June 2021 as ISO 690:2021.

==Usage==
In academic publishing, compliance with ISO 690 is often less than rigorous.{{sfn|Delgado López‐Cózar}}{{sfn|Bertin and Atanassova}} 

==Examples of citation (ISO 690:1987)==
ISO 690 is copyrighted and not free for distribution. The application of versions preceding the current edition{{sfn|ISO 690:2021}} is not considered a fault.

; [[Monographs]]:

: Lominandze, DG. ''Cyclotron waves in plasma''. Translated by AN. Dellis; edited by SM. Hamberger. 1st ed. Oxford : Pergamon Press, 1981. 206 p. International series in natural philosophy. Translation of: Ciklotronnye volny v plazme. {{ISBN|0-08-021680-3}}.

; Parts of a monograph:

: Parker, TJ. and Haswell, WD. ''A Text-book of zoology''. 5th ed., vol 1. revised by WD. Lang. London : Macmillan 1930. Section 12, Phyllum Mollusca, pp.&nbsp;663–782.<!-- Does the ISO use hyphens or endashes? endash used here -->

; Contributions in a monograph:

: Wringley, EA. Parish registers and the historian. In Steel, DJ. ''National index of parish registers''. London : [[Society of Genealogists]], 1968, vol. 1, pp.&nbsp;155–167.<!-- Does the ISO use hyphens or endashes? endash used here -->

; Serials:

: ''Communication equipment manufacturers''. Manufacturing a Primary Industries Division, Statistics Canada. Preliminary Edition, 1970- . Ottawa : Statistics Canada, 1971– . Annual census of manufacturers. {{in lang|en|fr}}. {{ISSN|0700-0758}}.

; Articles in a serial:

: Weaver, William. The Collectors: command performances. Photography by Robert Emmet Bright. ''Architectural Digest'', December 1985, vol. 42, no. 12, pp.&nbsp;126-133.
==See also==
* [[Bibliography]]
* [[BibTeX]]
* [[Documentation]]
* [[DIN 1505-2]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==

*{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1045/july2012-bertin| issn = 1082-9873| volume = 18| issue = 7/8| last1 = Bertin| first1 = Marc| last2 = Atanassova| first2 = Iana| title = Semantic Enrichment of Scientific Publications and Metadata: Citation Analysis Through Contextual and Cognitive Analysis| journal = D-Lib Magazine| access-date = 2019-05-13| date = July 2012| url = http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july12/bertin/07bertin.html| ref={{sfnRef|Bertin and Atanassova}}| doi-access = free}}
* {{Cite journal| doi = 10.1108/EUM0000000007147| issn = 0022-0418| volume = 55| issue = 3| pages = 288–309| last = Delgado López-Cózar| first = Emilio| title = ISO Standards for the Presentation of Scientific Periodicals: Little known and Little used by Spanish Biomedical Journals| journal = Journal of Documentation| date = 1999| ref={{sfnRef|Delgado López‐Cózar}}| url = http://eprints.rclis.org/12995/1/Delgado_Lopez-Cozar%2C_E_ISO_standards_for_the_presentation_of_scientific_periodicals_Little_known_and_little_used_by_Spanish_biomedical_journals_Journal_of_Documentation_%28Londres%29%2C_1999%2C_55%283%29_288-309.pdf}}
* {{Cite book| edition = 1st| publisher = International Organization for Standardization| title = ISO 690:1975 – Documentation – Bibliographical References – Essential and Supplementary Elements|date=1975| location = Geneva| access-date = 2019-05-10| url = http://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/00/48/4887.html |ref={{sfnRef|ISO 690:1975}}}}
* {{Cite book| edition = 2nd| publisher = International Organization for Standardization| title = ISO 690:1987 – Documentation – Bibliographic References – Content, Form and Structure| location = Geneva|date=1987| access-date = 2019-05-10| url = http://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/00/48/4888.html|ref={{sfnRef|ISO 690:1987}}}}
* {{Cite book| edition = 2nd| publisher = International Organization for Standardization| title = ISO 690-2:1997 – Information and Documentation – Bibliographic References – Part 2: Electronic Documents or Parts Thereof| location = Geneva|date=1997| access-date = 2019-05-10| url = http://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/02/59/25921.html|ref={{sfnRef|ISO 690-2:1997}}}}
* {{Cite book| edition = 3rd| publisher = International Organization for Standardization| title = ISO 690:2010 – Information and Documentation – Guidelines for Bibliographic References and Citations to Information Resources| location = Geneva| access-date = 2019-05-10| date = 2010| url = https://www.iso.org/standard/43320.html| ref={{sfnRef|ISO 690:2010}}}}
* {{Cite book| edition = 4th| publisher = International Organization for Standardization| title = ISO 690:2021 – Information and Documentation – Guidelines for Bibliographic References and Citations to Information Resources| location = Geneva| access-date = 2021-08-12| date = 2021| url = https://www.iso.org/standard/72642.html| ref={{sfnRef|ISO 690:2021}}}}

==External links==
* Excerpts from [https://web.archive.org/web/20100330012652/http://museodeltraje.mcu.es/downloads/INTERNATIONAL_STANDARD_ISO-690.pdf ISO 690:1987 ''Information and documentation – Bibliographic references – Content, form and structure'']
* Excerpts from [https://web.archive.org/web/20100330012701/http://museodeltraje.mcu.es/downloads/INTERNATIONAL_STANDARD_ISO-690-2.pdf ISO 690-2:1987 ''Information and documentation – Bibliographic references – Part 2: Electronic documents or parts thereof'']
* [http://paedpsych.jk.uni-linz.ac.at/internet/ARBEITSBLAETTERORD/LITERATURORD/ZitationISO690.html#5.1 Extracts from ISO 690-2] at Johannes Kepler Universitaet Linz
* [https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:690:ed-3:v1:en ISO 690:2010(E) Online Browsing Platform]
* [https://www.iso.org/standard/43320.html ISO 690:2010]
* [https://www.iso.org/standard/72642.html ISO 690:2021]

{{ISO standards}}

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[[Category:Bibliography]]
[[Category:ISO standards|#00690]]