Editing Iberian chiffchaff

{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{speciesbox
| status            = LC
| status_system     = IUCN3.1
| status_ref        = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2019 |title=''Phylloscopus ibericus'' |page=e.T22729520A155614244 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22729520A155614244.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| image             = Phylloscopus ibericus.jpg
| image_caption     =
| taxon             = Phylloscopus ibericus
| authority         = [[Claud Buchanan Ticehurst|Ticehurst]], 1937
| synonyms = {{Specieslist
| Phylloscopus collybita brehmi | [[Eugen Ferdinand von Homeyer|Homeyer]], 1871
| Phylloscopus brehmi | Homeyer, 1871
| Phylloscoipus collybita brehmi | Ticehurst, 1937
}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name = Avibase>{{cite web |url=https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=12EE678EE03BDFB2&sec=summary |title=Iberian Chiffchaff ''Phylloscopus ibericus'' Ticehurst, CB 1937 |access-date=16 April 2025 |publisher=Denis Lepage |work=Avibase}}</ref>
| range_map = PhylloscopusIbericusIUCN.svg
| range_map_caption = Range of ''P. obericus'' {{leftlegend|#00FF00|Breeding|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#00FFFF|Passage|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#007FFF|Non-breeding|outline=gray}} 
}}

The '''Iberian chiffchaff''' ('''''Phylloscopus ibericus''''') is a [[species]] of [[passerine]] belonging to the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Phylloscopidae]], the leaf warblers. This species is found as a breeding bird in the Southwestern Europe and northwestern Africa. It winters in Western Africa south of the [[Sahara Desert]].

== Taxonomy and etymology ==
The Iberian chiffchaff was first distinguished as separate from the [[common chiffchaff]] (‘’P. collybita’’) in 1871 by the German [[ornithologist]]  [[Eugen Ferdinand von Homeyer]] who named it as the [[subspecies]] ‘’P. c. brehmi’’.<ref name = Avibase/>  However, when the [[holotype]] of ‘’P. c. brehmi’’ was re-examined it was found to actually be an example of common chiffchaff which rendered Homeyer’s name invalid. It was then decided to use the name ‘’P. c. ibericus’’ proposed by the English ornithologist [[Claud B. Ticehurst]] in 1937<ref name = Juana>{{cite book |author=Eduardo de Juana |name-list-style=and |author2=Ernest Garcia |year=2015 |title=Birds of the Iberian Peninsula |publisher=Christopher Helm |isbn=9781408124802 |pages=528-529}}</ref> with its [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] given as  [[Paul d'Argila]], near [[Coimbra]] in Portugal.<ref name = Avibase/> As of 2016, it is recognised as a separate [[species]] under the name ''Phylloscopus ibericus''<ref name = Sangster>{{cite journal |author=Sangster, George  |author2=Knox, Alan G. |author3=Helbig, Andreas J.|name-list-style= & |author4=Parkin, David T.  |year=2002 |doi=10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x |title=Taxonomic recommendations for European birds. |journal=[[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]] |volume=144 |issue=1 |pages=153–159}}</ref> 

The genus name ''Phylloscopus'' is from [[Ancient Greek]] ''phullon'', "leaf", and ''skopos'', "seeker" (from ''skopeo'', "to watch"). The specific ''ibericus'' is [[Latin]] for "[[Iberian Peninsula|Iberian]]".<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n201 201], 305}}</ref>

The name "chiffchaff" is onomatopoeic, referring to the repetitive ''chiff-chaff'' song of the [[common chiffchaff]] (''Phylloscopus collybita''). There are similar names in some other European languages, such as the [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''Tjiftjaf'', the [[German language|German]] ''Zilpzalp'' and [[Welsh language|Welsh]] ''siff-saff''.<ref name= Cocker>{{cite book | last = Cocker | first = Mark |author2=Mabey, Richard  |title = Birds Britannica | year = 2005 |location=London | publisher = Chatto & Windus | pages = 378–9|isbn = 0-7011-6907-9}}</ref>

Due to current research on these species, it has been discovered that Iberian Chiffchaff is the most divergent among the members of the chiffchaff species complex. The Iberian Chiffchaff is slightly larger and paler, with more olive-coloured plumage.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Raković |first1=Marko |last2=Neto |first2=Júlio M. |last3=Lopes |first3=Ricardo J. |last4=Koblik |first4=Evgeniy A. |last5=Fadeev |first5=Igor V. |last6=Lohman |first6=Yuriy V. |last7=Aghayan |first7=Sargis A. |last8=Boano |first8=Giovanni |last9=Pavia |first9=Marco |last10=Perlman |first10=Yoav |last11=Kiat |first11=Yosef |last12=Ben Dov |first12=Amir |last13=Collinson |first13=J. Martin |last14=Voelker |first14=Gary |last15=Drovetski |first15=Sergei V. |title=Geographic patterns of mtDNA and Z-linked sequence variation in the Common Chiffchaff and the 'chiffchaff complex' |journal=PLOS ONE |date=4 January 2019 |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=e0210268 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0210268|pmid=30608988 |pmc=6319743 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

==Identification==
The Iberian chiffchaff is told apart from the common chiffchaff mainly on its song but it also has plumage differences such as the upperparts being a cleaner green colour with no brown hue. The breast is yellow and the belly is white, closer in appearance to a [[willow warbler]] (‘’P. trochilus’’) than the common chiffchaff. This resemblance to willow warbler is enhanced by the distinct dark eyestripe. The voice is similar to common chiff chaff but is not a disyllabic but introduces other elements, there is a chiff-chaff like call, but this is faster and more monotonous than the common chiffchaff song, some repeated rattles and then some long drawn out whistles.  This has been written down as “chiff-chiff-chiff-chiff-dr-dr-dr-dr-swit-swit-swit”. <ref name = Collins>{{cite book |author=Lars Svensson |author2=Killian Mullarney |author3=Dan Zetterström |name-list-style=& |year=2022 |title=Collins Bird Guide |edition=3 |pages=342-343|isbn=9780008547455 |publisher=William Collins}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
The Iberian chiffchaff is a summer visitor to its breeding range in Spain, Portugal and Morocco. In the Iberian Peninsula it breeds in the west and north, the northern Spanish population breeds from [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] to [[Navarre]] in the [[Pyrenees]], with a small number breeding in the [[Pyrénées-Atlantiques]] in France with separate scattered populations in the mountains of southern Spain. In Portugal it is mainly found in [[Trás-os-Montes]] and [[Alto Douro (region)|Alto Douro]] in the north with another separate population in southern Portugal from [[Estremadura Province (historical)|Estremadura]] south to the [[Algarve]].<ref name = Juana/> It also breeds in northern Morrocco.<ref name = Collins/> It is found in humid areas, being assocuiated  with riparian habitats in the south, although in the north they are found in a deciduous woodland with well-developed undergrowth and are less dependant on riparian habitats.<ref name = Juana/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Svensson, Lars (2001). "The correct name of the Iberian Chiffchaff ''Phylloscopus ibericus'' Ticehurst 1937, its identification and new evidence of its winter grounds". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 121: 281–296.

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141202070244/http://aulaenred.ibercaja.es/wp-content/uploads/380a_IberianChiffchaffPibericus.pdf Ageing and sexing (PDF; 1.8 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q976787}}

[[Category:Phylloscopus|Iberian chiffchaff]]
[[Category:Birds of Southern Europe]]
[[Category:Birds of North Africa]]
[[Category:Birds of West Africa]]
[[Category:Fauna of the Iberian Peninsula]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1937|Iberian chiffchaff]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Claud B. Ticehurst|Iberian chiffchaff]]

{{Phylloscopidae-stub}}